Angiogenesis, proteases and angiogenic factors during the inception of pregnancy. Crucial contributors or trivial bystanders?
Hele tekst
(2) $IBQUFS *OWPMWFNFOUPGNFNCSBOFUZQFNBUSJYNFUBMMPQSPUFJOBTFT JODBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZIVNBOFOEPNFUSJBM NJDSPWBTDVMBSFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT3PMFPG.5..1. .1MBJTJFS. +.(SJNCFSHFO. ,,BQJUFJKO. ".VMEFS4UBQFM. 1,PPMXJKL. 1)"2VBY. $'JKUFO. '.)FMNFSIPSTU. 3)BOFNBBJKFS. 78.WBO)JOTCFSHI. +PVSOBMPG$MJOJDBM&OEPDSJOPMPHZ.FUBCPMJTN.
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¹CSJOPS¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJYI&.7&$FYQSFTTFEWBSJPVT..1T N3/"T BOE QSPUFJOT JO QBSUJDVMBS ..1 ..1 .5 .5 BOE .5..1 .5BOE.5..1N3/"FYQSFTTJPOTXFSFTJHOJ¹DBOUMZIJHIFSJOI&.7&$UIBOJO I'.7&$0UIFS.5..1N3/"TBOE..1XFSFIBSEMZEFUFDUBCMF*NNVOPIJT UPDIFNJTUSZDPO¹SNFEUIFQSFTFODFPG.5..1JOFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTPGFOEPNFUSJBM UJTTVF0WFSFYQSFTTJPOPG5*.1PS5*.1CZBEFOPWJSBMUSBOTEVDUJPOPGI&.7&$ SFEVDFE UVCF GPSNBUJPO UP UIF TBNF FYUFOU XIJMF POMZ 5*.1 XBT BCMF UP JOIJCJU UVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI'.7&$5VCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$XBTQBSUMZJOIJCJUFECZUIF QSFTFODFPGBOUJ.5..1*H( $PODMVTJPO5IVT JODPOUSBTUUPUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI'.7&$ XIJDIMBSHFMZEFQFOET PO.5..1 DBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$JT BUMFBTUJOQBSU SFHVMBUFE CZ.5..1.
(4) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. */530%6$5*0/ *O UIF BEVMU BOHJPHFOFTJT QMBZT B SPMF JO NBOZ QBUIPMPHJDBM DPOEJUJPOT TVDI BT UIF HSPXUIPGTPMJEUVNPVST EJBCFUJDSFUJOPQBUIZ SIFVNBUPJEBSUISJUJT BOEXPVOEIFBMJOH <$BSNFMJFU'PMLNBO>1IZTJPMPHJDBMBOHJPHFOFTJTEVSJOHBEVMUIPPEJTMJNJUFE UPUIFGFNBMFSFQSPEVDUJWFUJTTVF OBNFMZJOUIFPWBSZBOEFOEPNFUSJVN&OEPNFUSJBM BOHJPHFOFTJT QMBZT B SPMF JO FOEPNFUSJBM SFNPEFMMJOH EVSJOH UIF NFOTUSVBM DZDMF BOE BGUFSDPODFQUJPOEVSJOHUIFJNQMBOUBUJPOPGUIFFNCSZP<#BDIBSBDIFUBM 3PHFST (BSHFUU4NJUI> "OHJPHFOFTJT JT JOJUJBUFE CZ B TIJGU JO UIF CBMBODF CFUXFFO QSPBOHJPHFOJD BOE BOUJ BOHJPHFOJD GBDUPST <#FSHFST #FOKBNJO )BOBIBO 'PMLNBO > *U JOWPMWFT UIF TQSPVUJOH PG OFX DBQJMMBSZMJLF TUSVDUVSFT GSPN FYJTUJOH WBTDVMBUVSF BOE NBZ JOWPMWF CMPPECPSODFMMTUIBUJOUVTTVTDFQUTJOBOEBSPVOEUIFOFXWBTDVMBSTUSVDUVSFT<$BSNFMJFU >5IFTFOFXMZGPSNFEUVCFTBSFTVCTFRVFOUMZTUBCJMJTFE PGUFOCZJOUFSBDUJPOXJUI QFSJDZUFT8IJMFUIFHFOFSBMNFDIBOJTNTPGBOHJPHFOFTJTBSFQSPCBCMZSBUIFSTJNJMBSJO WBSJPVTUJTTVFT UIFJOEJWJEVBMQMBZFST TVDIBTHSPXUIGBDUPST JOUFHSJOTBOEQSPUFBTFT NBZ WBSZ JO EJGGFSFOU UJTTVFT &OEPUIFMJBM DFMMT GSPN EJGGFSFOU UJTTVFT BOE WFTTFM UZQFT IBWFTQFDJ¹DQSPQFSUJFT<$IJFUBM > NBOZPGXIJDIBSFDPOTFSWFEJOWJUSP<$IJFUBM %F¹MJQQJFUBM ,PPMXJKLFUBM >8FQSFWJPVTMZPCTFSWFEUIBUEJGGFSFOU UZQFT PG IVNBO NJDSPWBTDVMBS FOEPUIFMJBM DFMMT I.7&$ IBWF EJGGFSFOU SFRVJSFNFOUT GPSQSPMJGFSBUJPOBOEDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOJOWJUSP8IJMFFOEPNFUSJBM.7&$ I&. 7&$ BSFIJHIMZTFOTJUJWFUP7&('" 7&(' BOEGPSNDBQJMMBSZUVCVMFTBGUFSFYQPTVSFUP 7&('" GPSFTLJO.7&$ I'.7&$ BSFNPSFTFOTJUJWFUPC'('BOEPOMZGPSNDBQJMMBSZ UVCFTJOB¹CSJONBUSJYBGUFSTJNVMUBOFPVTFYQPTVSFUPC'('PS7&('"BOEUIFJOºBN NBUPSZDZUPLJOF5/'α<,PPMXJKLFUBM ,PPMXJKLFUBM ,SPPOFUBM > "NPOHUIFWBSJPVTQSPDFTTFTUIBUSFHVMBUFBOHJPHFOFTJT UIFHFOFSBUJPOPGQSPUFPMZUJD BDUJWJUZ JT UIPVHIU UP CF QJWPUBM JO UIF SFHVMBUJPO PG DFMM NJHSBUJPO BOE DBQJMMBSZ UVCF GPSNBUJPO <1FQQFS B> ,FZ SFHVMBUPST PG QFSJDFMMVMBS QSPUFPMZTJT BOE DBQJMMBSZMJLF UVCVMFGPSNBUJPOCZFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTBSFDFMMCPVOEVSPLJOBTFUZQFQMBTNJOPHFOBDUJWB UPS V1" BOEQMBTNJOBTXFMMBTNBUSJYNFUBMMPQSPUFJOBTFT ..1T <#BDIBSBDIFUBM $PMMFOFUBM (BMWF[FUBM )PUBSZFUBM ,PPMXJKKLFUBM ,SPPOFUBM -BºFVSFUBM 1FQQFSB1FQQFSFUBM 1FQQFS 8FSC > *OJUJBM EBUB PO UIF GPSNBUJPO PG UVCVMBS TUSVDUVSFT CZ I&.7&$ JOEJDBUFE UIBUDFMMCPVOEV1"BOEQMBTNJODPOUSJCVUFUPUIJTQSPDFTT<,PPMXJKLFUBM >*O BEEJUJPO UP UIF V1"QMBTNJO DBTDBEF UIF SBQJEMZ FYQBOEJOH GBNJMZ PG ..1T <7JTTF /BHBTF>QMBZTBOJNQPSUBOUSPMFJODFMMNJHSBUJPOBOEJOWBTJPO BOEJOBOHJPHFO FTJTJOWJWP<)FZNBOTFUBM 1FQQFSFUBM 4UFUMFS4UFWFOTPO>..1T. .
