• No results found

University of Groningen Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry de Vries, Ymkje Anna

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "University of Groningen Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry de Vries, Ymkje Anna"

Copied!
21
0
0

Bezig met laden.... (Bekijk nu de volledige tekst)

Hele tekst

(1)

Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry

de Vries, Ymkje Anna

IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.

Document Version

Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Publication date: 2018

Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database

Citation for published version (APA):

de Vries, Y. A. (2018). Evidence-b(i)ased psychiatry. University of Groningen.

Copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).

Take-down policy

If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.

(2)

*?Ti2` N

AM~m2M+2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv QM

MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v 7Q` MtB2iv

/BbQ`/2`b, K2i@MHvbBb M/

K2i@`2;`2bbBQM

uKFD2 MM /2 o`B2b- S2i2` /2 CQM;2- 1/rBM pM /2M >2mp2H-1`B+F >X hm`M2`- MM2HB2F2 JX _Q2bi "`BiBb? CQm`MH Q7 Sbv+?Bi`v UkyReV- ky3- 8R8 @ 8kR

(3)

#bi`+i

"+F;`QmM/, MiB/2T`2bbMib `2 2bi#HBb?2/ }`bi@HBM2 i`2iK2Mib 7Q` MtB2iv

/BbQ`/2`b-#mi Bi Bb MQi +H2` r?2i?2` i?2v `2 2[mHHv 2z2+iBp2 +`Qbb i?2 b2p2`Biv `M;2X

BKb, hQ 2tKBM2 i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 MtB2iv QM MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{@

++v 7Q` ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V- bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V- Q#b2bbBp2@ +QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.VX

J2i?Q/b, 6B7iv@bBt i`BHb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2i@

K2Mi 7Q` M MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` r2`2 BM+Hm/2/X "b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b r2`2 2ti`+i2/ 7Q` TH+2#Q M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmTb BM 2+? i`BHX JBt2/@2z2+ib K2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb mb2/ iQ BMp2biB;i2 i?2 2z2+ib Q7 i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv- M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX

_2bmHib, AM+`2bBM; #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ MQi T`2/B+i ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM /`m; ;`QmTb

+QKT`2/ iQ TH+2#Q ;`QmTbX aiM/`/Bx2/ `2;`2bbBQM +Q2{+B2Mib Q7 i?2 BMi2`+iBQM i2`K #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT r2`2 yXy9 UN8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH @yXRj iQ yXky- T4yXe8V 7Q` :.- @yXye U@yXky iQ yXyN- T4yX9jV 7Q` a.- yXy9 U@yXyd iQ yXRe- T4yX9eV 7Q` P*.- yXRe U@yXkk iQ yX8j- T4yXjdV 7Q` Sha.- M/ yXyyk U@yXRy iQ yXRy- T4yXNeV 7Q` S.X 6Q` P*.- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ T`2/B+i BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb 2[mHHv Uβ 4 yXRR- N8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH yXy8 iQ yXRd- T4yXyyRVX

*QM+HmbBQMb, LQ `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2

rb 7QmM/ 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?2b2 `2bmHib bm;;2bi i?i B7 i?2 2{++v Q7 MiB/2@ T`2bbMib Bb +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi- i?2v Kv #2 T`2b+`B#2/ iQ MtBQmb TiB2Mib `2;`/H2bb Q7 bvKTiQK b2p2`BivX

Rk3

AMi`Q/m+iBQM

MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b `2 i?2 KQbi +QKKQM K2MiH /BbQ`/2`b- rBi?  +QK#BM2/ Rk@KQMi? T`2pH2M+2 Q7 R3XRW (9) M/ HB72iBK2 T`2pH2M+2 Q7 k3X3W BM i?2 la (R)X .m2 iQ i?2B` ?B;? T`2pH2M+2- +QK#BM2/ rBi? M Q7i2M 2`Hv QMb2i M/ +?`QMB+ +Qm`b2 (R- j- jdj)- MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b `2 i?2 b2+QM/ KQbi BKTQ`iMi +mb2 Q7 /Bb#BHBiv rQ`H/rB/2 rBi?BM i?2 ;`QmT Q7 K2MiH M/ #2?pBQ`H /BbQ`/2`b (jRe)X

MiB/2T`2bbMib- BM+Hm/BM; i?2 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM b2H2+iBp2 b2`QiQMBM `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b Uaa_AbV M/ b2`QiQMBM@MQ`2TBM2T?`BM2 `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b UaL_AbV- ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ iQ #2 2{++BQmb BM i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 KQbi MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- BM+Hm/BM; ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V (RRe)- bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V (jd9)- Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V (Rkj)- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V (Rkk)- M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.V (RRN)X >Qr2p2`- `2b2`+? BM KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V ?b bm;;2bi2/ i?i i?2 2{++v Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib /2T2M/b mTQM i?2 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /2T`2bbBQMX PM2 K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V /i#b2 Q7 `M/QKBx2/ +QMi`QHH2/ i`BHb U_*hbV Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib b?Qr2/ i?i i`BHb rBi? ?B;?2` K2M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b r2`2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ #2 TQbBiBp2 (dy)- r?BH2 MQi?2` 7QmM/  bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT BM T`2/B+iBM; BKT`Qp2K2Mi-bm+? i?i i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 Bb `2HiBp2Hv bKHH i HQr H2p2Hb Q7 BMBiBH b2p2`Biv (eN)X aBKBH`Hv- M //BiBQMH K2i@MHvbBb 7QmM/ MQ biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi /Bz2`2M+2 #2ir22M MiB/2T`2bbMib M/ TH+2#Q BM TiB2Mib rBi? bm#i?`2b?QH/ UKBMQ`V /2T`2bbBQM (jd8)X KQM; 9 MHvb2b mbBM; BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i- j 7QmM/ i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /2T`2bbBQM Bb bbQ+Bi2/ rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v (dR- dk- jde)- r?BH2 MQi?2` `2+2Mi-H`;2 bim/v /B/ MQi }M/  bB;MB}+Mi bbQ+BiBQM (de)X

Jm+? H2bb Bb FMQrM #Qmi i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM i?2 +QMi2ti Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX 6Q` P*.-  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 k9 MiB/2T`2bbMi _*hb 7QmM/ i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv T`2/B+i2/ ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb- #mi i?2`2 rb MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT (d3)X _2+2MiHv-  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 Rk _*hb Q7 T`Qt2iBM2 7Q` :. M/ S. 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i (dd)X >Qr2p2`- TQQHBM; i`BHb 7Q` /Bz2`2Mi /BbQ`/2`b Kv Q#b+m`2 /Bz2`2M+2b #2ir22M /BbQ`/2`bc Bi HbQ M2+2bbBii2/ i?2 mb2 Q7  b2+QM/`v Qmi+QK2 7Q` S.- `i?2` i?M i?2 T`BK`v- TMB+@bT2+B}+ Qmi+QK2 BM i?2b2 i`BHbX Pi?2` bBM;H2 i`BHb M/ bKHH TQQH2/ MHvb2b i?i ?p2 2tKBM2/ i?Bb [m2biBQM ?p2 `2+?2/ +QMi`/B+iQ`v +QM+HmbBQMb (jdd- jd3- jdN)X

h?2 2pB/2M+2 iQ /i2- i?2`27Q`2- Bb UT2`?Tb rBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 P*.V +QM~B+iBM;-KBMBKH- Q` #b2Mi HiQ;2i?2`X hQ Qm` FMQrH2/;2- MQ bim/v ?b +QKT`2?2MbBp2Hv BMp2biB@ ;i2/ r?2i?2` #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv T`2/B+ib MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM HH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX A7 MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v /Q2b /2T2M/ mTQM #b2HBM2 MtB2iv b2p2`Biv- i?Bb ?b BKTQ`iMi +QMb2[m2M+2b 7Q` i?2 +QMiBMm2/ /2p2HQTK2Mi Q7 ;mB/2HBM2b 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?2`27Q`2- BM Q`/2` iQ BMp2biB;i2 i?Bb [m2biBQM- r2 +QM/m+i2/  K2i@MHvbBb

(4)

9

#bi`+i

"+F;`QmM/, MiB/2T`2bbMib `2 2bi#HBb?2/ }`bi@HBM2 i`2iK2Mib 7Q` MtB2iv

/BbQ`/2`b-#mi Bi Bb MQi +H2` r?2i?2` i?2v `2 2[mHHv 2z2+iBp2 +`Qbb i?2 b2p2`Biv `M;2X

BKb, hQ 2tKBM2 i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 MtB2iv QM MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{@

++v 7Q` ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V- bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V- Q#b2bbBp2@ +QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.VX

J2i?Q/b, 6B7iv@bBt i`BHb Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2i@

K2Mi 7Q` M MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` r2`2 BM+Hm/2/X "b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b r2`2 2ti`+i2/ 7Q` TH+2#Q M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmTb BM 2+? i`BHX JBt2/@2z2+ib K2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb mb2/ iQ BMp2biB;i2 i?2 2z2+ib Q7 i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv- M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX

_2bmHib, AM+`2bBM; #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ MQi T`2/B+i ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM /`m; ;`QmTb

+QKT`2/ iQ TH+2#Q ;`QmTbX aiM/`/Bx2/ `2;`2bbBQM +Q2{+B2Mib Q7 i?2 BMi2`+iBQM i2`K #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT r2`2 yXy9 UN8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH @yXRj iQ yXky- T4yXe8V 7Q` :.- @yXye U@yXky iQ yXyN- T4yX9jV 7Q` a.- yXy9 U@yXyd iQ yXRe- T4yX9eV 7Q` P*.- yXRe U@yXkk iQ yX8j- T4yXjdV 7Q` Sha.- M/ yXyyk U@yXRy iQ yXRy- T4yXNeV 7Q` S.X 6Q` P*.- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ T`2/B+i BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb 2[mHHv Uβ 4 yXRR- N8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH yXy8 iQ yXRd- T4yXyyRVX

*QM+HmbBQMb, LQ `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2

rb 7QmM/ 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?2b2 `2bmHib bm;;2bi i?i B7 i?2 2{++v Q7 MiB/2@ T`2bbMib Bb +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi- i?2v Kv #2 T`2b+`B#2/ iQ MtBQmb TiB2Mib `2;`/H2bb Q7 bvKTiQK b2p2`BivX

Rk3

AMi`Q/m+iBQM

MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b `2 i?2 KQbi +QKKQM K2MiH /BbQ`/2`b- rBi?  +QK#BM2/ Rk@KQMi? T`2pH2M+2 Q7 R3XRW (9) M/ HB72iBK2 T`2pH2M+2 Q7 k3X3W BM i?2 la (R)X .m2 iQ i?2B` ?B;? T`2pH2M+2- +QK#BM2/ rBi? M Q7i2M 2`Hv QMb2i M/ +?`QMB+ +Qm`b2 (R- j- jdj)- MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b `2 i?2 b2+QM/ KQbi BKTQ`iMi +mb2 Q7 /Bb#BHBiv rQ`H/rB/2 rBi?BM i?2 ;`QmT Q7 K2MiH M/ #2?pBQ`H /BbQ`/2`b (jRe)X

MiB/2T`2bbMib- BM+Hm/BM; i?2 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM b2H2+iBp2 b2`QiQMBM `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b Uaa_AbV M/ b2`QiQMBM@MQ`2TBM2T?`BM2 `2mTiF2 BM?B#BiQ`b UaL_AbV- ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ iQ #2 2{++BQmb BM i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 KQbi MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- BM+Hm/BM; ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` U:.V (RRe)- bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` Ua.V (jd9)- Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UP*.V (Rkj)- TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2` USha.V (Rkk)- M/ TMB+ /BbQ`/2` US.V (RRN)X >Qr2p2`- `2b2`+? BM KDQ` /2T`2bbBp2 /BbQ`/2` UJ..V ?b bm;;2bi2/ i?i i?2 2{++v Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib /2T2M/b mTQM i?2 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /2T`2bbBQMX PM2 K2i@MHvbBb Q7 i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.V /i#b2 Q7 `M/QKBx2/ +QMi`QHH2/ i`BHb U_*hbV Q7 b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib b?Qr2/ i?i i`BHb rBi? ?B;?2` K2M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b r2`2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ #2 TQbBiBp2 (dy)- r?BH2 MQi?2` 7QmM/  bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT BM T`2/B+iBM; BKT`Qp2K2Mi-bm+? i?i i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 Bb `2HiBp2Hv bKHH i HQr H2p2Hb Q7 BMBiBH b2p2`Biv (eN)X aBKBH`Hv- M //BiBQMH K2i@MHvbBb 7QmM/ MQ biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi /Bz2`2M+2 #2ir22M MiB/2T`2bbMib M/ TH+2#Q BM TiB2Mib rBi? bm#i?`2b?QH/ UKBMQ`V /2T`2bbBQM (jd8)X KQM; 9 MHvb2b mbBM; BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i- j 7QmM/ i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /2T`2bbBQM Bb bbQ+Bi2/ rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v (dR- dk- jde)- r?BH2 MQi?2` `2+2Mi-H`;2 bim/v /B/ MQi }M/  bB;MB}+Mi bbQ+BiBQM (de)X

Jm+? H2bb Bb FMQrM #Qmi i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM i?2 +QMi2ti Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX 6Q` P*.-  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 k9 MiB/2T`2bbMi _*hb 7QmM/ i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv T`2/B+i2/ ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb- #mi i?2`2 rb MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT (d3)X _2+2MiHv-  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 Rk _*hb Q7 T`Qt2iBM2 7Q` :. M/ S. 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i (dd)X >Qr2p2`- TQQHBM; i`BHb 7Q` /Bz2`2Mi /BbQ`/2`b Kv Q#b+m`2 /Bz2`2M+2b #2ir22M /BbQ`/2`bc Bi HbQ M2+2bbBii2/ i?2 mb2 Q7  b2+QM/`v Qmi+QK2 7Q` S.- `i?2` i?M i?2 T`BK`v- TMB+@bT2+B}+ Qmi+QK2 BM i?2b2 i`BHbX Pi?2` bBM;H2 i`BHb M/ bKHH TQQH2/ MHvb2b i?i ?p2 2tKBM2/ i?Bb [m2biBQM ?p2 `2+?2/ +QMi`/B+iQ`v +QM+HmbBQMb (jdd- jd3- jdN)X

h?2 2pB/2M+2 iQ /i2- i?2`27Q`2- Bb UT2`?Tb rBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 P*.V +QM~B+iBM;-KBMBKH- Q` #b2Mi HiQ;2i?2`X hQ Qm` FMQrH2/;2- MQ bim/v ?b +QKT`2?2MbBp2Hv BMp2biB@ ;i2/ r?2i?2` #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv T`2/B+ib MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM HH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX A7 MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v /Q2b /2T2M/ mTQM #b2HBM2 MtB2iv b2p2`Biv- i?Bb ?b BKTQ`iMi +QMb2[m2M+2b 7Q` i?2 +QMiBMm2/ /2p2HQTK2Mi Q7 ;mB/2HBM2b 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?2`27Q`2- BM Q`/2` iQ BMp2biB;i2 i?Bb [m2biBQM- r2 +QM/m+i2/  K2i@MHvbBb

(5)

M/ K2i@`2;`2bbBQM Q7 _*hb Q7 aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b bm#KBii2/ iQ i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.VX

