University of Groningen Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry de Vries, Ymkje Anna

Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry

de Vries, Ymkje Anna

IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.

Document Version

Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Publication date: 2018

Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database

Citation for published version (APA):

de Vries, Y. A. (2018). Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry. University of Groningen.

Copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).

Take-down policy

If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.

*?Ti2` j

"Bb BM i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb BM

+HBMB+H i`BHb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM

MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM M/

MtB2iv

uKFD2 MM /2 o`B2b- MM2HB2F2 JX _Q2bi- GBM "2BD2`b-1`B+F >X hm`M2`- S2i2` /2 CQM;2 1m`QT2M L2m`QTbv+?QT?`K+QHQ;v UkyReV- ke- Rd8k @ Rd8N

#bi`+i

"+F;`QmM/, S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b b?QrM i?i `2TQ`iBM; #Bb ?b BM~i2/ i?2 TT`2Mi

2{++v Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMibX q2 BMp2biB;i2/ r?2i?2` TT`2Mi b72iv rb HbQ z2+i2/X

J2i?Q/b, q2 BM+Hm/2/ Rjj i`BHb- BMpQHpBM; jR-kNe TiB2Mib- Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM M@

iB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b-Q#iBM2/ 7`QK 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V `2pB2rbX q2 2ti`+i2/ /i QM Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib- M/ b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bVX J2i@MHvbBb rb mb2/ iQ +QKT`2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b #2ir22M 6. `2pB2rb M/ Ki+?BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b- r?BH2 a1b r2`2 +QKT`2/ [mHBiiBp2HvX

_2bmHib, h?2 Q//b `iBQ 7Q` Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM- +QKT`BM; /`m; iQ TH+2#Q- rb RXy

7Q` #Qi? bQm`+2b- r?BH2 i?i 7Q` /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb kX9 7Q` #Qi? bQm`+2bX a2p2Miv@b2p2M Q7 Nd UdNWV DQm`MH `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ BM+QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM QM a1bc bBtiv@QM2 UejWV `iB+H2b K/2 MQ K2MiBQM Q7 a1b i HHX P7 kR `iB+H2b r?B+? +QmH/ #2 +QKT`2/ iQ i?2 6.- QMHv e UkNWV ?/ 7mHH `2TQ`iBM; rBi?Qmi /Bb+`2TM+B2bX LBM2 U9jWV `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/  /Bb+`2TMi MmK#2` Q7 a1bX .2b+`BTiBQMb r2`2 #b2Mi Q` /Bb+`2TMi BM e UkNWV //BiBQMH `iB+H2b- 2p2M 7Q` BKTQ`iMi a1b bm+? b bmB+B/2 ii2KTibX

*QM+HmbBQMb, _2TQ`iBM; #Bb ?b MQi z2+i2/ p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Qp2` i`BHbX

>Qr2p2`- a1 `2TQ`iBM; Bb MQi QMHv p2`v TQQ`- rBi? Qp2` ?H7 Q7 `iB+H2b 7BHBM; iQ /Bb+mbb a1b HiQ;2i?2`- #mi /Bb+`2TM+B2b #2ir22M i?2 6. M/ `iB+H2b r2`2 +QKKQM M/ Q7i2M H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQMX h?2b2 }M/BM;b bm;;2bi i?i DQm`MH `iB+H2b `2 M mM`2HB#H2 bQm`+2 Q7 /i QM a1b BM MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHbX

99

AMi`Q/m+iBQM

 bB;MB}+Mi 7`+iBQM Q7 HH bim/B2b `2 M2p2` Tm#HBb?2/ BM T22`@`2pB2r2/ DQm`MHb (j3)X 1p2M rBi?BM i?2 bm#b2i Q7 bim/B2b i?i `2 Tm#HBb?2/- i?2 UT`BK`vV MHvb2b M/ Qmi@ +QK2b `2TQ`i2/ BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b 7`2[m2MiHv /2pBi2 7`QK i?2 T`QiQ+QH (Ryj- R3e)X b  +QMb2[m2M+2- biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi UTQbBiBp2V bim/B2b Q` Qmi+QK2b `2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ #2 Tm#HBb?2/ i?M MQM@bB;MB}+Mi UM2;iBp2V bim/B2b (j3) Q` Qmi+QK2b (Ryj)X

q?BH2 Bi Bb Q7i2M /B{+mHi iQ bb2bb i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- i?2 lMBi2/ aii2b 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V KBMiBMb M BM/2T2M/2Mi `2bmHib /i#b2 7Q` /`m; i`BHb- r?B+? +M #2 mb2/ iQ 2tKBM2 i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb rBi?BM  b2i Q7 i`BHb (Ry8)X h?Bb /i#b2 ?b T`2pBQmbHv #22M mb2/ iQ bb2bb `2TQ`iBM; #Bb BM i`BHb Q7 MiBTbv+?QiB+b 7Q` b+?BxQT?`2MB (Ry9) M/ MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V (RN) M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (ky)X

a2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ iQ #2 2z2+iBp2 7Q` J.. (RN) M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (RRj- RRe- RRN- Rkk- Rkj- R3d)X h?2v `2 +QMbB/2`2/ iQ ?p2  7pQ`#H2 `BbF@#2M2}i T`Q}H2 M/ ?2M+2 `2 rB/2Hv T`2b+`B#2/ (RyN)X q?BH2 #Qi? bim/B2b 2tKBMBM; i?2 6. /i#b2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHb +QM}`K2/ i?2B` 2{++v 7Q` J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- i?2v HbQ `2p2H2/ bm#biMiBH `2TQ`iBM; #Bb (RN- ky)X Hi?Qm;? M2`Hv HH Tm#HBb?2/ i`BHb UN9 Ĝ NeWV `2TQ`i2/ TQbBiBp2 `2bmHib- QMHv 8RW Q7 HH bm#KBii2/ i`BHb 7Q` J..- M/ dkW Q7 i?Qb2 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 TQbBiBp2 #v i?2 6.X b  +QMb2[m2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- i?2 2z2+i bBx2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMi i`2iK2Mi rb Qp2`2biBKi2/ #v jkW M/ R8W 7Q` J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- `2bT2+iBp2HvX

M ++m`i2 bb2bbK2Mi Q7 i?2 `BbF@#2M2}i `iBQ Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib `2[mB`2b M mM#Bb2/ mM/2`biM/BM; Q7 b72iv b r2HH b 2{++v- #mi i?Bb Qi?2` bB/2 Q7 i?2 +QBM ?b MQi- i?mb 7`- #22M 2tKBM2/ b +QKT`2?2MbBp2HvX S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b BM/B+i2/ i?i `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b Bb BM+QKTH2i2 M/ BM/2[mi2 BM p`BQmb K2/B+H }2H/b (89- 88- 8e)-BM+Hm/BM; Tbv+?Bi`v (8j)X

h?2 +b2 Q7 `2#Qt2iBM2 /2KQMbi`i2b i?2 BKT+i i?i `2TQ`iBM; #Bb +M ?p2 QM TT`2Mi b72iv b r2HH b 2{++v, BM+HmbBQM Q7 mMTm#HBb?2/ /i MQi QMHv b?B7i2/ i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 BM 2{++v #2ir22M `2#Qt2iBM2 M/ TH+2#Q 7`QK bB;MB}+Mi iQ MQM@bB;MB}+Mi- #mi Bi HbQ b?Qr2/ i?i `2#Qt2iBM2 rb bB;MB}+MiHv BM72`BQ` iQ TH+2#Q BM i2`Kb Q7 b2H2+i2/ ?`K Qmi+QK2b- r?BH2 i?2 Tm#HBb?2/ i`BHb bm;;2bi2/ i?2v r2`2 2[mBpH2Mi (RyR)X SQQ` `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb ?b HbQ #22M 7QmM/ BM i`BHb Q7 irQ Qi?2` MiB/2T`2bbMib Ub2`i`HBM2 M/ /mHQt2iBM2V M/ b2p2`H MiBTbv+?QiB+b- rBi? b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bV MQi Hrvb `2TQ`i2/ 7mHHv Q` ++m`i2Hv BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b (8d- 83)X

h?2 rQ`F QM MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHb rb HBKBi2/ iQ `2HiBp2Hv `2+2Mi i`BHb Q7 i?`22 MiB/2@ T`2bbMib- M/ QMHv i?2 `2#Qt2iBM2 bim/v [mMiB}2/ i?2 TQbbB#H2 BKT+i Q7 #Bb QM M BKTQ`iMi ?`K Qmi+QK2- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM 7`QK i?2 i`BHX AM i?2 T`2b2Mi bim/v- r2 b@ b2bb2/ i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- M/ Bib BKT+i QM b2p2`H ?`K Qmi+QK2b- rBi?BM

3

#bi`+i

"+F;`QmM/, S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b b?QrM i?i `2TQ`iBM; #Bb ?b BM~i2/ i?2 TT`2Mi

2{++v Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMibX q2 BMp2biB;i2/ r?2i?2` TT`2Mi b72iv rb HbQ z2+i2/X

J2i?Q/b, q2 BM+Hm/2/ Rjj i`BHb- BMpQHpBM; jR-kNe TiB2Mib- Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM M@

iB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b-Q#iBM2/ 7`QK 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V `2pB2rbX q2 2ti`+i2/ /i QM Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib- M/ b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bVX J2i@MHvbBb rb mb2/ iQ +QKT`2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b #2ir22M 6. `2pB2rb M/ Ki+?BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b- r?BH2 a1b r2`2 +QKT`2/ [mHBiiBp2HvX

_2bmHib, h?2 Q//b `iBQ 7Q` Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM- +QKT`BM; /`m; iQ TH+2#Q- rb RXy

7Q` #Qi? bQm`+2b- r?BH2 i?i 7Q` /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb kX9 7Q` #Qi? bQm`+2bX a2p2Miv@b2p2M Q7 Nd UdNWV DQm`MH `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ BM+QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM QM a1bc bBtiv@QM2 UejWV `iB+H2b K/2 MQ K2MiBQM Q7 a1b i HHX P7 kR `iB+H2b r?B+? +QmH/ #2 +QKT`2/ iQ i?2 6.- QMHv e UkNWV ?/ 7mHH `2TQ`iBM; rBi?Qmi /Bb+`2TM+B2bX LBM2 U9jWV `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/  /Bb+`2TMi MmK#2` Q7 a1bX .2b+`BTiBQMb r2`2 #b2Mi Q` /Bb+`2TMi BM e UkNWV //BiBQMH `iB+H2b- 2p2M 7Q` BKTQ`iMi a1b bm+? b bmB+B/2 ii2KTibX

*QM+HmbBQMb, _2TQ`iBM; #Bb ?b MQi z2+i2/ p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Qp2` i`BHbX

>Qr2p2`- a1 `2TQ`iBM; Bb MQi QMHv p2`v TQQ`- rBi? Qp2` ?H7 Q7 `iB+H2b 7BHBM; iQ /Bb+mbb a1b HiQ;2i?2`- #mi /Bb+`2TM+B2b #2ir22M i?2 6. M/ `iB+H2b r2`2 +QKKQM M/ Q7i2M H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQMX h?2b2 }M/BM;b bm;;2bi i?i DQm`MH `iB+H2b `2 M mM`2HB#H2 bQm`+2 Q7 /i QM a1b BM MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHbX

99

AMi`Q/m+iBQM

 bB;MB}+Mi 7`+iBQM Q7 HH bim/B2b `2 M2p2` Tm#HBb?2/ BM T22`@`2pB2r2/ DQm`MHb (j3)X 1p2M rBi?BM i?2 bm#b2i Q7 bim/B2b i?i `2 Tm#HBb?2/- i?2 UT`BK`vV MHvb2b M/ Qmi@ +QK2b `2TQ`i2/ BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b 7`2[m2MiHv /2pBi2 7`QK i?2 T`QiQ+QH (Ryj- R3e)X b  +QMb2[m2M+2- biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi UTQbBiBp2V bim/B2b Q` Qmi+QK2b `2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ #2 Tm#HBb?2/ i?M MQM@bB;MB}+Mi UM2;iBp2V bim/B2b (j3) Q` Qmi+QK2b (Ryj)X

q?BH2 Bi Bb Q7i2M /B{+mHi iQ bb2bb i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- i?2 lMBi2/ aii2b 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V KBMiBMb M BM/2T2M/2Mi `2bmHib /i#b2 7Q` /`m; i`BHb- r?B+? +M #2 mb2/ iQ 2tKBM2 i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb rBi?BM  b2i Q7 i`BHb (Ry8)X h?Bb /i#b2 ?b T`2pBQmbHv #22M mb2/ iQ bb2bb `2TQ`iBM; #Bb BM i`BHb Q7 MiBTbv+?QiB+b 7Q` b+?BxQT?`2MB (Ry9) M/ MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V (RN) M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (ky)X

a2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ iQ #2 2z2+iBp2 7Q` J.. (RN) M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (RRj- RRe- RRN- Rkk- Rkj- R3d)X h?2v `2 +QMbB/2`2/ iQ ?p2  7pQ`#H2 `BbF@#2M2}i T`Q}H2 M/ ?2M+2 `2 rB/2Hv T`2b+`B#2/ (RyN)X q?BH2 #Qi? bim/B2b 2tKBMBM; i?2 6. /i#b2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHb +QM}`K2/ i?2B` 2{++v 7Q` J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- i?2v HbQ `2p2H2/ bm#biMiBH `2TQ`iBM; #Bb (RN- ky)X Hi?Qm;? M2`Hv HH Tm#HBb?2/ i`BHb UN9 Ĝ NeWV `2TQ`i2/ TQbBiBp2 `2bmHib- QMHv 8RW Q7 HH bm#KBii2/ i`BHb 7Q` J..- M/ dkW Q7 i?Qb2 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 TQbBiBp2 #v i?2 6.X b  +QMb2[m2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- i?2 2z2+i bBx2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMi i`2iK2Mi rb Qp2`2biBKi2/ #v jkW M/ R8W 7Q` J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- `2bT2+iBp2HvX

M ++m`i2 bb2bbK2Mi Q7 i?2 `BbF@#2M2}i `iBQ Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib `2[mB`2b M mM#Bb2/ mM/2`biM/BM; Q7 b72iv b r2HH b 2{++v- #mi i?Bb Qi?2` bB/2 Q7 i?2 +QBM ?b MQi- i?mb 7`- #22M 2tKBM2/ b +QKT`2?2MbBp2HvX S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b BM/B+i2/ i?i `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b Bb BM+QKTH2i2 M/ BM/2[mi2 BM p`BQmb K2/B+H }2H/b (89- 88- 8e)-BM+Hm/BM; Tbv+?Bi`v (8j)X

h?2 +b2 Q7 `2#Qt2iBM2 /2KQMbi`i2b i?2 BKT+i i?i `2TQ`iBM; #Bb +M ?p2 QM TT`2Mi b72iv b r2HH b 2{++v, BM+HmbBQM Q7 mMTm#HBb?2/ /i MQi QMHv b?B7i2/ i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 BM 2{++v #2ir22M `2#Qt2iBM2 M/ TH+2#Q 7`QK bB;MB}+Mi iQ MQM@bB;MB}+Mi- #mi Bi HbQ b?Qr2/ i?i `2#Qt2iBM2 rb bB;MB}+MiHv BM72`BQ` iQ TH+2#Q BM i2`Kb Q7 b2H2+i2/ ?`K Qmi+QK2b- r?BH2 i?2 Tm#HBb?2/ i`BHb bm;;2bi2/ i?2v r2`2 2[mBpH2Mi (RyR)X SQQ` `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb ?b HbQ #22M 7QmM/ BM i`BHb Q7 irQ Qi?2` MiB/2T`2bbMib Ub2`i`HBM2 M/ /mHQt2iBM2V M/ b2p2`H MiBTbv+?QiB+b- rBi? b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bV MQi Hrvb `2TQ`i2/ 7mHHv Q` ++m`i2Hv BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b (8d- 83)X

h?2 rQ`F QM MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHb rb HBKBi2/ iQ `2HiBp2Hv `2+2Mi i`BHb Q7 i?`22 MiB/2@ T`2bbMib- M/ QMHv i?2 `2#Qt2iBM2 bim/v [mMiB}2/ i?2 TQbbB#H2 BKT+i Q7 #Bb QM M BKTQ`iMi ?`K Qmi+QK2- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM 7`QK i?2 i`BHX AM i?2 T`2b2Mi bim/v- r2 b@ b2bb2/ i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb- M/ Bib BKT+i QM b2p2`H ?`K Qmi+QK2b- rBi?BM

 +QKT`2?2MbBp2 b2i Q7 i`BHb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` #Qi? J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX

J2i?Q/b

.i 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b

q2 T`2pBQmbHv Q#iBM2/ 6. `2pB2rb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib TT`Qp2/ 7Q` J.. (RN) M/fQ` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (ky) UbT2+B}+HHv ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V-bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V- Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.VVX q2 /2}M2/ b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib b BM+Hm/BM; b2H2+iBp2 b2`QiQMBM `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b Uaa_AbV- b2`QiQMBM@ MQ`2TBM2T?`BM2 `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b UaL_AbV- b r2HH b Qi?2` MiB/2T`2bbMib UbT2+B}+HHv KB`ixTBM2- #mT`QTBQM- M/ M27xQ/QM2V TT`Qp2/ #2ir22M RN3d M/ kyy3X

6`QK i?2b2 `2pB2rb- r2 B/2MiB}2/ HH T?b2 kfj b?Q`i@i2`K +HBMB+H i`BHb `2;Bbi2`2/ rBi? i?2 6. M/ +QM/m+i2/ BM Tm`bmBi Q7 K`F2iBM; TT`QpHX 6Q` J..- r2 B/2MiB}2/ d9 i`BHb Q7 Rk /`m;bc 7Q` :.- RR i`BHb Q7 9 /`m;bc 7Q` a.- RR i`BHb Q7 8 /`m;bc 7Q` P*.- Rj i`BHb Q7 8 /`m;bc 7Q` Sha.- d i`BHb 7Q` k /`m;bc M/ 7Q` S.- Rd i`BHb 7Q` 8 /`m;bX hrQ Q7 i?2 S. i`BHb r2`2 MQi BM+Hm/2/ BM Qm` T`2pBQmb MHvbBb (ky)- b r2 /B/ MQi `2+2Bp2 i?2 6. `2pB2r +QMiBMBM; i?2b2 i`BHb BM iBK2X >2M+2- r2 BM+Hm/2/  iQiH Q7 Rjj i`BHb- +QMbBbiBM; Q7 /i 7`QK jR-kNe T`iB+BTMib- Q7 r?QK R3-Ny9 r2`2 i`2i2/ rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMib M/ Rk-jNk rBi? TH+2#QX

q2 +QM/m+i2/ M 2ti2MbBp2 b2`+? Q7 i?2 Tm#HBb?2/ HBi2`im`2 iQ B/2MiB7v DQm`MH `iB+H2b +Q``2bTQM/BM; iQ i?2b2 6.@`2;Bbi2`2/ i`BHb- b /2b+`B#2/ T`2pBQmbHv (RN- ky)X  iQiH Q7 Nd Tm#HB+iBQMb r2`2 B/2MiB}2/- +Qp2`BM; Ryk UddWV Q7 Rjj i`BHb, 8R 7Q` J.. UBM+Hm/BM; R Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- N 7Q` :. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- RR 7Q` a.-N 7Q` P*. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- 8 7Q` Sha.- M/ Rk 7Q` S. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; j i`BHbVX

6Q` 2+? i`BH- r2 2ti`+i2/ i?2 7QHHQrBM; /i 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb M/ +Q``2bTQM/BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b- b2T`i2Hv 7Q` 2+? i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT, bKTH2 bBx2- MmK#2` M/ T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM;- MmK#2` M/ T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM; /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib bT2+B}+HHv- M/ i?2 MmK#2` M/ Mim`2 Q7 b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bVX a1b `2 /2}M2/ b Mv /p2`b2 2p2Mi i?i `2bmHib BM /2i?- ?QbTBiHBxiBQM- /Bb#BHBiv Q` T2`KM2Mi /K;2-  #B`i? /272+i- Q` Mv Qi?2` HB72@i?`2i2MBM; bBimiBQMX AM/BpB/mH i`BH T`QiQ+QHb Kv- ?Qr2p2`- /2}M2 //BiBQMH /p2`b2 2p2Mib b b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MibX "Qi? a1b Q++m``BM; /m`BM; i?2 /KBMBbi`iBQM Q7  /`m; M/ i?Qb2 Q++m``BM; rBi?BM  bT2+B}2/ T2`BQ/ UmbmHHv jy /vbV 7i2` i?2 Hbi /Qb2 UTQbi@i?2`Tv a1bV Kmbi #2 `2TQ`i2/ iQ i?2 6.X

9e

6Q` i`BHb r?B+? bm#/BpB/2/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib BMiQ bm#+i2;Q`B2b- r2 +QmMi2/ HH T`iB+BTMib r?Q /Bb+QMiBMm2/ /m2 iQ bB/2 2z2+ib- H#Q`iQ`v #MQ`KHBiB2b-i2bi }M/BM;b- bmB+B/2 ii2KTib- bmB+B/2- M/ Qi?2` +mb2b Q7 /2i?- r?2i?2` +QMbB/2`2/ /`m;@`2Hi2/ Q` MQiX q?2M i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 bii2/ i?i MQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ i?2 /`m; r2`2 Q#b2`p2/- r2 +QmMi2/ i?2 `iB+H2 b `2TQ`iBM; x2`Q a1b 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX q2 2ti`+i2/ /i 7`QK UBM Q`/2` Q7 T`272`2M+2V i?2 b72iv TQTmHiBQM UHH `M/QKBx2/ TiB2Mib r?Q iQQF i H2bi QM2 /Qb2 Q7 K2/B+iBQM Q` TH+2#QV- i?2 `M/QKBx2/ TQTmHiBQM-Q` i?2 BMi2MiBQM@iQ@i`2i 2{++v TQTmHiBQM UHH TiB2Mib r?Q iQQF i H2bi QM2 /Qb2 Q7 K2/B+iBQM Q` TH+2#Q M/ r?Q ?/ i H2bi QM2 TQbi@#b2HBM2 2{++v 2pHmiBQMVX 1ti`+iBQM rb T2`7Q`K2/ BM/2T2M/2MiHv #v irQ BMp2biB;iQ`b Uuo M/ _ 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM M/ uo M/ G" 7Q` MtB2ivV- rBi? /Bb;`22K2Mib `2bQHp2/ #v +QMb2MbmbX HH `2KBMBM; /Bb+`2TM+B2b #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ 6. `2pB2rb r2`2 /Qm#H2@+?2+F2/ 7Q` TQbbB#H2 2``Q`bX

aiiBbiB+H MHvbBb Ĝ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

6Q` }t2/@/Qb2 UKmHiBTH2 /Qb2V bim/B2b- r2 +H+mHi2/  +QK#BM2/ bKTH2 bBx2- M/  +QK@ #BM2/ MmK#2` Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM;- 7Q` i?2 p`BQmb MiB/2T`2bbMi `KbX q2 i?2M +H+mHi2/ i?2 r2B;?i2/ K2M /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 UQp2`HH (BX2X- 7Q` Mv `2bQM) M/ /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibV 7Q` i?2 /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmT Qp2` HH i`BHb- b r2HH b bT2+B}+HHv T2` /BbQ`/2`X

q2 +QM/m+i2/ 7Qm` `M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvb2b- b r2 ?/ irQ /i bQm`+2b U6. M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bV M/ irQ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b UQp2`HH M/ /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibVX _2bi`B+i2/ KtBKmK HBF2HB?QQ/ U_1JGV rb mb2/ b i?2 2biBKiBQM K2i?Q/X AM +b2 Q7 2KTiv +2HHb Ux2`Q TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM; BM  ;`QmTV- yX8 rb //2/ iQ i?2 2KTiv +2HHX J2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb mb2/ iQ 7m`i?2` BMp2biB;i2 i?2 BKT+i Q7 /i bQm`+2 U6. p2`bmb DQm`MHVX q2 HbQ +QM/m+i2/ bm#;`QmT MHvb2b 7Q` i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /BbQ`/2`bX h?2 K2i7Q` T+F;2 Up2`bBQM RXN@8V BM _ Up2`bBQM jXRXjV rb mb2/ 7Q` i?2b2 MHvb2bX