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ºFVSFUBM >.5..1DPOUSJCVUFTUPBOHJPHFOFTJTCZJUT DBQBDJUZUPEFHSBEF&$.DPNQPOFOUT UIFSFCZQSPNPUJOHDFMMNJHSBUJPO JOWBTJPOBOE QPTTJCMZUIFCJPBWBJMBCJMJUZPGHSPXUIGBDUPST'VSUIFSNPSF JUBDUJWBUFTQSP..1 WJB UIF5*.1.5..1DPNQMFY QSP..1 BOEαWβJOUFHSJO BOJNQPSUBOUJOUFHSJO JOBOHJPHFOFTJT<%FSZVHJOBFUBM (BMWF[FUBM 4PVOOJFUBM ;IPVFU BM >.5..1BTXFMMBT..1BSFBCMFUPTUJNVMBUFBOHJPHFOFTJT<5BSBCPMFUUJ FUBM 7BHOPOJFUBM >*OI'.7&$ .5..1CFDPNFTBLFZGBDUPSJODBQJM MBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOXIFODPMMBHFOJTQSFTFOUJOUIF¹CSJOPVTNBUSJY<$PMMFOFUBM )PUBSZFUBM >.5..1 ..1 BOE.5..1 ..1 BSFBMTPJOWPMWFE JODFMMNJHSBUJPOBOEJOWBTJPO EFQFOEJOHPOUIFDFMMUZQF<)PUBSZFUBM 4IPGVEB FUBM >5IFJSPWFSFYQSFTTJPOJOFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTDBOJOEVDFDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNB UJPO TJNJMBSUP.5..1<)PUBSZFUBM >.5..1BOE.5..1BSFQSFTFOU JOFOEPNFUSJBMUJTTVFEVSJOHWBSJPVTTUBHFTPGUIFNFOTUSVBMDZDMF.5..1N3/"JT JODSFBTFEEVSJOHUIFQSPMJGFSBUJWFQIBTFPGUIFFOEPNFUSJVN<$IVOHFUBM (PG¹O FUBM .BBUUBFUBM ;IBOHFUBM >*UJTHFOFSBMMZCFMJFWFEUIBUUIFTF ..1TBMTPQMBZBSPMFJOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJT<4BMBNPOTFO> CVUFYDFQUGPS UIF FYQSFTTJPO BOE JNNVOPMPDBMJTBUJPO PG TQFDJ¹D ..1T JO FOEPNFUSJBM UJTTVF MJUUMF JOGPSNBUJPOJTBWBJMBCMF 5IFBDUJWJUZPG..1TBOE.5..1TJTSFHVMBUFECZBDUJWBUJPOPGUIFQSPFO[ZNFTBOE CZTQFDJ¹DJOIJCJUPST UIFUJTTVFJOIJCJUPSTPG..1T 5*.1T BOEαNBDSPHMPCVMJOT5IF 5*.1GBNJMZDPOTJTUTPGGPVSNFNCFST XIJDIEJGGFSJOFYQSFTTJPOQBUUFSOT SFHVMBUJPO BOEBCJMJUZUPJOUFSBDUTQFDJ¹DBMMZXJUIMBUFOU..1TBOENFNCFSTPGUIFSFMBUFENFUBM MPQSPUFJOBTFTPGUIF"%".TBOE5"$&HSPVQ<8PFTTOFS>5*.1JTTFDSFUFEBTB TPMVCMFQSPUFJOBOEIBTBHFOFSBMJOIJCJUJOHBDUJWJUZPONBOZ..1T CVUEPFTOPUJOIJCJU.
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¹CSJOPHFO XBT PCUBJOFE GSPN $ISPNPHFOJDT "# .zMOEBM 4XFEFO %S).FU[OFSBOE%S(4FFNBO "WFOUJT#FISJOH(NC) .BS CVSH (FSNBOZ HFOFSPVTMZQSPWJEFEGBDUPS9***'JCSPOFDUJOXBTBHJGUGSPN%S+WBO .PVSJL $-# "NTUFSEBN UIF/FUIFSMBOET 3BUUBJMDPMMBHFOUZQF*XBTPCUBJOFEGSPN #%#JPTDJFODFT)VNBOSFDPNCJOBOUWBTDVMBSFOEPUIFMJBMHSPXUIGBDUPS" 7&('" XBT PCUBJOFEGSPN3&-*"5FDI #SBVOTDIXFJH (FSNBOZ BOEUVNPVSOFDSPTJTGBDUPSBMQIB 5/'α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
(7) EPNBJO XBT QVSDIBTFE GSPN $IFNJDPO 5FNFDVMB $" 64" BOE SFDPNCJOBOU QSP ..1GSPN*OWJUFL #FSMJO (FSNBOZ 1#45DPODFOUSBUFXBTPCUBJOFEGSPN0SHBOPO 5FLOJLB #PYUFM )PMMBOE ("1%)DPOUSPMSFBHFOUT 7*$MBCFMFE XFSFQVSDIBTFEGSPN "QQMJFE #JPTZTUFNT /JFVXFSLFSL BE *+TTFM UIF /FUIFSMBOET 'PS XFTUFSO CMPUUJOH QSPUFBTF JOIJCJUPST GSPN 3PDIF %JBHOPTUJDT "MNFSF UIF /FUIFSMBOET *NNPCJMPO1 QPMZWJOZMJEFOF ºVPSJEF USBOTGFS NFNCSBOFT GSPN .JMJQPSF #FEGPSE 64" TLJN NJML QPXEFSGSPN.FSDL "NTUFSEBN UIF/FUIFSMBOET HPBUBOUJβ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μHN-&$(' 6N-IFQBSJO *6N-QFOJDJMMJOBOENH N-TUSFQUPNZDJO5IFDFMMTXFSFDVMUVSFEPO¹CSPOFDUJODPBUFEEJTIFTVOEFSIVNJEJ¹FE $0BJSBUNPTQIFSF7&('" OHN- XBTBEEFEUPUIFDVMUVSFNFEJVNPG UIFQSJNBSZJTPMBUFTUPGBDJMJUBUFUIFJOJUJBMHSPXUIPGUIFFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT)VNBOGPSF TLJONJDSPWBTDVMBSFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT I'.7&$ XFSFJTPMBUFE DIBSBDUFSJTFEBOEDVMUVSFE BTQSFWJPVTMZEFTDSJCFE<%F¹MJQQJFUBM 7BO)JOTCFSHIFUBM >. *OWJUSPDBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOBTTBZ )VNBO¹CSJONBUSJDFTXFSFQSFQBSFEBTEFTDSJCFECFGPSF<,PPMXJKLFUBM >'PSUIF DPMMBHFOHFMT WPMVNFTPGSBUUBJMDPMMBHFOUZQF* NHN- XFSFNJYFEXJUIWPMVNF PGY.XJUIQIFOPMSFEBOEWPMVNFTPG XW /B$0 ¹OBMQ) μM "MJRVPUTXFSFBEEFEUPFBDIXFMMPGBXFMMTQMBUFBOEBMMPXFEUPHFMBUFBU$JOUIF BCTFODFPG$0 $POºVFOUI&.7&$XFSFEFUBDIFEBOETFFEFEBUBTQMJUSBUJPPGPOUPQPGUIF¹CSJO BOEPSDPMMBHFONBUSJDFTBOEDVMUVSFEGPSII&.7&$DVMUVSFNFEJVNXJUIPVU&$(' BOE IFQBSJO 4VCTFRVFOUMZ UIF FOEPUIFMJBM DFMMT XFSF DVMUVSFE XJUI UIF NFEJBUPST JO EJDBUFE GPS EBZT *OWBEJOH DFMMT BOE UIF GPSNBUJPO PG DBQJMMBSZMJLF TUSVDUVSFT PG FOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTJOUIFUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM¹CSJOBOEPSDPMMBHFONBUSJYXFSFBOBMZTFECZ QIBTFDPOUSBTUNJDSPTDPQZ5IFUPUBMMFOHUIPGUIFTUSVDUVSFTGPSNFEXBTNFBTVSFEJO SBOEPNMZDIPTFONJDSPTDPQJD¹FMET NN¹FME CZDPNQVUFSFRVJQQFE0QUJNBTJN BHFBOBMZTJTTPGUXBSF #JPTDBO %FNPOT 8" DPOOFDUFEUPBNPOPDISPNF$$%DBNFSB .9 BOEFYQSFTTFEBTNNDN.
