8j9fYÆjXe[E`\cjÆXZZflekj`e[`ZXk\#Xcck_\`ek\im`\n\[m\k\iXejkfc[m\ipg\ijfeXcjkfi`\j#
Xe[`edXepnXpj#k_\pdXpefkY\ZfdgXiXYc\%8kk_\jXd\k`d\#k_\`ijkfi`\j[fi\m\Xc
gXɝ\iej% N_\e m\k\iXej \ogi\jj\[ ^l`ck Xe[ Xe^\i# k_\p fɘ\e [`[ efk d\ek`fe Zc\Xi$Zlk
kiXej^i\jj`fej#Ylkdfi\Zfdgc`ZXk\[j`klXk`fej%Kpg`ZXccp#k_\p\ogi\jj\[dfiXcal[^d\ekj
Xe[\dfk`fej`ek_\Zfek\okf]fe\f]k_\]fccfn`e^k_i\\b`e[jf]\og\i`\eZ\j%
JU`iY7cbɘ]Wh
K_\ Ïijk k_\d\ kf Xi`j\ `e k_\ XZZflekj f] dXep m\k\iXej ZfeZ\iej mXcl\ ZfeÐ`Zk% =fi
`ejkXeZ\# 9fY nXek\[ kf _\cg g\fgc\ `e e\\[# Ylk fɘ\e _\ Zflc[ efk Y\_Xm\ k_\ nXp _\
nXek\[ Y\ZXlj\ _\ _X[ kf ]fccfn fi[\ij fi _\ ]\Xi\[ ]fi _`j fne c`]\% Glk [`ɕ\i\ekcp# _\
\og\i`\eZ\[ ZfeÐ`Zkj Y\kn\\e k_\ mXcl\j f] gifk\Zk`fe# fY\[`\eZ\ Xe[ j\c]$gi\j\imXk`fe%
E`\cj#j`d`cXicp#\og\i`\eZ\[j\m\iXcmXcl\ZfeÐ`Zkj`e8]^_Xe`jkXe#n_`Z__\\ogcX`e\[Xj
ZcXj_\jY\kn\\e_`jd`c`kXipmXcl\jXe[_`jmXcl\jXjXelij\Xe[X_ldXeY\`e^%=fiE`\cj#
`knXj`dd\[`Xk\cpZc\Xik_Xk_\nXjZfe]ifek\[YpmXcl\ZfeÐ`Zkj`klXk`fej%@e9fYÆjZXj\#`k
j\\dj_`j\og\i`\eZ\f]ZfeÐ`ZknXjZfdgfle[\[Ypk_\]XZkk_XkXZhlX`ekXeZ\jXe[d\[`X
jl^^\jk\[_\_X[[fe\nife^%
DXep fk_\i m\k\iXej i\Zflek\[ j`d`cXi mXcl\ ZfeÐ`Zkj% ;lkZ_YXk @@@ m\k\iXe ;XXe#
]fi`ejkXeZ\#nXj`ek_\GfkfĻXi`Zfdgfle[n_\ek_\jki\Xdf]i\]l^\\jgfli\[`e%K_\
Zfdgfle[#jffeÏcc\[n`k__ldXe]\Z\j#nXj]XikffjdXcckf_flj\Xcck_\i\]l^\\j#jfk_\
[\Z`j`fenXjkXb\ekfc\kfecpk_\nfle[\[#k_\\c[\icp#Xe[nfd\eXe[Z_`c[i\e`e1
@dX^`e\#`knXj+'[\^i\\j%@knXjYf`c`e^_fk#Yf`c`e^_fk%G\fgc\gi\jj\[X^X`ejkfe\
Xefk_\i#X^X`ejknXccj#Xcckf^\k_\i%K\ii`Ï\[%K\iifi`ek_\`i\p\j%@Æd^f`e^kf[`\#k_\j\
g\fgc\k_fl^_k%?\cgd\#_\cgd\%Fc[d\e#nfd\e#gXjj\[flk%Jf#@k_i\nk_\d`ekf
k_\n_\\cYXiifnXe[[ifm\Rk_\dkfk_\Zfdgfle[T%Pfl[`[n_XkpflZflc[%» 8kk_Xk
gf`ek#pflÆi\[f`e^`kXccnife^%<m\ipk_`e^%» PflZXeÆkZ_ffj\Y\kn\\efe\_ldXec`]\
Xe[Xefk_\i%Jfp\j#pflXcnXpj[fk_\nife^k_`e^%
;XXejk`ccm`m`[cpi\d\dY\ij#Å`knXjfe\Y`^d\jjÆ%
M\k\iXejÆXZZflekjf]mXcl\ZfeÐ`Zk\Z_fXn\cc$befneZfek\ek`fe`edfiXcg_`cfjfg_p1
\m\en_\eXe`e[`m`[lXc_XjdX[\k_\Y\jkgfjj`Yc\[\Z`j`fe`ek_\]XZ\f]XdfiXchlXe[Xip#
k_`j [f\j efk dXb\ k_\ [\Z`j`fe Åi`^_kÆ# Y\ZXlj\ X mXcl\ _Xj jk`cc Y\\e kiXej^i\jj\[ \%^%
N`cc`Xdj(0.*#?lijk_flj\(000#K\jjdXe)'(+ %6 In other words, even when an individual
^\kjk_\`i_Xe[j[`ikp]fik_\i`^_ki\Xjfe#k_`j[f\jefkZ_Xe^\k_\]XZkk_Xkk_\pefn_Xm\
Å[`ikp_Xe[jÆZ]%NXcq\i(0.*#N`aq\)'', %@e[\\[#k_fl^_m\k\iXejn_f\og\i`\eZ\[mXcl\
ZfeÐ`Zkbe\nk_\pZflc[efk_Xm\Xmf`[\[m`fcXk`e^XmXcl\#k_`j[`[efkkXb\XnXpk_\gX`e]lc
6 H\]g]gk\m=Ujc]Xh\YhYfaÃacfU`X]`YaaUÄUbXigYh\Y`YgggdYW]ɕWÃeiUbXUfmÄUbXÃWcbɘ]WhÄ"=bh\YYh\]Wg`]hYfUhifY acfU`X]`YaaUhmd]WU``mfYZYfghcg]hiUh]cbg]bk\]W\bY]h\Yfcdh]cb]gVYɛYfcfkcfgYh\Ubh\Ych\Yf"K\YbYjYfcbYWUb
make a best-possible decision, the situation is not a ‘dilemma’.