MHvb2b Q7 b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib

q2 }`bi 2tKBM2/ i?2 pBH#BHBiv Q7 a1 /i 7Q` i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ i?2 6. `2pB2rbX 6Q` i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b i?i K2MiBQM2/ a1b- M/ 7Q` r?B+?  +QKT`BbQM rBi? i?2 6. `2pB2r +QmH/ #2 K/2- r2 /2i2`KBM2/ r?2i?2` i?2`2 rb  /Bb+`2TM+v BM i?2 MmK#2` Q` /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 a1b BM 2Bi?2` i?2 TH+2#Q Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX AM +b2 Q7 /Bb+`2TM+B2b- r2 7m`i?2` 2tKBM2/ i?2 Mim`2 Q7 i?2 /Bb+`2TM+v M/ r?2i?2` Bi rQmH/ H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQMX

3

 +QKT`2?2MbBp2 b2i Q7 i`BHb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` #Qi? J.. M/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX

J2i?Q/b

.i 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b

q2 T`2pBQmbHv Q#iBM2/ 6. `2pB2rb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib TT`Qp2/ 7Q` J.. (RN) M/fQ` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (ky) UbT2+B}+HHv ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V-bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V- Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.VVX q2 /2}M2/ b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib b BM+Hm/BM; b2H2+iBp2 b2`QiQMBM `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b Uaa_AbV- b2`QiQMBM@ MQ`2TBM2T?`BM2 `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b UaL_AbV- b r2HH b Qi?2` MiB/2T`2bbMib UbT2+B}+HHv KB`ixTBM2- #mT`QTBQM- M/ M27xQ/QM2V TT`Qp2/ #2ir22M RN3d M/ kyy3X

6`QK i?2b2 `2pB2rb- r2 B/2MiB}2/ HH T?b2 kfj b?Q`i@i2`K +HBMB+H i`BHb `2;Bbi2`2/ rBi? i?2 6. M/ +QM/m+i2/ BM Tm`bmBi Q7 K`F2iBM; TT`QpHX 6Q` J..- r2 B/2MiB}2/ d9 i`BHb Q7 Rk /`m;bc 7Q` :.- RR i`BHb Q7 9 /`m;bc 7Q` a.- RR i`BHb Q7 8 /`m;bc 7Q` P*.- Rj i`BHb Q7 8 /`m;bc 7Q` Sha.- d i`BHb 7Q` k /`m;bc M/ 7Q` S.- Rd i`BHb 7Q` 8 /`m;bX hrQ Q7 i?2 S. i`BHb r2`2 MQi BM+Hm/2/ BM Qm` T`2pBQmb MHvbBb (ky)- b r2 /B/ MQi `2+2Bp2 i?2 6. `2pB2r +QMiBMBM; i?2b2 i`BHb BM iBK2X >2M+2- r2 BM+Hm/2/  iQiH Q7 Rjj i`BHb- +QMbBbiBM; Q7 /i 7`QK jR-kNe T`iB+BTMib- Q7 r?QK R3-Ny9 r2`2 i`2i2/ rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMib M/ Rk-jNk rBi? TH+2#QX

q2 +QM/m+i2/ M 2ti2MbBp2 b2`+? Q7 i?2 Tm#HBb?2/ HBi2`im`2 iQ B/2MiB7v DQm`MH `iB+H2b +Q``2bTQM/BM; iQ i?2b2 6.@`2;Bbi2`2/ i`BHb- b /2b+`B#2/ T`2pBQmbHv (RN- ky)X  iQiH Q7 Nd Tm#HB+iBQMb r2`2 B/2MiB}2/- +Qp2`BM; Ryk UddWV Q7 Rjj i`BHb, 8R 7Q` J.. UBM+Hm/BM; R Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- N 7Q` :. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- RR 7Q` a.-N 7Q` P*. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; k i`BHbV- 8 7Q` Sha.- M/ Rk 7Q` S. UR Tm#HB+iBQM +Qp2`BM; j i`BHbVX

6Q` 2+? i`BH- r2 2ti`+i2/ i?2 7QHHQrBM; /i 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb M/ +Q``2bTQM/BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b- b2T`i2Hv 7Q` 2+? i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT, bKTH2 bBx2- MmK#2` M/ T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM;- MmK#2` M/ T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM; /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib bT2+B}+HHv- M/ i?2 MmK#2` M/ Mim`2 Q7 b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Ua1bVX a1b `2 /2}M2/ b Mv /p2`b2 2p2Mi i?i `2bmHib BM /2i?- ?QbTBiHBxiBQM- /Bb#BHBiv Q` T2`KM2Mi /K;2-  #B`i? /272+i- Q` Mv Qi?2` HB72@i?`2i2MBM; bBimiBQMX AM/BpB/mH i`BH T`QiQ+QHb Kv- ?Qr2p2`- /2}M2 //BiBQMH /p2`b2 2p2Mib b b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MibX "Qi? a1b Q++m``BM; /m`BM; i?2 /KBMBbi`iBQM Q7  /`m; M/ i?Qb2 Q++m``BM; rBi?BM  bT2+B}2/ T2`BQ/ UmbmHHv jy /vbV 7i2` i?2 Hbi /Qb2 UTQbi@i?2`Tv a1bV Kmbi #2 `2TQ`i2/ iQ i?2 6.X

9e

6Q` i`BHb r?B+? bm#/BpB/2/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib BMiQ bm#+i2;Q`B2b- r2 +QmMi2/ HH T`iB+BTMib r?Q /Bb+QMiBMm2/ /m2 iQ bB/2 2z2+ib- H#Q`iQ`v #MQ`KHBiB2b-i2bi }M/BM;b- bmB+B/2 ii2KTib- bmB+B/2- M/ Qi?2` +mb2b Q7 /2i?- r?2i?2` +QMbB/2`2/ /`m;@`2Hi2/ Q` MQiX q?2M i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 bii2/ i?i MQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ i?2 /`m; r2`2 Q#b2`p2/- r2 +QmMi2/ i?2 `iB+H2 b `2TQ`iBM; x2`Q a1b 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX q2 2ti`+i2/ /i 7`QK UBM Q`/2` Q7 T`272`2M+2V i?2 b72iv TQTmHiBQM UHH `M/QKBx2/ TiB2Mib r?Q iQQF i H2bi QM2 /Qb2 Q7 K2/B+iBQM Q` TH+2#QV- i?2 `M/QKBx2/ TQTmHiBQM-Q` i?2 BMi2MiBQM@iQ@i`2i 2{++v TQTmHiBQM UHH TiB2Mib r?Q iQQF i H2bi QM2 /Qb2 Q7 K2/B+iBQM Q` TH+2#Q M/ r?Q ?/ i H2bi QM2 TQbi@#b2HBM2 2{++v 2pHmiBQMVX 1ti`+iBQM rb T2`7Q`K2/ BM/2T2M/2MiHv #v irQ BMp2biB;iQ`b Uuo M/ _ 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM M/ uo M/ G" 7Q` MtB2ivV- rBi? /Bb;`22K2Mib `2bQHp2/ #v +QMb2MbmbX HH `2KBMBM; /Bb+`2TM+B2b #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ 6. `2pB2rb r2`2 /Qm#H2@+?2+F2/ 7Q` TQbbB#H2 2``Q`bX

aiiBbiB+H MHvbBb Ĝ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

6Q` }t2/@/Qb2 UKmHiBTH2 /Qb2V bim/B2b- r2 +H+mHi2/  +QK#BM2/ bKTH2 bBx2- M/  +QK@ #BM2/ MmK#2` Q7 TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM;- 7Q` i?2 p`BQmb MiB/2T`2bbMi `KbX q2 i?2M +H+mHi2/ i?2 r2B;?i2/ K2M /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 UQp2`HH (BX2X- 7Q` Mv `2bQM) M/ /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibV 7Q` i?2 /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmT Qp2` HH i`BHb- b r2HH b bT2+B}+HHv T2` /BbQ`/2`X

q2 +QM/m+i2/ 7Qm` `M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvb2b- b r2 ?/ irQ /i bQm`+2b U6. M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bV M/ irQ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b UQp2`HH M/ /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibVX _2bi`B+i2/ KtBKmK HBF2HB?QQ/ U_1JGV rb mb2/ b i?2 2biBKiBQM K2i?Q/X AM +b2 Q7 2KTiv +2HHb Ux2`Q TiB2Mib /Bb+QMiBMmBM; BM  ;`QmTV- yX8 rb //2/ iQ i?2 2KTiv +2HHX J2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb mb2/ iQ 7m`i?2` BMp2biB;i2 i?2 BKT+i Q7 /i bQm`+2 U6. p2`bmb DQm`MHVX q2 HbQ +QM/m+i2/ bm#;`QmT MHvb2b 7Q` i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /BbQ`/2`bX h?2 K2i7Q` T+F;2 Up2`bBQM RXN@8V BM _ Up2`bBQM jXRXjV rb mb2/ 7Q` i?2b2 MHvb2bX

MHvb2b Q7 b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib

q2 }`bi 2tKBM2/ i?2 pBH#BHBiv Q7 a1 /i 7Q` i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ i?2 6. `2pB2rbX 6Q` i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b i?i K2MiBQM2/ a1b- M/ 7Q` r?B+?  +QKT`BbQM rBi? i?2 6. `2pB2r +QmH/ #2 K/2- r2 /2i2`KBM2/ r?2i?2` i?2`2 rb  /Bb+`2TM+v BM i?2 MmK#2` Q` /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 a1b BM 2Bi?2` i?2 TH+2#Q Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX AM +b2 Q7 /Bb+`2TM+B2b- r2 7m`i?2` 2tKBM2/ i?2 Mim`2 Q7 i?2 /Bb+`2TM+v M/ r?2i?2` Bi rQmH/ H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQMX

_2bmHib

.Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

h?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 Ur2B;?i2/ #v bKTH2 bBx2V BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT rb jyX8W ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. p2`bmb jyXRW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2bX 6Q` i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmTb- i?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 rb jRXNW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ jyX9W ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b Uh#H2 jXRVX

_M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6. /i vB2H/2/ M Q//b `iBQ UP_V Q7 /Bb+QMiBMm@ iBQM 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT +QKT`2/ rBi? TH+2#Q Q7 RXyk UN8W *A, yXNe Ĝ RXy3V- BM/B+iBM; MQ bB;MB}+Mi /Bz2`2M+2 BM Q//b Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM #2ir22M i?2 /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmTbX aBKBH`Hv- `M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 DQm`MH /i ;p2 M P_ Q7 yXN3 UN8W *A, yXNk Ĝ RXyeVX G+F Q7 bB;MB}+Mi #Bb BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b +QKT`2/ iQ 6. rb +QM}`K2/ #v K2i@`2;`2bbBQM UT 4 yX9dV Uh#H2 jXkVX

6Q` /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib- i?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 rb 8XkW 7Q` TH+2#Q ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ 8XyW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b- r?BH2 Bi rb RkXeW 7Q` MiB/2T`2bbMib ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ RkXjW ++Q`/BM; iQ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX _M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6. /i vB2H/2/ M Q//b `iBQ Q7 kXjN UN8W *A, kXRR Ĝ kXdyV- BM/B+iBM;  bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` `BbF Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX h?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b ;p2 bBKBH` `2bmHib- rBi? M P_ Q7 kX9k UN8W *A, kXRR Ĝ kXd3V- r?B+? rb MQi bB;MB}+MiHv /Bz2`2Mi 7`QK i?2 6. `2bmHi UT 4 yXN9V Uh#H2 jXkVX

h#H2 jXR, .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

Pp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM UWV .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ 1b UWV 6. CQm`MH 6. CQm`MH SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; J.. j8Xy j9X8 j9X8 jkXd 8Xe RjXR 8Xy RkXd :. k9Xk k3Xe k8X8 kNX3 9X9 RjXd 9XN R9XR a. jyXd jjXj jRXk jkX3 9Xy R9X8 jX9 R9X3 P*. k9X8 k3Xj k8Xe k8XR 8X9 RkXy 8Xe RRXj Sha. jkXR jkX8 jRXj j9Xj dX9 RRX8 eXN RkXy S. k8X8 keXe k9X3 k8XR 8X9 3XN 8X9 3X8 hQiH jyX8 jRXN jyXR jyX9 8Xk RkXe 8Xy RkXj

aKTH2@bBx2 r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 `i2b Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM M/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib U1bV 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb ++Q`/BM; i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`X