J2i?Q/b

aim/v `2i`B2pH M/ /i 2ti`+iBQM

q2 Q#iBM2/ /`m; TT`QpH T+F;2b UXFXX `2pB2rbV 7Q` HH aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab TT`Qp2/ #v i?2 6. 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 }p2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b U:.- a.- P*.-Sha. M/ S.V (ky)X _2pB2rb r2`2 /QrMHQ/2/ 7`QK i?2 6. r2#bBi2- r?2M pBH#H2-Q` `2[m2bi2/ 7`QK i?2 6.Ƕb .BpBbBQM Q7 6`22/QK Q7 AM7pBH#H2-Q`KiBQM (Rye)X

6`QK i?2 6. `2pB2rb- r2 2ti`+i2/ /i QM i?2 /m`iBQM Q7 i?2 i`BH- /`m; /Qb2- MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib- K2M b+Q`2 QM i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 i #b2HBM2 M/ 2M/TQBMi UrBi? biM/`/ 2``Q` Ua1V Q` biM/`/ /2pBiBQM Ua.V B7 pBH#H2V- M/ i?2 K2M +?M;2 BM i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 UrBi? a1fa. B7 pBH#H2V- 7Q` /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmTb b2T`i2HvX

6Q` :.- i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 BM HH BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb rb i?2 +?M;2 7`QK #b2HBM2 QM i?2 >J@c 7Q` a.- Bi rb i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 Gaac 7Q` P*.- i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 uH2@"`QrM P#b2bbBp2 *QKTmHbBp2 a+H2 Uu@"P*aVc M/ 7Q` Sha.- i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 *HBMB+BM@/KBMBbi2`2/ Sha. a+H2- T`i k U*Sa@kVX

6Q` S.- i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 7Q` KQbi i`BHb rb i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb Qp2`  R Ĝ j r22F iBK2 7`K2- /B+?QiQKBx2/ BMiQ y U`2KBii2/V Q` ≥ R UMQi `2KBii2/Vc 9 i`BHb- ?Qr2p2`-mb2/ i?2 +?M;2 BM MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb b  T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2X h?2`27Q`2-r2 HbQ 2ti`+i2/ /i QM i?2 T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 T`iB+BTMib i?i h?2`27Q`2-r2`2 7`22 Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb i 2M/TQBMi U`2KBbbBQM `i2VX 6m`i?2`KQ`2- #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b r2`2 `2TQ`i2/ b i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb BM i?2 R- k Q` j r22Fb #27Q`2 #b2HBM2c r2 +QMp2`i2/ HH b+Q`2b iQ  k@r22F iBK2 7`K2X

.i r2`2 2ti`+i2/ 7`QK i?2 UKQ/B}2/V BMi2MiBQM@iQ@i`2i MHvb2b QMHv- r?B+? mb2/ i?2 Hbi Q#b2`piBQM +``B2/ 7Q`r`/ UGP*6V K2i?Q/ iQ ?M/H2 KBbbBM; /i 7`QK /`QTQmibX .i r2`2 2ti`+i2/ T`272`#Hv 7`QK i?2 biiBbiB+H `2pB2rc ?Qr2p2`- r2 ;p2 T`272`2M+2 iQ Qi?2` /Q+mK2Mib rBi?BM i?2 /`m; TT`QpH T+F;2 U2X;X i?2 K2/B+H `2pB2r Q` /KBM@ Bbi`iBp2 +Q``2bTQM/2M+2V B7 i?2v T`QpB/2/ KQ`2 +QKTH2i2 /i- 2X;X i?2 a1fa.- b r2HH b i?2 K2M +?M;2X A7 +QKTH2i2 /i rb MQi pBH#H2 BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- r2 ii2KTi2/ iQ Q#iBM i?2 KBbbBM; /i 7`QK b2+QM/`v bQm`+2b Ui`BH `2;Bbi`B2b M/ Tm#HBb?2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bVX

Rjy

PmiHB2`b M/ KBbbBM; /i

1tTHQ`iBQM Q7 K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b- bi`iB}2/ #v /BbQ`/2`- `2p2H2/ MQ QmiHB2`b BM i?2 /ib2i 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.X 6Q` S.- ?Qr2p2`- R TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ R /`m; ;`QmT U7`QK k b2T`i2 i`BHbV ?/ K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b KQ`2 i?M k biM/`/ /2pBiBQMb ;`2i2` i?M i?2 Qp2`HH K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 U7i2` HQ;@i`Mb7Q`KiBQM iQ MQ`KHBx2 i?2 /Bbi`B#miBQMVc r2 i?2`27Q`2 2t+Hm/2/ i?2b2 ;`QmTb U#mi MQi Qi?2` ;`QmTb rBi?BM i?2 bK2 i`BHV 7`QK Qm` MHvbBbX

q2 r2`2 #H2 iQ Q#iBM /i QM i?2 K2M +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ Bib a1fa. UQ` i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S. i`BHbV 7Q` 9e Qmi Q7 8e i`BHbX 6Q` 9y i`BHb- i?2 6. `2pB2r T`QpB/2/ +QKTH2i2 /ic 7Q` k i`BHb- r2 Q#iBM2/ /i QM i?2 a1fa. 7`QK i?2 :HtQaKBi?EHBM2 i`BH `2;Bbi`vc M/ 7Q` 9 i`BHb- r2 Q#iBM2/ /i QM i?2 a1fa. Uj i`BHbV Q` i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 UR i`BHV 7`QK i?2 Ki+?BM; Tm#HBb?2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b- 7i2` p2`B7vBM; i?i K2M #b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b Ki+?2/ i?Qb2 BM i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; 6. `2pB2rX

6Q` Ry Qmi Q7 8e i`BHb- MQi HH `2[mB`2/ /i +QmH/ #2 Q#iBM2/ 7`QK Mv bQm`+2X AM7Q`@ KiBQM QM i?2 a1fa. Q7 i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 rb KBbbBM; 7Q` R Sha. M/ e P*. r?BH2 BM7Q`KiBQM QM i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb KBbbBM; 7Q` j S. i`BHbX 6Q` HH Ry i`BHb-?Qr2p2`- BM7Q`KiBQM QM i?2 K2M +?M;2 b+Q`2 rb pBH#H2X 6Q` Sha. M/ P*.- i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 Bib2H7 rb bi`QM;Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? Bib a. BM ;`QmTb rBi?Qmi KBbbBM; /ic r2 i?2`27Q`2 BKTmi2/ i?2b2 KBbbBM; a.b #b2/ mTQM i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2- ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX 6Q` S.- 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2 rb bi`QM;Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 M/ r2 i?2`27Q`2 BKTmi2/ KBbbBM; `2KBbbBQM `i2b #b2/ mTQM i?2 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2-;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX AKTmiiBQM rb T2`7Q`K2/ b2T`i2Hv T2` /Bb@ Q`/2` BM aSaa ky- mbBM; KmHiBTH2 BKTmiiBQM rBi? 6mHHv *QM/BiBQMH aT2+B}+iBQM #b2/ mTQM HBM2` `2;`2bbBQM BM Q`/2` iQ +`2i2 Ry BKTmi2/ /ib2ibX

aiiBbiB+H MHvbBb

6Q` Qm` KBM MHvbBb- r2 +H+mHi2/ 2z2+i bBx2b b2T`i2Hv T2` i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT- b  bBM;H2@;`QmT T`2@TQbi 2z2+i bBx2X h?Bb TT`Q+? HHQr2/ mb iQ BMp2biB;i2 MQi QMHv i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v U/`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`@ 2M+2V- #mi HbQ Bib mM/2`HvBM; +mb2 UBX2X +?M;2 BM i?2 TH+2#Q `2bTQMb2 p2`bmb +?M;2 BM i?2 /`m; `2bTQMb2VX

6Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.- i?2 biM/`/Bx2/ K2M /Bz2`2M+2 UaJ.V rb }`bi +H+mHi2/ #b2/ QM i?2 UrBi?BM@;`QmTV +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ Bib biM/`/ /2pBiBQM- ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 7Q`KmH SMD = D/SDD- r?2`2 . bB;MB}2b i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ a..i?2 biM/`/

/2pBiBQM Q7 i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 Uk8VX

"v mbBM; i?Bb 7Q`KmH- r2 bbmK2 i?i i?2 +Q``2HiBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 M/ 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2b Bb yX8- b i?2 i`m2 +Q``2HiBQM Bb mMFMQrMX q2 i?2M TTHB2/ >2/;2bǶ +Q``2+iBQM 7Q`

(6)

9

M/ K2i@`2;`2bbBQM Q7 _*hb Q7 aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b bm#KBii2/ iQ i?2 6QQ/ M/ .`m; /KBMBbi`iBQM U6.VX

J2i?Q/b

aim/v `2i`B2pH M/ /i 2ti`+iBQM

q2 Q#iBM2/ /`m; TT`QpH T+F;2b UXFXX `2pB2rbV 7Q` HH aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab TT`Qp2/ #v i?2 6. 7Q` i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 }p2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b U:.- a.- P*.-Sha. M/ S.V (ky)X _2pB2rb r2`2 /QrMHQ/2/ 7`QK i?2 6. r2#bBi2- r?2M pBH#H2-Q` `2[m2bi2/ 7`QK i?2 6.Ƕb .BpBbBQM Q7 6`22/QK Q7 AM7pBH#H2-Q`KiBQM (Rye)X

6`QK i?2 6. `2pB2rb- r2 2ti`+i2/ /i QM i?2 /m`iBQM Q7 i?2 i`BH- /`m; /Qb2- MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib- K2M b+Q`2 QM i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 i #b2HBM2 M/ 2M/TQBMi UrBi? biM/`/ 2``Q` Ua1V Q` biM/`/ /2pBiBQM Ua.V B7 pBH#H2V- M/ i?2 K2M +?M;2 BM i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 UrBi? a1fa. B7 pBH#H2V- 7Q` /`m; M/ TH+2#Q ;`QmTb b2T`i2HvX

6Q` :.- i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 BM HH BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb rb i?2 +?M;2 7`QK #b2HBM2 QM i?2 >J@c 7Q` a.- Bi rb i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 Gaac 7Q` P*.- i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 uH2@"`QrM P#b2bbBp2 *QKTmHbBp2 a+H2 Uu@"P*aVc M/ 7Q` Sha.- i?2 +?M;2 QM i?2 *HBMB+BM@/KBMBbi2`2/ Sha. a+H2- T`i k U*Sa@kVX

6Q` S.- i?2 T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 7Q` KQbi i`BHb rb i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb Qp2`  R Ĝ j r22F iBK2 7`K2- /B+?QiQKBx2/ BMiQ y U`2KBii2/V Q` ≥ R UMQi `2KBii2/Vc 9 i`BHb- ?Qr2p2`-mb2/ i?2 +?M;2 BM MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb b  T`BK`v Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2X h?2`27Q`2-r2 HbQ 2ti`+i2/ /i QM i?2 T`QTQ`iBQM Q7 T`iB+BTMib i?i h?2`27Q`2-r2`2 7`22 Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb i 2M/TQBMi U`2KBbbBQM `i2VX 6m`i?2`KQ`2- #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b r2`2 `2TQ`i2/ b i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb BM i?2 R- k Q` j r22Fb #27Q`2 #b2HBM2c r2 +QMp2`i2/ HH b+Q`2b iQ  k@r22F iBK2 7`K2X

.i r2`2 2ti`+i2/ 7`QK i?2 UKQ/B}2/V BMi2MiBQM@iQ@i`2i MHvb2b QMHv- r?B+? mb2/ i?2 Hbi Q#b2`piBQM +``B2/ 7Q`r`/ UGP*6V K2i?Q/ iQ ?M/H2 KBbbBM; /i 7`QK /`QTQmibX .i r2`2 2ti`+i2/ T`272`#Hv 7`QK i?2 biiBbiB+H `2pB2rc ?Qr2p2`- r2 ;p2 T`272`2M+2 iQ Qi?2` /Q+mK2Mib rBi?BM i?2 /`m; TT`QpH T+F;2 U2X;X i?2 K2/B+H `2pB2r Q` /KBM@ Bbi`iBp2 +Q``2bTQM/2M+2V B7 i?2v T`QpB/2/ KQ`2 +QKTH2i2 /i- 2X;X i?2 a1fa.- b r2HH b i?2 K2M +?M;2X A7 +QKTH2i2 /i rb MQi pBH#H2 BM i?2 6. `2pB2r- r2 ii2KTi2/ iQ Q#iBM i?2 KBbbBM; /i 7`QK b2+QM/`v bQm`+2b Ui`BH `2;Bbi`B2b M/ Tm#HBb?2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2bVX

Rjy

PmiHB2`b M/ KBbbBM; /i

1tTHQ`iBQM Q7 K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b- bi`iB}2/ #v /BbQ`/2`- `2p2H2/ MQ QmiHB2`b BM i?2 /ib2i 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.X 6Q` S.- ?Qr2p2`- R TH+2#Q ;`QmT M/ R /`m; ;`QmT U7`QK k b2T`i2 i`BHbV ?/ K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b KQ`2 i?M k biM/`/ /2pBiBQMb ;`2i2` i?M i?2 Qp2`HH K2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 U7i2` HQ;@i`Mb7Q`KiBQM iQ MQ`KHBx2 i?2 /Bbi`B#miBQMVc r2 i?2`27Q`2 2t+Hm/2/ i?2b2 ;`QmTb U#mi MQi Qi?2` ;`QmTb rBi?BM i?2 bK2 i`BHV 7`QK Qm` MHvbBbX

q2 r2`2 #H2 iQ Q#iBM /i QM i?2 K2M +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ Bib a1fa. UQ` i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S. i`BHbV 7Q` 9e Qmi Q7 8e i`BHbX 6Q` 9y i`BHb- i?2 6. `2pB2r T`QpB/2/ +QKTH2i2 /ic 7Q` k i`BHb- r2 Q#iBM2/ /i QM i?2 a1fa. 7`QK i?2 :HtQaKBi?EHBM2 i`BH `2;Bbi`vc M/ 7Q` 9 i`BHb- r2 Q#iBM2/ /i QM i?2 a1fa. Uj i`BHbV Q` i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 UR i`BHV 7`QK i?2 Ki+?BM; Tm#HBb?2/ DQm`MH `iB+H2b- 7i2` p2`B7vBM; i?i K2M #b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b Ki+?2/ i?Qb2 BM i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; 6. `2pB2rX

6Q` Ry Qmi Q7 8e i`BHb- MQi HH `2[mB`2/ /i +QmH/ #2 Q#iBM2/ 7`QK Mv bQm`+2X AM7Q`@ KiBQM QM i?2 a1fa. Q7 i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 rb KBbbBM; 7Q` R Sha. M/ e P*. r?BH2 BM7Q`KiBQM QM i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb KBbbBM; 7Q` j S. i`BHbX 6Q` HH Ry i`BHb-?Qr2p2`- BM7Q`KiBQM QM i?2 K2M +?M;2 b+Q`2 rb pBH#H2X 6Q` Sha. M/ P*.- i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 Bib2H7 rb bi`QM;Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? Bib a. BM ;`QmTb rBi?Qmi KBbbBM; /ic r2 i?2`27Q`2 BKTmi2/ i?2b2 KBbbBM; a.b #b2/ mTQM i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2- ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX 6Q` S.- 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2 rb bi`QM;Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 M/ r2 i?2`27Q`2 BKTmi2/ KBbbBM; `2KBbbBQM `i2b #b2/ mTQM i?2 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2-;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQMX AKTmiiBQM rb T2`7Q`K2/ b2T`i2Hv T2` /Bb@ Q`/2` BM aSaa ky- mbBM; KmHiBTH2 BKTmiiBQM rBi? 6mHHv *QM/BiBQMH aT2+B}+iBQM #b2/ mTQM HBM2` `2;`2bbBQM BM Q`/2` iQ +`2i2 Ry BKTmi2/ /ib2ibX

aiiBbiB+H MHvbBb

6Q` Qm` KBM MHvbBb- r2 +H+mHi2/ 2z2+i bBx2b b2T`i2Hv T2` i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT- b  bBM;H2@;`QmT T`2@TQbi 2z2+i bBx2X h?Bb TT`Q+? HHQr2/ mb iQ BMp2biB;i2 MQi QMHv i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v U/`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`@ 2M+2V- #mi HbQ Bib mM/2`HvBM; +mb2 UBX2X +?M;2 BM i?2 TH+2#Q `2bTQMb2 p2`bmb +?M;2 BM i?2 /`m; `2bTQMb2VX

6Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.- i?2 biM/`/Bx2/ K2M /Bz2`2M+2 UaJ.V rb }`bi +H+mHi2/ #b2/ QM i?2 UrBi?BM@;`QmTV +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ Bib biM/`/ /2pBiBQM- ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 7Q`KmH SMD = D/SDD- r?2`2 . bB;MB}2b i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 M/ a..i?2 biM/`/

/2pBiBQM Q7 i?2 +?M;2 b+Q`2 Uk8VX

"v mbBM; i?Bb 7Q`KmH- r2 bbmK2 i?i i?2 +Q``2HiBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 M/ 2M/TQBMi b+Q`2b Bb yX8- b i?2 i`m2 +Q``2HiBQM Bb mMFMQrMX q2 i?2M TTHB2/ >2/;2bǶ +Q``2+iBQM 7Q`

(7)

bKHH bKTH2 bBx2- r?2`2 M BM/B+i2b i?2 MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib BM  ;`QmT (j3y),

g= (1 − 3

4(n − 1) − 1) × SMD h?2 biM/`/ 2``Q` Q7 >2/;2bǶ ; rb +QKTmi2/ b 7QHHQrb (j3y),

SE= (1 n)( n− 1 n− 3)(1 + n × g 2) − (g2/(1 − 3 4(n − 1) − 1)2 6Q` S.- r2 b2H2+i2/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 Bib2H7 b Qm` 2z2+i K2bm`2X

AM Q`/2` iQ Q#iBM  bBM;H2 2z2+i bBx2 7Q` i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi `Kb Q7 }t2/@/Qb2 bim/B2b- r2 mb2/  }t2/@2z2+ib BMp2`b2@p`BM+2@r2B;?i2/ KQ/2H iQ TQQH i?2b2 /`m; ;`QmTb BMiQ QM2 2biBKi2 Q7 2z2+i bBx2 rBi? Bib biM/`/ 2``Q` 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.X  TQQH2/ `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb /2`Bp2/ 7Q` S. #v +H+mHiBM; i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 Q7 i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTbX 6Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b-  TQQH2/ #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 rb /2`Bp2/ #v +H+mHiBM; i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ K2M Q7 i?2 #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTbX SQQHBM; /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTb Kv MQi #2 TT`QT`Bi2 BM i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7  /Qb2@`2bTQMb2 `2HiBQMb?BT- #mi rBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 p2MH7tBM2- bm+? `2HiBQMb?BTb mbmHHv +MMQi #2 /2KQMbi`i2/ rBi? b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib (j3R)X

HH MHvb2b r2`2 T2`7Q`K2/ BM aii RjX q2 T2`7Q`K2/ K2i@MHvb2b mbBM; i?2 K2iM +QKKM/- TTHvBM;  `M/QK@2z2+ib U.2`aBKQMBM@GB`/V KQ/2H iQ Q#iBM bmKK`v biiBbiB+b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmTX AM Q`/2` iQ K2bm`2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv- i?2 ?2i2`Q;B KQ/mH2 rBi?BM aii rb mb2/ iQ +H+mHi2 AkM/ Bib N8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH (j3k)X

J2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb i?2M T2`7Q`K2/ b2T`i2Hv T2` /BbQ`/2` mbBM; i?2 K2i`2; +QKKM/X HH K2i@`2;`2bbBQMb r2`2 #b2/ QM  KBt2/@2z2+ib KQ/2H- mb2/ `2bi`B+i2/ KtBKmK HBF2@ HB?QQ/ U_1JGV 2biBKiBQM Q7 i?2 `2bB/mH #2ir22M@bim/v p`BM+2- M/ BM+Hm/2/ ;`QmT-#b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv- M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQM b T`2/B+iQ`bX h?2 /2T2M/2Mi p`B#H2 rb >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.- M/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S.X aim/B2b r2`2 r2B;?i2/ ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` p`BM+2X 6Q` P*.- Sha.- M/ S.- K2i@`2;`2bbBQM 2biBKi2b 7`QK i?2 Ry KmHiBTHv BKTmi2/ /ib2ib r2`2 +QK#BM2/ mbBM; i?2 KB bmBi2 Q7 +QKKM/b BM aiiX

a2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2b

b  b2+QM/`v MHvbBb- r2 +H+mHi2/ >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 /B`2+iHv 7`QK i?2 2t+i T@pHm2 7Q` i?2 biiBbiB+H i2bi T2`7Q`K2/ i 2M/TQBMi UQ` Hi2`MiBp2 K2i?@ Q/b b `2[mB`2/ (b22 `272`2M+2 ky)VX h?2 i`BH #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2 rb +H+mHi2/ b i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 Q7 HH ;`QmTb U/`m; b r2HH b TH+2#QV BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 i`BHX q2 T2`7Q`K2/ K2i@`2;`2bbBQMb b2T`i2Hv T2` /BbQ`/2` mbBM; i?2 K2i`2; +QK@

Rjk

KM/ BM aiiX h?2 /2T2M/2Mi p`B#H2 rb i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 U>2/;2bǶ ;V 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b- M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb i?2 QMHv T`2/B+iQ` BM i?Bb MHvbBbX

//BiBQMHHv- iQ BM+`2b2 biiBbiB+H TQr2` M/ BKT`Qp2 ;2M2`HBx#BHBiv Q7 `2bmHib- r2 2tTM/2/ Qm` /ib2i #v BM+Hm/BM; 2ti` i`BHbX q2 BM+Hm/2/ +iBp2 +QKT`iQ` `Kb M/ i`BHb i?i r2`2 MQi +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 Tm`TQb2 Q7 K`F2iBM; TT`QpH- bm+? b i`BHb Q7 Qi?2` K2/B+iBQMb U2X;X MiBTbv+?QiB+bV BM r?B+? i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi rb mb2/ b M +iBp2 +QKT`iQ`X h`BHb r2`2 Q#iBM2/ 7`QK i?2 KQbi `2+2Mi K2i@MHvb2b 2tKBMBM; UT?`K+QHQ;B+HV i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (Rkj- R3d- j3j)X b i?Bb BMi`Q/m+2/ i`BHb rBi? p2`v bKHH bKTH2 bBx2b- //BiBQMH ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv- M/ HBF2Hv `2TQ`iBM; #Bb-i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHb rb 2tKBM2/ b  b2+QM/`v MHvbBb QMHvX

q2 BM+Hm/2/ T`HH2H@;`QmT- TH+2#Q@+QMi`QHH2/ i`BHb rBi?  bBKBH` /m`iBQM U3 Ĝ Re r22FbV b Qm` T`BK`v b2i Q7 i`BHbX h`BHb rBi?  bKTH2 i?i T`iHv Q` 7mHHv Qp2`HTT2/ rBi?  i`BH BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 T`BK`v b2i r2`2 2t+Hm/2/- b r2`2 i`BHb i?i /B/ MQi mb2  +QKTiB#H2 Qmi+QK2 UBX2X- >J@- Gaa- u@"P*a- *Sa- Q` MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb b  T`BK`v Q` b2+QM/`v Qmi+QK2VX q2 `2T2i2/ Qm` T`BK`v MHvbBb 7Q` i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHbX

_2bmHib

.2b+`BTiBQM Q7 BM+Hm/2/ bim/B2b

 iQiH Q7 kR `2pB2rb r2`2 Q#iBM2/- BM+Hm/BM; MBM2 U7Q`KmHiBQMb Q7V aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab, 2b+BiHQT`K- /mHQt2iBM2- ~mQt2iBM2- ~mpQtKBM2- ~mpQtKBM2 +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2 U*_V-T`Qt2iBM2- T`Qt2iBM2 *_- b2`i`HBM2 M/ p2MH7tBM2 2ti2M/2/ `2H2b2 Us_VX h?2b2 `2@ pB2rb +QKT`Bb2/  iQiH Q7 8N _*hb, RR 7Q` :.- RR 7Q` a.- Rj 7Q` P*.- d 7Q` Sha. M/ Rd 7Q` S.X >Qr2p2`- r2 2t+Hm/2/ k i`BHb 7Q` a. M/ R i`BH 7Q` S.- b #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b r2`2 BM+QKT`#H2 iQ i?2 Qi?2` i`BHbX aT2+B}+HHv- i?2 2t+Hm/2/ a. i`BHb /B/ MQi mb2 i?2 GB2#QrBix aQ+BH MtB2iv a+H2 UGaaV- r?BH2 i?2 2t+Hm/2/ S. i`BH 7BH2/ iQ /BbiBM;mBb? #2ir22M 7mHH M/ HBKBi2/@bvKTiQK TMB+ ii+FbX

*QMb2[m2MiHv- 8e i`BHb r2`2 BM+Hm/2/ BM i?Bb bim/vX q2 QMHv mb2/ /i 7`QK /Qb2b `2+@ QKK2M/2/ #v i?2 6.c i?2`27Q`2- 7Q` T`Qt2iBM2- r2 2t+Hm/2/ i?2 ky@K; /Qb2 BM R P*. i`BH M/ i?2 Ry@ M/ ky@K; /Qb2 BM R S. i`BH- b QMHv /Qb2b Q7 9y K; M/ ?B;?2` r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 2z2+iBp2 7Q` i?2b2 /BbQ`/2`bX

HH BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb r2`2 b?Q`i@i2`K- `M/QKBx2/- /Qm#H2@#HBM/ M/ TH+2#Q@+QMi`QHH2/X aQK2 i`BHb HbQ miBHBx2/ +iBp2 +QKT`iQ`b- #mi /i 7`QK i?2b2 r2`2 MQi BM+Hm/2/ BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvb2bX h`BH /m`iBQM rb Rk r22Fb 7Q` HH a. M/ Sha. i`BHb- 3 Ĝ Ry r22Fb 7Q` :. i`BHb- 3 Ĝ Re r22Fb 7Q` P*. i`BHb- M/ Ry Ĝ Rk r22Fb 7Q` S. i`BHbX h`BHb BM+Hm/2/ /mHib Q7 R3 v2`b Q` QH/2` UrBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 8 P*. i`BHb i?i BM+Hm/2/ /QH2b+2Mib iQ;2i?2` rBi? /mHibV r?Q K2i .aJ@AAA@_ Q` .aJ@Ao +`Bi2`B 7Q`

(8)

9

bKHH bKTH2 bBx2- r?2`2 M BM/B+i2b i?2 MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib BM  ;`QmT (j3y),

g= (1 − 3

4(n − 1) − 1) × SMD h?2 biM/`/ 2``Q` Q7 >2/;2bǶ ; rb +QKTmi2/ b 7QHHQrb (j3y),

SE= (1 n)( n− 1 n− 3)(1 + n × g 2) − (g2/(1 − 3 4(n − 1) − 1)2 6Q` S.- r2 b2H2+i2/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 Bib2H7 b Qm` 2z2+i K2bm`2X

AM Q`/2` iQ Q#iBM  bBM;H2 2z2+i bBx2 7Q` i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi `Kb Q7 }t2/@/Qb2 bim/B2b- r2 mb2/  }t2/@2z2+ib BMp2`b2@p`BM+2@r2B;?i2/ KQ/2H iQ TQQH i?2b2 /`m; ;`QmTb BMiQ QM2 2biBKi2 Q7 2z2+i bBx2 rBi? Bib biM/`/ 2``Q` 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.X  TQQH2/ `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb /2`Bp2/ 7Q` S. #v +H+mHiBM; i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 Q7 i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTbX 6Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b-  TQQH2/ #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 rb /2`Bp2/ #v +H+mHiBM; i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ K2M Q7 i?2 #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTbX SQQHBM; /Bz2`2Mi /Qb2 ;`QmTb Kv MQi #2 TT`QT`Bi2 BM i?2 T`2b2M+2 Q7  /Qb2@`2bTQMb2 `2HiBQMb?BT- #mi rBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 p2MH7tBM2- bm+? `2HiBQMb?BTb mbmHHv +MMQi #2 /2KQMbi`i2/ rBi? b2+QM/@;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib (j3R)X

HH MHvb2b r2`2 T2`7Q`K2/ BM aii RjX q2 T2`7Q`K2/ K2i@MHvb2b mbBM; i?2 K2iM +QKKM/- TTHvBM;  `M/QK@2z2+ib U.2`aBKQMBM@GB`/V KQ/2H iQ Q#iBM bmKK`v biiBbiB+b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmTX AM Q`/2` iQ K2bm`2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv- i?2 ?2i2`Q;B KQ/mH2 rBi?BM aii rb mb2/ iQ +H+mHi2 AkM/ Bib N8W +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pH (j3k)X

J2i@`2;`2bbBQM rb i?2M T2`7Q`K2/ b2T`i2Hv T2` /BbQ`/2` mbBM; i?2 K2i`2; +QKKM/X HH K2i@`2;`2bbBQMb r2`2 #b2/ QM  KBt2/@2z2+ib KQ/2H- mb2/ `2bi`B+i2/ KtBKmK HBF2@ HB?QQ/ U_1JGV 2biBKiBQM Q7 i?2 `2bB/mH #2ir22M@bim/v p`BM+2- M/ BM+Hm/2/ ;`QmT-#b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv- M/ i?2B` BMi2`+iBQM b T`2/B+iQ`bX h?2 /2T2M/2Mi p`B#H2 rb >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.- M/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S.X aim/B2b r2`2 r2B;?i2/ ++Q`/BM; iQ i?2 BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` p`BM+2X 6Q` P*.- Sha.- M/ S.- K2i@`2;`2bbBQM 2biBKi2b 7`QK i?2 Ry KmHiBTHv BKTmi2/ /ib2ib r2`2 +QK#BM2/ mbBM; i?2 KB bmBi2 Q7 +QKKM/b BM aiiX

a2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2b

b  b2+QM/`v MHvbBb- r2 +H+mHi2/ >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 /B`2+iHv 7`QK i?2 2t+i T@pHm2 7Q` i?2 biiBbiB+H i2bi T2`7Q`K2/ i 2M/TQBMi UQ` Hi2`MiBp2 K2i?@ Q/b b `2[mB`2/ (b22 `272`2M+2 ky)VX h?2 i`BH #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2 rb +H+mHi2/ b i?2 bKTH2@bBx2@r2B;?i2/ p2`;2 Q7 HH ;`QmTb U/`m; b r2HH b TH+2#QV BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 i`BHX q2 T2`7Q`K2/ K2i@`2;`2bbBQMb b2T`i2Hv T2` /BbQ`/2` mbBM; i?2 K2i`2; +QK@

Rjk

KM/ BM aiiX h?2 /2T2M/2Mi p`B#H2 rb i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 U>2/;2bǶ ;V 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b- M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb i?2 QMHv T`2/B+iQ` BM i?Bb MHvbBbX