(8) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. (FMBUJO[ZNPHSBQIZ (FMBUJOPMZUJD BDUJWJUJFT PG ..1T TFDSFUFE CZ I&.7&$ XFSF BOBMZTFE CZ [ZNPHSBQIZ POHFMBUJODPOUBJOJOHQPMZBDSZMBNJEFHFMTBTEFTDSJCFE<#JSLFEBM)BOTFO 5BZMPS> 6TJOH UIJT UFDIOJRVF CPUI BDUJWF BOE MBUFOU TQFDJFT DBO CF WJTVBMJTFE 4BNQMFT XFSF BQQMJFE UP B XW BDSZMBNJEF HFM DPQPMZNFSJTFE XJUI XW HFMBUJO "GUFS FMFDUSPQIPSFTJTUIFHFMTXFSFXBTIFEUISFFUJNFTGPSNJOJONNPM-5SJT)$M Q) DPOUBJOJOHNNPM-$B$M μNPM-;O$MBOE XW 5SJUPO9UPSFNPWF UIF4%4 GPMMPXFECZUISFFXBTIFTPGNJOJONNPM-5SJT)$M Q) DPOUBJOJOH NNPM-$B$M μNPM-;O$MBOEJODVCBUFEPWFSOJHIUBU$5IFHFMTXFSFTUBJOFE XJUI$PPNBTTJF#SJMMJBOU#MVF3. *NNVOPIJTUPDIFNJTUSZ *NNVOPIJTUPDIFNJDBM TUBJOJOH PG .5..1 XBT QFSGPSNFE JO QBSBG¹OFNCFEEFE TFDUJPOT PG IVNBO FOEPNFUSJVN VTJOH B NPOPDMPOBM NPVTF BOUJ.5..1 BOE B IPSTFSBEJTIQFSPYJEBTFDPOKVHBUFEIPSTFBOUJNPVTFBOUJCPEZ4QFDJ¹DJUZPGUIFJNNV OPIJTUPDIFNJDBMSFBDUJPOXBTWFSJ¹FECZPNJTTJPOPGUIF¹STUBOUJCPEZBTXFMMTBTVTJOH OPSNBMNPVTFTFSVNJOTUFBEPGUIF¹STUBOUJCPEZ. 8FTUFSOCMPUUJOH 5PUBMDFMMVMBSFYUSBDUTXFSFQSFQBSFEJOUIFQSFTFODFPGQSPUFBTFJOIJCJUPSTBOEBQQMJFE UP4%41"(&FMFDUSPQIPSFTJTFTTFOUJBMMZBTEFTDSJCFE<,MFFNBOOFUBM >"GUFSQSP UFJOT XFSF CMPUUFE POUP *NNPCJMPO1 QPMZWJOZMJEFOF ºVPSJEF USBOTGFS NFNCSBOFT UIF CMPUT XFSF CMPDLFE XJUI XW TLJN NJML QPXEFS EJMVUFE JO N. 5SJT Q) N./B$M BOE WW 5XFFO5IFO CMPUTXFSFJODVCBUFEXJUIBNPVTFBOUJ .5..1BOUJCPEZPSBHPBUBOUJβBDUJOBOUJCPEZGPMMPXFECZIPSTFSBEJTIQFSPYJEBTF DPOKVHBUFETFDPOEBSZBOUJCPEJFT"MMBOUJCPEJFTXFSFEJMVUFEJON.5SJT Q) N./B$M WW 5XFFO BOE XX CPWJOFTFSVN5IF4VQFS4JHOBM8FTU %VSB&YUFOEFE%VSBUJPO4VCTUSBUFBOEUIFMVNJOFTDFOUJNBHFXPSLTUBUJPOXFSFVTFE GPSWJTVBMJ[BUJPO. 3/"*TPMBUJPOBOESFBMUJNF351$3 5PUBM 3/" GSPN I&.7&$ BOE I'.7&$ XBT JTPMBUFE BT EFTDSJCFE QSFWJPVTMZ <$IPND [ZOTLJ 4BDDIJ>3FWFSTFUSBOTDSJQUJPO 35 XBTDBSSJFEPVUJOμMWPMVNFTVTJOH SBOEPN QSJNFST BOE B D%/" TZOUIFTJT LJU QVSDIBTFE GSPN 1SPNFHB ..1 BOE .5 ..1FYQSFTTJPOXBTRVBOUJ¹FEVTJOHSFBMUJNF1$3BDDPSEJOHUPUIF5BRNBONFUIPE PG "QQMJFE #JPTZTUFNT 1FSLJO &MNFS VTJOH B GPSXBSE BOE SFWFSTF QSJNFS DPNCJOFE XJUIBTQFDJ¹D DBSCPYZºVPSFTDFJODBSCPYZUFUSBNFUIZMSIPEBNJOF<'".5".3"> EPVCMFMBCFMMFE QSPCF 5IF GPMMPXJOH TFRVFODFT XFSF VTFE GPS .5..1 ..1 GPSXBSEQSJNFS ±(($5$(5(5((("""5((5"±SFWFSTFQSJNFS ±"(""$5$55. .
(9) $$$$$5$""(5(±BOEQSPCF ±"$"($5(($5$5"$55$$$$"5(($±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¹DJFOUBEFOPWJSBMWFDUPST &EFMFUFE USBOTDSJQUJPOBMDPOUSPMWJBUIF$.7 QSPNPUPS FODPEJOH IVNBO 5*.1 "E5*.1 IVNBO 5*.1 "E5*.1 BOE B βHBMBDUPTJEBTFFODPEJOH BEFOPWJSBM WFDUPS "E-BD; BT B DPOUSPM XFSF VTFE GPS UIF FYQFSJNFOUT <2VBY FU BM > $POºVFOU I&.7&$ BOE I'.7&$ XFSF XBTIFE UXJDF XJUI.TVQQMFNFOUFEXJUI)4"UPSFNPWFIVNBOTFSVNDPNQPOFOUT TVCTF RVFOUMZUIFI&.7&$XFSFJODVCBUFEXJUIUIFBEFOPWJSBMDPOTUSVDUTJO.DPOUBJOJOH )4"GPSIPVST"GUFSUSBOTEVDUJPOUIFNFEJVNXBTSFQMBDFEXJUII&.7&$DVMUVSF NFEJVNXJUIPVU7&('"IMBUFSUIFDFMMTXFSFTFFEFEPOUPQPGBUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM ¹CSJO¹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¹FE UUFTUBDDPSEJOHUP#POGFSSPOJ4UBUJTUJDBMTJHOJ¹DBODFXBTBDDFQUFEBUQ.