94
DUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh7\UdhYf*AcfU`8]gcf]YbhUh]cbUbX9h\]WU`Ghfi[[`Yg
i\Xc`qXk`fek_Xkfk_\ij_X[Y\\enife^\[Y\ZXlj\f]n_Xkk_\p_X[fi_X[efk[fe\%K_\p
]\ckk_\p_X[[fe\k_\`iY\jk#YlkXcjf]\ckk_\p_X[[fe\nife^%
K_\m\k\iXejn_f\og\i`\eZ\[mXcl\ZfeÐ`Zk`ej`klXk`fejf]_ldXejlɕ\i`e^j\\d\[
leXYc\kfaljk`]pk_\j\ZfeÐ`Zkjn`k_k_\`ek\igi\kXk`fej[`jZljj\[`ek_\gi\m`fljZ_Xgk\i%
Effe\jX`[#]fi`ejkXeZ\#k_Xkk_\pÅaljk_X[kf]fccfnfi[\ijÆ%K_\_`^_$jkXb\j`klXk`fej]fiZ\[
k_\dkfZ_ffj\Y\kn\\e`eZfdgXk`Yc\dfiXcZfdd`kd\ekj#Xkc\Xjk`ek_\`i\og\i`\eZ\#Xe[
k_\]XZkk_Xkfe\dfiXcZfdd`kd\ekZfeÐ`Zk\[n`k_Xefk_\i[`[efkdXb\\`k_\ife\c\jjf]
XdfiXci\hl`i\d\ek%K_\pZflc[efkÅjfcm\ÆjlZ_j`klXk`fej\`k_\iYpZ\ikX`eY\_Xm`fifiYp
`ek\igi\k`e^k_\d`eXZ\ikX`enXp%
Moral Overwhelmedness/Detachment
8 j\Zfe[ k_\d\ k_\ `ek\im`\n\[ m\k\iXej i\cXk\[ `emfcm\j gXiX[fo% K_\j\ \og\i`\eZ\j
ZfeZ\iedfiXc[\kXZ_d\eki\jlck`e^]ifdY\`e^_`^_cpXɕ\Zk\[Ypk_\dfiXcj`^e`ÏZXeZ\
f]Xj`klXk`fe#Xkc\Xjk`e`k`Xccp%@k`jX]fidf][\e`Xc#n_`Z_fZZlijn_\efe\`jmX^l\cpXnXi\
k_Xkjfd\k_`e^`jjffm\in_\cd`e^k_Xkfe\Z_ffj\jkfjn`kZ_fɕkfgifk\Zkfe\j\c]%N_`c\
Xccm\k\iXeji\gfik\[jlZ_Xd\Z_Xe`jdkf^i\Xk\ific\jj\i[\^i\\#k_fj\n_f]fle[k_\
\og\i`\eZ\gX`e]lc_X[j\\e_fn`kdX[\k_\dfifk_\ij\e^X^\`en_Xkk_\pnflc[cXk\i
Zfd\kfg\iZ\`m\XjZil\cY\_Xm`fi%
DXepm\k\iXeji\Zflek\[j_fZb`e^Zfe]ifekXk`fej`ej`klXk`fejn_\i\XccZfdgXjj`fe
]fi]\ccfn_ldXejj\\d\[kf_Xm\[`jXgg\Xi\[#Xe[Xccg\fgc\ZXi\[]finXjk_\dj\cm\j%
9fY# ]fi `ejkXeZ\# _X[ j\\e _fn ki\d\e[flj ]\Xi dX[\ g\fgc\ XYXe[fe \c[\icp ]Xd`cp
d\dY\ij%?\_X[^fe\k_ifl^_k`d\j_`dj\c]n_\eXcc_\k_fl^_kXYflknXjjkXp`e^Xc`m\%
E`\cj#j`d`cXicp#_X[n`ke\jj\[_fn`e_ldXe\j\m\i\gfm\ikpdX[\g\fgc\i\jfikkfn_Xk
_\g\iZ\`m\[Xj`e_ldXe\Y\_Xm`fi#Xe[_\_X[]fle[_`dj\c]k_`eb`e^k_XkXcc_\nXek\[
nXjkfdXb\`k_fd\`efe\g`\Z\%8^X`e#dXepfk_\im\k\iXeji\cXk\[jlZ_\og\i`\eZ\j%
;lkZ_jfc[`\i&efm\c`jkIf\c\e#]fi`ejkXeZ\#nifk\fe_`jYcf^k_Xkk_\i\Å`jefifdXeZ\fi
_ldXe`kp`enXi%@enXi#g\fgc\Ï^_kXe[jlɕ\i%<k_`Zj`jXclolipn_`Z_[`\jX_\iffek_\
YXɝc\Ï\c[`ek_\Ï^_kkfjlim`m\ÆIf\c\e)'('#g%(#kiXejcXk`feKD %
:fej`[\iXcjfk_\\og\i`\eZ\f];lkZ_YXk@@@m\k\iXe<c`jX#k_\eXgi`mXk\%@e_\i`ek\im`\n#
j_\jk`ccm`m`[cpi\d\dY\i\[_fnÅd\iZ`c\jjÆj_\Y\ZXd\fe_\i[\gcfpd\ek%?\ijpdgXk_p
]fik_\Z_`c[i\e`eJi\Yi\e`ZXjcfncpZ_Xe^\[`ekf`e[`ɕ\i\eZ\#Xe[j_\Y\^XedXb`e^afb\j
j_\efn[\Ïe\[XjÅZil\cÆ%=fi`ejkXeZ\#jfd\k`d\jj_\nflc[k_ifnXj`e^c\jn\\kXkX^iflg
f]Z_`c[i\ejfk_Xkk_\pnflc[aldgfe\XZ_fk_\iXe[Ï^_k]fi`k%ÅN\n\i\_Xij_#\oki\d\cp
_Xij_Æ#j_\Zfdd\ek\[cXk\i%N_\ek_\GfkfĻXi`Zfdgfle[nXjÐff[\[n`k_i\]l^\\j#<c`jX
Xe[j\m\iXcZfcc\X^l\j[`jki`Ylk\[]ff[kfXZifn[f]nfd\ejkXe[`e^Y\_`e[Xifg\#n_f
k_\pZXcc\[ÅZXɝc\Æ%ÅK_\pZlij\[#jZi\Xd\[Xe[jgXk`epfli]XZ\Y\ZXlj\k_\pnXek\[dfi\%
Sometimes we had to push them back with the rope, and then the women in the back would ]Xcckfk_\^ifle[%N\aljkcXl^_\[Æ%@e<c`jXÆji\Zfcc\Zk`fe#j_\[`[Xcck_`jY\ZXlj\j_\_X[