//BiBQMHHv- iQ BM+`2b2 biiBbiB+H TQr2` M/ BKT`Qp2 ;2M2`HBx#BHBiv Q7 `2bmHib- r2 2tTM/2/ Qm` /ib2i #v BM+Hm/BM; 2ti` i`BHbX q2 BM+Hm/2/ +iBp2 +QKT`iQ` `Kb M/ i`BHb i?i r2`2 MQi +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 Tm`TQb2 Q7 K`F2iBM; TT`QpH- bm+? b i`BHb Q7 Qi?2` K2/B+iBQMb U2X;X MiBTbv+?QiB+bV BM r?B+? i?2 MiB/2T`2bbMi rb mb2/ b M +iBp2 +QKT`iQ`X h`BHb r2`2 Q#iBM2/ 7`QK i?2 KQbi `2+2Mi K2i@MHvb2b 2tKBMBM; UT?`K+QHQ;B+HV i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (Rkj- R3d- j3j)X b i?Bb BMi`Q/m+2/ i`BHb rBi? p2`v bKHH bKTH2 bBx2b- //BiBQMH ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv- M/ HBF2Hv `2TQ`iBM; #Bb-i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHb rb 2tKBM2/ b  b2+QM/`v MHvbBb QMHvX

q2 BM+Hm/2/ T`HH2H@;`QmT- TH+2#Q@+QMi`QHH2/ i`BHb rBi?  bBKBH` /m`iBQM U3 Ĝ Re r22FbV b Qm` T`BK`v b2i Q7 i`BHbX h`BHb rBi?  bKTH2 i?i T`iHv Q` 7mHHv Qp2`HTT2/ rBi?  i`BH BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 T`BK`v b2i r2`2 2t+Hm/2/- b r2`2 i`BHb i?i /B/ MQi mb2  +QKTiB#H2 Qmi+QK2 UBX2X- >J@- Gaa- u@"P*a- *Sa- Q` MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb b  T`BK`v Q` b2+QM/`v Qmi+QK2VX q2 `2T2i2/ Qm` T`BK`v MHvbBb 7Q` i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHbX

_2bmHib

.2b+`BTiBQM Q7 BM+Hm/2/ bim/B2b

 iQiH Q7 kR `2pB2rb r2`2 Q#iBM2/- BM+Hm/BM; MBM2 U7Q`KmHiBQMb Q7V aa_Ab M/ aL_Ab, 2b+BiHQT`K- /mHQt2iBM2- ~mQt2iBM2- ~mpQtKBM2- ~mpQtKBM2 +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2 U*_V-T`Qt2iBM2- T`Qt2iBM2 *_- b2`i`HBM2 M/ p2MH7tBM2 2ti2M/2/ `2H2b2 Us_VX h?2b2 `2@ pB2rb +QKT`Bb2/  iQiH Q7 8N _*hb, RR 7Q` :.- RR 7Q` a.- Rj 7Q` P*.- d 7Q` Sha. M/ Rd 7Q` S.X >Qr2p2`- r2 2t+Hm/2/ k i`BHb 7Q` a. M/ R i`BH 7Q` S.- b #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b r2`2 BM+QKT`#H2 iQ i?2 Qi?2` i`BHbX aT2+B}+HHv- i?2 2t+Hm/2/ a. i`BHb /B/ MQi mb2 i?2 GB2#QrBix aQ+BH MtB2iv a+H2 UGaaV- r?BH2 i?2 2t+Hm/2/ S. i`BH 7BH2/ iQ /BbiBM;mBb? #2ir22M 7mHH M/ HBKBi2/@bvKTiQK TMB+ ii+FbX

*QMb2[m2MiHv- 8e i`BHb r2`2 BM+Hm/2/ BM i?Bb bim/vX q2 QMHv mb2/ /i 7`QK /Qb2b `2+@ QKK2M/2/ #v i?2 6.c i?2`27Q`2- 7Q` T`Qt2iBM2- r2 2t+Hm/2/ i?2 ky@K; /Qb2 BM R P*. i`BH M/ i?2 Ry@ M/ ky@K; /Qb2 BM R S. i`BH- b QMHv /Qb2b Q7 9y K; M/ ?B;?2` r2`2 Dm/;2/ iQ #2 2z2+iBp2 7Q` i?2b2 /BbQ`/2`bX

HH BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb r2`2 b?Q`i@i2`K- `M/QKBx2/- /Qm#H2@#HBM/ M/ TH+2#Q@+QMi`QHH2/X aQK2 i`BHb HbQ miBHBx2/ +iBp2 +QKT`iQ`b- #mi /i 7`QK i?2b2 r2`2 MQi BM+Hm/2/ BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvb2bX h`BH /m`iBQM rb Rk r22Fb 7Q` HH a. M/ Sha. i`BHb- 3 Ĝ Ry r22Fb 7Q` :. i`BHb- 3 Ĝ Re r22Fb 7Q` P*. i`BHb- M/ Ry Ĝ Rk r22Fb 7Q` S. i`BHbX h`BHb BM+Hm/2/ /mHib Q7 R3 v2`b Q` QH/2` UrBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 8 P*. i`BHb i?i BM+Hm/2/ /QH2b+2Mib iQ;2i?2` rBi? /mHibV r?Q K2i .aJ@AAA@_ Q` .aJ@Ao +`Bi2`B 7Q`

(9)

i?2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` mM/2` BMp2biB;iBQMX h?2 KDQ`Biv Q7 i`BHb UdRWV mb2/  ~2tB#H2@/Qb2 /2bB;M- HHQrBM; BMp2biB;iQ`b iQ iBi`i2 i?2 /Qb2 ++Q`/BM; iQ  bm#D2+iǶb `2bTQMb2- r?BH2 i?2 `2KBM/2` UkNWV mb2/  }t2/@/Qb2 /2bB;M rBi? TiB2Mib `M/QKBx2/ iQ QM2 Q7 k Q` j /Bz2`2Mi /Qb;2 ;`QmTbX

h?2 8e i`BHb BM+Hm/2/  iQiH Q7 88 TH+2#Q ;`QmTb M/ d3 /`m; ;`QmTb- r?B+? r2`2 TQQH2/ BMiQ 8e /`m; ;`QmTbX h?2 iQiH MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib +`Qbb /BbQ`/2`b rb R9-dRy- Q7 r?QK e-j3e r2`2 `M/QKBx2/ iQ TH+2#Q M/ 3-jk9 r2`2 `M/QKBx2/ iQ /`m;X "b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb ;2M2`HHv BM i?2 KQ/2`i2 iQ b2p2`2 `M;2X S`iB+BTMi MmK#2`b M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT `2 b?QrM BM h#H2 NXRX  +QKTH2i2 HBbiBM; Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb- rBi? #b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b U7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.V Q` `2KBbbBQM `i2b U7Q` S.V- Bb T`QpB/2/ BM h#H2b NX9 M/ NX8X

h#H2 NXR, S`iB+BTMi MmK#2`b M/ #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmTX

S`iB+BTMib J2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 U`M;2V

.BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q .`m; hQiH SH+2#Q .`m;

:. Rek3 kkRN j39d kjXN UkkXR Ĝ k8XNV k9Xy UkkX8 Ĝ keXyV a. Rk88 RjdN kej9 38X3 UdjXj Ĝ NjXNV 3eXd Ud3Xy Ĝ N8XNV P*. Nde R83j k88N k9X8 UkkXe Ĝ keXjV k9X9 UkkXe Ĝ keXeV Sha. 3kN N3R R3Ry d9Xj UdkXy Ĝ d3X9V d9X9 UdkXy Ĝ ddX9V S. ReN3 kRek j3ey RyXe UeXk Ĝ RNXkV RRX8 UeXN Ĝ RdXeV

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ@ +BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X "b2HBM2 b+Q`2b 7Q` :. `2 #b2/ QM i?2 >KBHiQM MtB2iv _iBM; a+H2 U>J@V-7Q` a. QM i?2 GB2#QrBix aQ+BH MtB2iv a+H2 UGaaV- U>J@V-7Q` P*. QM i?2 uH2@"`QrM P#b2bbBp2@*QKTmHbBp2 a+H2 Uu@"P*aV- 7Q` Sha. QM i?2 *HBMB+BM@/KBMBbi2`2/ Sha. a+H2 U*Sa@kV M/ 7Q` S. QM i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb BM i?2 k r22Fb #27Q`2 #b2HBM2X

J2i@MHvbBb

q2 T2`7Q`K2/  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 2z2+i bBx2b- bi`iB}2/ #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmT Uh#H2 NXkVX h?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT 2z2+i bBx2 rb bKHH2bi 7Q` P*. UyX9NV- 7QHHQr2/ #v a. UyXe8VX h?2b2 TH+2#Q 2z2+ib r2`2 8NW M/ eyW- `2bT2+iBp2Hv- Q7 i?2 2z2+ib 7QmM/ 7Q` i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; /`m; ;`QmTbX "v +QMi`bi- 7Q` :. M/ Sha.- i?2 TH+2#Q 2z2+i bBx2b r2`2 RXyj M/ yXNd- `2bT2+iBp2Hvc i?2b2 2z2+ib r2`2 deW M/ 3jW- `2bT2+iBp2Hv- Q7 i?2 2z2+ib 7QmM/ 7Q` i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; /`m; ;`QmTbX 6Q` S.- i?2 TH+2#Q `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb 98W- r?B+? rb deW Q7 i?2 `i2 7QmM/ BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX am#biMiBH ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv rb T`2b2Mi 7Q` M2`Hv HH ;`QmTb- rBi? Ak `M;BM; 7`QK 9eW 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmTb BM a. i`BHb iQ 3NW 7Q` i?2

/`m; ;`QmTb BM Sha. i`BHb- Hi?Qm;? +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHb r2`2 ;2M2`HHv rB/2X Rj9

h#H2 NXk, J2i@MHvbBb Q7 2z2+i bBx2b

1z2+i bBx2 UN8W *AV

.BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q .`m; .Bz2`2M+2

:. RXyj UyXNj @ RXRjV RXj8 URXk9 @ RX9eV yXjk UyXRe @ yX9dV a. yXe8 UyX8d @ yXd9V RXy3 UyXNN @ RXR3V yX9j UyXkN @ yX8dV P*. yX9N UyXjN @ yX8NV yX3j UyXdj @ yXNkV yXj9 UyXRN @ yX93V Sha. yXNd UyX3R @ RXRjV RXRd UyXNR @ RX99V yXky U@yXR8 @ yX88V S. yX98 UyXj3 @ yX8kV yX8N UyX88 @ yXe8V yXR9 UyXye @ yXkkV

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X h?2 2z2+i bBx2 Bb 2tT`2bb2/ b >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` :.- a.-P*. M/ Sha.- M/ b `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S.X

J2i@`2;`2bbBQM

6Q` #Qi? :. M/ a.- M2Bi?2` #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv MQ` i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M ;`QmT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv r2`2 biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ`b Q7 i?2 2z2+i bBx2- Hi?Qm;? ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb UT4yXyyR M/ IyXyyR- `2bT2+iBp2HvV Uh#H2 NXj M/ 6B;m`2 NXRVX 6Q` P*.-i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb MQi bB;MB}+Mi- #mi i?2 KBM 2z2+ib Q7 #Qi? ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv r2`2 U;`QmT, TIyXyyRc #b2HBM2, T4yXyyRV- BM/B+iBM; i?i i?2 UTQbBiBp2V bHQT2 Q7 i?2 bbQ+BiBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ 2z2+i bBx2 rb bBKBH` BM i?2 TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTbX 6Q` Sha.- MQM2 Q7 i?2 T`2/B+iQ`b +?B2p2/ biiBbiB+H bB;MB}+M+2X

6Q` S.- r2 KQ/2H2/ i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2X AM i?Bb KQ/2H- i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQi bB;MB}+Mi Uh#H2 NXj M/ 6B;m`2 NXkVX :`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb  bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ` Q7 i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 UT4yXyydV- r?BH2 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQiX

S`HH2HBM; i?2b2 `2bmHib- r2 7QmM/ i?i BM+Hm/BM; i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT BM i?2 KQ/2H `2/m+2/ #2ir22M@;`QmT ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` :. UAk /2+`2bBM; 7`QK 3jW iQ edWV- a. U39W iQ

9NWV- P*. Ud8W iQ 8kWV- M/ S. U3eW iQ ddWV- r?BH2 Bi /B/ MQi `2/m+2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` Sha. U38W iQ 39WVX AM+Hm/BM; i?2 KBM 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 `2/m+2/ ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` P*. QMHv U8kW iQ R9WV- r?BH2 BM+Hm/BM; i?2 BMi2`+iBQM /B/ MQi `2/m+2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7m`i?2` 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`X

a2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2b

AM Qm` b2+QM/`v MHvbBb- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQi  bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ` Q7 i?2 /`m;@ TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`- M/ i?2 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb TQbBiBp2 UBX2X BM i?2 2tT2+i2/ /B`2+iBQMV QMHv 7Q` Sha. Uβ 4 yXy39- T4yX9kVX 6Q` i?2 Qi?2` /BbQ`/2`b- i?2 2z2+i `M;2/ 7`QK @yXye9 iQ @yXyyk UT@pHm2b `M;BM; 7`QK yXRdy iQ yX3eyVX

(10)

9

i?2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2` mM/2` BMp2biB;iBQMX h?2 KDQ`Biv Q7 i`BHb UdRWV mb2/  ~2tB#H2@/Qb2 /2bB;M- HHQrBM; BMp2biB;iQ`b iQ iBi`i2 i?2 /Qb2 ++Q`/BM; iQ  bm#D2+iǶb `2bTQMb2- r?BH2 i?2 `2KBM/2` UkNWV mb2/  }t2/@/Qb2 /2bB;M rBi? TiB2Mib `M/QKBx2/ iQ QM2 Q7 k Q` j /Bz2`2Mi /Qb;2 ;`QmTbX

h?2 8e i`BHb BM+Hm/2/  iQiH Q7 88 TH+2#Q ;`QmTb M/ d3 /`m; ;`QmTb- r?B+? r2`2 TQQH2/ BMiQ 8e /`m; ;`QmTbX h?2 iQiH MmK#2` Q7 T`iB+BTMib +`Qbb /BbQ`/2`b rb R9-dRy- Q7 r?QK e-j3e r2`2 `M/QKBx2/ iQ TH+2#Q M/ 3-jk9 r2`2 `M/QKBx2/ iQ /`m;X "b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb ;2M2`HHv BM i?2 KQ/2`i2 iQ b2p2`2 `M;2X S`iB+BTMi MmK#2`b M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b+Q`2b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT `2 b?QrM BM h#H2 NXRX  +QKTH2i2 HBbiBM; Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb- rBi? #b2HBM2 M/ +?M;2 b+Q`2b U7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.V Q` `2KBbbBQM `i2b U7Q` S.V- Bb T`QpB/2/ BM h#H2b NX9 M/ NX8X

h#H2 NXR, S`iB+BTMi MmK#2`b M/ #b2HBM2 b+Q`2b #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmTX

S`iB+BTMib J2M #b2HBM2 b+Q`2 U`M;2V

.BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q .`m; hQiH SH+2#Q .`m;

:. Rek3 kkRN j39d kjXN UkkXR Ĝ k8XNV k9Xy UkkX8 Ĝ keXyV a. Rk88 RjdN kej9 38X3 UdjXj Ĝ NjXNV 3eXd Ud3Xy Ĝ N8XNV P*. Nde R83j k88N k9X8 UkkXe Ĝ keXjV k9X9 UkkXe Ĝ keXeV Sha. 3kN N3R R3Ry d9Xj UdkXy Ĝ d3X9V d9X9 UdkXy Ĝ ddX9V S. ReN3 kRek j3ey RyXe UeXk Ĝ RNXkV RRX8 UeXN Ĝ RdXeV