93

h#H2 jXk, P//b `iBQ Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM

Pp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ 1b 6. CQm`MH 6. CQm`MH J.. yXNk UyX38@yXNNV yX3d UyXdN@yXNeV kXkN URXNj@kXdjV kX9k URXN3@kXNeV :. RXk8 URXyd@RX9eV RXke URXyd@RX8yV jXye UkXjk@9XyjV kX38 UkXR8@jXdeV a. RXR9 UyXNR@RX99V RXy3 UyX3d@RXjRV jXd8 UkX9d@8XdyV 9Xjj UkXNd@eXjRV P*. RXk9 UyXNe@RXeyV yXNN UyXdd@RXkdV kXk3 URXek@jXRNV kXkj URX88@jXRNV Sha. yXNN UyX3k@RXkRV RXyN UyX3d@RXjeV RXed URXRR@kX8RV RXdk URXR3@kX8kV S. RXye UyX33@RXkeV yXNN UyX3y@RXkkV RX8d URXR3@kXR9V RX8R URXy9@kXRdV hQiH RXyk UyXNe@RXy3V yXN3 UyXNk@RXyeV kXjN UkXRR@kXdyV kX9k UkXRR@kXd3V

P//b `iBQ UN8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHV Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM M/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib U1bV 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT +QKT`2/ iQ i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT ++Q`/BM; i?2 6. M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`X

q?2M r2 2tKBM2/ i?2 /BbQ`/2`b b2T`i2Hv- MQ #Bb rb TT`2Mi 7Q` Mv Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ /BbQ`/2`b UHH T@pHm2b =yXkjVX 6Q` :.- Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM rb bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT i?M 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT UP_ 4 RXk8- N8W *A, RXyd Ĝ RX9e- T 4 yXyy9V- r?BH2 Bi rb bB;MB}+MiHv HQr2` 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT 7Q` J.. UP_ 4 yXNk- N8W *A, yX38 Ĝ yXNN- T 4 yXykeVX

.Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b- rBi? i?2 K;MBim/2 Q7 i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 `M;BM; 7`QK M P_ Q7 RX8d U7Q` S.V iQ jXd8 U7Q` a.V QM i?2 #bBb Q7 6. /i Uh#H2 jXkVX

a2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib

.i QM b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb 7`2[m2MiHv KBbbBM; 7`QK #Qi? 6. `2pB2rb M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX Pmi Q7 Rjj i`BHb- a1 /i rb KBbbBM; BM i?2 6. `2pB2r 7Q` 8d i`BHb U9jWVX L2`Hv HH Q7 i?2b2 r2`2 QH/2` i`BHb 7Q` J..- r?2`2 /i 7Q` 8e Qmi Q7 d9 UdeWV i`BHb rb KBbbBM;X 6Q` M //BiBQMH k9 i`BHb UR3WV- i`BH@H2p2H /i QM a1b rb MQi pBH#H2 BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- b i?2 /i rb TQQH2/ Qp2` HH TBpQiH i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 `2pB2rX P7 Nd DQm`MH `iB+H2b U+Qp2`BM; Ryk i`BHbV- QMHv je UjdWV K2MiBQM2/ a1b i HH, +QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM rb T`QpB/2/ BM ky UkRWV `iB+H2b- r?BH2 Re UReWV `iB+H2b ?/ BM+QKTH2i2 `2TQ`iBM; U2X;X K2MiBQMBM; i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b rBi?Qmi T`QpB/BM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- Q` ;BpBM; BM7Q`KiBQM 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT QMHvVX

6Q` R8 Q7 i?2 je `iB+H2b- i?2`2 rb BMbm{+B2Mi BM7Q`KiBQM BM i?2 6. `2pB2r iQ T2`7Q`K  /B`2+i +QKT`BbQMX P7 i?2 `2KBMBM; kR `iB+H2b- 7Q` r?B+? bim/v@H2p2H a1 /i rb T`QpB/2/ BM i?2 6. `2pB2rb- QMHv e UkNWV `iB+H2b ?/ 7mHH `2TQ`iBM; rBi? MQ /Bb+`2TM+vX

3

_2bmHib

.Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

h?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 Ur2B;?i2/ #v bKTH2 bBx2V BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT rb jyX8W ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. p2`bmb jyXRW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2bX 6Q` i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmTb- i?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 rb jRXNW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ jyX9W ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b Uh#H2 jXRVX

_M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6. /i vB2H/2/ M Q//b `iBQ UP_V Q7 /Bb+QMiBMm@ iBQM 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT +QKT`2/ rBi? TH+2#Q Q7 RXyk UN8W *A, yXNe Ĝ RXy3V- BM/B+iBM; MQ bB;MB}+Mi /Bz2`2M+2 BM Q//b Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM #2ir22M i?2 /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmTbX aBKBH`Hv- `M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 DQm`MH /i ;p2 M P_ Q7 yXN3 UN8W *A, yXNk Ĝ RXyeVX G+F Q7 bB;MB}+Mi #Bb BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b +QKT`2/ iQ 6. rb +QM}`K2/ #v K2i@`2;`2bbBQM UT 4 yX9dV Uh#H2 jXkVX

6Q` /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib- i?2 p2`;2 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2 rb 8XkW 7Q` TH+2#Q ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ 8XyW ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b- r?BH2 Bi rb RkXeW 7Q` MiB/2T`2bbMib ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. M/ RkXjW ++Q`/BM; iQ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX _M/QK@2z2+ib K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6. /i vB2H/2/ M Q//b `iBQ Q7 kXjN UN8W *A, kXRR Ĝ kXdyV- BM/B+iBM;  bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` `BbF Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX h?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2b ;p2 bBKBH` `2bmHib- rBi? M P_ Q7 kX9k UN8W *A, kXRR Ĝ kXd3V- r?B+? rb MQi bB;MB}+MiHv /Bz2`2Mi 7`QK i?2 6. `2bmHi UT 4 yXN9V Uh#H2 jXkVX

h#H2 jXR, .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b

Pp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM UWV .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ 1b UWV 6. CQm`MH 6. CQm`MH SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; SH+2#Q .`m; J.. j8Xy j9X8 j9X8 jkXd 8Xe RjXR 8Xy RkXd :. k9Xk k3Xe k8X8 kNX3 9X9 RjXd 9XN R9XR a. jyXd jjXj jRXk jkX3 9Xy R9X8 jX9 R9X3 P*. k9X8 k3Xj k8Xe k8XR 8X9 RkXy 8Xe RRXj Sha. jkXR jkX8 jRXj j9Xj dX9 RRX8 eXN RkXy S. k8X8 keXe k9X3 k8XR 8X9 3XN 8X9 3X8 hQiH jyX8 jRXN jyXR jyX9 8Xk RkXe 8Xy RkXj

aKTH2@bBx2 r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 `i2b Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM M/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib U1bV 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb ++Q`/BM; i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`X

93

h#H2 jXk, P//b `iBQ Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM

Pp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM .Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ 1b 6. CQm`MH 6. CQm`MH J.. yXNk UyX38@yXNNV yX3d UyXdN@yXNeV kXkN URXNj@kXdjV kX9k URXN3@kXNeV :. RXk8 URXyd@RX9eV RXke URXyd@RX8yV jXye UkXjk@9XyjV kX38 UkXR8@jXdeV a. RXR9 UyXNR@RX99V RXy3 UyX3d@RXjRV jXd8 UkX9d@8XdyV 9Xjj UkXNd@eXjRV P*. RXk9 UyXNe@RXeyV yXNN UyXdd@RXkdV kXk3 URXek@jXRNV kXkj URX88@jXRNV Sha. yXNN UyX3k@RXkRV RXyN UyX3d@RXjeV RXed URXRR@kX8RV RXdk URXR3@kX8kV S. RXye UyX33@RXkeV yXNN UyX3y@RXkkV RX8d URXR3@kXR9V RX8R URXy9@kXRdV hQiH RXyk UyXNe@RXy3V yXN3 UyXNk@RXyeV kXjN UkXRR@kXdyV kX9k UkXRR@kXd3V

P//b `iBQ UN8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHV Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM M/ /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib U1bV 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT +QKT`2/ iQ i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT ++Q`/BM; i?2 6. M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`X

q?2M r2 2tKBM2/ i?2 /BbQ`/2`b b2T`i2Hv- MQ #Bb rb TT`2Mi 7Q` Mv Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ /BbQ`/2`b UHH T@pHm2b =yXkjVX 6Q` :.- Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM rb bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT i?M 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT UP_ 4 RXk8- N8W *A, RXyd Ĝ RX9e- T 4 yXyy9V- r?BH2 Bi rb bB;MB}+MiHv HQr2` 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT 7Q` J.. UP_ 4 yXNk- N8W *A, yX38 Ĝ yXNN- T 4 yXykeVX

.Bb+QMiBMmiBQM /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb bB;MB}+MiHv ?B;?2` BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b- rBi? i?2 K;MBim/2 Q7 i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 `M;BM; 7`QK M P_ Q7 RX8d U7Q` S.V iQ jXd8 U7Q` a.V QM i?2 #bBb Q7 6. /i Uh#H2 jXkVX

a2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib

.i QM b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib rb 7`2[m2MiHv KBbbBM; 7`QK #Qi? 6. `2pB2rb M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bX Pmi Q7 Rjj i`BHb- a1 /i rb KBbbBM; BM i?2 6. `2pB2r 7Q` 8d i`BHb U9jWVX L2`Hv HH Q7 i?2b2 r2`2 QH/2` i`BHb 7Q` J..- r?2`2 /i 7Q` 8e Qmi Q7 d9 UdeWV i`BHb rb KBbbBM;X 6Q` M //BiBQMH k9 i`BHb UR3WV- i`BH@H2p2H /i QM a1b rb MQi pBH#H2 BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- b i?2 /i rb TQQH2/ Qp2` HH TBpQiH i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 `2pB2rX P7 Nd DQm`MH `iB+H2b U+Qp2`BM; Ryk i`BHbV- QMHv je UjdWV K2MiBQM2/ a1b i HH, +QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM rb T`QpB/2/ BM ky UkRWV `iB+H2b- r?BH2 Re UReWV `iB+H2b ?/ BM+QKTH2i2 `2TQ`iBM; U2X;X K2MiBQMBM; i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b rBi?Qmi T`QpB/BM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- Q` ;BpBM; BM7Q`KiBQM 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT QMHvVX

6Q` R8 Q7 i?2 je `iB+H2b- i?2`2 rb BMbm{+B2Mi BM7Q`KiBQM BM i?2 6. `2pB2r iQ T2`7Q`K  /B`2+i +QKT`BbQMX P7 i?2 `2KBMBM; kR `iB+H2b- 7Q` r?B+? bim/v@H2p2H a1 /i rb T`QpB/2/ BM i?2 6. `2pB2rb- QMHv e UkNWV `iB+H2b ?/ 7mHH `2TQ`iBM; rBi? MQ /Bb+`2TM+vX

h#H2 jXj, .Bb+`2TM+B2b BM MmK#2` Q7 `2TQ`i2/ a1b .BbQ`/2` h`BH 6. `2TQ`iBM; CQm`MH `2TQ`iBM; J.. 39ykj (R33) k bmB+B/2b BM KB`ixTBM2 ;`QmT pbX MQM2 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT ǴLQ +HBMB+HHv BKTQ`iMi a1b XXX ii`B#mi#H2 iQ KB`ixTBM2 r2`2 b22MǴ :. >J.h (Rj8) a2p2`2 MtB2iv M/ TQbi@

i?2`Tv /2i? /m2 iQ b@ T?vtBiBQM U+?QFBM;V

MtB2iv QMHv a. j3d (R83) 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b ǴQi?2`

2p2Mi Q7 +HBMB+H BMi2`2biǴ 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b a1 jNj (R8N) 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b ǴQi?2`

2p2Mi Q7 +HBMB+H BMi2`2biǴ 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b a1 989 (R8j) R a1 BM T`Qt2iBM2 ;`QmT

U#`BM 2/2K /m2 iQ +` +@ +B/2MiV

ǴLQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ T`Qt2iBM2 i`2iK2MiǴ N9@yy9 (R8e) S`2;MM+v rBi? TQbi@

i`2iK2Mi #Q`iBQM LQi K2MiBQM2/ S. jNN (R9e) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ 8 a1b BM p2MH7tBM2 ;`QmTb 3 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ 8 a1b BM p2MH7tBM2 ;`QmTb jNR (R93) 9 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT

M/ e a1b BM /`m; ;`QmT //BiBQMH a1 Q7 MtB2ivBM TH+2#Q ;`QmT 9N8 (R9k) a2Bxm`2 LQi K2MiBQM2/

6., 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQMc :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c a1, b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MiX

AM N Qmi Q7 kR U9jWV `iB+H2b i?2`2 r2`2 /Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 `2TQ`i2/ MmK#2` Q7 a1b-r?B+? H2/ iQ  bKHH2` Q` `2p2`b2/ /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 M/ i?mb  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQM BM d +b2b Uh#H2 jXjVX

hrQ `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/ //BiBQMH a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT- r?B+? ?/ #22M +HbbB}2/ b dzQi?2` +HBMB+H 2p2Mib Q7 BMi2`2biǴ #v i?2 6.X //BiBQMH a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT-r?B+? r2`2 MQi MQi2/ BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- r2`2 `2TQ`i2/ #v irQ `iB+H2bX hrQ Qi?2` `iB+H2b MQi2/ i?i dzMQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ (/`m;)Ǵ r2`2 b22M- 2p2M i?Qm;? a1b /B/ Q++m` BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6.- BM+Hm/BM; irQ bmB+B/2bX SQbi@i?2`Tv a1b r2`2 QKBii2/ BM irQ Qi?2` `iB+H2b- r?BH2 QM2 `iB+H2 QKBii2/ M a1 Q7 b2Bxm`2 BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT i?i ?/ #22M MQi2/ #v i?2 6.X

AM e Q7 kR UkNWV `iB+H2b- i?2 `2TQ`i2/ MmK#2`b Q7 a1b ;`22/- #mi  /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 i?2 a1b rb 2Bi?2` UT`iHvV KBbbBM; BM i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 U8 `iB+H2bV Q` /Bz2`2/ 7`QK i?2 6. /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 i?2 a1 UR `iB+H2V Uh#H2 jX9VX h?2 /Bb+`2TM+v BM /2b+`BTiBQM BMpQHp2/ M a1 i?i rb /2b+`B#2/ QMHv b dz2KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ BM i?2 DQm`MH

`iB+H2-8y

h#H2 jX9, JBbbBM; Q` /Bb+`2TMi a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb

.BbQ`/2` h`BH 6. `2TQ`iBM; CQm`MH `2TQ`iBM; J.. 993- 99N (R3N) 8 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT U9

bQKiB+ a1bc ++B/2MiH Qp2`@ /Qb2V M/ R8 a1b BM /`m; ;`QmTb U8 bQKiB+ a1bc j +b2b Q7 mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vc #Q`iBQMc TQbi@i?2`Tv /2T`2b@ bBQMc j +b2b Q7 2KQiBQMH H#BH@ Bivc /2T`2bbBQM M/ 2KQiBQMH H#BHBivc KMB+ `2+iBQMV LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

a. jRy3 (R8y) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT UMbH

b2TimK /BbQ`/2`V LQ /2b+`BTiBQM 8yk (R8R) Ǵ1KQiBQMH H#BHBivfBMi2MiBQMH

P. Q7 T`+2iKQH M/ b@ TB`BMǴ

Ǵ1KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ P*. jRyj (ReN) k a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT UM2Q@

THbK- mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vV M/ 8 BM /`m; ;`QmT UbmB@ +B/2 ii2KTi- ++B/2MiH BMDm`v-bi?K- ?QbiBHBiv- /2T`2bbBQMV

LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

Sha. e8R (Rej) N a1b BM T`Qt2iBM2 ;`QmT U?2/+?2c ++B/2MiH Qp2`/Qb2c #2MB;M M2QTHbKc mi2`BM2 M2Q@ THbKc mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vc k +b2b Q7 2KQiBQMH H#BHBivc KMB+ `2+iBQMV

N a1b MQi2/- #mi QMHv i?Qb2 i?Qm;?i TQbbB#Hv `2Hi2/ iQ i`2iK2Mi bT2+B}2/ U?2/+?2- ++B/2MiH

Qp2`/Qb2V edR (Rek) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT U?Bp2bV

M/ R a1 BM /`m; ;`QmT UTQbi@ i`2iK2Mi bmB+B/2 ii2KTiV

LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

6., 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQMc J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@ +QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P., Qp2`/Qb2X Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c a1, b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MiX

r?BH2 Bi rb /2b+`B#2/ b dz2KQiBQMH H#BHBivfBMi2MiBQMH P. (Qp2`/Qb2) Q7 T`+2iKQH  bTB`BMǴ #v i?2 6.X

qBi? `2;`/ iQ KBbbBM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- QM2 `iB+H2 bT2+B}2/ QMHv i?Qb2 a1b i?Qm;?i iQ #2 `2Hi2/ iQ /`m;- r?BH2 7Qm` `iB+H2b /B/ MQi T`QpB/2 /2b+`BTiBQMb 7Q` Mv a1bX AM 7Qm` Q7 i?2b2 }p2 `iB+H2b rBi? KBbbBM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; 6. `2pB2rb b?Qr2/ i?i i?2`2 rb  T`2TQM/2`M+2 Q7 Tbv+?Bi`B+ a1b bT2+B}+HHv BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTb- BM+Hm/BM; bmB+B/2 ii2KTi- ?QbiBHBiv- /2T`2bbBQM- 2KQiBQMH H#BHBiv- M/ KMB+ `2+iBQM- r?BH2 i?2`2 r2`2 HKQbi MQ bm+? a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmTX

3

h#H2 jXj, .Bb+`2TM+B2b BM MmK#2` Q7 `2TQ`i2/ a1b .BbQ`/2` h`BH 6. `2TQ`iBM; CQm`MH `2TQ`iBM; J.. 39ykj (R33) k bmB+B/2b BM KB`ixTBM2 ;`QmT pbX MQM2 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT ǴLQ +HBMB+HHv BKTQ`iMi a1b XXX ii`B#mi#H2 iQ KB`ixTBM2 r2`2 b22MǴ :. >J.h (Rj8) a2p2`2 MtB2iv M/ TQbi@

i?2`Tv /2i? /m2 iQ b@ T?vtBiBQM U+?QFBM;V

MtB2iv QMHv a. j3d (R83) 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b ǴQi?2`

2p2Mi Q7 +HBMB+H BMi2`2biǴ 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b a1 jNj (R8N) 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b ǴQi?2`

2p2Mi Q7 +HBMB+H BMi2`2biǴ 1p2Mi HBbi2/ b a1 989 (R8j) R a1 BM T`Qt2iBM2 ;`QmT

U#`BM 2/2K /m2 iQ +` +@ +B/2MiV

ǴLQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ T`Qt2iBM2 i`2iK2MiǴ N9@yy9 (R8e) S`2;MM+v rBi? TQbi@

i`2iK2Mi #Q`iBQM LQi K2MiBQM2/ S. jNN (R9e) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ 8 a1b BM p2MH7tBM2 ;`QmTb 3 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ 8 a1b BM p2MH7tBM2 ;`QmTb jNR (R93) 9 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT

M/ e a1b BM /`m; ;`QmT //BiBQMH a1 Q7 MtB2ivBM TH+2#Q ;`QmT 9N8 (R9k) a2Bxm`2 LQi K2MiBQM2/

6., 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQMc :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c a1, b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MiX

AM N Qmi Q7 kR U9jWV `iB+H2b i?2`2 r2`2 /Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 `2TQ`i2/ MmK#2` Q7 a1b-r?B+? H2/ iQ  bKHH2` Q` `2p2`b2/ /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 M/ i?mb  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 /`m;@TH+2#Q +QKT`BbQM BM d +b2b Uh#H2 jXjVX

hrQ `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/ //BiBQMH a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT- r?B+? ?/ #22M +HbbB}2/ b dzQi?2` +HBMB+H 2p2Mib Q7 BMi2`2biǴ #v i?2 6.X //BiBQMH a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT-r?B+? r2`2 MQi MQi2/ BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- r2`2 `2TQ`i2/ #v irQ `iB+H2bX hrQ Qi?2` `iB+H2b MQi2/ i?i dzMQ a1b ii`B#mi#H2 iQ (/`m;)Ǵ r2`2 b22M- 2p2M i?Qm;? a1b /B/ Q++m` BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6.- BM+Hm/BM; irQ bmB+B/2bX SQbi@i?2`Tv a1b r2`2 QKBii2/ BM irQ Qi?2` `iB+H2b- r?BH2 QM2 `iB+H2 QKBii2/ M a1 Q7 b2Bxm`2 BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT i?i ?/ #22M MQi2/ #v i?2 6.X

AM e Q7 kR UkNWV `iB+H2b- i?2 `2TQ`i2/ MmK#2`b Q7 a1b ;`22/- #mi  /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 i?2 a1b rb 2Bi?2` UT`iHvV KBbbBM; BM i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 U8 `iB+H2bV Q` /Bz2`2/ 7`QK i?2 6. /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 i?2 a1 UR `iB+H2V Uh#H2 jX9VX h?2 /Bb+`2TM+v BM /2b+`BTiBQM BMpQHp2/ M a1 i?i rb /2b+`B#2/ QMHv b dz2KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ BM i?2 DQm`MH

`iB+H2-8y

h#H2 jX9, JBbbBM; Q` /Bb+`2TMi a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb

.BbQ`/2` h`BH 6. `2TQ`iBM; CQm`MH `2TQ`iBM; J.. 993- 99N (R3N) 8 a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT U9

bQKiB+ a1bc ++B/2MiH Qp2`@ /Qb2V M/ R8 a1b BM /`m; ;`QmTb U8 bQKiB+ a1bc j +b2b Q7 mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vc #Q`iBQMc TQbi@i?2`Tv /2T`2b@ bBQMc j +b2b Q7 2KQiBQMH H#BH@ Bivc /2T`2bbBQM M/ 2KQiBQMH H#BHBivc KMB+ `2+iBQMV LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

a. jRy3 (R8y) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT UMbH

b2TimK /BbQ`/2`V LQ /2b+`BTiBQM 8yk (R8R) Ǵ1KQiBQMH H#BHBivfBMi2MiBQMH

P. Q7 T`+2iKQH M/ b@ TB`BMǴ

Ǵ1KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ P*. jRyj (ReN) k a1b BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT UM2Q@

THbK- mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vV M/ 8 BM /`m; ;`QmT UbmB@ +B/2 ii2KTi- ++B/2MiH BMDm`v-bi?K- ?QbiBHBiv- /2T`2bbBQMV

LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

Sha. e8R (Rej) N a1b BM T`Qt2iBM2 ;`QmT U?2/+?2c ++B/2MiH Qp2`/Qb2c #2MB;M M2QTHbKc mi2`BM2 M2Q@ THbKc mMBMi2M/2/ T`2;MM+vc k +b2b Q7 2KQiBQMH H#BHBivc KMB+ `2+iBQMV