Y\Zfd\ÅZfdgc\k\cp`ej\ej`k`m\Æ%CXk\ij_\ZXd\kfle[\ijkXe[_\i`ej\ej`k`m`kpXjXnXpÅkf
b\\gdpj\c]lgÆ#YlkefnZXeefk`dX^`e\_fnj_\Zflc[\m\i_Xm\Y\_Xm\[c`b\k_Xk%
95
Chapter 6 Moral Disorientation and Ethical StrugglesDUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh
@_\Xi[dXepjkfi`\jc`b\k_\j\#XYflk_fnXjkXk\f]dfiXc[\kXZ_d\ekc\[kfY\_Xm`fi
k_Xkm\k\iXejnflc[cXk\iZfd\kfj\\Xj`e_ldXe\%7 At the same time, it is relevant to note, dfjkf]k_\j\m\k\iXejb\gkfekip`e^kf_\cgfk_\ij%9fYki`\[kfkXb\g\fgc\n`k__`d`e
k_\Ð`^_kkfGfkfĻXi`2E`\cjb\gkfeki\Xk`e^j`ZbXe[`eali\[cfZXcj2<c`jX[`jki`Ylk\[]ff[
kf nfd\e% K_\j\ m\k\iXejÆ k\dgfiXip ÅdfiXc [`j\e^X^\d\ekÆ Á Xj 9Xe[liX (000# )'') ]XdfljcpZXcc\[`kÁnXjefkXdXɝ\if]XZfdgc\k\Xe[kfkXc]X`cli\kfi\Zf^e`q\k_\dfiXc
Xjg\Zkjf]Z\ikX`ej`klXk`fej%K_\m\k\iXeje\m\iY\ZXd\\ek`i\cpXgXk_\k`Z#n_`Z_`ji\c\mXek
kf efk\ Y\ZXlj\ `k _\cgj kf Y\ɝ\i le[\ijkXe[ n_p dXep ]\\c k_Xk k_\p Zflc[ Xe[ j_flc[
_Xm\Y\_Xm\[[`ɕ\i\ekcp%K_\pÅklie\[XYc`e[\p\Æ#`kZflc[Y\jX`[#n_`Z_`je\`k_\i\ek`i\cp
[\c`Y\iXk\efi`emfclekXip%@k`emfcm\jY\`e^ÅmX^l\cpXnXi\k_Xkn\Z_fj\efkkfcffbXkk_\
]XZkjn`k_flkY\`e^ZfejZ`fljf]n_Xk`k`jn\Xi\\mX[`e^ÆJk\`e\i(0/,#g%(-( %@ek_`jZXj\#
k_\[\e`Xcf]k_\dfiXcXjg\Zkjf]Xj`klXk`fe`jXgXik`Xc[\e`Xc>iXjj`Xe`)''0#g%(++ 2`k`j
XgXiX[fof]Åbefn`e^Xe[efkbefn`e^Xkk_\jXd\k`d\Æ:f_\e)''(#g%), %K_\XZZflekj
f]dXepm\k\iXejj\\dkfZfem\p\oXZkcpk_`jd\Z_Xe`jd%K_\`i[\jZi`gk`fejj_fnXj\c]$
8 k_`i[ fɘ\e$_\Xi[ k_\d\ i\cXk\[ kf k_\ XYfm\ `j j\ej\c\jje\jj% Fe [\gcfpd\ek# 9fY
i\d\dY\ijXjb`e^_`dj\c]Ån_XkXd@[f`e^_\i\6Æ#Xe[k_`eb`e^ÅY\`e^_\i\`jefej\ej\Æ%
J`d`cXicp#E`\cj]\ckk_Xkk_\`igi\j\eZ\`e8]^_Xe`jkXenXjÅlj\c\jjÆ#Xe[]fle[dXepk_`e^j
_\\eZflek\i\[dX[\Åefj\ej\Æ%Lɝ\i`e^jkXk\d\ekjc`b\k_\j\#9fY#E`\cjXe[dXepfk_\i
m\k\iXej\ogi\jj\[]\\c`e^jf]j\ej\c\jje\jj`eXknf]fc[dXee\i%=`ijk#Xe`eXY`c`kpkfj\\
7 I have not been able to convincingly verify the following, but according to rumor, several Dutchbat II soldiers gave local W\]`XfYb]bGfYVfYb]WUÃhfYUhgÄh\UhkYfYUWhiU``m^Ua!WcjYfYXZiY`hUV`YhgB=C8&$$& d"%&(,"5`gc =\UjYVYYbhc`Xh\Uh
8ihW\VUh===gc`X]YfgfYWY]jYXcfU`gYlZfca`cWU`kcaYbÃZcfɕjYW][UfYɛYgÄ"K]h\fYgdYWhhcH:Igc`X]Yfg =\UjYVYYbhc`X
that colleagues spat on local children throwing stones at them, and colleagues slapped children who kept trying to climb cbh\Y]fjY\]W`YgXif]b[dUhfc`g"BcbYcZh\YjYhYfUbg=gdc_Yk]h\gU]Xh\Ym\UXXcbYgiW\h\]b[gh\YagY`jYg dYf\Udg
VYWUigYbcbY\UXUWhiU``mXcbYgc dYf\UdgVYWUigYh\YmX]XbchkUbhhcUW_bck`YX[Yh\Uhh\Ym\UX"=bh\Y`UɛYfWUgY ]h
is conceivable that some behaviors remain too hard to admit to others, possibly even to oneself. Some veterans told me that indeed they were not yet ready to talk about ‘some things’ they had experienced.