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ@ +BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X "b2HBM2 b+Q`2b 7Q` :. `2 #b2/ QM i?2 >KBHiQM MtB2iv _iBM; a+H2 U>J@V-7Q` a. QM i?2 GB2#QrBix aQ+BH MtB2iv a+H2 UGaaV- U>J@V-7Q` P*. QM i?2 uH2@"`QrM P#b2bbBp2@*QKTmHbBp2 a+H2 Uu@"P*aV- 7Q` Sha. QM i?2 *HBMB+BM@/KBMBbi2`2/ Sha. a+H2 U*Sa@kV M/ 7Q` S. QM i?2 MmK#2` Q7 TMB+ ii+Fb BM i?2 k r22Fb #27Q`2 #b2HBM2X

J2i@MHvbBb

q2 T2`7Q`K2/  K2i@MHvbBb Q7 2z2+i bBx2b- bi`iB}2/ #v /BbQ`/2` M/ ;`QmT Uh#H2 NXkVX h?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmT 2z2+i bBx2 rb bKHH2bi 7Q` P*. UyX9NV- 7QHHQr2/ #v a. UyXe8VX h?2b2 TH+2#Q 2z2+ib r2`2 8NW M/ eyW- `2bT2+iBp2Hv- Q7 i?2 2z2+ib 7QmM/ 7Q` i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; /`m; ;`QmTbX "v +QMi`bi- 7Q` :. M/ Sha.- i?2 TH+2#Q 2z2+i bBx2b r2`2 RXyj M/ yXNd- `2bT2+iBp2Hvc i?2b2 2z2+ib r2`2 deW M/ 3jW- `2bT2+iBp2Hv- Q7 i?2 2z2+ib 7QmM/ 7Q` i?2 +Q``2bTQM/BM; /`m; ;`QmTbX 6Q` S.- i?2 TH+2#Q `2KBbbBQM `i2 rb 98W- r?B+? rb deW Q7 i?2 `i2 7QmM/ BM i?2 /`m; ;`QmTX am#biMiBH ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv rb T`2b2Mi 7Q` M2`Hv HH ;`QmTb- rBi? Ak`M;BM; 7`QK 9eW 7Q` i?2 TH+2#Q ;`QmTb BM a. i`BHb iQ 3NW 7Q` i?2

/`m; ;`QmTb BM Sha. i`BHb- Hi?Qm;? +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHb r2`2 ;2M2`HHv rB/2X Rj9

h#H2 NXk, J2i@MHvbBb Q7 2z2+i bBx2b

1z2+i bBx2 UN8W *AV

.BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q .`m; .Bz2`2M+2

:. RXyj UyXNj @ RXRjV RXj8 URXk9 @ RX9eV yXjk UyXRe @ yX9dV a. yXe8 UyX8d @ yXd9V RXy3 UyXNN @ RXR3V yX9j UyXkN @ yX8dV P*. yX9N UyXjN @ yX8NV yX3j UyXdj @ yXNkV yXj9 UyXRN @ yX93V Sha. yXNd UyX3R @ RXRjV RXRd UyXNR @ RX99V yXky U@yXR8 @ yX88V S. yX98 UyXj3 @ yX8kV yX8N UyX88 @ yXe8V yXR9 UyXye @ yXkkV

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X h?2 2z2+i bBx2 Bb 2tT`2bb2/ b >2/;2bǶ ; 7Q` :.- a.-P*. M/ Sha.- M/ b `2KBbbBQM `i2 7Q` S.X

J2i@`2;`2bbBQM

6Q` #Qi? :. M/ a.- M2Bi?2` #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv MQ` i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M ;`QmT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv r2`2 biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ`b Q7 i?2 2z2+i bBx2- Hi?Qm;? ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb UT4yXyyR M/ IyXyyR- `2bT2+iBp2HvV Uh#H2 NXj M/ 6B;m`2 NXRVX 6Q` P*.-i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb MQi bB;MB}+Mi- #mi i?2 KBM 2z2+ib Q7 #Qi? ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv r2`2 U;`QmT, TIyXyyRc #b2HBM2, T4yXyyRV- BM/B+iBM; i?i i?2 UTQbBiBp2V bHQT2 Q7 i?2 bbQ+BiBQM #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ 2z2+i bBx2 rb bBKBH` BM i?2 TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTbX 6Q` Sha.- MQM2 Q7 i?2 T`2/B+iQ`b +?B2p2/ biiBbiB+H bB;MB}+M+2X

6Q` S.- r2 KQ/2H2/ i?2 `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2X AM i?Bb KQ/2H- i?2 BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M ;`QmT K2K#2`b?BT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQi bB;MB}+Mi Uh#H2 NXj M/ 6B;m`2 NXkVX :`QmT K2K#2`b?BT rb  bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ` Q7 i?2 `2KBbbBQM `i2 UT4yXyydV- r?BH2 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQiX

S`HH2HBM; i?2b2 `2bmHib- r2 7QmM/ i?i BM+Hm/BM; i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT BM i?2 KQ/2H `2/m+2/ #2ir22M@;`QmT ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` :. UAk /2+`2bBM; 7`QK 3jW iQ edWV- a. U39W iQ

9NWV- P*. Ud8W iQ 8kWV- M/ S. U3eW iQ ddWV- r?BH2 Bi /B/ MQi `2/m+2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` Sha. U38W iQ 39WVX AM+Hm/BM; i?2 KBM 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 `2/m+2/ ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7Q` P*. QMHv U8kW iQ R9WV- r?BH2 BM+Hm/BM; i?2 BMi2`+iBQM /B/ MQi `2/m+2 ?2i2`Q;2M2Biv 7m`i?2` 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`X

a2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2b

AM Qm` b2+QM/`v MHvbBb- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb MQi  bB;MB}+Mi T`2/B+iQ` Q7 i?2 /`m;@ TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`- M/ i?2 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb TQbBiBp2 UBX2X BM i?2 2tT2+i2/ /B`2+iBQMV QMHv 7Q` Sha. Uβ 4 yXy39- T4yX9kVX 6Q` i?2 Qi?2` /BbQ`/2`b- i?2 2z2+i `M;2/ 7`QK @yXye9 iQ @yXyyk UT@pHm2b `M;BM; 7`QK yXRdy iQ yX3eyVX

(11)

h#H2 NXj, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb

JQ/2H R UrBi? BMi2`+iBQMV JQ/2H k UrBi?Qmi BMi2`+iBQMV

.BbQ`/2` S`2/B+iQ` β UN8W *AV T βUN8W *AV T

:. :`QmT yXjR UyXR8 @ yX9dV yXyyR yXjk UyXRe @ yX93V yXyyR "b2HBM2 @yXyj U@yXR8 @ yXyNV yXey @yXyR U@yXyN @ yXydV yXdd : t " yXy9 U@yXRj @ yXkyV yXe8

a. :`QmT yX9j UyXkN @ yX8dV yXyyR yX9j UyXkN @ yX8eV yXyyR "b2HBM2 yXye U@yXy9 @ yXRdV yXkR yXy9 U@yXyj @ yXRRV yXkN : t " @yXye U@yXky @ yXyNV yX9j

P*. :`QmT yXj8 UyXyXkj @ yX9eV yXyyR yXj8 UyXk9 @ yX9dV yXyyR "b2HBM2 yXyN U@yXyy9 @ yXRdV yXy9 yXRR UyXy8 @ yXRdV yXyyR : t " yXy9 U@yXyd @ yXReV yX9e

Sha. :`QmT yXky U@yXRd @ yX8eV yXk8 yXky U@yXRe @ yX8eV yXk9 "b2HBM2 @yXyR U@yXk3 @ yXkdV yXNe yXyd U@yXRk @ yXkeV yX9R : t " yXRe U@yXkk @ yX8jV yXjd

S. :`QmT yXR9 UyXy8 @ yXk9V yXyye yXR9 UyXy8 @ yXk9V yXyy8 "b2HBM2 @yXyR U@yXRR @ yXyNV yX38 @yXyR U@yXy3 @ yXyeV yX3R : t " yXyyk U@yXRy @ yXRyV yXNe

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X : t " 4 :`QmT t "b2HBM2 BMi2`+iBQMX

h?2 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ N //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` :. (j39- j38- j3e- j3d- j33-j3N- jNy- jNR- jNk)- Ry //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` a. (jNj- jN9- jN8- jNe- jNd- jN3- jNN- 9yy- 9yR-9yk)- e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` P*. (9yj- 9y9- 9y8- 9ye- 9yd- 9y3)- e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` Sha. (9yN- 9Ry- 9RR- 9Rk- 9Rj- 9R9)- M/ e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` S. (9R8- 9Re- 9Rd- 9R3- 9RN- 9ky)X h?2 `M;2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb BM+`2b2/ bHB;?iHv iQ bm#biMiBHHv 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b BM i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHbX >Qr2p2`- MQ biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+ib r2`2 7QmM/ 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`- Hi?Qm;? i?2 KBM 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 #2+K2 biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi 7Q` :.- Sha.- M/ a.- BM //BiBQM iQ P*. Uh#H2 NXe BM i?2 TT2M/BtVX

.Bb+mbbBQM

S`BM+BTH }M/BM;b

q2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /BbQ`/2` z2+ib i?2 2{++v Q7 b2+QM/@ ;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib BM i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?Bb }M/BM; biM/b BM `2K`F#H2 +QMi`bi iQ r?i ?b #22M `2TQ`i2/ BM bim/B2b BMp2biB;iBM; J..X 6Q` P*.- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ T`2/B+i +?M;2 BM b+Q`2 BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb-#mi MQ /Bz2`2MiBH 2z2+i rb TT`2MiX h?Bb bm;;2bib i?i TiB2Mib rBi? KQ`2 b2p2`2 P*. Kv b?Qr bm#biMiBHHv ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMi i`2iK2Mi i?M

Rje OCD PTSD GAD SAD 23 24 25 26 72 74 76 78 22 23 24 25 26 75 80 85 90 95 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Baseline score Hedges' g Drug Placebo

6B;m`2 NXR, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb 7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.X .i TQBMib `2

bBx2/ T`QTQ`iBQMHHv iQ i?2 BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` biM/`/ 2``Q`X

TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/2` P*.- #mi i?Bb Bb MQi /m2 iQ BKT`Qp2/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM b2p2`2 P*.X Pm` b2MbBiBpBiv MHvbBb- BM r?B+? jd //BiBQMH i`BHb r2`2 BM+Hm/2/- bm;;2bib i?i  bBKBH` `2;`2bbBQM iQ i?2 K2M 2z2+i KB;?i HbQ Q++m` BM Qi?2` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- #mi +QM}`K2/ i?2 H+F Q7 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i BM HH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX

1z2+i bBx2b 7Q` i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 r2`2 mMz2+i2/ #v BM+HmbBQM Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b  KBM 2z2+i Q` BM BMi2`+iBQM rBi? ;`QmT- #mi i?2v r2`2 ;2M2`HHv bKHH2` i?M  +`Bi2`BQM 7Q` +HBMB+H bB;MB}+M+2 T`2pBQmbHv mb2/ Ui?Qm;? rBi?Qmi +H2` DmbiB}+iBQMV 7Q` J.. U/4yX8V (eN)X >Qr2p2`- Bi ?b #22M b?QrM i?i 2z2+i bBx2b 2t+22/BM; yX8 `2 MQi +?B2p2/ #v KQbi +m``2Mi i`2iK2Mib- 2Bi?2` BM Tbv+?Bi`v Q` BM ;2M2`H K2/B+BM2 (9kR)X 6m`i?2`KQ`2- +HBMB+H bB;MB}+M+2 Bb +QMi2ti@ M/ /BbQ`/2`@bT2+B}+ (9kk)X M 2KTB`B+HHv@

(12)

9

h#H2 NXj, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb

JQ/2H R UrBi? BMi2`+iBQMV JQ/2H k UrBi?Qmi BMi2`+iBQMV

.BbQ`/2` S`2/B+iQ` βUN8W *AV T β UN8W *AV T

:. :`QmT yXjR UyXR8 @ yX9dV yXyyR yXjk UyXRe @ yX93V yXyyR "b2HBM2 @yXyj U@yXR8 @ yXyNV yXey @yXyR U@yXyN @ yXydV yXdd : t " yXy9 U@yXRj @ yXkyV yXe8

a. :`QmT yX9j UyXkN @ yX8dV yXyyR yX9j UyXkN @ yX8eV yXyyR "b2HBM2 yXye U@yXy9 @ yXRdV yXkR yXy9 U@yXyj @ yXRRV yXkN : t " @yXye U@yXky @ yXyNV yX9j

P*. :`QmT yXj8 UyXyXkj @ yX9eV yXyyR yXj8 UyXk9 @ yX9dV yXyyR "b2HBM2 yXyN U@yXyy9 @ yXRdV yXy9 yXRR UyXy8 @ yXRdV yXyyR : t " yXy9 U@yXyd @ yXReV yX9e

Sha. :`QmT yXky U@yXRd @ yX8eV yXk8 yXky U@yXRe @ yX8eV yXk9 "b2HBM2 @yXyR U@yXk3 @ yXkdV yXNe yXyd U@yXRk @ yXkeV yX9R : t " yXRe U@yXkk @ yX8jV yXjd

S. :`QmT yXR9 UyXy8 @ yXk9V yXyye yXR9 UyXy8 @ yXk9V yXyy8 "b2HBM2 @yXyR U@yXRR @ yXyNV yX38 @yXyR U@yXy3 @ yXyeV yX3R : t " yXyyk U@yXRy @ yXRyV yXNe

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X : t " 4 :`QmT t "b2HBM2 BMi2`+iBQMX

h?2 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ N //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` :. (j39- j38- j3e- j3d- j33-j3N- jNy- jNR- jNk)- Ry //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` a. (jNj- jN9- jN8- jNe- jNd- jN3- jNN- 9yy- 9yR-9yk)- e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` P*. (9yj- 9y9- 9y8- 9ye- 9yd- 9y3)- e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` Sha. (9yN- 9Ry- 9RR- 9Rk- 9Rj- 9R9)- M/ e //BiBQMH i`BHb 7Q` S. (9R8- 9Re- 9Rd- 9R3- 9RN- 9ky)X h?2 `M;2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb BM+`2b2/ bHB;?iHv iQ bm#biMiBHHv 7Q` HH /BbQ`/2`b BM i?Bb 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHbX >Qr2p2`- MQ biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+ib r2`2 7QmM/ 7Q` Mv /BbQ`/2`- Hi?Qm;? i?2 KBM 2z2+i Q7 #b2HBM2 #2+K2 biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi 7Q` :.- Sha.- M/ a.- BM //BiBQM iQ P*. Uh#H2 NXe BM i?2 TT2M/BtVX

.Bb+mbbBQM

S`BM+BTH }M/BM;b

q2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 i?i #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv Q7 /BbQ`/2` z2+ib i?2 2{++v Q7 b2+QM/@ ;2M2`iBQM MiB/2T`2bbMib BM i?2 b?Q`i@i2`K i`2iK2Mi Q7 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX h?Bb }M/BM; biM/b BM `2K`F#H2 +QMi`bi iQ r?i ?b #22M `2TQ`i2/ BM bim/B2b BMp2biB;iBM; J..X 6Q` P*.- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv /B/ T`2/B+i +?M;2 BM b+Q`2 BM #Qi? TH+2#Q M/ /`m; ;`QmTb-#mi MQ /Bz2`2MiBH 2z2+i rb TT`2MiX h?Bb bm;;2bib i?i TiB2Mib rBi? KQ`2 b2p2`2 P*. Kv b?Qr bm#biMiBHHv ;`2i2` BKT`Qp2K2Mi rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMi i`2iK2Mi i?M