(10) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. 3&46-54 $BQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$JTJOIJCJUFECZDPMMBHFOUZQF* 5ISFFEJNFOTJPOBM NBUSJDFT XFSF QSFQBSFE DPOTJTUJOH PG QVSF ¹CSJO DPMMBHFO PS NJY UVSFTPG¹CSJOBOEDPMMBHFO"TQSFWJPVTMZSFQPSUFE<,PPMXJKLFUBM > I&.7&$GPSN TQPOUBOFPVTMZDBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCVMBSTUSVDUVSFTJOB¹CSJONBUSJY BQSPDFTTUIBUJTNBSL FEMZFOIBODFECZ7&('" 'JHVSF" $ 8IFOI&.7&$XFSFTFFEFEPOUPQPGNBUSJDFT. B. C. D 100 75. . 50 #. 25 0. Control uPA BB94 uPA +BB94. mean tube length (% of control). mean tube length (% of control). A. E 100 75 50 25 0. Control uPA BB94 uPA +BB94. 'JHVSF$BQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$JOB¹CSJOPSDPMMBHFONBUSJYEFQFOETPOV1"BOE..1 BDUJWJUJFT I&.7&$XFSFDVMUVSFEPOUPQPGBUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM¹CSJONBUSJY " $ % PS¹CSJODPMMBHFOUZQF NBUSJY # & BOETUJNVMBUFEXJUI7&('" OHN- "BOE#.JDSPHSBQITUBLFOBGUFSEBZTPGDVMUVSJOH JOTFUTJO"BOE#TIPXEFUBJMTPGDBQJMMBSZMJLFTUSVDUVSFT#BSμN #BSJOTFUTμN$$SPTT TFDUJPOQFSQFOEJDVMBSUPUIFNBUSJYTVSGBDFBOETUBJOFEXJUI)FNBUPYZMJO1IMPYJOF4BGSBO CBSμN %BOE&I&.7&$XFSFDVMUVSFEXJUIOHN-7&('" DPOUSPM JOUIFBCTFODFPSQSFTFODFPGQPMZDMPOBM BOUJV1" αV1" μHN- ## μHN- PS B DPNCJOBUJPO PG ## BOE BOUJV1" "GUFS EBZT PGDVMUVSJOH NFBOUVCFMFOHUIXBTNFBTVSFECZJNBHFBOBMZTJT5IFEBUBJOQBOFM%BSFFYQSFTTFEBTB QFSDFOUBHF PG 7&('"JOEVDFE UVCF GPSNBUJPO ± 4&. PG JOEFQFOEFOU FYQFSJNFOUT PG EVQMJDBUF XFMMT QFSGPSNFEXJUIEJGGFSFOUI&.7&$JTPMBUJPOT1BOFM&SFQSFTFOUTFYQFSJNFOUT∗1WTDPOUSPM 1WTαV1" TFFDPMPVS¹HVSFTTVQQMFNFOU. .
(11) DPOUBJOJOH UZQF* DPMMBHFO IPNPHFOFPVTMZ NJYFE XJUI ¹CSJO B DPODFOUSBUJPO EFQFOEFOUEFDSFBTFJOUIFFYUFOUPGUVCFGPSNBUJPOXBTTFFO*OBNJYFEDPMMBHFO¹CSJO NBUSJY UIFEFDSFBTFXBT±VOEFSCBTBMDPOEJUJPOT O OPUTIPXO BOE ±JOUIFQSFTFODFPG7&('" 'JHVSF# BTDPNQBSFEUPUIFUVCFGPSNBUJPOJOB QVSF ¹CSJO NBUSJY 'JHVSF " *O B QVSF DPMMBHFO UZQF* NBUSJY DBQJMMBSZMJLF TUSVDUVSF GPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$XBTIBSEMZEFUFDUBCMF FWFOBGUFSTUJNVMBUJPOXJUI7&('" EBUB OPUTIPXO . $IBQUFS. 61"QMBTNJOBOE..1TBSFJOWPMWFEJOUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$JONBUSJDFT DPNQPTFEPG¹CSJOBOEPSDPMMBHFO. . 5PFTUBCMJTIUIFJOWPMWFNFOUPGV1"QMBTNJOBOE..1TJOUIFGPSNBUJPOPGDBQJMMBSZ MJLF TUSVDUVSFT CZ I&.7&$ V1"CMPDLJOH BOUJCPEJFT UIF QMBTNJO JOIJCJUPS BQSPUJOJO PS UIF CSPBEMZ BDUJOH NFUBMMPQSPUFJOBTF JOIJCJUPS ## XFSF VTFE 'JHVSF $ BOE % 5IF7&('"FOIBODFEUVCFGPSNBUJPOJOB¹CSJONBUSJYXBTSFEVDFECZ±CZV1" CMPDLJOHBOUJCPEJFT 'JHVSF% BOECZ±CZUIFQMBTNJOJOIJCJUPSBQSPUJOJO EBUB OPUTIPXO *OBNBUSJYDPOTJTUJOHPGBOFRVBMNJYUVSFPG¹CSJOBOEDPMMBHFOBOUJV1" BOUJCPEJFTSFEVDFEUVCFGPSNBUJPOPOMZCZ± 'JHVSF& 5IFJOIJCJUJOHFGGFDUPG ##XBTJODSFBTFECZBEEJOHDPMMBHFO TJODFUVCFGPSNBUJPOJOQVSF¹CSJOXBTJOIJC JUFECZ±BOEJODPMMBHFO¹CSJONBUSJDFTCZ±"OBMNPTUDPNQMFUFJOIJCJUJPO ±BOE± SFTQFDUJWFMZ PGDBQJMMBSZMJLFTUSVDUVSFGPSNBUJPOXBTTFFOBGUFSUIF TJNVMUBOFPVTBEEJUJPOPG##BOEBOUJV1"BOUJCPEJFT 'JHVSF%BOE& Table 1. mRNA level of MT-MMPs in hEMVEC and hFMVEC. I&.7&$ 5SBOTNFNCSBOF.5..1T. (1*BODIPSFE.5..1T. I'.7&$. CT. dCT. CT. dCT. .5..1. 27.8 ± 0.4. 9.0 ± 0.4. 27.3± 0.9. 8.4 ± 0.4. .5..1. 33.7 ± 1.2. 14.1 ± 1.2. 35.9 ± 1.6. 16.6 ± 1.3. .5..1. 26.4 ± 0.2. 7.4 ± 0.4*. 27.8 ± 0.8. 9.1 ± 0.4. .5..1. 36.3 ± 1.0. 17.7 ± 0.8. 34.5 ± 1.1. 15.6 ± 1.8. .5..1. 26.9 ± 0.2. 7.3 ± 0.3 *. 30.2 ± 1.2. 10.6 ± 0.6. .5..1. 31.6 ± 0.3. 12.8 ± 0.3. 33.8 ± 2.1. 14.6 ± 1.4. 5BCMF"OBMZTJTPG.5..1N3/"FYQSFTTJPOJO7&('"TUJNVMBUFEI&.7&$BOEI'.7&$ $POºVFOUI&.7&$BOEI'.7&$XFSFTUJNVMBUFEXJUIOHNM7&('"GPSIPVST"GUFSTUJNVMBUJPO 3/"XBTJTPMBUFEBOED%/"XBTTZOUIFTJ[FEBTEFTDSJCFE3FBMUJNF351$3GPS.5..1("1%)QBJST XFSFQFSGPSNFEBTEFTDSJCFEBOEFYQSFTTFEBTUIFOVNCFSPGDZDMFT $5±4&. 5IFIPVTFLFFQJOHHFOF ("1%)XBTVTFEUPDPSSFDUGPSUIFUPUBMN3/"DPOUFOUPGUIFTBNQMFT5IFE$5WBMVFTXFSFDBMDVMBUFEBT UIFEJGGFSFODFJOOVNCFSPGDZDMFTSFRVJSFEGPSUIF1$3SFBDUJPOUPFOUFSMPHBSJUINJDQIBTFBOEFYQSFTTFEBT E$5±4&.5IFHFOFFYQSFTTJPOPG.5..1BOE.5..1N3/"XBTTJHOJ¹DBOUMZIJHIFSJOI&.7&$ DPNQBSFE UP UIF FYQSFTTJPO JO I'.7&$ 1 5IF HFOF FYQSFTTJPO PG UIF PUIFS .5..1T XBT DPNQBSBCMFCFUXFFOUIFUXPDFMMUZQFT.
(12) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. I&.7&$FYQSFTTWBSJPVT..1TBOE.5..1T 5P TUVEZ XIJDI ..1T BSF FYQSFTTFE CZ I&.7&$ SFBMUJNF 351$3 XBT VTFE UP BT TFTTUIFFYQSFTTJPOBOESFHVMBUJPOPG..1N3/"MFWFMTJOI&.7&$3FBMUJNF351$3 SFWFBMFE UIBU I&.7&$ FYQSFTT DPOTJEFSBCMF BNPVOUT PG ..1 ..1 .5..1 .5..1BOE.5..1N3/"T JFMFTTUIBODZDMFTBOEE$5 VOEFSCBTBMBT XFMMBT7&('"TUJNVMBUFEDPOEJUJPOT5IFEBUBGPSUIF.5..1TBSFHJWFOJO5BCMF I'.7&$ IBE B TJNJMBS FYQSFTTJPO QBUUFSO BT I&.7&$ FYDFQU GPS ..1 XIJDI XBT QPPSMZ FYQSFTTFE CZ I'.7&$ VOEFS CBTBM DPOEJUJPOT OPU TIPXO BOE .5..1 BOE.5..1 XIJDIXFSFFYQSFTTFEUPBIJHIFSEFHSFFJOI&.7&$ 5BCMF 6OEFS CBTBMBOE7&('"TUJNVMBUFEDPOEJUJPOTI&.7&$FYQSFTTFESFMBUJWFMZTNBMMBNPVOUTPG ..1 NFBO$5DZDMFTNFBOE$5 4&.. BOE.5 .5BOE .5..1 5BCMF 5IF..1N3/"FYQSFTTJPOJODSFBTFENBSLFEMZXIFOUIFDFMMT XFSFTUJNVMBUFEXJUI.QIPSCPMFTUFS1." NFBO$5E$5 4&.. /P N3/" PG ..1 ..1 ..1 ..1 BOE ..1 XBT EFUFDUFE JO. A. kD. active MT1-MMP 8 (ng/mL). B. 7. 92. -MMP-9. 72 64. -pro-MMP-2. 3 64-. -act. MMP-2 2. 55. -MMP-1/3. M. Con TNF PMA VEGF. D. C kD. 1 0. MT3MMP. 46-. Con VEGF TNF V/T Con. VEGF TNF PMA. E. 'JHVSFI&.7&$FYQSFTTWBSJPVT..1TBOE.5..1T I&.7&$XFSFDVMUVSFEGPSIJO.TVQQMFNFOUFEXJUI)4" " PS)4 # $ BOEXFSF OPU TUJNVMBUFE DPOUSPM PS TUJNVMBUFE XJUI 5/'α OHN- 7&('" OHN- PS 1." . BTJOEJDBUFE"(FMBUJO[ZNPHSBQIZPGIDPOEJUJPOFENFEJVN .MBEEFS #.5..1BDUJWJUZJO DFMMMZTBUFT NFBO±SBOHFPGUXPFYQFSJNFOUTQFSGPSNFEJOEVQMJDBUFXFMMTXJUIUXPEJGGFSFOUJTPMBUJPOT EFUFDUJPOMJNJUPGUIFBTTBZOHN- $8FTUFSOCMPUPG.5..1JOIDPOEJUJPOFENFEJVN%BOE &*NNVOPIJTUPDIFNJDBMBOBMZTJTPG.5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMUJTTVFTIPXTUIFQSFTFODFPG.5..1JO FOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT % BSSPXT BOENZPNFUSJVN & TUBST TFFDPMPVS¹HVSFTTVQQMFNFOU. .
(13) $IBQUFS. I&.7&$1PTJUJWFDPOUSPMTSFTVMUFEJOBCVOEBOUTJHOBMTETD%/"FODPEJOHGPS..1 ..1BOE..1 D%/"PGIVNBOFOEPNFUSJBMTUSPNBMDFMMTGPS..1BOED%/" PG)5DFMMTGPS..1 5IFFYQSFTTJPOPGBDUJWF..1TXBTDPO¹SNFECZHFMBUJO[ZNPHSBQIZBOEBDUJWJUZBT TBZT(FMBUJO[ZNPHSBQIZPGTFSVNGSFFI&.7&$DPOEJUJPOFENFEJB I TIPXFEFY QSFTTJPOPGMBUFOU..1 L%B BOEBL%BCBOEUIBUSFQSFTFOUT..1PS..1 'SPN UIF N3/" EBUB XF BTTVNF UIBU UIF L%B CBOE SFQSFTFOUT ..1 SBUIFS UIBO ..14UJNVMBUJPOXJUI.1."JOEVDFE..1 L%B QSPUFJOTZOUIFTJTBOEBD UJWBUJPOPG..1 L%B 'JHVSF" 5IFQSFTFODFPG.5..1XBTEFNPOTUSBUFECZ BDUJWJUZBTTBZ 'JHVSF# #PUI7&('"BOE5/'αFYQPTVSFEPVCMFEUIFBDUJWJUZPG.5 ..1 XIJMFQIPSCPMFTUFSDBVTFEBESBNBUJDJODSFBTFJO.5..1BDUJWJUZJOI&.7&$ 'JHVSF# 5IFQSFTFODFPG.5..1QSPUFJOXBTDPO¹SNFECZ8FTUFSOCMPUUJOH5IF QSPEVDUJPOPG.5..1XBTOPUBGGFDUFECZ5/'αBOEJODSFBTFETMJHIUMZBGUFS7&('" FYQPTVSF 'JHVSF$ .5..1XBTEFUFDUBCMFJOFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTPGQSPMJGFSBUJWFIV NBOFOEPNFUSJBMUJTTVF BTXFMMBTJOFOEPNFUSJBMFQJUIFMJBMDFMMTBOENZPNFUSJBMDFMMT 'JHVSF%BOE& . B. C. 120. 7. 600. 2.5·106 pfu/mL 450 300. 100·106 pfu/mL. 150 0 control AdLacZ AdTIMP-1AdTIMP-3. MMP-9 activity (% of AdLacZ). TIMP-1 (% of control). 1.25·106 pfu/mL. active MT1-MMP (ng/mL). control 25 000. . 8. A. 40 000. 6 5 4 3 2 1 0. 90. 100-fold dilution. 25-fold dilution. 60. 30. 0 control. AdLacZ AdTIMP-1AdTIMP-3. AdLacZ. AdTIMP-1 AdTIMP-3. 'JHVSFI&.7&$PWFSFYQSFTTBDUJWF5*.1BOEBGUFSUSBOTEVDUJPO $POºVFOU I&.7&$ XFSF USBOTEVDFE XJUI ⋅ ⋅ BOE ⋅ QGVN- "E-BD; "E5*.1 PS "E5*.1 BT EFTDSJCFE JO UIF .FUIPET TFDUJPO "GUFS I UIF NFEJVN XBT SFNPWFE BOE UIF DFMMT XFSF JODVCBUFEGPSIXJUII&.7&$DVMUVSFNFEJVNBOEJODVCBUFEGPSIJO.TVQQMFNFOUFEXJUI )4" OHN-7&('"XJUIPSXJUIPVU1." . "5*.1MFWFMTXFSFEFUFSNJOFEJOUIFI&.7&$ DPOEJUJPOFE NFEJVN CZ &-*4" GPMMPXJOH UIF NBOVGBDUVSFST± EFTDSJQUJPOT # .5..1 BDUJWJUZ JO UIF MZTBUFT PG 1."TUJNVMBUFE USBOTEVDFE I&.7&$ XBT JOIJCJUFE CZ 5*.1 BOE OPU CZ 5*.1 .5..1 BDUJWJUZXBTBOBMZTFEBTJOEJDBUFEJOUIF.FUIPETTFDUJPO$..1BDUJWJUZXBTBTTBZFEVTJOHBCJPBDUJWJUZ BTTBZBTEFTDSJCFEJOUIF.BUFSJBMBOE.FUIPET5IFBCJMJUZPG5*.1BOE5*.1UPJOIJCJU..1BDUJWJUZ XBTNFBTVSFEJO CMBDLCBST BOEGPME HSBZCBST EJMVUJPOTPGUIFDPOEJUJPOFENFEJBPGI&.7&$ PWFSFYQSFTTJOH5*.1PS5*.1.
(14) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. A. AdLacZ + BB94. AdTIMP-1. AdTIMP-3. B. 100 75. . . . 50. AdLacZ+ BB94. AdTIMP-1. 0. AdTIMP-3. . 25. AdLacZ. mean tube length (% of control). AdLacZ. 'JHVSF#PUI5*.1BOE5*.1JOIJCJUDBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$ I&.7&$ XFSF USBOTEVDFE XJUI ⋅ QGVN- "E-BD; "E5*.1 BOE "E5*.1 BOE XFSF DVMUVSFE PO UPQPGBUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM¹CSJONBUSJYPSB¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJYBOETUJNVMBUFEXJUI7&('" OHN- XJUIPSXJUIPVU## μHN- "1IBTFDPOUSBTUNJDSPHSBQITBGUFSEBZTPGDVMUVSJOHTIPXJOH UVCF GPSNBUJPO JO UIF ¹CSJO NBUSJY #BS μN # .FBO UVCF MFOHUI XBT NFBTVSFE BOE FYQSFTTFE BT B QFSDFOUBHF PG UIF UVCF GPSNBUJPO CZ UIF "E-BD;USBOTEVDFE DFMMT ± 4&.SBOHF PG ¹CSJO NBUSJY CMBDLCBST BOE ¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJY TUSJQFECBST JOEFQFOEFOUFYQFSJNFOUTQFSGPSNFEJOEVQMJDBUF XFMMT5IFNFBOUVCFMFOHUIPGUIF"E-BD;USBOTEVDFEI&.7&$XBT±NNDNPOUIF¹CSJODPMMBHFO NBUSJY∗1WT-BD;USBOTEVDFEDFMMT. .
(15) "EFOPWJSBMHFOFUSBOTGFSPGCPUI5*.1BOE5*.1JNQBJST7&('"JOEVDFEUVCF GPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$. hEMVEC. hFMVEC. 100. . 75. . . 50. . AdLacZ+BB94. AdTIMP-3. AdTIMP-1. AdLacZ. AdLacZ+BB94. AdTIMP-3. 0. AdTIMP-1. 25. AdLacZ. . mean tube length (% of control). $IBQUFS. "TUIFHFOFSBMNFUBMMPQSPUFJOBTFJOIJCJUPS##JOIJCJUFEUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$ UIFFGGFDUTPG5*.1BOE5*.1 UXPQIZTJPMPHJDBMUJTTVFJOIJCJUPSTPG..1T POUIJT QSPDFTT XFSF TUVEJFE I&.7&$ XFSF JOGFDUFE GPS I XJUI SFQMJDBUJPOEF¹DJFOU BEFOP WJSVTFT FYQSFTTJOH IVNBO 5*.1 "E5*.1 5*.1 "E5*.1 PS B DPOUSPM -BD; "E-BD; 5SBOTEVDUJPOPGI&.7&$XJUI"E5*.1DBVTFEBDPODFOUSBUJPOEFQFOEFOU JODSFBTFJO5*.1BOUJHFOQSPEVDUJPO XIJMF"E-BD;PS"E5*.1EJEOPUBGGFDU5*.1 QSPEVDUJPO 'JHVSF" 5PWFSJGZXIFUIFSUIFPWFSFYQSFTTFE5*.1BOEXFSFGVOD. 'JHVSF5*.1JOIJCJUTDBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$CVUOPUCZI'.7&$ I&.7&$BOEI'.7&$XFSFUSBOTEVDFEXJUI⋅QGVN-"E-BD; "E5*.1BOE"E5*.14VCTFRVFOUMZ UIFDFMMTXFSFDVMUVSFEPOUPQPGBUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM¹CSJONBUSJYPSB¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJYJO. TVQQMFNFOUFEXJUI)4BOE/#$4BOETUJNVMBUFEXJUI7&('" OHN- BOE5/'α OH N- XJUIPSXJUIPVU## μHN- .FBOUVCFMFOHUIXBTNFBTVSFEBOEFYQSFTTFEBTBQFSDFOUBHFPG UIFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZUIF"E-BD;USBOTEVDFEDFMMT±4&.SBOHFPGJOEFQFOEFOUFYQFSJNFOUTQFSGPSNFE JOEVQMJDBUFPSUSJQMJDBUFXFMMT ¹CSJONBUSJYCMBDLCBST ¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJYTUSJQFECBST 5IFNFBOUVCF MFOHUIPGUIF"E-BD;USBOTEVDFEI&.7&$XBT±NNDNPOUIF¹CSJONBUSJYBOE±NNDN POUIF¹CSJODPMMBHFONBUSJY ∗1WT-BD;USBOTEVDFEDFMMT.
(16) .5..1JOFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJTJOWJUSP. Mean tube length (mm/cm2 ). UJPOBMBOEBDUJWF UIFJSFGGFDUPO.5..1BOE..1BDUJWJUZXBTBOBMZTFE*ODPO USBTUUPDFMMFYUSBDUTPG"E-BD;PS"E5*.1USBOTEVDFEI&.7&$ JOXIJDI.5..1 SFNBJOFEBDUJWF .5..1BDUJWJUZXBTDPNQMFUFMZJOIJCJUFEJODFMMFYUSBDUTPG"E5*.1 USBOTEVDFEI&.7&$ 'JHVSF # "E5*.1 BOE "E5*.1USBOTEVDFE I&.7&$ JO IJCJUFEFYPHFOPVTBDUJWF..1DPNQBSBCMZ 'JHVSF$ 1SFWJPVTTUVEJFTPO)67&$BOEI'.7&$IBWFTIPXOUIBU5*.1XBTBNPSFQPUFOU JOIJCJUPSPGDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOUIBO5*.1<-BºFVSFUBM $PMMFOFUBM "OBOE"QUFFUBM >6OFYQFDUFEMZ JOI&.7&$CPUI5*.1BOE5*.1PWFSFYQSFT TJPOJOIJCJUFE7&('"JOEVDFEUVCFGPSNBUJPO UPBOFYUFOUTJNJMBSBT## 'JHVSF" BOE # 5IJT XBT GPVOE CPUI JO ¹CSJO BOE JO ¹CSJODPMMBHFO NBUSJDFT 'JHVSF # /P BQQBSFOUDFMMEFBUIPSNPSQIPMPHJDBMDIBOHFTXFSFPCTFSWFEFJUIFSJOUIF"E5*.1PS "E5*.1USBOTEVDFEI&.7&$. 200 175. . 150 125. . 100 75 50 25 0. control. -. FITC. MT3. BB94. VEGF-A 'JHVSF*OIJCJUJPOPG.5..1SFEVDFTUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$ I&.7&$XFSFDVMUVSFEPOUPQPGBUISFFEJNFOTJPOBM¹CSJONBUSJYJO.TVQQMFNFOUFEXJUI)4BOE /#$4$FMMTXFSFDVMUVSFEVOEFSDPOUSPMDPOEJUJPOTJOUIFQSFTFODFPGOHNM7&('PSTUJNVMBUFE XJUI7&('" OHN- 7&('" OHN- BOEBOUJ'*5$*H( μHNM 7&('" OHN- BOEBOUJ .5..1 *H( α.5 μHNM PS 7&('" OHN- BOE ## μHN- .FBO UVCF MFOHUI XBT NFBTVSFEBOEFYQSFTTFEBTUIFNFBOUVCFMFOHUI±4&.PGFYQFSJNFOUTQFSGPSNFEJOEVQMJDBUFXFMMT∗ 1WT7&('TUJNVMBUFEI&.7&$1WT7&('BOUJ'*5$*H(USFBUFEI&.7&$. .
(17) $PNQBSJTPOPGUIFFGGFDUPG5*.1BOE5*.1PWFSFYQSFTTJPOPOUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZ I&.7&$BOEI'.7&$. $IBQUFS. #FDBVTFPGUIFMBDLPGFGGFDUPG5*.1POUVCFGPSNBUJPOJOPVSQSFWJPVTFYQFSJNFOUT XJUI7&('5/'αTUJNVMBUFEI'.7&$<$PMMFOFUBM > XFDPNQBSFEUIFFGGFDUTPG 5*.1BOE5*.1PWFSFYQSFTTJPOPODBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$BOEI' .7&$VOEFSJEFOUJDBMDVMUVSFDPOEJUJPOT#PUIDFMMTUZQFTXFSFHSPXOPOB¹CSJO DPMMBHFONBUSJYBOETUJNVMBUFECZUIFTJNVMUBOFPVTBEEJUJPOPG7&('BOE5/'α XIJDI JTSFRVJSFEUPJOEVDFUVCVMFTCZI'.7&$<,PPMXJKLFUBM >-JLFJO7&('TUJNVMBUFE I&.7&$ CPUI5*.1BOE5*.1SFEVDFEDBQJMMBSZMJLFUVCFGPSNBUJPOJO7&('5/'α TUJNVMBUFEI&.7&$UPUIFTBNFFYUFOUBT## 'JHVSF TUSJQQFECBST *ODPOUSBTU POMZ 5*.1 JOIJCJUFE UVCF GPSNBUJPO CZ I'.7&$ UP B TJHOJ¹DBOU FYUFOU 4JNJMBS EBUB XFSFPCUBJOFEXJUI¹CSJONBUSJDFT 'JHVSF CMBDLCBST /PTJHOJ¹DBOUDFMMEFUBDINFOU XBTPCTFSWFEJOUIF"E5*.1PS"E5*.1USBOTEVDFEI'.7&$BOEI&.7&$HSPXO POUIF¹CSJONBUSJY OFJUIFSVOEFSDPOUSPMDPOEJUJPOTOPSJODFMMTTUJNVMBUFEXJUI7&(' 5/'αPS5/'αBMPOF EBUBOPUTIPXO 5IJTJOEJDBUFTUIBUUIFPWFSFYQSFTTJPOPG5*.1 PS5*.1EJEOPUJOEVDFBWJTJCMFEFHSFFPGBQPQUPTJTPSDFMMEFBUIVOEFSPVSFYQFSJ NFOUBMDPOEJUJPOT. . *OIJCJUJPOPG.5..1SFEVDFTUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$ 5IFJOIJCJUJPOPGUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZCPUI5*.1BOE5*.1PWFSFYQSFTTJPOJOEJDBUFT UIBU PUIFS ..1T UIBO .5..1 QMBZ B SPMF JO UIF SFHVMBUJPO PG UVCF GPSNBUJPO CZ I&.7&$5PPCUBJOFWJEFODFGPSUIFJOWPMWFNFOUPG.5..1JOUIFSFHVMBUJPOPGUIJT QSPDFTT UVCF GPSNBUJPO CZ I&.7&$ XBT JOEVDFE JO UIF QSFTFODF PG BOUJ.5..1 *H( *OIJCJUJPO PG .5..1 TJHOJ¹DBOUMZ SFEVDFE UIF 7&('"FOIBODFE DBQJMMBSZMJLF UVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$ XIJMFOPOTQFDJ¹DBOUJ'*5$*H(IBEOPFGGFDU 'JHVSF 5IFJOIJCJUJPOPG7&('FOIBODFEUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZ.5..1*H(XBTPGUIF JOIJCJUJPOBDIJFWFECZ## TVHHFTUJOHUIBUPUIFSNFUBMMPQSPUFJOBTFTNBZDPOUSJCVUF BEEJUJPOBMMZ. %*4$644*0/ 5IFQSFTFOUTUVEZEFNPOTUSBUFTUIBUCPUIUIFV1"QMBTNJOTZTUFNBOE..1TDPOUSJC VUFUPUIFJOWBTJPOBOEUVCVMBSTUSVDUVSFGPSNBUJPOCZFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTJOB%¹CSJO DPMMBHFO NBUSJY 4JODF 5*.1 BOE 5*.1 PWFSFYQSFTTJPO SFEVDFE DBQJMMBSZMJLF UVCF GPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$UPUIFTBNFFYUFOU OPUQSJNBSJMZ.5..1 CVUPUIFS..1TQMBZ BSFHVMBUPSZSPMFJOUIJTQSPDFTTJOI&.7&$.BKPS..1TFYQSFTTFECZI&.7&$XFSF ..1 ..1 .5..1 ..1 .5..1 ..1 BOE.5..1 ..1 VOEFSCBTBMBOE7&('"TUJNVMBUFEDPOEJUJPOT0VSEBUBTVHHFTUUIBU.5..1JTJO.
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¹O FU BM ;IBOH FU BM > *O BEEJUJPO 5*.1 BOEXFSFEFNPOTUSBUFEJOFOEPNFUSJBMFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTCZJOTJUV IZCSJEJ[BUJPO<$IFHJOJFUBM .BBUUBFUBM 3PEHFSTFUBM >3FDFOUMZ (PG¹OFUBMBMTPSFQPSUFEUIFQSFTFODFPG..1N3/"JOFOEPNFUSJBMUJTTVFUISPVHI PVUUIFDZDMFBOEUIFN3/"TPG..1 ..1BOE.5..1JOUIJTUJTTVFEVSJOH UIFQSPMJGFSBUJWFQIBTFPGUIFDZDMF<(PG¹OFUBM >)PXFWFS OPJOGPSNBUJPOPOUIFJS FYQSFTTJPOCZTQFDJ¹DDFMMTJTDVSSFOUMZBWBJMBCMF 8JUIJO UIF MBSHF HSPVQ PG ..1T UIF .5..1T BUUSBDU TQFDJ¹D BUUFOUJPO CFDBVTF PG UIFJSNFNCSBOFMPDBMJTBUJPOUIBUFOBCMFTUIFNUPSFHVMBUFMPDBMJTFEQSPUFPMZUJDBDUJWJUJFT EJSFDUMZBUUIFDFMMNBUSJYJOUFSBDUJPOTJUFT)PUBSZFUBMTIPXFEUIBUPWFSFYQSFTTJPOPGUIF USBOTNFNCSBOF.5..1 .5..1PS.5..1JOEVDFEFOEPUIFMJBMJOWBTJPOBOE UVCFGPSNBUJPOJO¹CSJO XIJMFUIF(1*BODIPSFE.5..1XBTVOBCMFUPEPTP<)PUBSZ FU BM > .5..1 BOE .5..1 BSF JOWPMWFE JO UIF NJHSBUJPO BOE JOWBTJPO PG WBSJPVTNFTFODIZNBMDFMMT TVDIBT¹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ºFVSFUBM >5IFQSFTFOUEBUB DPO¹SNPVSQSFWJPVTEBUBGPSI'.7&$ CVUBMTPTIPXDPOTJTUFOUMZUIBUCPUI5*.1BOE 5*.1JOIJCJUFEUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZFOEPNFUSJBMFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT"MUIPVHIUIFTFEBUB EPOPUFYDMVEFUIFJOWPMWFNFOUPG.5..1 UIFZTUSPOHMZTVHHFTUUIBUPUIFS..1T UIBO.5..1NBZDPOUSJCVUFNPSFEPNJOBOUMZUPFOEPNFUSJBMBOHJPHFOFTJT. .
(19) $IBQUFS. 5IF FYQSFTTJPO PG ..1 EJGGFSFE NBSLFEMZ CFUXFFO I&.7&$ BOE I'.7&$ IPXFWFS BSPMFGPS..1JTMFTTMJLFMZTJODF..1JTPOMZVQSFHVMBUFEJOUIFTFDSFUPSZQIBTF PGUIFNFOTUSVBMDZDMFBOEOPUJOUIFQSPMJGFSBUJWFQIBTF)PXFWFS EBUBPODFMMTQFDJ¹D FYQSFTTJPOBSFSFRVJSFECFGPSFEF¹OJUJWFDPODMVTJPOTDBOCFESBXO"TFDPOEQPTTJCMF FYQMBOBUJPOPGUIFDPNQBSBCMFJOIJCJUJPOCZ5*.1BOE5*.1NJHIUCFUIBU.5..1 BDUTJODPODFSUXJUIPUIFS..1T JOQBSUJDVMBS..1 BOEUIBUJOIJCJUJPOPGUIFPUIFS ..1TJTSBUFMJNJUJOH)PXFWFS UIFDPNQBSBCMFFYQSFTTJPOTPG..1BOE.5..1 JOI&.7&$BOEI'.7&$EPOPUGBWPSUIJTTVHHFTUJPO'JOBMMZ BNPSFMJLFMZDBOEJEBUF NBZCF.5..1 XIJDIMJLF.5..1DBODPOUSJCVUFQPUFOUMZUPBOHJPHFOFTJTJOB¹ CSJOPVTNBUSJY<)PUBSZFUBM >5IFSFDFOU¹OEJOHUIBUUIFFYQSFTTJPOPG.5..1 N3/"JTFMFWBUFEJOFOEPNFUSJBMUJTTVFEVSJOHUIFQSPMJGFSBUJWFQIBTFPGUIFNFOTUSVBM DZDMF TVHHFTUT TVDI B SPMF <(PG¹O FU BM > 'VSUIFSNPSF PVS EBUB PO UIF SFMBUJWF FYQSFTTJPOTPG.5..1N3/"TJOI&.7&$BOEI'.7&$ UIFQSFTFODFPG.5..1 QSPUFJOPOFOEPNFUSJBMFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMTBOEUIFJOIJCJUJPOPGDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZ JOIJCJUJOH.5..1BSFTUSPOHMZJOGBWPSPGBDPOUSJCVUJPOPG.5..1JODBQJMMBSZMJLF UVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI&.7&$. . 5PTVNNBSJTF ..1TDPOUSJCVUFUPJOWJUSPDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZIVNBOFOEPNF USJBMFOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT8IFSFBTDBQJMMBSZUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZI'.7&$EFQFOETMBSHFMZPO .5..1 UIFEFTDSJCFEEBUBGPSI&.7&$TVHHFTUUIBUPUIFS..1TUIBO.5¬..1 JOQBSUJDVMBS.5..1 QMBZBOJNQPSUBOUSPMFJOUVCFGPSNBUJPOCZIVNBOFOEPNFUSJBM FOEPUIFMJBMDFMMT.
(20)
GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN
TVQQMFNFOUFE XJUI /#$4 BOE 4 BOE 7&'" TUJNVMBUFE DPOEJUJPOT JOIJCJUFE UIF BNPVOU PG DBQJMMBSZMJLF TUSVDUVSFT GPSNFE 5IF FOIBODFE GPSNBUJPO PG DBQJMMBSZMJLF TUSVDUVSFT CZ
%*4$644*0/ 5IF QSFTFOU TUVEZ TIPXFE EJGGFSFODFT JO WBTDVMBSJTBUJPO QBUUFSO CFUXFFO EFDJEVBM TF DSFUPSZ FOEPNFUSJVN %4& EFDJEVB CBTBMJT %# BOE EFDJEVB QBSJFUBMJT %1
BM >'JOBMMZ UIFGBDUUIBU.5..1JTJOEVDFEJOWBSJPVTDFMMUZQFTPGEFDJEVBQBSJ
0CKFDUJWF%FDJEVBMWBTDVMBSEFWFMPQNFOUJTJNQPSUBOUGPSJNQMBOUBUJPO5IJTTUVEZ BOBMZTFEEFDJEVBMWBTDVMBSBEBQUBUJPOUPJNQMBOUBUJPOJODPSSFMBUJPOXJUINJTDBSSJBHF JOEFDJEVBMTFDSFUPSZFOEPNFUSJVN
'FUBMHSPXUISFTUSJDUJPOHSPVQ 5IF '3 HSPVQ TIPXFE OP TJHOJ¹DBOU EJGGFSFOUJBM FYQSFTTJPO DPNQBSFE UP UIF DPO USPM HSPVQ 4USJLJOHMZ UIF FYQSFTTJPO PG 7&'" GPME 1M' GPME ,%3 GPME
7BTDVMBSJTFE EFDJEVB JT JNQPSUBOU GPS JNQMBOUBUJPO BOE EJTUVSCBODFT JO WBTDVMBS EF WFMPQNFOU NBZ QMBZ B SPMF JO UIF QBUIPHFOFTJT PG NJTDBSSJBHFT 'FX TUVEJFT IBWF BE ESFTTFE
%FDJEVBM WBTDVMBSJTBUJPO BQQFBST UP BEBQU UPP SBQJEMZ UP FNCSZPOJD JNQMBOUBUJPO JO NJTDBSSJBHF $I
FOEPUIFMJVNPGCPUI%#BOE%15IFTF¹OEJOHTTVHHFTUBSPMFGPS7&'"JOTVQQPSUJOH EFDJEVBM BOHJPHFOFTJT UISPVHIPVU JNQMBOUBUJPO BOE GVSUIFS DPO¹SN UIF IZQPUIFTJT