96
DUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh7\UdhYf*AcfU`8]gcf]YbhUh]cbUbX9h\]WU`Ghfi[[`Yg
k_\gligfj\f]dXepk_`e^jk_\pjXnXe[[`[#Xe[j\Zfe[#Xe`eXY`c`kpkfdXb\j\ej\f]k_fj\
k_`e^j%
K_\j\ej\c\jje\jjdXepm\k\iXej[\jZi`Y\[i\ZXccjC`ɘfeÆjnfibfeLJM`\keXdm\k\iXej
C`ɘfe(0.* %K_\m\k\iXejk_XkC`ɘfejgfb\kfn\i\Zfe]ifek\[`eM`\keXdYpXi\Xc`kpk_Xk
ZfekiXjk\[ [iXjk`ZXccp n`k_ k_\ Xjjldgk`fej Xe[ gi\k\ej\j fe n_`Z_ k_\ nXi nXj YXj\[%
KfZfg\n`k_k_\XYjli[`kpXe[d\Xe`e^c\jje\jjf]k_\j`klXk`fek_\pn\i\`e#k_\pY\^Xe
gi\k\e[`e^k_Xk`knXjjfd\k_`e^k_\pXZklXccpbe\n`knXjefk%CXk\ik_\pi\Zflek\[k_Xk
k_\p_X[Y\\eÅc`b\YfpjgcXp`e^jfc[`\ijÆ#gi\k\e[`e^kf[fX^ff[afYf]b`cc`e^C`ɘfe(0.*#
g%(-/ %Fei\klie`e^_fd\#k_\pZXd\kfj\\k_\nXiXe[k_\`ifnegXik`Z`gXk`fe`e`kXj
ÅZflek\i]\`kÆ
K_\ gi\m`flj Z_Xgk\i j_fn\[ k_Xk dXep f] k_\ `ek\im`\n\[ m\k\iXej# Xk c\Xjk `e`k`Xccp#
k\e[\[kf[`jd`jjgfc`k`ZXcXe[fk_\i`ekXe^`Yc\^fXcjXjefe\f]k_\`iYlj`e\jj%IXk_\ik_Xe
glijl`e^jlZ_^fXcj#k_\pki`\[kfÏe[d\Xe`e^`ek_\[`i\Zkcpj`^e`ÏZXekXZkf]Y\`e^XYc\
ÅkfglkdpkiX`e`e^`ekfgiXZk`Z\Æ#Xe[jfd\k`d\j#`eY\`e^XYc\Åkf^`m\Xkc\Xjkfe\g\ijfe
Xjd`c\fek_\`i]XZ\Æ%@kj\\dj#k_\e#k_Xkjfc[`\ij[fefke\Z\jjXi`cpe\\[kf]\\ck_Xkk_\`i
afY _Xj X cXi^\i gligfj\% 9p [\Ïe`e^ fk_\i g\ijfeXc ^fXcj# k_\p ZXe jk`cc Ïe[ gligfj\ `e
k_\`infib%?fn\m\i#dXepXZZflekjj_fnk_Xkk_\m\k\iXejn\i\fɘ\eleXYc\kfglkk_\`i
kiX`e`e^`ekfgiXZk`Z\#fiXZklXccpdXb\g\fgc\jd`c\%9fY_X[Y\\eleXYc\kf[f_`jkXjbj
figifk\Zkg\fgc\`ee\\[#Xe[E`\cjnXjleXYc\kfc`m\lgkfk_\fXk__\kffbXjXelij\%
9fY#E`\cjXe[dXepfk_\ijklie\[flkkfY\`eZXgXYc\f][f`e^n_Xkk_\p_X[\og\Zk\[%
@ejk\X[#k_\p\og\i`\eZ\[mXcl\ZfeÐ`ZkjXe[dfiXc[\kXZ_d\ek%,8jXi\jlck#k_\pY\^Xe
Xjb`e^k_\dj\cm\j#ÅN_XkXi\n\XZklXccp[f`e^_\i\6Æ%
N_\e fe\ `j Zfe]ifek\[ Yp dfiXccp [`jkliY`e^ \og\i`\eZ\j jlZ_ Xj mXcl\ ZfeÐ`Zk Xe[
dfiXc[\kXZ_d\ekXe[k_\i\`jef[`i\Zkd\Xe`e^kfÏe[`ek_\j\\og\i`\eZ\j#Xefm\iXiZ_`e^
gligfj\j\\djkfY\Zfd\e\Z\jjXip#jfk_Xkfe\Æj\og\i`\eZ\jXi\jk`ccd\Xe`e^]lc%?fn\m\i#
jfd\k`d\j#k_\i\`jeffm\iXiZ_`e^gligfj\fii`^_k\flje\jj%@ek_`jZXj\#C`ɘfejl^^\jkj
(0.* #k_\fecpfgk`fec\ɘkfÏe[g\XZ\dXpY\kfXZbefnc\[^\Xe[Zfe[\dek_\Zfdgc\k\
j\ej\c\jje\jjf]Xj`klXk`fe%P\k#g\fgc\Xk_fd\dXpb\\g_fc[`e^fekfn_Xkm\k\iXejj\\
Xjaljk`]p`e^i_\kfi`Z%:fej\hl\ekcp#m\k\iXejdXp]\\ck_Xkk_\ÅZflek\i]\`kle`m\ij\Æ`jefk
aljkÅfm\ik_\i\Æ`ek_\nXi#Ylkfde`gi\j\ek`ek_\nfic[kfn_`Z_k_\p_Xm\i\klie\[C`ɘfe
(0.*#j\\XcjfJ_Xp(00+ %
@e[\\[#dXep`ek\im`\n\[m\k\iXej]\ckk_Xkk_\`id`jj`fenXjÅfe\Y`^Z_XiX[\Æ9fYÆj
nfi[j # Åfe\ Y`^ ]XiZ\Æ E`\cjÆ nfi[j # Ågi\k\e[ gcXpÆ Xe[ ÅX glgg\k j_fnÆ k_\ nfi[j f]
Zflekc\jjm\k\iXej %Jfd\[i\njfd\_fg\]ifdk_\c`ɝc\k_`e^jk_\pZflc[[f#Ylkk_\p
i\dX`e\[leXYc\kf^`m\d\Xe`e^kfk_\jlɕ\i`e^k_\p_X[n`ke\jj\[fiZXlj\[Ypkp`e^`k
kfXcXi^\igligfj\%Efe\f]`kdX[\j\ej\kfk_\d%8kk_\jXd\k`d\#gfc`k`ZXcc\X[\ijXe[
, In these circumstances, even the slightest gesture made a great impact. To take Bob’s story as an example. He had been XYYd`m acjYX k\Yb h\Y Aig`]a Vcm [UjY \]a \]g W][UfYɛYg" 6cV gYYag hc \UjY YldYf]YbWYX h\Y [YghifY Ug U gcfh cZ
understanding or forgiveness, or human kindness at least. At the same time, it underscored the unfairness of the situation.
7cbg]XYf U`gc h\Y UWWcibh cZ 8ihW\VUh === jYhYfUb 8UUb k\c fcXY Y`XYf`m dYcd`Y ]b U k\YY`VUffck hc h\Y DchcIJUf]
compound. When children and women were deported by bus, Daan broke into a kitchen cupboard, stole a box of candy and started handing the candy out to the children. ‘It was nothing, completely nothing. But it was something’, Daan stammered k\YbfYWcibh]b[h\]g"8]ghf]Vih]b[WUbXmgYYaghc\UjYVYYb\]gXYgdYfUhYUɛYadhÃhc[]jYUh`YUghcbYdYfgcbUga]`Ycb
h\Y]fZUWYÄ"5hh\YgUaYh]aY \]gUɛYadhaUXYaUb]ZYghh\YiɛYfUVgifX]hmcZh\Yg]hiUh]cb"=b8UUbÄgkcfXg.ÃH\YgY_]Xg U``ga]`]b[ ga]`]b[ZUWYg Uhh\UhjYfmacaYbhh\Uhh\YmkYfYk]hbYggYghch\Y[fYUhYghXfUaU"IbVY`]YjUV`YÄ"
97
Chapter 6 Moral Disorientation and Ethical StrugglesDUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh
g\fgc\Xk_fd\[`[j\\dkf_fc[fekfk_\m`\nk_Xk`k[`[dXb\j\ej\#Ypc\ɝ`e^k_\dZXiip
fen`k_k_\d`jj`feXj`knXjfiYpjXp`e^k_Xkk_`e^jnflc[_Xm\klie\[flkn\cc`]fecpk_\p
_X[[fe\jfd\k_`e^[`ɕ\i\ekcp%8jXi\jlck#efkfecpk_\`i\og\i`\eZ\f]mXcl\ZfeÐ`ZkXe[
dfiXc[\kXZ_d\ekdX[\efj\ej\kfk_\d#Ylkfekfgf]k_Xk#`kdX[\efj\ej\k_Xkg\fgc\
Xk_fd\gi\k\e[\[k_XkXccf]`k[`[dXb\j\ej\%
AcfU`:U]`ifYUbXAcfU`8]gcf]YbhUh]cb
?fn ZXe \og\i`\eZ\j f] mXcl\ ZfeÐ`Zk# dfiXc [\kXZ_d\ek Xe[ j\ej\c\jje\jj _Xm\ jlZ_
X gif]fle[ `dgXZk fe Xe `e[`m`[lXcÆj c`]\6 8e[ n_Xk `dgXZk6 @e k_\ gi\m`flj Z_Xgk\i# @
[`jZljj\[ _fn m\k\iXej Åi\jfcm\[Æ gfk\ek`Xc k\ej`fej n`k_ le\hl`mfZXc `ek\igi\kXk`fej%
N_`c\k_\j\n\i\jfd\k`d\j`eZfej`jk\ek#k_\]XZkk_Xkk_\pn\i\k`\[kfj\gXiXk\j`klXk`fej
fij\cm\j\eXYc\[m\k\iXejkfdX`ekX`eXj\ej\f]Zf_\i\eZ\Xe[Zfej`jk\eZp%@eZfekiXjk#
k_\ XZZflekj [\jZi`Y\[ `e k_`j Z_Xgk\i i\m\Xc k_\ `ek\im`\n\[ m\k\iXejÆ `eXY`c`kp kf lj\
le\hl`mfZXc `ek\igi\kXk`fej Xe[ k_lj k_\`i `eXY`c`kp kf i\jfcm\ \og\i`\eZ\j f] ZfeÐ`Zk%
9\cfn#@alokXgfj\dpÏe[`e^jfek_\`dgXZkf]k_`j`eXY`c`kpn`k_k_\Zlii\ekZfeZ\gkf]
dfiXc`ealipXe[g_`cfjfg_`ZXcg\ijg\Zk`m\jfedfiXcZfeÐ`Zk%K_`jc\X[jd\kfXi^l\k_Xk
`ii\jfcmXYc\dfiXcZfeÐ`ZkdXpi\jlck`en_Xk@ZXccÅdfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`feÆ%
Kfi\ZXg#k_\Zlii\ekZfeZ\gkf]dfiXc`ealip[\jZi`Y\jdfiXccp`eali`flj\og\i`\eZ\jXj
XZfeÐ`ZkY\kn\\eXg\ijfeÆjdfiXcY\c`\]jXe[XeXZkf]kiXej^i\jj`fe%@k`jgfjklcXk\[k_Xk
n_\eXe\m\ek`jiX[`ZXccp[`jZi\gXekn`k_Xg\ijfeÆjÅXjjldgk`fejXe[Y\c`\]jXYflki`^_k
Xe[nife^Xe[g\ijfeXc^ff[e\jjÆC`kqet al%)''0#g%-0/ #k_\g\ijfen`cc\og\i`\eZ\j\m\i\
[`jjfeXeZ\%K_Xk`j#XZkjf]kiXej^i\jj`fegif[lZ\[`jjfeXeZ\Y\ZXlj\g\fgc\[fdX`ekX`e
ÅXe `ekXZk dfiXc Y\c`\] jpjk\dÆ )''0# g% .'( % ;`jjfeXeZ\ Zflc[ \d\i^\# ]fi `ejkXeZ\#
Y\kn\\ek_\Y\c`\]Å@XdX^ff[g\ijfeÆXe[k_\]XZkk_XkÅ@[`[jfd\k_`e^le]fi^`mXYc\Æ%JlZ_
[`jjfeXeZ\#`k`jXi^l\[#fɘ\ei\jlckj`ej\c]$Zfe[\deXk`fe#Xcfjjf]kiljk`ek_\ZXgXZ`kp
kfY\^ff[Xe[k_lj`ej\c]$gle`j_`e^Y\_Xm`fiXe[&fi\ɕfikjkfÏ^_kg\iZ\`m\[ `ealjk`Z\
EXj_ Xe[ C`kq )'(*# )'(* % K_\ ZfeZ\gk f] dfiXc `ealip \ogc`Z`kcp [\m`Xk\j ]ifd df[\cj
k_Xkki\Xk^l`ckXe[YcXd\Xjk_\i\jlckf]`iiXk`feXck_fl^_kjXe[`eXggifgi`Xk\\dfk`fej%
@ejk\X[#`k`jZfej`[\i\[Å`dgfikXekkfXggi\Z`Xk\k_Xk_fc[`e^fekfk_\`[\Xf]XdfiXcj\c]
fiXdfiXcZf[\dXpi\hl`i\k_XkXYX[XZkY\al[^\[XjjlZ_Æ)''0#g%.'* %:\ekiXc`ek_\
k_\iXgpgifgfj\[#k_\i\]fi\#`j]fi^`m\e\jjÁ\`k_\if]k_\j\c]fif]fk_\ijÁXe[XZZfi[`e^cp#
k_\XZZ\gkXeZ\f]`dg\i]\Zk`fe%@ek\^iXk`e^XdfiXckiXej^i\jj`fe`ekffe\ÆjdfiXcY\c`\]
jpjk\d\%^%Å@XdX^ff[g\ijfe#Ylk@[fdXb\d`jkXb\jÆ2Åk_\nfic[`jY\e\mfc\ek#Ylkefk
XYjfclk\cpÆ nflc[i\[lZ\k_\\og\i`\eZ\f]ZfeÐ`ZkjlZ_k_Xkfe\nflc[Y\XYc\kfdX`ekX`e
ÅXe`ekXZk#Xck_fl^_dfi\Ð\o`Yc\#]leZk`feXcY\c`\]jpjk\dÆC`kqet al%)''0#g%.'( %
@edXepnXpj#k_\jkfi`\jf]k_\`ek\im`\n\[m\k\iXej]Xcc`ec`e\n`k_k_\Zlii\ekZfeZ\gk
f]dfiXc`ealip%DXepjgfb\f]ZfeÐ`Zkk_Xklej\ɝc\[k_\dfiXcY\c`\]jXe[\og\ZkXk`fej
k_\p _X[ _\c[ gi`fi kf k_\`i [\gcfpd\ek% DXep jkil^^c\[ n`k_ gif]fle[ ^l`ck% DXep
[\m\cfg\[X[\j`i\kf_\cgg\fgc\XjXnXpkfdXb\i\gXiXk`fejfij`dgcpY\ZXlj\k_\pZflc[
efkjkXe[`ealjk`Z\jXepcfe^\i%Jfd\m\k\iXejXcjfklie\[kfj\c]$_XidXjX]fidf]dXb`e^
Xd\e[j%8kk_\jXd\k`d\#dXepY\ZXd\jfÏoXk\[fe`ealjk`Z\k_Xkk_\pY\^Xei\jgfe[`e^
98
DUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh7\UdhYf*AcfU`8]gcf]YbhUh]cbUbX9h\]WU`Ghfi[[`Yg
kf jdXcc g\iZ\`m\[ `ealjk`Z\j n`k_ \oX^^\iXk\[ Xe^\i# jfd\k`d\j n`k_ X^^i\jj`fe% DXep
fi Zfe]lj`fe `dgc`Z`kcp Xe[ g\i_Xgj leZfejZ`fljcp# lɝ\i`e^ XdY`mXc\ek# \m\e ZfeÐ`Zk`e^
`ek\igi\kXk`fej f] k_\`i \og\i`\eZ\% =fi `ejkXeZ\# jfd\ m\k\iXej ZfejkXekcp jn`kZ_\[
Y\kn\\ejXp`e^Å@[`[nife^ÆXe[Å@[`[eÆk[fXepk_`e^nife^Æ%>\e\iXccp#jfd\\ogi\jj\[
g\fgc\ `ekf d`j\ip6 K_\ jkfi`\j f] 9fY Xe[ fk_\i m\k\iXej Zfem\p\[ Xcc jfikj f] \k_`ZXc
hl\jk`fej%?fnkf[fi`^_kn_\e]fiZ\[kfZ_ffj\Y\kn\\eknf\m`cj6N_Xk[fi`^_kXe[
nife^d\Xe`ek_\YXɝc\]fijlim`mXc6N_Xk`j^ff[e\jjn_\e`kfecpZfeÏidjk_\\m`ce\jj
f]Xj`klXk`fe6NXj@X^ff[jfc[`\i#Xe[`jY\`e^X^ff[jfc[`\ii\Xccp^ff[6;fdp^l`ckXe[
fk_\infii`\jdXb\d\X^ff[fiXYX[jfc[`\i#Xe[X^ff[fiXYX[_ldXeY\`e^6N_Xk[f
^ff[Xe[YX[\m\ed\Xe6
F] Zflij\# m\k\iXejÆ jkXk\d\ekj f] efe$^l`ck Zflc[ aljk Y\ n_Xk k_\p k\cc k_\dj\cm\j#
n_`c\k_\`ijkXk\[^l`ck`jn_Xkk_\pi\XccpY\c`\m\#fim`Z\m\ijX%P\k#b\\g`e^k_\\jkXYc`j_\[
k_\fi\k`ZXc`ej`^_k`ed`e[k_XkdfiXc`kp`jefk_Xidfe`fljYlkÅd\jjpÆ#@gifgfj\Xefk_\i
m`\n%@Zfek\e[k_Xk`edXepZXj\j#m\k\iXejÆ\ogi\jj`fejf]^l`ckXe[efe$^l`ckdXpboth Y\Zfej`[\i\[^\el`e\#\m\ek_fl^_k_\pZfeÐ`Zk#Y\ZXlj\n_\e\og\i`\eZ`e^`ii\jfcmXYc\
dfiXcZfeÐ`Zk#`kdXb\jj\ej\kf]\\c^l`ckpXe[efk^l`ckpXkk_\jXd\k`d\%
K\jjdXe)'(+ ZXccj`ii\jfcmXYc\dfiXcZfeÐ`Zkj`klXk`fejf]ÅleXmf`[XYc\dfiXc]X`cli\Æ#
n_`Z_ [f\j j\\d X dfi\ X[\hlXk\ k\id ]fi `ii\jfcmXYc\ dfiXc ZfeÐ`Zkj k_Xe nfi[j jlZ_
Xj ÅkiXej^i\jj`feÆ fi Ånife^[f`e^Æ% 8j jl^^\jk\[# n_\e `e[`m`[lXcj Xi\ ]fiZ\[ kf Z_ffj\
Y\kn\\eknf\m`cj#k_\pdXpefkZfej`[\ik_\dj\cm\jYcXd\nfik_pYlkdXpjk`cc]\\ck_Xk
k_\p_Xm\]X`c\[dfiXccp%<m\e`]k_\pbefnk_\pdX[\k_\Y\jkZ_f`Z\gfjj`Yc\#k_`j[f\jefk
kXb\XnXpk_\]\\c`e^k_Xkk_\p_Xm\m`fcXk\[XdfiXci\hl`i\d\ek#Xe[\m\e`]k_\pbefn
99
Chapter 6 Moral Disorientation and Ethical StrugglesDUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh
k_\p_X[efZ_f`Z\n_Xkjf\m\i#`k[f\jefkkXb\XnXpk_\]\\c`e^k_Xkk_\p]X`c\[kfXZklgfe
k_\`imXcl\j%J`d`cXicp#n_\ek_\\efid`kpf]fk_\ig\fgc\Æjjlɕ\i`e^#k_\fne]\\c`e^f]
_\cgc\jje\jj Xe[ `ejk`eZk ]fi j\c]$gi\j\imXk`fe klie `e[`m`[lXcj kf `e[`ɕ\i\eZ\# k_\p dXp
Zfej`[\i`kle[\ijkXe[XYc\`ek_\c`^_kf]k_\Z`iZldjkXeZ\j#g\i_Xgj\m\eleXmf`[XYc\#p\k#
k_\pdXpjk`cc]\\ck_Xkk_\p]X`c\[kfXZk`eXdfiXccpi\jgfej`Yc\nXp%- Moreover, having
\og\i`\eZ\[ `e\jZXgXYc\ dfiXc ]X`cli\# `e[`m`[lXcj dXp ]\\c k_Xk k_\`i Y\c`\] `e i`^_k Xe[
nife^]X`c\[them%
F]efk\#`kZ\ikX`ecpZXeY\Xe[`j [\YXk\[n_\k_\i`ii\jfcmXYc\dfiXcZfeÐ`Zkjkilcp
\o`jk`eXefYa\Zk`m\j\ej\#Xe[`]jf#n_\k_\i`k`jcf^`ZXckf\og\i`\eZ\e\^Xk`m\]\\c`e^j
Xɘ\iXeleXmf`[XYc\]X`cli\j\\\%^%N`cc`Xdj(0.*#DXiZlj(0/'#K\jjdXe)'(+#9iXe[\eYli^
)'(/ %@dljk\dg_Xj`q\k_Xkn_\e@jg\Xbf]dfiXcZfeÐ`ZkXe[dfiXc]X`cli\#@[fefk`ek\e[
kf dXb\ fYa\Zk`m\ jkXk\d\ekj XYflk dfiXc`kp% IXk_\i# @ jg\Xb XYflk dfiXc experience% Jf#
n_\k_\ifiefk`ii\jfcmXYc\dfiXc[`c\ddXj\o`jkfYa\Zk`m\cp#`e_ldXe\og\i`\eZ\k_\p[f%
8e[#efdXɝ\in_\k_\ik_\e\^Xk`m\]\\c`e^j]fccfn`e^XdfiXc[`c\ddXXi\`ccf^`ZXc#`k[f\j
efkd\Xek_Xkk_\pXi\le]fle[\[2k_\pXi\]fle[\[n_\ele[\ijkff[]ifdk_\g\ijg\Zk`m\
f]_ldXe\og\i`\eZ\%
K_\ ZfeÐ`Zkj \og\i`\eZ\[ Yp k_\ `ek\im`\n\[ m\k\iXej ZXeefk Y\ i\[lZ\[ `e k_\ nXp
k_Xkk_\Zlii\ekZfeZ\gkf]dfiXc`ealipjl^^\jkj%@ek_\Zlii\ekZfeZ\gk#dfiXcZfeÐ`Zk`j
le[\ijkff[XjXZfeÐ`ZkY\kn\\eXg\ijfeÆjdfiXcY\c`\]jf]^ff[e\jjXe[Xele\hl`mfZXc
\og\i`\eZ\ f] nife^[f`e^% 8ZZfi[`e^cp# XZZ\gk`e^ Y\`e^ X ^ff[ p\k `dg\i]\Zk g\ijfe `j
g\iZ\`m\[XjXnXpkfi\[lZ\k_\ZfeÐ`Zk%?fn\m\i#k_\ZfeÐ`Zkjk_\`ek\im`\n\[m\k\iXej
)'', jl^^\jkjk_\efk`fef]ÅkiX^`Z$i\dfij\Æ#n_`Z_#_\jXpj#[`ɕ\ij]ifdkpg`ZXci\dfij\
`ek_Xk`k`j]fife\ÆjXZk`fejÁfife\Æj`eXZk`fe#@j_flc[X[[Án`k_flk]\\c`e^ZlcgXYc\]fi
n`cc`e^ kf XZZ\gk% J`d`cXi kf efk`fej f] ^l`ck Xe[ j_Xd\# k_\ `[\X f] kiX^`Z$i\dfij\ [f\j
- H\]gdc]bhfYgcbUhYgk]h\7U`\cibÄgibXYfghUbX]b[cZZU]`ifY"Ã:U]`ifY]gbchh\YgUaYUgWi`dUV`YYffcfÄ g\Ykf]hYg&$%* dd"&+¿&,"ÃBcfUfYZU]`ifYgg]ad`mYlWigYXYffcfg"5[ccXYlWigY[YhgcbYcɌh\YYjU`iUh]jY\cc_"HcVYYlWigYX]ghc\UjY
no reason to think badly of oneself or for others to think badly of oneself. To have failed, by contrast, is to have a reason to think badly of oneself and to expect others to do the same’. Calhoun adds that even when failures have been ‘unavoidable’, they ‘leave their evaluative mark. They are sources of regret, shame, loss of self-esteem, and of the thought that one’s character or life is blemished by falling short of some standard for what lives should look like’ (ibid).
100
DUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh7\UdhYf*AcfU`8]gcf]YbhUh]cbUbX9h\]WU`Ghfi[[`Yg
efkXZZflekjlɖZ`\ekcp]fik_\gif]fle[Zfe]lj`feXe[Åj_fikZ`iZl`kjÆk_XkZ_XiXZk\i`q\[
dXepf]k_\jkfi`\j@_\Xi[%K_`jYi`e^jd\kfgifgfj\k_\efk`fef]dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe%
9\j`[\j\dfk`fejjlZ_XjkiX^`Z$i\dfij\#`kj\\dj#m\k\iXej]XZ\[YpdfiXc]X`cli\dXpXcjf
Y\c\ɘn`k_dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe%N_`c\kiX^`Z$i\dfij\`jk_\i\jlckf]_Xm`e^Y\\e]fiZ\[kf
[fnife^#fiY\`e^leXYc\kf[fi`^_k#dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe`jk_\XjjfZ`Xk\[cfjjf]fe\Æj
gi\m`fljZ\ikX`ek`\jXYflknife^Xe[i`^_k2`k`jk_\cfjjf]fe\ÆjdfiXc]iXd\f]i\]\i\eZ\
Xe[g\i_XgjXcjff]fe\ÆjdfiXcj\c]$g\iZ\gk`fe%DfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fed\Xejk_XkXm\k\iXe
befnjefkfecpk_Xkg\fgc\[fefkXcnXpjgiXZk`Z\n_Xkk_\pgi\XZ_#Ylkk_XkXkk`d\j`k`j
m`iklXccpfic`k\iXccp`dgfjj`Yc\kfgiXZk`Z\n_Xkfe\gi\XZ_\j%K_`jbefnc\[^\`jefk\Xj`cp
Zfdgi\_\e[\[Xe[XZZ\gk\[%8Zfe]ifekXk`fen`k_`e\m`kXYc\dfiXc]X`cli\d\jj\jlgfe\Æj
dfiXcY\c`\]j#c\Xm`e^fe\n`k_gif]fle[cplej\ɝc`e^hl\jk`fejXYflki`^_kXe[nife^%
9h\]WU`Ghfi[[`Y
K_\[`jki\jj`e^\og\i`\eZ\f]dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fedXpc\X[m\k\iXejkf\e^X^\`ekip`e^kf
i\jkfi\Xefi[\icpnfic[f]^ff[m\ijlj\m`c#fiXck\ieXk`m\cp#`em`\n`e^k_\nfic[[`ɕ\i\ekcp%
M\k\iXejdXpkipkfi\jfcm\k_\`i[flYkXe[ZfeÐ`Zk#fiÏe[nXpjf]c`m`e^`eXnfic[]iXl^_k
n`k_Yfk_%K_\XZZflekj@_\Xi[`e[`ZXk\k_Xk`ekip`e^kfÏe[dfiXcÅi\$fi`\ekXk`feÆ#dXep
m\k\iXej`e`k`Xccpki`\[kfi\jkfi\Xi\cXk`m\cpÅYcXZb$Xe[$n_`k\Ænfic[#n`k_^i\Xk\oXjg\iXk`fe
Xe[mXip`e^[\^i\\f]jlZZ\jj%@]k_\p]X`c\[#`kj\\dj#k_\p\m\eklXccpklie\[kfXZZ\gk`e^X
dfi\Zfdgc`ZXk\[Xe[iXe[fdnfic[#`en_`Z_k_\dfiXccp[`jki\jj`e^\m\ekk_\p\og\i`\eZ\[
nXjefkXe\oZ\gk`fekfk_\ilc\YlkXkiX^`ZgXikf]k_\nfic[%?fnkfle[\ijkXe[k_\j\
gifZ\jj\j6:fej`[\i`e^k_`jhl\jk`feYifl^_kd\YXZbkf\o`jk`e^k_\fipfedfiXc`kpXe[
\k_`ZjXe[c\[d\kfZfeZ\gklXc`q\m\k\iXejÆi\jgfej\jkfdfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`feXjXeethical struggle.
Jg\Z`ÏZXccp#@]fle[Q`^feÆjXek_ifgfcf^`ZXcnfibfedfiXc`kpXe[\k_`Zj`ej`^_k]lc]fi
m\k\iXejÆi\jgfej\j)''.#)''/ %8jQ`^feXi^l\j#Xg\ijfeÆjdfiXcY\c`\]jdljkY\j\\eXj
\dYf[`\[[`jgfj`k`fejk_Xkfe\ljlXccp\eXZkjn`k_flk[\c`Y\iXk`fe%I\Ð\Zk`fefecpfZZlij
n_\efe\ÆjcXi^\cplehl\jk`fe\[dfiXcY\c`\]jXe[Y\_Xm`fijXi\]fiZ\]lccpglk`ekfhl\jk`fe
YpXe`ekil[`e^\m\ek%@ek_\j`klXk`feQ`^fek\idjÅdfiXcYi\Xb[fneÆ#Xg\ijfejkXikjkf
ZfejZ`fljcp i\Ð\Zk fe Xe[ i\Xjj\jj _`j dfiXc \og\ZkXk`fej Xe[ [`jgfj`k`fej# kip`e^ kf
i\jfcm\k_\dfiXchl\jk`fejk_Xk_Xm\Xi`j\e%K_`ji\Ð\Zk`m\gifZ\jj#n_`Z_\ekX`cjZfejZ`flj
k_`eb`e^XYflkfe\ÆjdfiXcY\c`\]j#`jn_XkQ`^feZXccj\k_`Zj%8ck_fl^_fecpg_`cfjfg_\ij`e
^\e\iXc\e^X^\`e\k_`ZjXjXjpjk\dXk`Zjkl[pf]dfiXc`kp#\m\ipYf[p\e^X^\jXkeld\iflj
gf`ekj`ek_\`ic`m\j`e\k_`ZXcgiXZk`Z\%P\k#]fig\fgc\\og\i`\eZ`e^dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe#
dfi\g\ijfeXc`jjl\jXi\XkjkXb\k_Xe]figif]\jj`feXcg_`cfjfg_\ij%@k`jfe\k_`e^kfYfn
fm\iX_pgfk_\k`ZXc[`c\ddX]fik_\jXb\f]jZ`\ek`ÏZbefnc\[^\#`k`jXefk_\ikfg\ijfeXccp
\og\i`\eZ\XdfiXc[`c\ddXn`k_gif]fle[Zfej\hl\eZ\j%@k`jgifYXYcp]ifdk_`jc`e\f]
k_`eb`e^k_XkQ`^feXi^l\jk_Xkg\fgc\lck`dXk\cp\e^X^\`e\k_`ZXcgiXZk`Z\kfi\klieÅkfk_\
lei\Ð\Zk`m\df[\f]\m\ip[XpdfiXc[`jgfj`k`fejÆ)''.#g%(*/ %K_Xk`j#n_\eg\fgc\\e^X^\
`e\k_`Zj#k_\p[fjf`efi[\ikfÏe[Zfd]fikX^X`e%
101
Chapter 6 Moral Disorientation and Ethical StrugglesDUfh&Gc`X]Yfg]b7cbɘ]Wh
Q`^fe\dg_Xj`q\j#_fn\m\i#k_Xk1
k_`ji\klie]ifdk_\\k_`ZXcdfd\ek`je\m\iXi\kliekfk_\jXd\lei\Ð\Zk`m\dfiXc
[`jgfj`k`fej%=fik_\m\ipgifZ\jjf]jk\gg`e^$flkXe[i\jgfe[`e^kfk_\Yi\Xb[fne`e
mXi`fljnXpjXck\ij#\m\e`]\m\ijfjc`^_kcp#k_\Xjg\Zkf]Y\`e^$`e$k_\$nfic[k_Xk`jk_\
lei\Ð\Zk`m\dfiXc[`jgfj`k`fej%@k`j`ek_\dfd\ekf]Yi\Xb[fne#k_\e#k_Xk`kZXeY\
jX`[k_Xkg\fgc\nfibfek_\dj\cm\j#Xe[`ejf[f`e^#Xck\ik_\`im\ipnXpf]Y\`e^$`e$k_\$
nfic[Q`^fe)''.#g%(*/ %
@efk_\infi[j#n_\eXg\ijfeÆjdfiXcY\c`\]jXi\]fiZ\]lccpglk`ekfhl\jk`fe#k_`j`e\m`kXYcp
Z_Xe^\jk_\g\ijfe%
I\cXk`e^ dp Ïe[`e^j kf Q`^feÆj nfib# @ ZXd\ kf ZfeZ\gklXc`q\ m\k\iXejÆ i\jgfej\j
kfk_\\og\i`\eZ\f]dfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`feXjn_Xk@ZXccXeÅ\k_`ZXcjkil^^c\Æ%@ec`e\n`k_
Q`^feÆj `ej`^_kj# @ dX`ekX`e k_Xk n\ Xcc \og\i`\eZ\ eld\iflj d`efi dfd\ekj f] dfiXc
Å[`jfi`\ekXk`feÆXe[k_lj\k_`ZXcÅjkil^^c\Æ`eflic`m\j%JlZ_dfd\ekjXi\^\e\iXccpi\cXk`m\cp
hl`Zbcpfm\iZfd\`ek_\Ðfnf]\m\ip[Xpc`]\%K_\pXccfnfe\ÆjdfiXc\og\ZkXk`fejXe[Y\c`\]j
kf\mfcm\jcfncpfm\iXc`]\k`d\Xjc`]\\og\i`\eZ\XZZldlcXk\jn`k_flk\e^\e[\i`e^[`jki\jj%
?fn\m\i#XjdpÏe[`e^j`e[`ZXk\#Xg\ijfedXpXcjf\og\i`\eZ\dXafidfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe#
?fn\m\i#XjdpÏe[`e^j`e[`ZXk\#Xg\ijfedXpXcjf\og\i`\eZ\dXafidfiXc[`jfi`\ekXk`fe#