Rje OCD PTSD GAD SAD 23 24 25 26 72 74 76 78 22 23 24 25 26 75 80 85 90 95 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Baseline score Hedges' g Drug Placebo

6B;m`2 NXR, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb 7Q` :.- a.- P*.- M/ Sha.X .i TQBMib `2

bBx2/ T`QTQ`iBQMHHv iQ i?2 BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` biM/`/ 2``Q`X

TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/2` P*.- #mi i?Bb Bb MQi /m2 iQ BKT`Qp2/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM b2p2`2 P*.X Pm` b2MbBiBpBiv MHvbBb- BM r?B+? jd //BiBQMH i`BHb r2`2 BM+Hm/2/- bm;;2bib i?i  bBKBH` `2;`2bbBQM iQ i?2 K2M 2z2+i KB;?i HbQ Q++m` BM Qi?2` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- #mi +QM}`K2/ i?2 H+F Q7 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i BM HH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`bX

1z2+i bBx2b 7Q` i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 r2`2 mMz2+i2/ #v BM+HmbBQM Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv b  KBM 2z2+i Q` BM BMi2`+iBQM rBi? ;`QmT- #mi i?2v r2`2 ;2M2`HHv bKHH2` i?M  +`Bi2`BQM 7Q` +HBMB+H bB;MB}+M+2 T`2pBQmbHv mb2/ Ui?Qm;? rBi?Qmi +H2` DmbiB}+iBQMV 7Q` J.. U/4yX8V (eN)X >Qr2p2`- Bi ?b #22M b?QrM i?i 2z2+i bBx2b 2t+22/BM; yX8 `2 MQi +?B2p2/ #v KQbi +m``2Mi i`2iK2Mib- 2Bi?2` BM Tbv+?Bi`v Q` BM ;2M2`H K2/B+BM2 (9kR)X 6m`i?2`KQ`2- +HBMB+H bB;MB}+M+2 Bb +QMi2ti@ M/ /BbQ`/2`@bT2+B}+ (9kk)X M 2KTB`B+HHv@

(13)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 5 10 15 20 Baseline score Remission rate Drug Placebo

6B;m`2 NXk, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb 7Q` S.X .i TQBMib `2 bBx2/ T`QTQ`iBQMHHv iQ i?2

BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` biM/`/ 2``Q`X

/2`Bp2/ +`Bi2`BQM Q7 /4yXk9 ?b #22M bm;;2bi2/ iQ #2  KQ`2 K2MBM;7mH i?`2b?QH/ 7Q` +HBMB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi 2{++v 7Q` J.. (9kj)X Hi?Qm;? MQi HH BM+Hm/2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b K2i i?i i?`2b?QH/ BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvbBb- i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 Kv ?p2 #22M mM/2`2biBKi2/ bHB;?iHv /m2 iQ Qm` MHviB+H TT`Q+?X q2 ?p2 T`2pBQmbHv MHvx2/ i?2 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?Bb bim/v #v +QMp2MiBQMH K2i@MHviB+ K2i?Q/b M/ 7QmM/ 2z2+i bBx2b Q7 yXkd M/ ;`2i2` (ky)X 6m`i?2` `2b2`+? Bb `2[mB`2/ iQ 2bi#HBb? r?2i?2` MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b Kv #2 +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BM HH Q` BM bm#b2ib Q7 TiB2MibX

//BiBQMHHv- i?2 2tT2+i2/ 2{++v Q7 K2/B+iBQM Bb QMHv QM2 Q7 KMv 7+iQ`b i?i THv  `QH2 BM i?2 /2+BbBQM iQ T`2b+`B#2 MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` M BM/BpB/mH TiB2MiX Pi?2` Bbbm2b-bm+? b i?2 2tT2+i2/ #m`/2M Q7 bB/2 2z2+ib- i?2 #m`/2M TQb2/ #v i?2 /BbQ`/2` Bib2H7-i?2 MiB+BTi2/ +Qm`b2 Q7 Bib2H7-i?2 /BbQ`/2`- M/ Bib2H7-i?2 pBH#BHBiv- ++2Ti#BHBiv- M/ 2{++v Q7 Hi2`MiBp2 i`2iK2Mi QTiBQMb HBF2 Tbv+?Qi?2`Tv- Kmbi HbQ #2 +QMbB/2`2/ (9k9)X h?2b2 +QMbB/2`iBQMb KB;?i H2/ iQ /Bz2`2Mi T`2b+`B#BM; /2+BbBQMb 7Q` TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/ p2`bmb b2p2`2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- 2p2M BM i?2 #b2M+2 Q7 /Bz2`2MiBH 2{++vX

*QKT`BbQM rBi? /2T`2bbBQM

6Q` J..- Bi ?b #22M bm;;2bi2/ i?i i?2 i?`2b?QH/ 7Q` dzMiB/2T`2bbMi@i`2i#H2 /2T`2b@ bBQMǴ b?QmH/ #2 ?B;?2` (9k8)- ;Bp2M i?i KBH/Hv /2T`2bb2/ TiB2Mib /Q MQi b?Qr  bi`QM; /Bz2`2MiBH `2bTQMb2 iQ MiB/2T`2bbMib Qp2` TH+2#QX Ai Bb TQbbB#H2 i?i i?Bb i?`2b?QH/ M22/b iQ #2 2p2M ?B;?2` BM MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- M/ i?i r2 rQmH/ }M/ ;`2i2` 2{++v Q7

Rj3

MiB/2T`2bbMib BM i?2 KQbi b2p2`2Hv MtBQmb TiB2Mib i?M r2 /Q BM TiB2Mib rBi? H2bb 2ti`2K2 MtB2ivX

MQi?2` TQbbB#H2 2tTHMiBQM HB2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 BM +?`QMB+Biv #2ir22M MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b M/ J..X .2T`2bbBp2 2TBbQ/2b i2M/ iQ #2 `2HiBp2Hv b?Q`i- rBi?  K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 j Ĝ e KQMi?b (j- 9ke)- r?BH2 i?2 K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 M MtB2iv 2TBbQ/2 ?b #22M 2biBKi2/ i Re KQMi?b (j)X >Qr2p2`- /m`iBQM Q7  /2T`2bbBp2 2TBbQ/2 Bb TQbBiBp2Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? b2p2`Biv (j)X h?Bb bm;;2bib i?i- HH Qi?2` i?BM;b #2BM; 2[mH- TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/ /2T`2bbBQM `2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ `2KBi bTQMiM2QmbHv rBi?BM i?2 b?Q`i iBK2 7`K2 Q7  +HBMB+H i`BH i?M TiB2Mib rBi? b2p2`2 /2T`2bbBQMX

aBM+2  /`m; 2z2+i +MMQi #2 /2KQMbi`i2/ BM TiB2Mib r?Q `2KBi bTQMiM2QmbHv- 2{++v rQmH/ #2 2tT2+i2/ iQ #2 `2/m+2/ BM  TiB2Mi ;`QmT rBi?  ?B;? HBF2HB?QQ/ Q7 bTQMi@ M2Qmb `2KBbbBQMX *QMb2[m2MiHv- i?2 +Q``2HiBQM #2ir22M b2p2`Biv M/ 2TBbQ/2 /m`iBQM Kv 2tTHBM i?2 BM+`2b2 BM MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; /2T`2bbBQM b2p2`BivX Hi?Qm;? b2p2`Biv HbQ +Q``2Hi2b rBi? 2TBbQ/2 /m`iBQM BM MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (9kd)- i?Bb Kv THv H2bb Q7  `QH2 rBi?BM i?2 +QMi2ti Q7  b?Q`i +HBMB+H i`BHX :Bp2M i?2 HQM; K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 M 2TBbQ/2 Q7 MtB2iv- bTQMiM2Qmb `2KBbbBQM `i2b rQmH/ #2 2tT2+i2/ iQ #2 `2HiBp2Hv HQr +`Qbb i?2 b2p2`Biv `M;2X

Hi2`MiBp2Hv- r2 Kv ?p2 #22M mM#H2 iQ /2i2+i  `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v /m2 iQ  `2bi`B+iBQM BM `M;2X b i`BHb ;2M2`HHv ?p2  KBM@ BKmK b2p2`Biv `2[mB`2K2Mi- b r2HH b 2t+HmbBQM +`Bi2`B i?i i2M/ iQ 2t+Hm/2 b2p2`2Hv BHH TiB2Mib U2X;X- `2;`/BM; i`2iK2Mib `2+2Bp2/ M/ +QKQ`#B/BivV- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb `2@ bi`B+i2/ iQ i?2 KQ/2`i2 iQ p2`v b2p2`2 `M;2 BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvb2b- Hi?Qm;? i?2 `M;2 rb 2ti2M/2/ bQK2r?i BM Qm` b2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2bX >Qr2p2`- T`2pBQmb bim/B2b BM J..-r?B+? r2`2 #H2 iQ /2i2+i  `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v- ?/ bBKBH`Hv `2bi`B+i2/ b2p2`Biv `M;2bX

q2 Kv HbQ ?p2 ?/ BMbm{+B2Mi TQr2` iQ }M/  biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM, Hi?Qm;? i?2 iQiH MmK#2` Q7 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v rb H`;2- i?2 MmK#2` Q7 i`BHb T2` /BbQ`/2` rb HBKBi2/ iQ d Ĝ ReX >Qr2p2`- i?2 `2bmHib /Q MQi bm;;2bi  K2MBM;7mH i`2M/ iQr`/ BM+`2bBM; 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; b2p2`Biv- 2t+2Ti TQbbB#Hv 7Q` Sha.- 7Q` r?B+? r2 ?/ i?2 72r2bi pBH#H2 i`BHbX h?2 2biBKi2b Q7 i?2 BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i r2`2 bm#biMiBHHv HQr2` U≤ 0.04- 2t+2Ti 7Q` Sha.V Q` 2p2M BM i?2 QTTQbBi2 /B`2+iBQM b i?2 2biBKi2 T`2pBQmbHv `2TQ`i2/ 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM (eN)X h?2b2 2biBKi2b `2 bKHH 2MQm;? iQ #2 Q7 HBKBi2/ +HBMB+H `2H2pM+2- Hi?Qm;? bQK2 +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHb 2M+QKTbb pHm2b i?i Kv #2 +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMiX

6m`i?2`KQ`2- Qm` b2+QM/`v MHvb2b- r?B+? BM+Hm/2/ e iQ Ry //BiBQMH i`BHb T2` /BbQ`/2`-HbQ b?Qr2/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` BM+`2bBM; 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; b2p2`Biv- 2p2M 7Q` Sha.X G`;2` bKTH2b rQmH/ #2 `2[mB`2/ iQ +QM+HmbBp2Hv 2t+Hm/2 i?2 TQbbB#BHBiv Q7 2p2M bKHH BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+ib- #mi mM7Q`imMi2Hv i?2 MmK#2` Q7 `M/QKBx2/ i`BHb i?i ?p2 #22M +QM/m+i2/ Bb HBKBi2/- M/ +QMb2[m2MiHv  H`;2` bKTH2 Q7 i`BHb Bb MQi pBH#H2X

(14)

9

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 5 10 15 20 Baseline score Remission rate Drug Placebo

6B;m`2 NXk, J2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb 7Q` S.X .i TQBMib `2 bBx2/ T`QTQ`iBQMHHv iQ i?2

BMp2`b2 Q7 i?2B` biM/`/ 2``Q`X

/2`Bp2/ +`Bi2`BQM Q7 /4yXk9 ?b #22M bm;;2bi2/ iQ #2  KQ`2 K2MBM;7mH i?`2b?QH/ 7Q` +HBMB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi 2{++v 7Q` J.. (9kj)X Hi?Qm;? MQi HH BM+Hm/2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b K2i i?i i?`2b?QH/ BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvbBb- i?2 /`m;@TH+2#Q /Bz2`2M+2 Kv ?p2 #22M mM/2`2biBKi2/ bHB;?iHv /m2 iQ Qm` MHviB+H TT`Q+?X q2 ?p2 T`2pBQmbHv MHvx2/ i?2 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?Bb bim/v #v +QMp2MiBQMH K2i@MHviB+ K2i?Q/b M/ 7QmM/ 2z2+i bBx2b Q7 yXkd M/ ;`2i2` (ky)X 6m`i?2` `2b2`+? Bb `2[mB`2/ iQ 2bi#HBb? r?2i?2` MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v BM i?2 /Bz2`2Mi MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b Kv #2 +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BM HH Q` BM bm#b2ib Q7 TiB2MibX

//BiBQMHHv- i?2 2tT2+i2/ 2{++v Q7 K2/B+iBQM Bb QMHv QM2 Q7 KMv 7+iQ`b i?i THv  `QH2 BM i?2 /2+BbBQM iQ T`2b+`B#2 MiB/2T`2bbMib 7Q` M BM/BpB/mH TiB2MiX Pi?2` Bbbm2b-bm+? b i?2 2tT2+i2/ #m`/2M Q7 bB/2 2z2+ib- i?2 #m`/2M TQb2/ #v i?2 /BbQ`/2` Bib2H7-i?2 MiB+BTi2/ +Qm`b2 Q7 Bib2H7-i?2 /BbQ`/2`- M/ Bib2H7-i?2 pBH#BHBiv- ++2Ti#BHBiv- M/ 2{++v Q7 Hi2`MiBp2 i`2iK2Mi QTiBQMb HBF2 Tbv+?Qi?2`Tv- Kmbi HbQ #2 +QMbB/2`2/ (9k9)X h?2b2 +QMbB/2`iBQMb KB;?i H2/ iQ /Bz2`2Mi T`2b+`B#BM; /2+BbBQMb 7Q` TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/ p2`bmb b2p2`2 MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- 2p2M BM i?2 #b2M+2 Q7 /Bz2`2MiBH 2{++vX

*QKT`BbQM rBi? /2T`2bbBQM

6Q` J..- Bi ?b #22M bm;;2bi2/ i?i i?2 i?`2b?QH/ 7Q` dzMiB/2T`2bbMi@i`2i#H2 /2T`2b@ bBQMǴ b?QmH/ #2 ?B;?2` (9k8)- ;Bp2M i?i KBH/Hv /2T`2bb2/ TiB2Mib /Q MQi b?Qr  bi`QM; /Bz2`2MiBH `2bTQMb2 iQ MiB/2T`2bbMib Qp2` TH+2#QX Ai Bb TQbbB#H2 i?i i?Bb i?`2b?QH/ M22/b iQ #2 2p2M ?B;?2` BM MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- M/ i?i r2 rQmH/ }M/ ;`2i2` 2{++v Q7

Rj3

MiB/2T`2bbMib BM i?2 KQbi b2p2`2Hv MtBQmb TiB2Mib i?M r2 /Q BM TiB2Mib rBi? H2bb 2ti`2K2 MtB2ivX