N a1b MQi2/- #mi QMHv i?Qb2 i?Qm;?i TQbbB#Hv `2Hi2/ iQ i`2iK2Mi bT2+B}2/ U?2/+?2- ++B/2MiH Qp2`/Qb2V

edR (Rek) R a1 BM TH+2#Q ;`QmT U?Bp2bV M/ R a1 BM /`m; ;`QmT UTQbi@ i`2iK2Mi bmB+B/2 ii2KTiV

LQ /2b+`BTiBQM

6., 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQMc J.., KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@ +QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c P., Qp2`/Qb2X Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c a1, b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2MiX

r?BH2 Bi rb /2b+`B#2/ b dz2KQiBQMH H#BHBivfBMi2MiBQMH P. (Qp2`/Qb2) Q7 T`+2iKQH  bTB`BMǴ #v i?2 6.X

qBi? `2;`/ iQ KBbbBM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- QM2 `iB+H2 bT2+B}2/ QMHv i?Qb2 a1b i?Qm;?i iQ #2 `2Hi2/ iQ /`m;- r?BH2 7Qm` `iB+H2b /B/ MQi T`QpB/2 /2b+`BTiBQMb 7Q` Mv a1bX AM 7Qm` Q7 i?2b2 }p2 `iB+H2b rBi? KBbbBM; /2b+`BTiBQMb- i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; 6. `2pB2rb b?Qr2/ i?i i?2`2 rb  T`2TQM/2`M+2 Q7 Tbv+?Bi`B+ a1b bT2+B}+HHv BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTb- BM+Hm/BM; bmB+B/2 ii2KTi- ?QbiBHBiv- /2T`2bbBQM- 2KQiBQMH H#BHBiv- M/ KMB+ `2+iBQM- r?BH2 i?2`2 r2`2 HKQbi MQ bm+? a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmTX

.Bb+mbbBQM

S`BM+BTH }M/BM;b

q2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` #Bb BM i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Q` /Bb+QMiBM@ miBQM `i2b /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibX >Qr2p2`- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b r2`2 ?B;?- p2`;BM; TT`QtBKi2Hv jyW BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb- 2bT2+BHHv ;Bp2M i?2 b?Q`i Ue Ĝ Rk r22FbV /m`iBQM Q7 KQbi Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHbX 6m`i?2`KQ`2- T`iB+BTMib `2+2BpBM; M MiB/2T`2bbMi r2`2 kX9 iBK2b KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ /Bb+QMiBMm2 i?2 i`BH /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib i?M T`iB+BTMib `2+2BpBM; TH+2#QX

_2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1b rb p2`v TQQ`X AM dNW Q7 HH DQm`MH `iB+H2b- a1 /i rb BM+QKTH2i2 Q` KBbbBM;X HKQbi irQ@i?B`/b 7BH2/ iQ K2MiBQM a1b 2MiB`2Hv- M/ M //BiBQMH ReW Q7 `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ BM+QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM `2;`/BM; a1bX 6Q` BMbiM+2- bQK2 `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ QMHv i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b- rBi?Qmi Mv /2b+`BTiBQMX :Bp2M i?2 B/BQbvM+`iB+ Mim`2 Q7 a1b- bm+? MmK#2`b ?p2 HBiiH2 K2MBM;X Pi?2` `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT QMHvX >Qr2p2`- H+FBM; BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi i?2 #b2 `i2 Q7 a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT- `2/2`b +MMQi b+2`iBM r?2i?2` i?2 `i2 UQ` Mim`2V Q7 a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT b?QmH/ #2 +mb2 7Q` +QM+2`MX AM bQK2 Q7 i?2b2 +b2b- i?2 6. `2pB2r b?Qr2/ i?i i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT rb x2`Q- #mi i?Bb rb MQi Hrvb i?2 +b2 M/ ?2M+2 +MMQi #2 bbmK2/X

6m`i?2`KQ`2- r?2`2  /B`2+i +QKT`BbQM rBi? i?2 6. /i rb TQbbB#H2- /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 7`2[m2Mi M/ mbmHHv H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 +QKT`BbQM #2ir22M /`m; M/ TH+2#Q BM i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2X .Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 MmK#2` Q7 `2TQ`i2/ a1b KQbi +QKKQMHv Q`B;BMi2/ 7`QK i?2 QKBbbBQM Q7 TQbi@i?2`Tv a1b Q` i?2 QKBbbBQM Q7 2p2Mib i?i r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 mM`2Hi2/ iQ i`2iK2MiX >Qr2p2`- bm+? Dm/;K2Mib `2 K/2 bm#D2+iBp2Hv #v bBi2 BMp2biB;iQ`bX b i?2v `2 #HBM/ iQ i`2iK2Mi bbB;MK2Mi- M/ i?2 b72iv T`Q}H2 Q7  M2r /`m; +MMQi #2 FMQrM mMiBH i?2 2MiB`2 +HBMB+H i`BHb T`Q;`K ?b #22M +QKTH2i2/- Bi Bb BKTQbbB#H2 7Q` BMp2biB;iQ`b iQ /2i2`KBM2 +mbHBivX

b 2pB/2M+2 i?i bm+? Dm/;K2Mib H2/ iQ mM/m2 QKBbbBQM Q7 a1b- BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v-QM2 `iB+H2 +QM+Hm/2/ i?i dzMQ +HBMB+HHv BKTQ`iMi b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Q` bB/2 2z2+ib ii`B#mi#H2 iQ KB`ixTBM2 r2`2 b22MǴ (R33)- 2p2M i?Qm;?- ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. `2pB2r-k UQ7 8NV TiB2Mib i`2i2/ rBi? KB`ixTBM2 /B2/ #v bmB+B/2X Pi?2` `iB+H2b M2;H2+i2/ iQ T`QpB/2  /2b+`BTiBQM 7Q` bQK2 Q` HH a1b- r?BH2 i?2 6. /i `2p2H2/  ;`2i2` MmK#2` Q7 Tbv+?Bi`B+ /p2`b2 2p2Mib bT2+B}+HHv BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX am+? Tbv+?Bi`B+ /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 Q7 T`iB+mH` +QM+2`M- bBM+2 MiB/2T`2bbMib ?p2 #22M KQbi +QMi`Qp2`bBHHv bbQ+Bi2/ rBi? bmB+B/HBiv U2bT2+BHHv BM +?BH/`2M M/ vQmM; /mHibV (RNy- RNR- RNk) M/ ;;`2bbBQM Q` pBQH2M+2 (RNk- RNj- RN9- RN8)X

"2+mb2 a1b `2 BM7`2[m2Mi- Bi Bb Q7i2M /B{+mHi iQ `2HB#Hv /2i2`KBM2 r?2i?2` i?2v `2 /m2 iQ  /`m; QM i?2 #bBb Q7 M 2MiB`2 +HBMB+H i`BHb T`Q;`K- Km+? H2bb  bBM;H2

8k

MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHX :Bp2M i?2 bKHH MmK#2`b- M 2t+2bb Q7 a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT Kv #2  +?M+2 }M/BM;- bQ KMv mi?Q`b Kv +?QQb2 iQ QKBi i?2b2 /i 7`QK DQm`MH `iB+H2b iQ pQB/ H`KBM; +HBMB+BMbX Hi?Qm;? K2i@MHvbBb Q7  H`;2 b2i Q7 i`BHb +M ?2HT +QKT2Mbi2 7Q` i?2 bKHH bKTH2 bBx2 Q7 BM/BpB/mH i`BHb- TQQ` `2TQ`iBM; ?KT2`b K2i@MHvbBb Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b #v BM/2T2M/2Mi mi?Q`bX Pmi+QK2 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb Bb bB/ iQ #2  KDQ` i?`2i iQ i?2 pHB/Biv Q7 bvbi2KiB+ `2pB2rb Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b (RNe)X aT+2 HBKBiiBQMb BKTQb2/ #v DQm`MHb KB;?i HbQ #2  `2bQM iQ QKBi a1b 2MiB`2Hv Q` a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb bT2+B}+HHv- T`iB+mH`Hv r?2M +QK#BM2/ rBi?  ;2M2`HHv ;`2i2` BMi2`2bi BM 2{++v `2bmHib i?M BM b72iv `2bmHib QM i?2 T`i Q7 2/BiQ`b M/ `2/2`bX

*QKT`BbQM rBi? T`2pBQmb HBi2`im`2

a2p2`H bim/B2b ?p2 7QmM/ i?i- +QKT`2/ iQ *HBMB+Hh`BHbX;Qp- a1 `2TQ`iBM; BM +Q``2@ bTQM/BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b Bb BM+QKTH2i2 (RNd- RN3- RNN)X .Bb+`2TM+B2b `2 +QKKQM- M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b ;2M2`HHv `2TQ`i 72r2` a1bX aBKBH` iQ Qm` `2bmHib- irQ Q7 i?2b2 bim/B2b 7QmM/ i?i QM2 `2bQM 7Q` /Bb+`2TM+B2b rb i?i DQm`MH `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/ QMHv a1b i?2v Dm/;2/ iQ #2 /`m;@`2Hi2/ (RNd- RN3)X

_2;`/BM; MiB/2T`2bbMib bT2+B}+HHv- JmM/ M/ +QHH2;m2b 2tKBM2/ i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb M/ #2M2}ib BM N i`BHb Q7 /mHQt2iBM2 7Q` J.. U2B;?i Q7 r?B+? r2`2 HbQ BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/vV (8d)X *QMbBbi2Mi rBi? Qm` `2bmHib 7Q` /mHQt2iBM2 7Q` J.. bT2+B}+HHv-i?2v 7QmM/ MQ /Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQMb #2+mb2 Q7 /p2`b2 2p2Mib Q` a1b- Hi?Qm;? a1 `2TQ`iBM; rb p2`v BM+QKTH2i2X

>m;?2b M/ +QHH2;m2b- 2tKBMBM; i`BHb Q7 b2p2`H Tbv+?Qi`QTB+ K2/B+iBQMb UBM+Hm/BM; /mHQt2iBM2 M/ b2`i`HBM2V HbQ 7QmM/ i?i M2`Hv ?H7 Q7 HH a1b `2TQ`i2/ BM i`BH bmK@ K`B2b r2`2 MQi `2TQ`i2/ BM i?2 bbQ+Bi2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b- BM+Hm/BM; Qp2` ?H7 Q7 HH +b2b Q7 /2i? M/ bmB+B/2 (83)X q?2`2 a1b r2`2 `2TQ`i2/- /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 +QKKQMX KQM; i?2 `2bQMb 7Q` /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 MQi `2TQ`iBM; a1b Q++m``BM; /m`BM; 7QHHQr@mT M/ QMHv `2TQ`iBM; dz/`m;@`2Hi2/Ǵ a1b- #Qi? Q7 r?B+? r2 HbQ 7QmM/X

dz1KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ rb QM2 Q7 i?2 KQbi 7`2[m2MiHv 2M+QmMi2`2/ a1 i2`Kb BM i?Bb bim/vX AM +HBMB+H i`BHb- M``iBp2 /2b+`BTiBQMb Q7 /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 +Q/2/ iQ  T`272``2/ i2`K #v mb2 Q7  K2/B+H /B+iBQM`v (kyy)- #mi Bi Bb Q7i2M mM+H2` r?i i?Bb i2`K +imHHv K2MbX  `2+2Mi `2@MHvbBb Q7 TiB2Mi@H2p2H /i 7`QK  i`BH Q7 T`Qt2iBM2 7Q` J.. BM +?BH/`2M M/ /QH2b+2Mib b?Qr2/ i?i i?Bb i2`K rb mb2/ iQ +Q/2 7Q` bmB+B/H B/2iBQM- b2H7@?`K-Q` bmB+B/2 ii2KTib (jj)X *QMbBbi2Mi rBi? i?Bb- r2 Q#b2`p2/  +b2 BM r?B+? i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 K2MiBQM2/ QMHv 2KQiBQMH H#BHBiv- r?BH2 i?2 6. //BiBQMHHv `2TQ`i2/ BMi2MiBQMH Qp2`/Qb2X >m;?2b M/ +QHH2;m2b HbQ 7QmM/ +b2b BM r?B+?- +QKT`2/ iQ i`BH bmKK`B2b-DQm`MH `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ K`F2/Hv H2bb BM7Q`KiBp2 a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb U2X;X dzrQ`b2MBM; Q7 i?2 BHHM2bbǴ +QKT`2/ iQ dzbmB+B/H B/2iBQMǴV (83)X >2M+2- mbBM; p;m2 /2b+`BTiBQMb Kv #2 M //BiBQMH rv BM r?B+? a1 `2TQ`iBM; +M #2 #Bb2/X

3

.Bb+mbbBQM

S`BM+BTH }M/BM;b

q2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` #Bb BM i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 Qp2`HH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Q` /Bb+QMiBM@ miBQM `i2b /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2MibX >Qr2p2`- /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b r2`2 ?B;?- p2`;BM; TT`QtBKi2Hv jyW BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb- 2bT2+BHHv ;Bp2M i?2 b?Q`i Ue Ĝ Rk r22FbV /m`iBQM Q7 KQbi Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHbX 6m`i?2`KQ`2- T`iB+BTMib `2+2BpBM; M MiB/2T`2bbMi r2`2 kX9 iBK2b KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ /Bb+QMiBMm2 i?2 i`BH /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib i?M T`iB+BTMib `2+2BpBM; TH+2#QX

_2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1b rb p2`v TQQ`X AM dNW Q7 HH DQm`MH `iB+H2b- a1 /i rb BM+QKTH2i2 Q` KBbbBM;X HKQbi irQ@i?B`/b 7BH2/ iQ K2MiBQM a1b 2MiB`2Hv- M/ M //BiBQMH ReW Q7 `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ BM+QKTH2i2 BM7Q`KiBQM `2;`/BM; a1bX 6Q` BMbiM+2- bQK2 `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ QMHv i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b- rBi?Qmi Mv /2b+`BTiBQMX :Bp2M i?2 B/BQbvM+`iB+ Mim`2 Q7 a1b- bm+? MmK#2`b ?p2 HBiiH2 K2MBM;X Pi?2` `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b 7Q` i?2 /`m; ;`QmT QMHvX >Qr2p2`- H+FBM; BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi i?2 #b2 `i2 Q7 a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT- `2/2`b +MMQi b+2`iBM r?2i?2` i?2 `i2 UQ` Mim`2V Q7 a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT b?QmH/ #2 +mb2 7Q` +QM+2`MX AM bQK2 Q7 i?2b2 +b2b- i?2 6. `2pB2r b?Qr2/ i?i i?2 MmK#2` Q7 a1b BM i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT rb x2`Q- #mi i?Bb rb MQi Hrvb i?2 +b2 M/ ?2M+2 +MMQi #2 bbmK2/X

6m`i?2`KQ`2- r?2`2  /B`2+i +QKT`BbQM rBi? i?2 6. /i rb TQbbB#H2- /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 7`2[m2Mi M/ mbmHHv H2/ iQ  KQ`2 7pQ`#H2 +QKT`BbQM #2ir22M /`m; M/ TH+2#Q BM i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2X .Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 MmK#2` Q7 `2TQ`i2/ a1b KQbi +QKKQMHv Q`B;BMi2/ 7`QK i?2 QKBbbBQM Q7 TQbi@i?2`Tv a1b Q` i?2 QKBbbBQM Q7 2p2Mib i?i r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 mM`2Hi2/ iQ i`2iK2MiX >Qr2p2`- bm+? Dm/;K2Mib `2 K/2 bm#D2+iBp2Hv #v bBi2 BMp2biB;iQ`bX b i?2v `2 #HBM/ iQ i`2iK2Mi bbB;MK2Mi- M/ i?2 b72iv T`Q}H2 Q7  M2r /`m; +MMQi #2 FMQrM mMiBH i?2 2MiB`2 +HBMB+H i`BHb T`Q;`K ?b #22M +QKTH2i2/- Bi Bb BKTQbbB#H2 7Q` BMp2biB;iQ`b iQ /2i2`KBM2 +mbHBivX

b 2pB/2M+2 i?i bm+? Dm/;K2Mib H2/ iQ mM/m2 QKBbbBQM Q7 a1b- BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v-QM2 `iB+H2 +QM+Hm/2/ i?i dzMQ +HBMB+HHv BKTQ`iMi b2`BQmb /p2`b2 2p2Mib Q` bB/2 2z2+ib ii`B#mi#H2 iQ KB`ixTBM2 r2`2 b22MǴ (R33)- 2p2M i?Qm;?- ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 6. `2pB2r-k UQ7 8NV TiB2Mib i`2i2/ rBi? KB`ixTBM2 /B2/ #v bmB+B/2X Pi?2` `iB+H2b M2;H2+i2/ iQ T`QpB/2  /2b+`BTiBQM 7Q` bQK2 Q` HH a1b- r?BH2 i?2 6. /i `2p2H2/  ;`2i2` MmK#2` Q7 Tbv+?Bi`B+ /p2`b2 2p2Mib bT2+B}+HHv BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX am+? Tbv+?Bi`B+ /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 Q7 T`iB+mH` +QM+2`M- bBM+2 MiB/2T`2bbMib ?p2 #22M KQbi +QMi`Qp2`bBHHv bbQ+Bi2/ rBi? bmB+B/HBiv U2bT2+BHHv BM +?BH/`2M M/ vQmM; /mHibV (RNy- RNR- RNk) M/ ;;`2bbBQM Q` pBQH2M+2 (RNk- RNj- RN9- RN8)X

"2+mb2 a1b `2 BM7`2[m2Mi- Bi Bb Q7i2M /B{+mHi iQ `2HB#Hv /2i2`KBM2 r?2i?2` i?2v `2 /m2 iQ  /`m; QM i?2 #bBb Q7 M 2MiB`2 +HBMB+H i`BHb T`Q;`K- Km+? H2bb  bBM;H2

8k

MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHX :Bp2M i?2 bKHH MmK#2`b- M 2t+2bb Q7 a1b BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmT Kv #2  +?M+2 }M/BM;- bQ KMv mi?Q`b Kv +?QQb2 iQ QKBi i?2b2 /i 7`QK DQm`MH `iB+H2b iQ pQB/ H`KBM; +HBMB+BMbX Hi?Qm;? K2i@MHvbBb Q7  H`;2 b2i Q7 i`BHb +M ?2HT +QKT2Mbi2 7Q` i?2 bKHH bKTH2 bBx2 Q7 BM/BpB/mH i`BHb- TQQ` `2TQ`iBM; ?KT2`b K2i@MHvbBb Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b #v BM/2T2M/2Mi mi?Q`bX Pmi+QK2 `2TQ`iBM; #Bb Bb bB/ iQ #2  KDQ` i?`2i iQ i?2 pHB/Biv Q7 bvbi2KiB+ `2pB2rb Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b (RNe)X aT+2 HBKBiiBQMb BKTQb2/ #v DQm`MHb KB;?i HbQ #2  `2bQM iQ QKBi a1b 2MiB`2Hv Q` a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb bT2+B}+HHv- T`iB+mH`Hv r?2M +QK#BM2/ rBi?  ;2M2`HHv ;`2i2` BMi2`2bi BM 2{++v `2bmHib i?M BM b72iv `2bmHib QM i?2 T`i Q7 2/BiQ`b M/ `2/2`bX

*QKT`BbQM rBi? T`2pBQmb HBi2`im`2

a2p2`H bim/B2b ?p2 7QmM/ i?i- +QKT`2/ iQ *HBMB+Hh`BHbX;Qp- a1 `2TQ`iBM; BM +Q``2@ bTQM/BM; DQm`MH `iB+H2b Bb BM+QKTH2i2 (RNd- RN3- RNN)X .Bb+`2TM+B2b `2 +QKKQM- M/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b ;2M2`HHv `2TQ`i 72r2` a1bX aBKBH` iQ Qm` `2bmHib- irQ Q7 i?2b2 bim/B2b 7QmM/ i?i QM2 `2bQM 7Q` /Bb+`2TM+B2b rb i?i DQm`MH `iB+H2b `2TQ`i2/ QMHv a1b i?2v Dm/;2/ iQ #2 /`m;@`2Hi2/ (RNd- RN3)X

_2;`/BM; MiB/2T`2bbMib bT2+B}+HHv- JmM/ M/ +QHH2;m2b 2tKBM2/ i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`Kb M/ #2M2}ib BM N i`BHb Q7 /mHQt2iBM2 7Q` J.. U2B;?i Q7 r?B+? r2`2 HbQ BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/vV (8d)X *QMbBbi2Mi rBi? Qm` `2bmHib 7Q` /mHQt2iBM2 7Q` J.. bT2+B}+HHv-i?2v 7QmM/ MQ /Bb+`2TM+B2b BM i?2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQMb #2+mb2 Q7 /p2`b2 2p2Mib Q` a1b- Hi?Qm;? a1 `2TQ`iBM; rb p2`v BM+QKTH2i2X

>m;?2b M/ +QHH2;m2b- 2tKBMBM; i`BHb Q7 b2p2`H Tbv+?Qi`QTB+ K2/B+iBQMb UBM+Hm/BM; /mHQt2iBM2 M/ b2`i`HBM2V HbQ 7QmM/ i?i M2`Hv ?H7 Q7 HH a1b `2TQ`i2/ BM i`BH bmK@ K`B2b r2`2 MQi `2TQ`i2/ BM i?2 bbQ+Bi2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b- BM+Hm/BM; Qp2` ?H7 Q7 HH +b2b Q7 /2i? M/ bmB+B/2 (83)X q?2`2 a1b r2`2 `2TQ`i2/- /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 +QKKQMX KQM; i?2 `2bQMb 7Q` /Bb+`2TM+B2b r2`2 MQi `2TQ`iBM; a1b Q++m``BM; /m`BM; 7QHHQr@mT M/ QMHv `2TQ`iBM; dz/`m;@`2Hi2/Ǵ a1b- #Qi? Q7 r?B+? r2 HbQ 7QmM/X

dz1KQiBQMH H#BHBivǴ rb QM2 Q7 i?2 KQbi 7`2[m2MiHv 2M+QmMi2`2/ a1 i2`Kb BM i?Bb bim/vX AM +HBMB+H i`BHb- M``iBp2 /2b+`BTiBQMb Q7 /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 +Q/2/ iQ  T`272``2/ i2`K #v mb2 Q7  K2/B+H /B+iBQM`v (kyy)- #mi Bi Bb Q7i2M mM+H2` r?i i?Bb i2`K +imHHv K2MbX  `2+2Mi `2@MHvbBb Q7 TiB2Mi@H2p2H /i 7`QK  i`BH Q7 T`Qt2iBM2 7Q` J.. BM +?BH/`2M M/ /QH2b+2Mib b?Qr2/ i?i i?Bb i2`K rb mb2/ iQ +Q/2 7Q` bmB+B/H B/2iBQM- b2H7@?`K-Q` bmB+B/2 ii2KTib (jj)X *QMbBbi2Mi rBi? i?Bb- r2 Q#b2`p2/  +b2 BM r?B+? i?2 DQm`MH `iB+H2 K2MiBQM2/ QMHv 2KQiBQMH H#BHBiv- r?BH2 i?2 6. //BiBQMHHv `2TQ`i2/ BMi2MiBQMH Qp2`/Qb2X >m;?2b M/ +QHH2;m2b HbQ 7QmM/ +b2b BM r?B+?- +QKT`2/ iQ i`BH bmKK`B2b-DQm`MH `iB+H2b T`QpB/2/ K`F2/Hv H2bb BM7Q`KiBp2 a1 /2b+`BTiBQMb U2X;X dzrQ`b2MBM; Q7 i?2 BHHM2bbǴ +QKT`2/ iQ dzbmB+B/H B/2iBQMǴV (83)X >2M+2- mbBM; p;m2 /2b+`BTiBQMb Kv #2 M //BiBQMH rv BM r?B+? a1 `2TQ`iBM; +M #2 #Bb2/X

ai`2M;i?b M/ HBKBiiBQMb

KQM; i?2 bi`2M;i?b Q7 Qm` bim/v Bb Qm` mb2 Q7 i?2 BM/2T2M/2Mi 6. /i#b2- r?B+? T2`KBii2/ mb iQ B/2MiB7v  +QKTH2i2 +Q?Q`i Q7 T`2@K`F2iBM; i`BHbX b  +QMb2[m2M+2- M/ BM +QMi`bi iQ T`2pBQmb `2b2`+?- r2 r2`2 #H2 iQ BM+Hm/2  rB/2` `M;2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMibX q2 HbQ 2tKBM2/ BKTQ`iMi ?`K Qmi+QK2b #2vQM/ a1b- T`QpB/BM;  KQ`2 +QKTH2i2 Qp2`pB2r Q7 `2TQ`iBM; QM ?`KbX

Pm` bim/v rb HBKBi2/ #v i?2 BM7Q`KiBQM KBbbBM; 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb- T`iB+mH`Hv rBi? `2;`/ iQ a1b- r?B+? ?KT2`2/ Qm` #BHBiv iQ T2`7Q`K /B`2+i +QKT`BbQMb #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ i?2 6.X h?Bb rb 2bT2+BHHv i`m2 7Q` QH/2` i`BHb Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` J..X Hi?Qm;? a1b r2`2 HKQbi +2`iBMHv 2tKBM2/ /m`BM; i?2 /`m; TT`QpH T`Q+2bb- i?Bb BM7Q`KiBQM rb KBbbBM; 7`QK i?2 /`m; TTHB+iBQM T+F;2b T`QpB/2/ iQ mbX h?2`27Q`2- Hi?Qm;? bQK2 BM7Q`KiBQM KB;?i biBHH #2 7QmM/ QM +HBMB+H i`BH `2;Bbi`B2b-/i QM a1b Bb mMpBH#H2 iQ i?2 Tm#HB+ 7Q`  bB;MB}+Mi 7`+iBQM Q7 HH i`BHb T2`7Q`K2/ iQ Q#iBM K`F2iBM; TT`QpH 7Q` b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib- r?B+? `2 +m``2MiHv T`2b+`B#2/ iQ TT`QtBKi2Hv RyW Q7 i?2 la TQTmHiBQM (RyN)X

MQi?2` HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 /B/ MQi 2tKBM2 +QKKQM /p2`b2 2p2MibX S`2pBQmb rQ`F ?b 7QmM/ i?i KMv +QKKQM /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 MQi `2TQ`i2/ BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b- b i?2b2 Q7i2M QMHv `2TQ`i i?Qb2 #Qp2  +2`iBM 7`2[m2M+v i?`2b?QH/ U2X;X =RyW BM+B/2M+2 BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTV (8d)X

6m`i?2`KQ`2- r2 2tKBM2/ bT2+B}+HHv r?2i?2` i?2 bK2 BM7Q`KiBQM +QmH/ #2 2ti`+i2/ 7`QK DQm`MH `iB+H2b b 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb- rBi?Qmi 2tKBMBM; KQ`2 bm#iH2 #Bb2bX S`2@ pBQmb bim/B2b- 7Q` 2tKTH2- ?p2 b?QrM i?i Km+? H2bb bT+2 Bb /2pQi2/ iQ `2TQ`iBM; QM ?`Kb i?M Bb /2pQi2/ iQ `2TQ`iBM; QM 2{++v (8j- 89)X AM i?Bb bim/v- r2 7QmM/ i?i `2TQ`iBM; Q7 i?2 +imH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b rb mM#Bb2/- #mi KMv DQm`MH `iB+H2b +QM@ +Hm/2- BM i?2B` #bi`+i- i?i i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi rb dzb72Ǵ- dzr2HH@iQH2`i2/Ǵ- Q` #Qi?- 2p2M i?Qm;? MiB/2T`2bbMi@i`2i2/ T`iB+BTMib r2`2- QM p2`;2- kX9 iBK2b KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ /Bb@ +QMiBMm2 /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib i?M TH+2#Q@i`2i2/ TiB2MibX h?Bb KB;?i #2 +QMbB/2`2/  7Q`K Q7 bTBM- T`iB+mH`Hv B7 i?2 #bi`+i KF2b MQ K2MiBQM Q7 i?2 +imH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Q` Q++m``2M+2 Q7 /p2`b2 2p2MibX

*QM+HmbBQMb

q?BH2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b b?Qr2/ MQ #Bb- `2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1b rb p2`v TQQ`-M/ BM+QMbBbi2M+B2b #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b TQQ`-M/ 6. `2pB2rb r2`2 +QKKQMX S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b b?QrM i?i /QTiBQM Q7 i?2 *PLaP_h +?2+FHBbi H2/b iQ #2ii2` `2TQ`iBM; Q7 i?2 /2bB;M- T`iB+BTMi ~Qr M/ `2bmHib 7Q` 2{++v Qmi+QK2b BM  i`BH (kyR)c +QKTHBM+2 rBi? i?2 *PLaP_h 2ti2MbBQM 7Q` ?`Kb b?QmH/ bBKBH`Hv BKT`Qp2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b (kyk)X >Qr2p2`- BM7Q`KiBQM QM ?`Kb BM T`2pBQmbHv +QKTH2i2/ i`BHb +M QMHv #2+QK2 ++2bbB#H2 B7 T?`K+2miB+H +QKTMB2b Q` BMp2biB;iQ`b +?QQb2 iQ `2H2b2 BiX Pm`

89

`2bmHib i?mb b?Qr i?i M ++m`i2 bb2bbK2Mi Q7 i?2 `BbF@#2M2}i `iBQ Q7 KMv rB/2Hv T`2b+`B#2/ MiB/2T`2bbMib Bb ?KT2`2/ #v TQQ` M/ #Bb2/ `2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1bX

ai`2M;i?b M/ HBKBiiBQMb

KQM; i?2 bi`2M;i?b Q7 Qm` bim/v Bb Qm` mb2 Q7 i?2 BM/2T2M/2Mi 6. /i#b2- r?B+? T2`KBii2/ mb iQ B/2MiB7v  +QKTH2i2 +Q?Q`i Q7 T`2@K`F2iBM; i`BHbX b  +QMb2[m2M+2- M/ BM +QMi`bi iQ T`2pBQmb `2b2`+?- r2 r2`2 #H2 iQ BM+Hm/2  rB/2` `M;2 Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMibX q2 HbQ 2tKBM2/ BKTQ`iMi ?`K Qmi+QK2b #2vQM/ a1b- T`QpB/BM;  KQ`2 +QKTH2i2 Qp2`pB2r Q7 `2TQ`iBM; QM ?`KbX

Pm` bim/v rb HBKBi2/ #v i?2 BM7Q`KiBQM KBbbBM; 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb- T`iB+mH`Hv rBi? `2;`/ iQ a1b- r?B+? ?KT2`2/ Qm` #BHBiv iQ T2`7Q`K /B`2+i +QKT`BbQMb #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b M/ i?2 6.X h?Bb rb 2bT2+BHHv i`m2 7Q` QH/2` i`BHb Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` J..X Hi?Qm;? a1b r2`2 HKQbi +2`iBMHv 2tKBM2/ /m`BM; i?2 /`m; TT`QpH T`Q+2bb- i?Bb BM7Q`KiBQM rb KBbbBM; 7`QK i?2 /`m; TTHB+iBQM T+F;2b T`QpB/2/ iQ mbX h?2`27Q`2- Hi?Qm;? bQK2 BM7Q`KiBQM KB;?i biBHH #2 7QmM/ QM +HBMB+H i`BH `2;Bbi`B2b-/i QM a1b Bb mMpBH#H2 iQ i?2 Tm#HB+ 7Q`  bB;MB}+Mi 7`+iBQM Q7 HH i`BHb T2`7Q`K2/ iQ Q#iBM K`F2iBM; TT`QpH 7Q` b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib- r?B+? `2 +m``2MiHv T`2b+`B#2/ iQ TT`QtBKi2Hv RyW Q7 i?2 la TQTmHiBQM (RyN)X

MQi?2` HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 /B/ MQi 2tKBM2 +QKKQM /p2`b2 2p2MibX S`2pBQmb rQ`F ?b 7QmM/ i?i KMv +QKKQM /p2`b2 2p2Mib `2 MQi `2TQ`i2/ BM DQm`MH `iB+H2b- b i?2b2 Q7i2M QMHv `2TQ`i i?Qb2 #Qp2  +2`iBM 7`2[m2M+v i?`2b?QH/ U2X;X =RyW BM+B/2M+2 BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTV (8d)X

6m`i?2`KQ`2- r2 2tKBM2/ bT2+B}+HHv r?2i?2` i?2 bK2 BM7Q`KiBQM +QmH/ #2 2ti`+i2/ 7`QK DQm`MH `iB+H2b b 7`QK 6. `2pB2rb- rBi?Qmi 2tKBMBM; KQ`2 bm#iH2 #Bb2bX S`2@ pBQmb bim/B2b- 7Q` 2tKTH2- ?p2 b?QrM i?i Km+? H2bb bT+2 Bb /2pQi2/ iQ `2TQ`iBM; QM ?`Kb i?M Bb /2pQi2/ iQ `2TQ`iBM; QM 2{++v (8j- 89)X AM i?Bb bim/v- r2 7QmM/ i?i `2TQ`iBM; Q7 i?2 +imH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b rb mM#Bb2/- #mi KMv DQm`MH `iB+H2b +QM@ +Hm/2- BM i?2B` #bi`+i- i?i i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi rb dzb72Ǵ- dzr2HH@iQH2`i2/Ǵ- Q` #Qi?- 2p2M i?Qm;? MiB/2T`2bbMi@i`2i2/ T`iB+BTMib r2`2- QM p2`;2- kX9 iBK2b KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ /Bb@ +QMiBMm2 /m2 iQ /p2`b2 2p2Mib i?M TH+2#Q@i`2i2/ TiB2MibX h?Bb KB;?i #2 +QMbB/2`2/  7Q`K Q7 bTBM- T`iB+mH`Hv B7 i?2 #bi`+i KF2b MQ K2MiBQM Q7 i?2 +imH /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b Q` Q++m``2M+2 Q7 /p2`b2 2p2MibX

*QM+HmbBQMb

q?BH2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 /Bb+QMiBMmiBQM `i2b b?Qr2/ MQ #Bb- `2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1b rb p2`v TQQ`-M/ BM+QMbBbi2M+B2b #2ir22M DQm`MH `iB+H2b TQQ`-M/ 6. `2pB2rb r2`2 +QKKQMX S`2pBQmb `2b2`+? ?b b?QrM i?i /QTiBQM Q7 i?2 *PLaP_h +?2+FHBbi H2/b iQ #2ii2` `2TQ`iBM; Q7 i?2 /2bB;M- T`iB+BTMi ~Qr M/ `2bmHib 7Q` 2{++v Qmi+QK2b BM  i`BH (kyR)c +QKTHBM+2 rBi? i?2 *PLaP_h 2ti2MbBQM 7Q` ?`Kb b?QmH/ bBKBH`Hv BKT`Qp2 `2TQ`iBM; Q7 ?`K Qmi+QK2b (kyk)X >Qr2p2`- BM7Q`KiBQM QM ?`Kb BM T`2pBQmbHv +QKTH2i2/ i`BHb +M QMHv #2+QK2 ++2bbB#H2 B7 T?`K+2miB+H +QKTMB2b Q` BMp2biB;iQ`b +?QQb2 iQ `2H2b2 BiX Pm`

89

`2bmHib i?mb b?Qr i?i M ++m`i2 bb2bbK2Mi Q7 i?2 `BbF@#2M2}i `iBQ Q7 KMv rB/2Hv T`2b+`B#2/ MiB/2T`2bbMib Bb ?KT2`2/ #v TQQ` M/ #Bb2/ `2TQ`iBM; Q7 a1bX

*?Ti2` 9

>B/BM; M2;iBp2 MiB/2T`2bbMi i`BHb

#v TQQHBM; i?2K, i?2 TQQH2/@i`BHb

Tm#HB+iBQM #Bb

uKFD2 MM /2 o`B2b- MM2HB2F2 JX _Q2bi-1`B+F >X hm`M2`- S2i2` /2 CQM;2