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Teachers' perspectives on self-regulated learning : an exploratory study in secondary and university education

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Oolbekkink-Marchand, H.W.

Citation

Oolbekkink-Marchand, H. W. (2006, November 9). Teachers' perspectives on self-regulated

learning : an exploratory study in secondary and university education. ICLON PhD

Dissertation Series. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4976

Version:

Corrected Publisher’s Version

License:

Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the

Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden

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https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4976

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