MQi?2` TQbbB#H2 2tTHMiBQM HB2b BM i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 BM +?`QMB+Biv #2ir22M MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b M/ J..X .2T`2bbBp2 2TBbQ/2b i2M/ iQ #2 `2HiBp2Hv b?Q`i- rBi?  K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 j Ĝ e KQMi?b (j- 9ke)- r?BH2 i?2 K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 M MtB2iv 2TBbQ/2 ?b #22M 2biBKi2/ i Re KQMi?b (j)X >Qr2p2`- /m`iBQM Q7  /2T`2bbBp2 2TBbQ/2 Bb TQbBiBp2Hv +Q``2Hi2/ rBi? b2p2`Biv (j)X h?Bb bm;;2bib i?i- HH Qi?2` i?BM;b #2BM; 2[mH- TiB2Mib rBi? KBH/ /2T`2bbBQM `2 KQ`2 HBF2Hv iQ `2KBi bTQMiM2QmbHv rBi?BM i?2 b?Q`i iBK2 7`K2 Q7  +HBMB+H i`BH i?M TiB2Mib rBi? b2p2`2 /2T`2bbBQMX

aBM+2  /`m; 2z2+i +MMQi #2 /2KQMbi`i2/ BM TiB2Mib r?Q `2KBi bTQMiM2QmbHv- 2{++v rQmH/ #2 2tT2+i2/ iQ #2 `2/m+2/ BM  TiB2Mi ;`QmT rBi?  ?B;? HBF2HB?QQ/ Q7 bTQMi@ M2Qmb `2KBbbBQMX *QMb2[m2MiHv- i?2 +Q``2HiBQM #2ir22M b2p2`Biv M/ 2TBbQ/2 /m`iBQM Kv 2tTHBM i?2 BM+`2b2 BM MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; /2T`2bbBQM b2p2`BivX Hi?Qm;? b2p2`Biv HbQ +Q``2Hi2b rBi? 2TBbQ/2 /m`iBQM BM MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b (9kd)- i?Bb Kv THv H2bb Q7  `QH2 rBi?BM i?2 +QMi2ti Q7  b?Q`i +HBMB+H i`BHX :Bp2M i?2 HQM; K2/BM /m`iBQM Q7 M 2TBbQ/2 Q7 MtB2iv- bTQMiM2Qmb `2KBbbBQM `i2b rQmH/ #2 2tT2+i2/ iQ #2 `2HiBp2Hv HQr +`Qbb i?2 b2p2`Biv `M;2X

Hi2`MiBp2Hv- r2 Kv ?p2 #22M mM#H2 iQ /2i2+i  `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v /m2 iQ  `2bi`B+iBQM BM `M;2X b i`BHb ;2M2`HHv ?p2  KBM@ BKmK b2p2`Biv `2[mB`2K2Mi- b r2HH b 2t+HmbBQM +`Bi2`B i?i i2M/ iQ 2t+Hm/2 b2p2`2Hv BHH TiB2Mib U2X;X- `2;`/BM; i`2iK2Mib `2+2Bp2/ M/ +QKQ`#B/BivV- #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv rb `2@ bi`B+i2/ iQ i?2 KQ/2`i2 iQ p2`v b2p2`2 `M;2 BM Qm` T`BK`v MHvb2b- Hi?Qm;? i?2 `M;2 rb 2ti2M/2/ bQK2r?i BM Qm` b2MbBiBpBiv MHvb2bX >Qr2p2`- T`2pBQmb bim/B2b BM J..-r?B+? r2`2 #H2 iQ /2i2+i  `2HiBQMb?BT #2ir22M #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv M/ MiB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v- ?/ bBKBH`Hv `2bi`B+i2/ b2p2`Biv `M;2bX

q2 Kv HbQ ?p2 ?/ BMbm{+B2Mi TQr2` iQ }M/  biiBbiB+HHv bB;MB}+Mi BMi2`+iBQM, Hi?Qm;? i?2 iQiH MmK#2` Q7 i`BHb BM+Hm/2/ BM i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v rb H`;2- i?2 MmK#2` Q7 i`BHb T2` /BbQ`/2` rb HBKBi2/ iQ d Ĝ ReX >Qr2p2`- i?2 `2bmHib /Q MQi bm;;2bi  K2MBM;7mH i`2M/ iQr`/ BM+`2bBM; 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; b2p2`Biv- 2t+2Ti TQbbB#Hv 7Q` Sha.- 7Q` r?B+? r2 ?/ i?2 72r2bi pBH#H2 i`BHbX h?2 2biBKi2b Q7 i?2 BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+i r2`2 bm#biMiBHHv HQr2` U≤ 0.04- 2t+2Ti 7Q` Sha.V Q` 2p2M BM i?2 QTTQbBi2 /B`2+iBQM b i?2 2biBKi2 T`2pBQmbHv `2TQ`i2/ 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM (eN)X h?2b2 2biBKi2b `2 bKHH 2MQm;? iQ #2 Q7 HBKBi2/ +HBMB+H `2H2pM+2- Hi?Qm;? bQK2 +QM}/2M+2 BMi2`pHb 2M+QKTbb pHm2b i?i Kv #2 +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMiX

6m`i?2`KQ`2- Qm` b2+QM/`v MHvb2b- r?B+? BM+Hm/2/ e iQ Ry //BiBQMH i`BHb T2` /BbQ`/2`-HbQ b?Qr2/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` BM+`2bBM; 2{++v rBi? BM+`2bBM; b2p2`Biv- 2p2M 7Q` Sha.X G`;2` bKTH2b rQmH/ #2 `2[mB`2/ iQ +QM+HmbBp2Hv 2t+Hm/2 i?2 TQbbB#BHBiv Q7 2p2M bKHH BMi2`+iBQM 2z2+ib- #mi mM7Q`imMi2Hv i?2 MmK#2` Q7 `M/QKBx2/ i`BHb i?i ?p2 #22M +QM/m+i2/ Bb HBKBi2/- M/ +QMb2[m2MiHv  H`;2` bKTH2 Q7 i`BHb Bb MQi pBH#H2X

(15)

ai`2M;i?b M/ HBKBiiBQMb

KQM; i?2 bi`2M;i?b Q7 i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v Bb i?2 7+i i?i r2 r2`2 #H2 iQ Q#iBM  /ib2i i?i Bb 7`22 7`QK i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 Tm#HB+iBQM Q` Qmi+QK2 `2TQ`iBM; #BbX M //BiBQMH bi`2M;i? Q7 i?2 bim/v Bb i?2 ?B;? [mHBiv Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHbX b i?2b2 i`BHb r2`2 +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 Tm`TQb2 Q7 Q#iBMBM; K`F2iBM; TT`QpH- i?2v r2`2 `2[mB`2/ iQ K22i bi`B+i biM/`/b QM BMi2`MH pHB/Biv U#HBM/BM;- `M/QKBxiBQM- 2i+XVX h?Bb HbQ 2Mbm`2/ i?i i`BHb +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 i?2 bK2 /BbQ`/2` r2`2- BM ;2M2`H-[mBi2 +QKT`#H2X

 HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 r2`2 7Q`+2/ iQ mb2  /Bz2`2Mi Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 7Q` S. U`2KBbbBQMV i?M r2 /B/ 7Q` i?2 Qi?2` /BbQ`/2`bc +QMb2[m2MiHv- r2 +MMQi `mH2 Qmi i?2 TQbbB#BHBiv i?i M BMi2`+iBQM KB;?i ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ B7 r2 ?/ mb2/  +QMiBMmQmb Qmi+QK2 Ubm+? b +?M;2V BMbi2/X

M //BiBQMH- BKTQ`iMi HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 /B/ MQi ?p2 ++2bb iQ BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i M/ ?2M+2 mb2/ bmKK`v /i BMbi2/X lb2 Q7 bmKK`v /i M2+2bb`BHv +mb2b  HQbb Q7 BM7Q`KiBQM- /m2 iQ p2`;BM; Qmi BMi2`@BM/BpB/mH p`BiBQM rBi?BM i`BHb- M/  +QM+QKBiMi HQbb Q7 TQr2`X Hi?Qm;? BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i ?p2 ?BbiQ`B+HHv #22M p2`v /B{+mHi iQ Q#iBM- MQp2H BMBiBiBp2b `2 MQr #2;BMMBM; iQ BM+`2b2 i?2B` ++2bbB#BHBiv iQ `2b2`+?2`b U2X;X +HBMB+Hbim/v/i`2[m2biX+QKVX

:Bp2M Qm` +m``2Mi `2bmHib- r?B+? bm;;2bi i?i i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv QM M@ iB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v Kv #2 /Bz2`2Mi 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b i?M 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM- 7mim`2 `2b2`+? KFBM; mb2 Q7 BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i Bb 2bb2MiBH iQ T`QpB/2  /2}MBiBp2 Mbr2` iQ i?Bb BKTQ`iMi [m2biBQMX

*QM+HmbBQMb

AM +QM+HmbBQM- r2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv BM T`2/B+iBM; bvKTiQK +?M;2X Ai ?b T`2pBQmbHv #22M `2+QKK2M/2/ i?i i`2iK2Mi rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMib b?QmH/ #2 rBi??2H/ 7Q` KBH/ /2T`2bbBQM (9k8- 9k3)X Pm` `2bmHib b?Qr i?i i?Bb +MMQi #2 bBKTHv 2ti`TQHi2/ iQ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- M/ Bi rQmH/ i?2`27Q`2 #2 T`2Kim`2 iQ `2+QKK2M/ i?i MiB/2T`2bbMib #2 rBi??2H/ 7Q` KBH/ MtB2ivX q?i /2}M2b  +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi 2z2+i bBx2 `2KBMb  Kii2` Q7 /2#i2- #mi B7 i?2 2z2+i Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib QM MtB2iv Bb +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi- i?2b2 `2bmHib bm;;2bi i?i MiB/2T`2bbMib Kv #2 T`2b+`B#2/ iQ MtBQmb TiB2Mib `2;`/H2bb Q7 bvKTiQK b2p2`BivX

R9y

TT2M/Bt

h#H2 NX9, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.

SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .BbQ`/2` .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V :. 1b+BiHQT`K J.@y8 (Rjy) Rk3 kkXR dXd UeX3V Rk9 kkX3 NXe UeXdV

J.@ye (Rjy) Rj3 kkXe dXe U8XNV R9j kkXe NXk UeXyV J.@yd (RjR) R8j kjXk dX9 UdX9V R89 kjXe RRXj UdX9V S`Qt2iBM2 e9R (Rjk) R3y kjXN NXe UNX9V R33 kjX3 RkX8 U3XkV RNd kjXj RkXk U3X9V e9k (Rjj) Rej kjXe NX8 U3XNV ReR kjXN RRX3 U3XNV ejd ULfV R3j k8XN RRXj URyX3V R3R keXy RkX9 URyX3V .mHQt2iBM2 >J"_ (Rj9) Rdj k8X3 3X9 U3X3V Re8 k8XR RkX3 U3XdV

ReN k8XR RkX8 U3XdV >J.h (Rj8) R83 kjX8 8XN U3X3V ReR kkX8 3XR U3XNV >J.l (Rje) R83 k8Xy NXk U3X9V R9N k8X3 RRX3 U3X9V o2MH7tBM2 kRy (Rjd) Ne k9XR NX8 U3XjV 3e k9Xd RRXR U3X3V

s_ 3R k9X8 RRXd UdX3V

3e kjXe RkXR UdX8V kR9 (Rj3) N3 kjXd 3 UdXkV 3d kjXd RyXe UdXeV 3d kjXy NX3 U3XyV a. 6HmpQtKBM2 jRyd (R9N) Rk8 3NXj RjXk Uk9XRV RRy NyXy keXe UkjX9V

jRy3 (R8y) R93 NjXN keXk Uj9X9V Rke N8XN j9Xe UjjXkV S`Qt2iBM2 8yk (R8R) R98 3eXR R8Xe UjkX3V Rje 3dXe kNX9 UjkXNV j3k (R8k) Nk 3jX8 R9X8 Uk8XkV Ny d3 jyX8 Uk8XkV 989 (R8j) Nk djXj R8Xy UjRXRV 3N dNX3 jRX9 UkNX8V 33 ddX8 k9X8 UjyXjV NR deXN k8Xk UjyXyV S`Qt2iBM2 dNy (R89) R39 d3Xe RdXe Uk9X9V R38 d3Xj jR Uk9XeV *_

a2`i`HBM2 _@yeyR (R88) RNe NjXk kRX9 UkeXeV ky8 NyX3 jRXj UkeX3V o2MH7tBM2 j3d (R83) Rj3 3eX3 RNXN UkeXRV Rjj NRXR jR Uk8XeV s_ jNj (R8N) Rj8 3dX9 kkXR UjyXNV Rke NyX3 jkX3 UjyXkV P*. 6HmQt2iBM2 >*1S R (Re8) 9d kjXy RXk U9X8V 9d kkXN 8X8 UdXRV

98 kkX9 9Xj U8XjV 9d kjXR 9Xk UeXdV >*1S k (Re8) 9R keXR yXe U9XeV jN k9X9 jX8 U8XNV 9R k8X9 eXN U3XRV 9k keXy NXR UNX9V 1ydN (Ree) 8e kjXj jXd UeXyV 8k kjX3 8XR UeX9V 8k k8X8 9Xd UeXNV 89 kjXy eXR UeXNV 6HmpQtKBM2 88kN ULfV 3y kkX3 RXd U\V dN kjXj 9XN U\V

88j9 (Red) dd kjX3 RXd U9XNV d3 kkXe 9Xy UeXjV

+QMiBMm2/

(16)

9

ai`2M;i?b M/ HBKBiiBQMb

KQM; i?2 bi`2M;i?b Q7 i?2 +m``2Mi bim/v Bb i?2 7+i i?i r2 r2`2 #H2 iQ Q#iBM  /ib2i i?i Bb 7`22 7`QK i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 Tm#HB+iBQM Q` Qmi+QK2 `2TQ`iBM; #BbX M //BiBQMH bi`2M;i? Q7 i?2 bim/v Bb i?2 ?B;? [mHBiv Q7 i?2 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHbX b i?2b2 i`BHb r2`2 +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 Tm`TQb2 Q7 Q#iBMBM; K`F2iBM; TT`QpH- i?2v r2`2 `2[mB`2/ iQ K22i bi`B+i biM/`/b QM BMi2`MH pHB/Biv U#HBM/BM;- `M/QKBxiBQM- 2i+XVX h?Bb HbQ 2Mbm`2/ i?i i`BHb +QM/m+i2/ 7Q` i?2 i`2iK2Mi Q7 i?2 bK2 /BbQ`/2` r2`2- BM ;2M2`H-[mBi2 +QKT`#H2X

 HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 r2`2 7Q`+2/ iQ mb2  /Bz2`2Mi Qmi+QK2 K2bm`2 7Q` S. U`2KBbbBQMV i?M r2 /B/ 7Q` i?2 Qi?2` /BbQ`/2`bc +QMb2[m2MiHv- r2 +MMQi `mH2 Qmi i?2 TQbbB#BHBiv i?i M BMi2`+iBQM KB;?i ?p2 #22M 7QmM/ B7 r2 ?/ mb2/  +QMiBMmQmb Qmi+QK2 Ubm+? b +?M;2V BMbi2/X

M //BiBQMH- BKTQ`iMi HBKBiiBQM Bb i?i r2 /B/ MQi ?p2 ++2bb iQ BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i M/ ?2M+2 mb2/ bmKK`v /i BMbi2/X lb2 Q7 bmKK`v /i M2+2bb`BHv +mb2b  HQbb Q7 BM7Q`KiBQM- /m2 iQ p2`;BM; Qmi BMi2`@BM/BpB/mH p`BiBQM rBi?BM i`BHb- M/  +QM+QKBiMi HQbb Q7 TQr2`X Hi?Qm;? BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i ?p2 ?BbiQ`B+HHv #22M p2`v /B{+mHi iQ Q#iBM- MQp2H BMBiBiBp2b `2 MQr #2;BMMBM; iQ BM+`2b2 i?2B` ++2bbB#BHBiv iQ `2b2`+?2`b U2X;X +HBMB+Hbim/v/i`2[m2biX+QKVX

:Bp2M Qm` +m``2Mi `2bmHib- r?B+? bm;;2bi i?i i?2 BM~m2M+2 Q7 #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv QM M@ iB/2T`2bbMi 2{++v Kv #2 /Bz2`2Mi 7Q` MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b i?M 7Q` /2T`2bbBQM- 7mim`2 `2b2`+? KFBM; mb2 Q7 BM/BpB/mH TiB2Mi /i Bb 2bb2MiBH iQ T`QpB/2  /2}MBiBp2 Mbr2` iQ i?Bb BKTQ`iMi [m2biBQMX

*QM+HmbBQMb

AM +QM+HmbBQM- r2 7QmM/ MQ 2pB/2M+2 7Q` M BMi2`+iBQM #2ir22M i`2iK2Mi ;`QmT M/ #b2HBM2 b2p2`Biv BM T`2/B+iBM; bvKTiQK +?M;2X Ai ?b T`2pBQmbHv #22M `2+QKK2M/2/ i?i i`2iK2Mi rBi? MiB/2T`2bbMib b?QmH/ #2 rBi??2H/ 7Q` KBH/ /2T`2bbBQM (9k8- 9k3)X Pm` `2bmHib b?Qr i?i i?Bb +MMQi #2 bBKTHv 2ti`TQHi2/ iQ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`b- M/ Bi rQmH/ i?2`27Q`2 #2 T`2Kim`2 iQ `2+QKK2M/ i?i MiB/2T`2bbMib #2 rBi??2H/ 7Q` KBH/ MtB2ivX q?i /2}M2b  +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi 2z2+i bBx2 `2KBMb  Kii2` Q7 /2#i2- #mi B7 i?2 2z2+i Q7 MiB/2T`2bbMib QM MtB2iv Bb +QMbB/2`2/ +HBMB+HHv `2H2pMi- i?2b2 `2bmHib bm;;2bi i?i MiB/2T`2bbMib Kv #2 T`2b+`B#2/ iQ MtBQmb TiB2Mib `2;`/H2bb Q7 bvKTiQK b2p2`BivX

R9y

TT2M/Bt

h#H2 NX9, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.

SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .BbQ`/2` .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V :. 1b+BiHQT`K J.@y8 (Rjy) Rk3 kkXR dXd UeX3V Rk9 kkX3 NXe UeXdV

J.@ye (Rjy) Rj3 kkXe dXe U8XNV R9j kkXe NXk UeXyV J.@yd (RjR) R8j kjXk dX9 UdX9V R89 kjXe RRXj UdX9V S`Qt2iBM2 e9R (Rjk) R3y kjXN NXe UNX9V R33 kjX3 RkX8 U3XkV RNd kjXj RkXk U3X9V e9k (Rjj) Rej kjXe NX8 U3XNV ReR kjXN RRX3 U3XNV ejd ULfV R3j k8XN RRXj URyX3V R3R keXy RkX9 URyX3V .mHQt2iBM2 >J"_ (Rj9) Rdj k8X3 3X9 U3X3V Re8 k8XR RkX3 U3XdV

ReN k8XR RkX8 U3XdV >J.h (Rj8) R83 kjX8 8XN U3X3V ReR kkX8 3XR U3XNV >J.l (Rje) R83 k8Xy NXk U3X9V R9N k8X3 RRX3 U3X9V o2MH7tBM2 kRy (Rjd) Ne k9XR NX8 U3XjV 3e k9Xd RRXR U3X3V

s_ 3R k9X8 RRXd UdX3V

3e kjXe RkXR UdX8V kR9 (Rj3) N3 kjXd 3 UdXkV 3d kjXd RyXe UdXeV 3d kjXy NX3 U3XyV a. 6HmpQtKBM2 jRyd (R9N) Rk8 3NXj RjXk Uk9XRV RRy NyXy keXe UkjX9V

jRy3 (R8y) R93 NjXN keXk Uj9X9V Rke N8XN j9Xe UjjXkV S`Qt2iBM2 8yk (R8R) R98 3eXR R8Xe UjkX3V Rje 3dXe kNX9 UjkXNV j3k (R8k) Nk 3jX8 R9X8 Uk8XkV Ny d3 jyX8 Uk8XkV 989 (R8j) Nk djXj R8Xy UjRXRV 3N dNX3 jRX9 UkNX8V 33 ddX8 k9X8 UjyXjV NR deXN k8Xk UjyXyV S`Qt2iBM2 dNy (R89) R39 d3Xe RdXe Uk9X9V R38 d3Xj jR Uk9XeV *_

a2`i`HBM2 _@yeyR (R88) RNe NjXk kRX9 UkeXeV ky8 NyX3 jRXj UkeX3V o2MH7tBM2 j3d (R83) Rj3 3eX3 RNXN UkeXRV Rjj NRXR jR Uk8XeV s_ jNj (R8N) Rj8 3dX9 kkXR UjyXNV Rke NyX3 jkX3 UjyXkV P*. 6HmQt2iBM2 >*1S R (Re8) 9d kjXy RXk U9X8V 9d kkXN 8X8 UdXRV

98 kkX9 9Xj U8XjV 9d kjXR 9Xk UeXdV >*1S k (Re8) 9R keXR yXe U9XeV jN k9X9 jX8 U8XNV 9R k8X9 eXN U3XRV 9k keXy NXR UNX9V 1ydN (Ree) 8e kjXj jXd UeXyV 8k kjX3 8XR UeX9V 8k k8X8 9Xd UeXNV 89 kjXy eXR UeXNV 6HmpQtKBM2 88kN ULfV 3y kkX3 RXd U\V dN kjXj 9XN U\V

88j9 (Red) dd kjX3 RXd U9XNV d3 kkXe 9Xy UeXjV

+QMiBMm2/

(17)

h#H2 NX9, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.

SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .BbQ`/2` .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V 6HmpQtKBM2 jRyj (Re3) RRN keXj 8XN UdXeV RRj keXe 3Xd UdX8V *_

S`Qt2iBM2 RRe (ReN) 33 k8Xe jX9 UeX3V 3j k8X9 eXj UeXdV 3j k8Xj dXj UeXdV RR3 ULfV d8 k9Xd 9Xe UdX8V dN kjXj 8Xe UdX8V Rje (Rdy) NN keXj jXN U\V RN3 k8Xd eXN U\V a2`i`HBM2 kjdfk93 (RdR) 99 kkXe RX8 U\V 9j kjX9 jX3 U\V jdRfjdk (Rdk) 39 kjX9 jX9 U\V dN kjXk eXy U\V 3R k9Xe 9X8 U\V 3y kjX8 eXk U\V 89e (Rdj) dN k8 jXe U\V 38 k8Xk eX8 U\V 9N8 ULfV 3d k8Xd 8Xy U\V 3j k8Xe 8X9 U\V Sha. a2`i`HBM2 e9R (Rey) 3k djX3 R8X9 Uk3XRV 39 dkXR RjXR UkdX8V

e3k ULfV N9 dkXy kdXN U\V N9 dkXy kdX9 U\V e9y (ReR) Ry9 djX8 keXk UkjX3V N3 djXN jj UkjXNV edR (Rek) Ny d8XR kjXk UkdXRV Nj deXe jj UkdXkV S`Qt2iBM2 e8R (Rej) Red d9X9 k8Xj Uk8X3V Ree d8Xj jNXe Uk8X3V

R8e d9Xj jdXN Uk3XdV e93 (Re9) Rjj djXk k9Xd UkjXRV Rje d9Xj j8X8 UkjXjV ekd ULfV R8N d3X9 keXk Uk9XyV R89 ddX9 jyX3 UkeXRV

*_, +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2c :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c s_, 2t@ i2M/2/ `2H2b2X R9k h#H2 NX8, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` TMB+ /BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 _2KBbbBQM `i2 L "b2HBM2 _2KBbbBQM `i2 6HmQt2iBM2 >*C* (9kN) Ny dXe k3 Ny dXN 9k

>*C" ULfV Ry9 eXk 99 Ryd eXN ek

S`Qt2iBM2 Rky (RjN) eN RRXe 9jXN dk NXe d8X3

R3d (R9R) Rkj RkXj jj Rkj RRXN 8R

kkj ULfV e3 dXN ej dd 3X3 8N

S`Qt2iBM2 *_ 9N9 (R9k) RkN RRXR 8yX9 Rkk NXN e3XN

9N8 (R9k) Rje 3XN 8RX8 Rkj RRX8 8eXN

9Nd (R9k) Rjy 3Xd 8eXk Rjk NXy ekXR

a2`i`HBM2 ekN (R9j) 3d RyX9 9e dN RkX3 ek

ejy (R99) 33 RRXk \ 33 RkXR \ 8kN (RkN) @ @ @ 9k kyXj \ 9R kRXj \ 99 RRX8 \ 8R9 ULfV j3 RNXk \ j3 R9XR \ je R8X9 \

o2MH7tBM2 s_ jN3 (R98) R8e NXR j9X9 R83 RRXy 89XR R8N RRX9 eRX9

jNN (R9e) R8d RRXR 9eX8 R8e R8Xd e9XR

Rey RkXR dyXy

j8j (R9d) R88 RkXR 9yXe R88 RjXj 8RXy

jNR (R93) Re3 RRXR 8kX9 Rey RkX9 88Xy

*_, +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2c s_, 2ti2M/2/ `2H2b2X

(18)

9

h#H2 NX9, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` :.- a.- P*. M/ Sha.

SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .BbQ`/2` .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V L "b2HBM2 *?M;2Ua.V 6HmpQtKBM2 jRyj (Re3) RRN keXj 8XN UdXeV RRj keXe 3Xd UdX8V *_

S`Qt2iBM2 RRe (ReN) 33 k8Xe jX9 UeX3V 3j k8X9 eXj UeXdV 3j k8Xj dXj UeXdV RR3 ULfV d8 k9Xd 9Xe UdX8V dN kjXj 8Xe UdX8V Rje (Rdy) NN keXj jXN U\V RN3 k8Xd eXN U\V a2`i`HBM2 kjdfk93 (RdR) 99 kkXe RX8 U\V 9j kjX9 jX3 U\V jdRfjdk (Rdk) 39 kjX9 jX9 U\V dN kjXk eXy U\V 3R k9Xe 9X8 U\V 3y kjX8 eXk U\V 89e (Rdj) dN k8 jXe U\V 38 k8Xk eX8 U\V 9N8 ULfV 3d k8Xd 8Xy U\V 3j k8Xe 8X9 U\V Sha. a2`i`HBM2 e9R (Rey) 3k djX3 R8X9 Uk3XRV 39 dkXR RjXR UkdX8V

e3k ULfV N9 dkXy kdXN U\V N9 dkXy kdX9 U\V e9y (ReR) Ry9 djX8 keXk UkjX3V N3 djXN jj UkjXNV edR (Rek) Ny d8XR kjXk UkdXRV Nj deXe jj UkdXkV S`Qt2iBM2 e8R (Rej) Red d9X9 k8Xj Uk8X3V Ree d8Xj jNXe Uk8X3V

R8e d9Xj jdXN Uk3XdV e93 (Re9) Rjj djXk k9Xd UkjXRV Rje d9Xj j8X8 UkjXjV ekd ULfV R8N d3X9 keXk Uk9XyV R89 ddX9 jyX3 UkeXRV

*_, +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2c :., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`c s_, 2t@ i2M/2/ `2H2b2X R9k h#H2 NX8, *?`+i2`BbiB+b Q7 BM+Hm/2/ i`BHb 7Q` TMB+ /BbQ`/2` SH+2#Q ;`QmT MiB/2T`2bbMi ;`QmT .`m; h`BH L "b2HBM2 _2KBbbBQM `i2 L "b2HBM2 _2KBbbBQM `i2 6HmQt2iBM2 >*C* (9kN) Ny dXe k3 Ny dXN 9k

>*C" ULfV Ry9 eXk 99 Ryd eXN ek

S`Qt2iBM2 Rky (RjN) eN RRXe 9jXN dk NXe d8X3

R3d (R9R) Rkj RkXj jj Rkj RRXN 8R

kkj ULfV e3 dXN ej dd 3X3 8N

S`Qt2iBM2 *_ 9N9 (R9k) RkN RRXR 8yX9 Rkk NXN e3XN

9N8 (R9k) Rje 3XN 8RX8 Rkj RRX8 8eXN

9Nd (R9k) Rjy 3Xd 8eXk Rjk NXy ekXR

a2`i`HBM2 ekN (R9j) 3d RyX9 9e dN RkX3 ek

ejy (R99) 33 RRXk \ 33 RkXR \ 8kN (RkN) @ @ @ 9k kyXj \ 9R kRXj \ 99 RRX8 \ 8R9 ULfV j3 RNXk \ j3 R9XR \ je R8X9 \

o2MH7tBM2 s_ jN3 (R98) R8e NXR j9X9 R83 RRXy 89XR R8N RRX9 eRX9

jNN (R9e) R8d RRXR 9eX8 R8e R8Xd e9XR

Rey RkXR dyXy

j8j (R9d) R88 RkXR 9yXe R88 RjXj 8RXy

jNR (R93) Re3 RRXR 8kX9 Rey RkX9 88Xy

*_, +QMi`QHH2/ `2H2b2c s_, 2ti2M/2/ `2H2b2X

(19)

h#H2 NXe, a2+QM/`v K2i@`2;`2bbBQM MHvbBb rBi? 2tTM/2/ b2i Q7 i`BHb

JQ/2H R UrBi? BMi2`+iBQMV JQ/2H k UrBi?Qmi BMi2`+iBQMV

.BbQ`/2` S`2/B+iQ` β UN8W *AV T βUN8W *AV T

:. :`QmT yXj8 UyXRd- yX8kV IyXyyR yXj9 UyXRd- yX8RV IyXyyR "b2HBM2 yXRR U@yXyj- yXk8V yXRj yXRj UyXy9- yXkjV yXyyd : t " yXy8 U@yXRj- yXkjV yX8d

a. :`QmT yX9d UyXj8- yX8NV IyXyyR yX98 UyXjj- yX83V IyXyyR "b2HBM2 yXR8 UyXy9- yXk8V yXyRR yXRy UyXyk- yXR3V yXyRk : t " @yXy3 U@yXkj- yXydV yXkN

P*. :`QmT yXj8 UyXkj- yX9dV IyXyyR yXje UyXkj- yX93V IyXyyR "b2HBM2 yXR9 UyXyj- yXk8V yXyRj yXR3 UyXRy- yXkdV IyXyyR : t " yXyN U@yXy3- yXk8V yXk3

Sha. :`QmT yXkR U@yXyj- yX98V yXy3 yXkR U@yXyj- yX99V yXy3 "b2HBM2 yXRd U@yXye- yX9yV yXR9 yXky UyXy8- yXj8V yXyRj : t " yXye U@yXke- yXjdV yXdR

S. :`QmT yXRj UyXye- yXkyV yXyyR yXRj UyXye- yXkyV yXyyR "b2HBM2 yXyy U@yXyd- yXydV yXNd @yXyj U@yXyd- yXykV yXky : t " @yXy8 U@yXRj- yXy9V yXjy

:., ;2M2`HBx2/ MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c P*., Q#b2bbBp2@+QKTmHbBp2 /BbQ`/2`c a., bQ+BH MtB2iv /BbQ`/2`c S., TMB+ /BbQ`/2`c Sha., TQbi@i`mKiB+ bi`2bb /BbQ`/2`X : t " 4 :`QmT t "b2HBM2 BMi2`+iBQMX

Referenties

GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright