• No results found

University of Groningen Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "University of Groningen Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha"

Copied!
31
0
0

Bezig met laden.... (Bekijk nu de volledige tekst)

Hele tekst

(1)University of Groningen. Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record. Publication date: 2021 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database. Citation for published version (APA): Jager, N. M. (2021). Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality: interventions during brain death and normothermic machine perfusion. University of Groningen. https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.172538846. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.. Download date: 20-07-2021.

(2) . . . . . . 6 QRX .

(3) . Complement therapeutics in the multi-ogran donor: do or don’t Frontiers of Immunology; 2019. Neeltina M. Jager* Judith E. van Zanden* Mohamed R. Daha Michiel E. Erasmus Henri G. D. Leuvenink Marc A. Seelen *Both authors contributed equally. . QRY .

(4) '(&( <!69'!-79 ! !O796(,(/&460&6!77'7!!/. !(/9'!%(!- 0%06&/96/74-/99(0/O 7:' 7 !99!6 7:6&(- !>4!69(7! /  46!7!6<9(0/ 9!'/(5:!7R '!6!%06!O 06&/ 96/74-/99(0/ (7 /0= ?7 0/7( !6!   7:!77%:- 96!9.!/9 %06 !/ X79&! (7!7!7 0% <6(0:706&/7O(R!R,( /!?7O-(<!6O(/9!79(/!O'!69/ -:/&7R 0=!<!6O9'!6!6!79(--66(!67 ='('46!<!/9-(%!-0/&7:6<(<-0%9'! 0/06&6%9(/9'!6!(4(!/9R9(<9(0/0%9'!(..:/! 7?79!. (7 / (.4069/9 -(.(9(/& %906 (/ 9'! 96/74-/99(0/ 460!77R 7 469 0% 9'(7 460X (/%-..906? !/<(60/.!/9O 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (7 96(&&!6! R 0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ 4-?7  ,!? 60-! (/ 9'! 96/74-/99(0/ 460!77O 7 '(&'-(&'9!  ? 9'! .0:/9 0% 79: (!7 (/ (7'!.(X6!4!6%:7(0/ (/+:6? /  6!+!9(0/R 0=!<!6O /!= (/7(&'9 '<! 7'0=/ 9'9 0.4-!.!/9 (7 /09 0/-? 9(<9!  (/ 9'! -9!6 79&!7 0% 96/74-/99(0/O :9 -6! ? 0..!/!7 (/ 9'! 0/06R / !!7!  0/067O 0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ (7 770(9!  =(9' !9!6(069!  5:-(9? 0% !!7!  0/06 06&/7R % (.4069/!O 7(/! .079 06&/7 6! 6!96(!<!  %60. 0/9(0/ %9!6 6(/ !9' Z[ 06 0/9(0/ %9!6 (6:-906? !9' Z[ 0/067R'!!>9.!'/(7.7/ 9'!60-!0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(/9'!49'04'?7(0-0&? 0% 9'! !!7!  0/06 '<! !!/ :/ !6!>407! R '(7 6!<(!= 460<( !7 / 0<!6<(!= 0% 9'! :66!/9 ,/0=-! &! 0/ 0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ (/ 9'! Z.:-9(X[06&/ 0/06R 6&!9(/& 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. .(&'9 !  460.(7(/& 9'!64!:9( 7969!&? 90 (.460<! 9'! 5:-(9? 0% <6(0:7 0/0606&/7R'!6!%06!O=!=(-- (7:779'!0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(79'9-6! ? '<!!!/9!79! (/9'! 0/06R(/--?O=!5:!79(0/='!9'!60.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(77'0:-  !96/7-9! 909'!-(/(7/ (%--06&/77'6!9'!7.!409!/9(-0.4-!.!/996&!97O 0/7( !6(/&9'!4'?7(0-0&(- (%%!6!/!70%!'06&/R . . QSP .

(5) 60 "(&#)(#" 606#"#&#"(#" 6&/96/74-/99(0/(79'!!7996!9.!/9%06!/ X79&! (7!7!7(/<6(0:706&/7O(/-: (/& 9'! ,( /!?O -(<!6O (/9!79(/!O '!69 /  -:/&7R  '! %(!-  0% 06&/ 96/74-/99(0/ '7 . ! !/06.0:7460&6!770<!69'!-79 ! !7R60.(..:/07:446!77(0// 9(77:!.9'(/&90 06&/460:6!.!/9/ 46!7!6<9(0/O--9'!7! !<!-04.!/977(&/(%(/9-?0/96(:9! 909'! 460&6!77. !(/9'!%(!- 0%96/74-/99(0/R!<!69'!-!77O 0/06<(-(-(9?/ 5:-(9?6! 79(--(.4069/9-(.(99(0/7R6&/76!.079-?6!96(!<! %60. !!7!  0/067O/ 90.:' -!77!6 !>9!/9 %60. -(<(/& 0/067 Z(&:6! e[R !!7!  0/067 (/-: ! 0/9(0/ %9!6 6(/ !9' Z[ /  0/9(0/ %9!6 (6:-906? !9' Z[R  0/067 / ! (<( !  (/90 S!>4!9! T/ S:/!>4!9! TR>4!9!  0/9(0/9,!74-!%9!64-//! =(9' 6=-0% -(%!X7:79(/(/&<!/9(-9067:44069R /0/9679O:/!>4!9!  !9'6!%!6790 0/06='0' / ://9((49!  6 ( 66!79O =(9'0:9 7:!77%:- 6!7:7(99(0/R :! 90 9'! 7!(@:6! 0% (6:-9(0/O X !6(<!  06&/7 '<!  <6(-! 4!6(0  0% =6. (7'!.( 9(.! 46(06 90 6!96(!<-R(/!9'!479%!=?!67O9'!/:.!60% 0/067(7(/6!7(/&O(/469(:-6(/ !-&(:.O 4(/O '! /(9! 

(6) (/& 0. /  '! !9'!6-/ 7R 0=!<!6O =(9'(/ :604!O .079 06&/76!79(--6!96(!<! %60. 0/067Z(&:6!f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

(8) :66!/9-?O !!7!  0/0676!46!7!/99'!46(.6?70:6!0%96/74-/9! 06&/7R 0=!<!6O 9'! (/6!7(/& !./  %06 06&/ 96/74-/97 ./ 9!  %06 !>4/7(0/ 0% 9'! 0/06 400-R '!6!%06! -9!6/9(<! 7969!&(!7 6! !4-0?! O 7:' 7 / (/6!7! 0% 9'! /:.!6 0% -(<(/& 0/067O !>9!/7(0/ 0% 9'! 6(9!6( %06 !!7!  0/9(0/ /  (.460<!.!/97 (/ 0/06 ./&!.!/9 /  460:6!.!/9R 9(--O 0/9(/:(/& !%%0697 90 (.460<! /  46!7!6<! 0/06 06&/76!(.4069/9R0 070O(/9!6<!/9(0/7(/9'! 0/067!!.7460.(7(/&7969!&?R:6(/& 9'!-79 ! !O7!<!6- 0/0646!96!9.!/9(/9!6<!/9(0/7'<!!!/!>4-06! (/09'/(.- / ':./79: (!7O7:'79'!!%%!90%9'?60( '06.0/!96!9.!/9/ 79!60( 96!9.!/9R   0=!<!6O/00/7!/7:7'7!!/6!'! =(9'6!&6 909'!7! 0/0696!9.!/97969!&(!7O :! 90 (/0/7(79!/9 6!7:-97R

(9)  !<!69'!-!77O Z46![96!9.!/9 0% 9'! !!7!  0/06 06 9'! 7!469! 0/0606&/7460<( !7=(/ 0=0%044069:/(9?90(.460<!&6%9%:/9(0// &6%9 7:6<(<-R /9'!7!6'%069'!049(.-96&!9(/9'! 0/06O9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!..(&'94-? /(.4069/960-!R  . !!!! " .  . . 6.    . .  . . . .  .  . .

(10). . . . . . .  ,)@7%,$)&&%&)&)%*+)%*'#%+ %@>?E4')+0'&&%&)4')&)%7 # +3*/ ,! ,+,/ ,/"+0 2/+0-)+2 $+ RPQW? 0 ,3*+2 7 3/,2/+0-)+2? -/ 27- ,! ,+,/?-/,/"+BJ +RPQW?2#+3*/,!$+202$+0,+2500$6B/4$2$,+0A?,+2$,+ !2/ /$+ 2#@ ? ,+2$,+ !2/ $/3)2,/7 2#B # 2 50 ,+03)2 ,+ 2# RU2# ,! 2,/RPQX?-/*$00$,+!,/-3)$2$,+50,2$+B.   . . . QSS .

(11) 70 #!$ !"('-'(! '!/9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.=7 (70<!6! .06!9'/!/9:6?&0O(9=7 !76(! 7 S'!9X-(-! 0.40/!/97 (/ 7!6:.O 0.4-!.!/9(/& /9(0 (!7 (/ !-(.(/9(/& 9!6(TR 0= ?7O 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (7 ,/0=/ 7  469 0% 9'! (//9! (..:/! 7?79!. 9'9 0/7(7970%0<!6gd4609!(/7(/4-7./ 0/!--7:6%!7R /6(!%O9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!. 0/9(/79'6!!9(<9(0/49'=?7Q9'!-77(-49'=?Z[O-!9(/49'=?Z [/ 9'! -9!6/9(<!49'=?Z[R'!=79'!%(67949'=? (70<!6! / (79(<9! ?/9(&!/X /9(0 ?0.4-!>!7R'!7!0.4-!>!76!6!0&/(@! ?e5O(/ :(/&7 !<(f/  hO='('-! 7909'!460 :9(0/0%g0/<!697!Zhf[R'!7.!6!7:-9(7'(!<!  ='!/ 499!6/ 6!0&/(9(0/ .0-!:-!7 0% 9'!  Z.//07!X(/ (/& -!9(/ Z [O %(0-(/7 06 0--!9(/Xee[(/ 909'!(6 X770(9! 7!6(/!4609!7!7Z[90-!<!f/ hR'! (7740/9/!0:7-?9(<9! ?'? 60-?7(70%g90gZ [R906(76!6:(9! / -!<!  ?%90690%06.9'!g0/<!697!Zg[R'!7!0/<!697!76!(/96(/7(--?:/79-!O :99'!(6'-%X-(%!(7-!/&9'!/! ?(/9!69(0/=(9'%9064604!6 (/Z[O407(9(<!79(-(@(/& 6!&:-9060%9'!R '!g0/<!697!7%06.! ?9'! (%%!6!/949'=?76!6!740/7(-! %06-0=&6 !-!<&!0%gO9'!6!?%06.(/&gRg.! (9!70470/(@9(0/06(/ 790 g0/<!697!790%06.9'!i0/<!697!R'!i0/<!697!7-!<!i(/90i/ i %9!6='('9'!.!.6/!99,0.4-!>Z[(7%06.! O<(99'.!/90%i90jOkO l/ mR'!0.4-!>(/ :!79'!%06.9(0/0%-(404'(-(0.4-!>!7(/!--.!.6/!7 ='('%(/--?-! 790!---?7(7R:69'!6.06!OiXm(/ :!79(77:!(/+:6?<((/96X!--:-6460X (/%-..906? 7(&/-(/& 49'=?7R  (/--?O (/+:6? / ! .4-(%(!  ? 9'! %06.!  74-(9 460 :97 g /  iO 9(/& 7 /4'?-90>(/7 9'9 460<0,! (/%-:> /  9(<9(0/ 0% (/%-..906?!--7R    706#!$ !"('-'(!"'#"#&' / !6 /06.- (6:.79/!7O 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (7 796(9-? 0/960--!  ? 0.4-!.!/9 6!&:-90679046!<!/99'! !796:9(0/0%'!-9'?!--7/ 9(77:!7R  0=!<!6O='!/9'(7%(/! -/!(7 (79:6! O9'!9(<9! 0.4-!.!/97?79!..?6!7:-9(/9(77:!(/+:6?R../   !.0/7969! 9'!(/<0-<!.!/90%0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/(/ !!7! 06&/ 0/067R . /09'/  0/067O(/6!7! 7?79!.(0.4-!.!/9-!<!-70%iXm=!6!%0:/ (/ 4-7. 0.46!  90 iXm 4-7. -!<!-7 0% -(<(/& 0/067O ='(' (7 770(9!  =(9' :9! 6!+!9(0/0%6!/---0&6%97R / (9(0/O9'!7!'(&'!60.4-!.!/9-!<!-7=!6!770(9! =(9' (/6!7! -0-9(77:!(/+:6?(/ !!7!  0/0670.46! 909'!-(<(/&0:/9!64697R / !6,'0<!/ 7'0=! / (9(0/-:46!&:-9(0/0%i(/4-7.%60.6(/X !  0/067 0.46! 90-(<(/&0/960-7R :69'!6.06!O!6(!7  !.0/7969! 9'970-:-!iXm Z7iXm[6!-!7!(7 !9!9! (/09'/  0/067!%06!6!4!6%:7(0/O:9/09(/-(<(/& 0/067R '!7!'(&'!6-!<!-70%7iXm(/ !!7!  0/0676!770(9! =(9'(/%!6(066!/- --0&6%9 %:/9(0/ %9!6 96/74-/99(0/R  / 06 /!O 7?79!.( h  /   -!<!-7 =!6! 7(&/(%(/9-? '(&'!6 (/ 9'! !!7!  0/06 9'/ (/ 9'! -(<(/& 0:/9!6469O =(9' 09' 0.4-!.!/94609!(/7!(/&770(9! =(9'7iXm-!<!-7(/6(/X !  0/067R /9!6!79(/&-?O 9'!6!=7/0770(9(0/7!!/!9=!!/ / 7iXmO='('7:&&!7979'909'9'!/  . QST .

(12)  6! (/<0-<!  (/ 6(/ !9'X(/ :!  (/+:6?O :9 /09 9'! R 0=!<!6O =(9' 9'! 6!!/9 %(/ (/&70%9'!409!/9(-?477!7(/9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.O9'! .(&'979(--4-?60-!(/ 0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/(/9'! !!7!  0/06R 

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e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

(14) 80" (&"'$ "((#" 806 "'"&" (&"'$ "((#" '! ,( /!? =7 9'! %(679 06&/ 7:!77%:--? 96/74-/9! O (/ emihR 0= ?7O 6!/- 96/74-/99(0/ Z>[ (7 9'! 049(.- 96!9.!/9 %06 49(!/97 =(9' !/ X79&! 6!/- (7!7!R !7( !7!>4!6(!/!(/?!67O9'!/:.!60%4!6%06.! ,( /!?96/74-/97!>!! 79'!/:.!6 0%--09'!670-( 06&/96/74-/97R /fdekOhRhem6!/-96/74-/97=!6!4!6%06.! (/:604!O 76!&(79!6! ?9'!:6096/74-/9 /9!6/9(0/-0:/ 9(0/Z(&:6!f[R 0=!<!6O9'!/:.!6 0% 49(!/97 =(9(/& %06  6!/- 96/74-/9 (7 !>9!/7(<! /  79(-- (/6!7(/&R '! &60=(/& 7'069&!0% 0/06,( /!?7-! 90!>4-069(0/0%-9!6/9(<!7969!&(!7R(679O9'!/:.!60% -(<(/& 0/9(0/7 (/6!7!  7(&/(%(/9-? 0<!6 9'! ?!67R (<(/& ,( /!? 0/9(0/ (7 0/79/9-? !<0-<(/& /  &0!7 /0= ?7 !?0/  6!-9(<!7O -(,! (/ (<( :-7 ='0 0/9!  ,( /!? 90 / /0/?.0:7 6!(4(!/9O 70X--!  -96:(79( 06 .6(9/ 0/9(0/R !7( !7 9'(7O 74!(- 460&6.76! !<!-04! O7:'79'!- %06- 460&6.06 0.(/096/74-/99(0/R /9'! - %06- 460&6.,( /!?70% 0/0670<!6ji?!67060- !66! 0/9! 906!(4(!/970%9'! 7.! &!O =(9'0:9 9,(/& 9(77:!X.9'(/& '69!6(79(7 (/90 0:/9R  0.(/0 96/74-/99(0/0:67='!/9'!6!.0<! 06&/%60.9'!%(6796!(4(!/9(796/74-/9! (/ /09'!66!(4(!/9R:69'!6.06!O9'! 0/06400-0/7(79(/&0%09'/  0/067(7 !>4/ ! ?9'!:7!0%,( /!?7%60.!>9!/ ! 6(9!6( 0/067Z[O='('6!%!67900- !6 0/067/  0/067=(9'0.06( (9(!7R0.46! 9079/ 6 6(9!6( 0/06Z[,( /!?7O ,( /!?7%60.6!770(9! =(9':4909=0X%0- (/6!7! 6(7,0%O:9!6!+!9(0/O /  &6%9 -077R

(15) ( /!?7 %60. 0- !6 0/067 6! &!/!6--? .06! (..:/0&!/( 9'/ ,( /!?7 %60. ?0:/& 0/067O ='(' .,!7 (..:/0.0 :-906? 4460'!7 (/ 06&/7 %60.  / (/9!6!79(/&904(%06%:9:6!6!7!6'R(9'9'!(/6!7! :9(-(9?0%,( /!?7%60.(/9'! -(/(7O .06! 6/ 0.(@!  0/960--!  96(-7 7'0:-  ! 4!6%06.! O =(9' X !6(<!  ,( /!?7 (/-: ! R'!7!X !6(<! ,( /!?7.(&'9%06.7:&60:4='('409!/9(--?!/!%(97%60. 9'!64!:9(7-6! ? .(/(79!6! (/9'! 0/069'996&!979'!(..:/!7?79!.R  807#!$ !"('-'(!"&" (&"'$ "((#" 0790%9'!!<( !/!%069(<9(0/0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(/ !!7!  0/067(7,/0=/ %60.79: (!7='('%0:70/9'!,( /!?R6-?79: (!74!6%06.! ?

(16) :7,  !9!9!  -0-g !407(9(0/(/,( /!?(70&6%97%60.6(/X ! 697eX'0:64079X96/74-/99(0/O='(-! /0 g !407(9(0/ =7 7!!/ (/ -(<(/& 0/06 0/960-7R g !407(9(0/ =7 -09!  0/ 9'! !/ 09'!-(-!--7/ &-0.!6:-(0%,( /!?7/ 0:- 79(--! !9!9! 9 ?i%9!6>R

(17)  / 06 /!O../ 7'0=! '(&'!66!/-g&!/!!>46!77(0/69!7(/6(/X ! 697 !%06!96/74-/99(0/9'/(/-(<(/& 0/067R 0 (9(0/-g&!/!!>46!77(0/=7%0:/  %9!6 >O 70 6!/- g (7 !407(9!  7  (6!9 6!7:-9 0% 6(/ !9'R '!7! 6!7:-97 =!6! 0/%(6.! (/9'!':./7!99(/&O(/='('7(&/(%(/9-?.06!g&!/!!>46!77(0/=7%0:/ (/ ,( /!?(047(!79,!/%60.6(/X !  0/0679'/(/(047(!7%60.-(<(/& 0/067R'!6!7:-97 0/96/76(49(0/--!<!-=!6!7:44069! ?(..:/0'(790'!.(796?Rg  !407(9(0/=77!!/ (/6!/-&6%97%60.':./6(/X !  0/067O:9/09(/-(<(/& 0/067R&(/O/0 (9(0/- g  !407(9(0/=7%0:/ %9!6(7'!.(/ 6!4!6%:7(0/R  . QSV .

(18) '!%:/9(0/-(.4069/!0%-0-g7?/9'!7(7(7 !.0/7969! ?.:-9(4-!79: (!7R699  7'0=! (/.:6(/!.0 !-9'96!/---0&6%97-,(/&g460 :9(0/7:6<(<!.06!9'/ %(<!9(.!77-0/&76!/---0&6%979'9460 :!gR / (9(0/O60=/  !.0/7969!  9'9!>46!77(0/0%g--!-!7?6!/-!--7(/9'! !!7! ':./ 0/067(&/(%(/9-?%%!9 &6%97:6<(<-R 0=!<!6O9'!770(9(0/!9=!!/9'!g--09?4!7/ &6%97:6<(<-0:-  /09!6!4-(9! ?09'!67R6&:/.  !9!9! /07(&/(%(/9 (%%!6!/!7!9=!!/9'! g--!-!70/-0/&X9!6.6!/---0&6%97:6<(<-(/49(!/97R'!7!6!7:-976!(/06 /! =(9'9'!79: ?0%../ O='('07!6<! 9'9 0/06g--09?4!76!/09770(9!  =(9'6!/---0&6%90:90.!%9!66!/-96/74-/99(0/R/-?7:&60:4/-?7(7=(9'(/9'! &60:46!<!-! 4609!9(<!!%%!90%9'! 0/06g--09?4!%0646(.6?/0/X%:/9(0/R '!7! (<!6&!/96!7:-970:- 4077(-?!!>4-(/! ?9'! (%%!6!/!7(/7.4-!7(@!/ 4079X 96/74-/99(0/%0--0=X:4 9R '!(.4069/!0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(7:/ !6-(/! ?9'!(/X !49'/-?7(70% 9'! &!/! !>46!77(0/ (%%!6!/!7 !9=!!/ ':./ 6!/- --0&6%9 (047(!7 %60. -(<(/& /  !!7!  0/067R (&/(%(/9 6!/- 0<!6!>46!77(0/ 0% ./? 0.4-!.!/9 0.40/!/97 =!6! 7!!/(/ !!7!  0/06,( /!?7!%06!6!4!6%:7(0/R6(.6(-?0.4-!.!/9X6!-9! &!/!70% 9'!=!6!(/<0-<! O/.!-?e5Oe7Oe6Of/ hR906O0.40/!/90%9'!O=7 :46!&:-9! (/ !!7! ,( /!?7R(.(-66!7:-97=!6!7!!/(/9'!='0-!&!/0.!.(6066? 79: ?4!6%06.! ?../ R'(779: ?7'0=! !/6('.!/90%09'9'!'?40>(/  0.4-!.!/9 0&:-9(0/ 49'=?7 (/ ,( /!?7 !6(<!  %60. 6(/X !  0/067R '! 7.! 49'=?7=!6!(/<0-<! (/,( /!?7%60. 0/067O:9(/-9!64'7!0%96/74-/99(0/O /.!-? :6(/&(7'!.(R 0:7(/&0/9'! 0=/796!.0.4-!.!/90.40/!/97O9'! iX iX>(7 7!!.7 90 4-? / (.4069/9 60-!R i (7 /09 0/-? 7?79!.(--? :46!&:-9!  (/ 9'! !!7!  0/06O:9/!6,'0<!/ 7'0=! /(/6!7! 6!/-9::-6!>46!77(0/0% 9'! i 6!!4906 e Zie[R  -90&!9'!6O 9'!7! 79: (!7 7:&&!79 9'9 9'! -0- (..:/! 9(<9(0/ (/ 9'! !!7!  6!/- --0&6%9 (7 (.4069/9 %06 9'! 0:90.! %9!6 >R ':7O 96&!9! 9'!64?(/9!6%!6(/&=(9'Z-0-[0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/!%06!460:6!.!/906 :6(/& 46!7!6<9(0/ (7 / 9969(<! 9'!64!:9( 4460'R 0=!<!6O 77!77(/& -0- (..:/! 9(<9(0/6!5:(6!7(/<7(<!9!'/(5:!7R069'96!70/O:7(/&0.4-!.!/9 !407(9(0/7/ (/ (906 %06 6!/- .&! .(&'9 /09 ! 46!%!66! R  6!!/9 79: ? ? '6244!-    (/<!79(&9! 9'!409!/9(-%06-!77(/<7(<!.6,!67?!<-:9(/&g/ i-!<!-7(/ 0/06 :6(/!R '!? %0:/  9'9 0/06 :6(/6? i -!<!-7 =!6! 066!-9!  =(9'  %9!6 6!/- 96/74-/99(0/R g -!<!-7 =!6! '(&'!6 (/ :6(/! %60. !!7!  0/067 9'/ (/ :6(/! %60. '!-9'?0/960-7R 0=!<!6O/0066!-9(0/=77!!/!9=!!/:6(/6?g/ 4079X96/74-/9 R'!9'!609'!60.4-!.!/94609!(/7.!7:6! (/:6(/!066!-9!=(9'&6%9%:/9(0/O 409!/9(--?7!6<(/&7(0.6,!67O'7/09?!9!!/!-:( 9! R -6! ?%!=0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(7=!6!9!79! (/9'! !!7! ,( /!? 0/0606 :6(/&,( /!?46!7!6<9(0/Z-!e[R/!0%9'!.079409!/90.4-!.!/9(/'((9067(7eX (/'((906 ZeX  [R 7  7!6(/! 4609!7! (/'((906O   

(19)  9 !.0/7969!  9'9 eX   .0 :-9!79(<9(0/9'!/  R 

(20) 6!X-(/(-79: (!7=(9'eX  (/9'! !!7!  0/06 7'0=! 460.(7(/&6!7:-97R044!-67 9!79! '(&'X 07!/ -0=X 07!eX  (/69 . QSW . 6.

(21) .0 !-0%6(/ !9'(/='('eX  =7 .(/(79!6! gd.(/:9!7%9!60/%(6.9(0/0%6(/ !9'R (&'X 07!eX  96!9.!/9(/6(/X ! 6976!7:-9! (/7(&/(%(/9-?-0=!66!/-460X (/%-..906?&!/!!>46!77(0/7/  !6!7! 7!6:.-!<!-70% XjR / (9(0/OeX  -! 90 /(.460<! 6!/-%:/9(0/6!%-!9! ?-0=!67!6:.6!9(/(/!-!<!-7O/ -!776!/-(/+:6?7 !.0/7969! ?-0=!6,( /!?(/+:6?.0-!:-!Xe&!/!!>46!77(0/-!<!-7ReX  (7:66!/9-? 9!79! 796!9.!/97969!&?(/':./6(/X !  0/06790(.460<!0:90.!%9!6 > Zdfhgikgf[R99'(7.0.!/9O9'(779: ?(76!6:(9(/&49(!/97ReX  96!9.!/9.(&'9-70 !  460.(7(/& 0.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9( %06 7O ='(' (7 :66!/9-? (/<!79(&9!  ? !6// !@    (/  /0/X':./ 46(.9! .0 !-R  !7( !7 eX  O .06! 0.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9(7 6! -6! ? 9!79!  (/ 9'! !!7!  0/06 (/ !>4!6(.!/9- 7!99(/&R 0-:-! 0.4-!.!/96!!4906eZ7e[=7&(<!/906(/X ! 697/ 96!9.!/9=(9'7e!%06! / %9!60/%(6.9(0/0%6(/ !9'-! (/09'7!7907(&/(%(/9-?(.460<! 6!/---0&6%9 %:/9(0/R / (9(0/O96!9.!/9=(9'7e-! 906! :! 6!/-&!/!!>46!77(0/0% XeIO XjO / XIR'!7!6!7:-97 !.0/7969!9'90.4-!.!/9(/'((9(0/(/9'! 0/06(7!%%!9(<!O !<!/%9!69'!0/%(6.9(0/0%6(/ !9'R !>9909'!:7!0%0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(7(/9'! 0/06O-6! ?%!=79: (!79!79!  9'!!%%!90%0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(7 :6(/&6!/-46!7!6<9(0/R9!- =!6!9'!%(679O / !<-:9! 9'!!%%!90%dkdO-70,/0=/7(600!49R(600!49(7.!.6/!X -0-(@(/&0.4-!.!/96!&:-906O='('(7 !6(<9!%60.0.4-!.!/96!!4906eR9 0/06 ,( /!?7=!6!4!6%:7! =(9'(600!49/ 7:7!5:!/9-?7:+!9! 90ej'0:670%R%9!6 ej'0:670%O9'!,( /!?7=!6!96/74-/9! (/907?/&!/!(6!(4(!/97Rdkd4!6%:7!  6!/-&6%97' 7:6<(<-69!70%jhu0.46! 907:6<(<-69!0%fju(/0/960-X96!9!  6!/---0&6%97R:66!/9-?O(600!49(79!79! (/.:-9(!/9!66/ 0.(@! 0/960--! 96(-O (/ ='(' (600!49 (7  .(/(79!6!   

(22)  90 !!7!  0/06 ,( /!?7R '! 96(-O --!   

(23)  O(779(--0/&0(/&/ (.790!<-:9!9'!!%%(?0%(600!49(/6! :(/&9'! (/( !/!0% !-?! &6%9%:/9(0/(/6!/-96/74-/97%60. !!7!  0/067R:69'!6.06!O !=(7  !.0/7969! 9'94'6.0-0&(-96&!9(/&9'!i(7-700%409!/9(-!/!%(9R. /9'(779: ?i/9&0/(79/.! l =7:7! O='('96&!9709'9'!ie/  ifR 0/06 ,( /!?7 =!6! %-:7'!  /  7906!  %06 f '0:67 =(9'  06  v i /9&0/(79R

(24) ( /!?7 96!9!  =(9' 9'! i /9&0/(79 '  7(&/(%(/9-? (.460<!  6!/- %:/9(0// (/6!7! &6%97:6<(<-0.46! 90:/96!9! ,( /!?7R / (9(0/O9'!i /9&0/(797(&/(%(/9-?46!<!/9! 6!/-(/+:6?O6!%-!9! ?-0=!6&!/!!>46!77(0/-!<!-70% XH/ .604'&!(/%-..906?4609!(/XfW fRi=7-7096&!9! (/6!!/979: ?O (/='('.0/0-0/-/9(0 ?&(/79i=7:7! R9 0/06,( /!?7=!6!46!7!6<! <( %06fl'0:67=(9'06=(9'0:9/9(XiR6!9.!/9=(9'/9(Xi7(&/(%(/9-?(/6!7! 9'! 7:6<(<-69!0%9'!6!/---0&6%97%60.ffu90eddu%9!6fe ?7R/09'!6i0.4-!.!/9 (/'((906 (7 9'! 6!!/9-? &!/!69!  6!0.(//9 /9(Xi /9(0 ? --!  6&( (/O ='(' (7 0:4-! 90?-(X6&(/?-&-??-7469(Z[( X4!49( !R'!4!49( !'79'!4604!69? 90.(&69!909'!(7'!.(!/ 09'!-(-!--R':7O='!/0:/ 90/9(Xi(9=(--/090/-?! -!90.(&69!O:9-70!-!900/960-(7'!.(9(77:!(/+:6?R /79: ?0%:6(&:990  O69 0/06,( /!?7=!6!460:6! / 7906! 0/(!%06fh'0:67R'!6!%9!6O,( /!?7=!6! . QSX .

(25)  

(26)  (/%:7!  =(9' 6&( (/O /  46!7!6<!  <(  %06 !(9'!6 ei 06 gd .(/:9!7R !7:-97 7'0=!  9'9 6&( (/ =7 0:/  90 9'! <7:-6 !/ 09'!-(:. 0% 9'! ,( /!? /  -6! ? 6!'! 4-9!:%9!6ei.(/:9!7R!>9O9'!!%%(?0%6&( (/=7!<-:9! (/69.0 !- 0%6!/-  R976!!(<! 6&( (/hi.(/:9!7!%06!(7'!.(/ =!6!76(%(! 9 ?e06 ?hR6&( (/46!7!6<! 6!/-%:/9(0/O46!<!/9! 9(77:!(/+:6?9&-0.!6:-6/ 9::-6 -!<!-/ 46!<!/9! m !407(9(0/(/9'!,( /!?7909' ?e/  ?hR!7( !7/9(XiO : R-70!<-:9! 9'!!%%!90%(/'((906gdRgd(70.4-!.!/96!!4906fW%906  %:7(0/ 4609!(/R  

(27)  46!7!6<9(0/ =(9' gd %06 fl '0:67 7(&/(%(/9-? (.460<!  6!/- %:/9(0/ /  6!/- &6%9 7:6<(<- 0.46!  90 0/960-X96!9!  ,( /!?7R '! feX ? &6%9 7:6<(<-69!=7jju(/9'!gd96!9! &60:40.46! 909'!eddu(/9'!/9(Xi96!9!  &60:4R '!7! 7:6<(<- 69!7 (  /09 7(&/(%(/9-? (%%!6O :9 (.4-? 9'9 /!>9 90 9'! O 9(<9(0/0%9'!06 .(&'94-?/60-!(/(/(7'!.(X(/ :! (/+:6?R 7! 0/9'!79: (!7-6! ?4!6%06.! O(9/!'?409'!7(@! 9'99'!6!/---0&6%9 (7-6! ?46(.! %060.4-!.!/99(<9(0/(/9'! !!7!  0/06R'!64!:9(7(/9!6%!6(/& =(9' 0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ !%06! 06&/ 6!0<!6? =0:-  ! / 9969(<! 9'!64!:9( 4460' 9'9 !7!6<!7 %:69'!6 (/<!79(&9(0/R 079 (.4069/9-?O 79: (!7 :7(/& 0.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9(7(/06 !69046!<!/96!/-(/+:6?7!!.90!.079!%%!9(<!='!/9'!9'!64!:9(7 6!74!(%(--? !-(<!6! 909'!7(9!0%0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/R'!6!%06!O=(9'9'!(/6!7!  <(-(-(9?0%/!=0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(7O(9(76:(-90:/6<!-9'!60-!0%0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (/ 9'! !!7!  0/06R 74!(--?O (9 (7 !77!/9(- 90 -!6/ ='!9'!6 0.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9(7 / !  .(/(79!6!  (/ 9'! 0/06 !%06! 06&/ 6!96(!<- 06 (% 96!9.!/9 %9!6 06&/460:6!.!/9(746!%!66! R    . . QSY . 6.

(28) 90

(29) *&(&"'$ "((#" 906 "'" *&(&"'$ "((#" :66!/9-?O .06! 9'/ eRidd -(<!6 96/74-/99(0/7 Z (>[ 6! 4!6%06.!  (/ :604! 4!6 ?!6 Z(&:6!f[R /&!/!6-O (>(70/7( !6! %0649(!/97='('7:%%!6%60.:9!-(<!6%(-:6!O!/ X 79&!-(<!6 (7!7!/ 46(.6?'!49(.-(&//?R 0=!<!6O%9!664( &60=9'O9'!//:- /:.!60% (>'779044! (/6!7(/&0<!69'!-79ed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mdu 0%4-7.0.4-!.!/90.40/!/97/ 70-:-!0.4-!.!/96!&:-9067R9'!69?4!0%!--7 (/-: (/&(..:/!!--7/ !/ 09'!-(-!--7460 :!0.4-!.!/90.40/!/977=!--O:9 9'!(60/96(:9(0/904-7.-!<!-744!690!.(/060.46! 90'!490?9!7R06!0<!6O 7!<!6-0.4-!.!/96!!490676!!>46!77! (/9'!-(<!6P(/-: (/&iOeOgOh/  0.4-!.!/9 6!!4906 (..:/0&-0:-(/7 Z &[R '!7! 0.4-!.!/9 6!!49067 '<! .:-9(4-! %:/9(0/7 0/ (%%!6!/9 !--7 (/ 9'! -(<!6O %60. (/ :(/& 9'! :9! 4'7! 6!740/7! 90 9'! -!6/!0%gX0470/(@! (..:/!0.4-!>!7R ':7O9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(7(/<0-<! (/ .:-9(4-!-(<!6 (7!7!7O7:'796/74-/9X(/ :! (/+:6?R . . QTP .

(31) '!60-!0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(/9'! !!7! -(<!6(7.(/-?(/<!79(&9! (/9'!6(/X !  0/06R!0--! 0 =!6!9'!%(679907'0=0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/(/X !6(<!  -(<!67R /9'(779: ?O697=!6!7:+!9! 906(/ !9'%064!6(0 0%h'0:67R!7:-977'0=!  9'9 -(<!67 %60. 6(/X !  697 '   7(&/(%(/9 (/6!7! (/ g &!/! !>46!77(0/ -!<!-7 0.46!  90 9'! 0/960- &60:4R !>9O 697 =!6! 46!96!9!  =(9' 46! /(70-0/! gd .(/:9!7 !%06! (/ :9(0/ 0% 6(/ !9' 7  4600% 0% 46(/(4-!R 6!96!9.!/9 =(9' 46! /(70-0/! 6!7:-9! (/6! :! 460X(/%-..906?799!O6!%-!9! ?-0=!6.-!<!-70% XeIO XjO Xe /  XHR / 0/9679O &!/! !>46!77(0/ -!<!-7 0% g =!6! :46!&:-9!  (/ 9'! 46! /(70-0/!96!9! 697R // (9(0/-79: ?O!0--! 0 O .(/(79!6! 46! /(70-0/! %9!60/%(6.9(0/0%6(/ !9'90(/<!79(&9!9'!96!9.!/9409!/9(-R&(/O46! /(70-0/! 6! :! 9'!-!<!-70%460X(/%-..906??90,(/!&!/!!>46!77(0/O:9 ( /09(/6!7!/06 !6!7!9'!g!>46!77(0/0.46! 90:/96!9! 697R'!7! (<!6&!/9g!>46!77(0/7%9!6  .(/(7969(0/46! /(70-0/!6!/09%:--?:/ !67900 O:90:- !!>4-(/! ?9'!%99'9 0.4-!.!/9(7(/<0-<! (/-(<!66!&!/!69(0/R0%6O0/-?0/!79: ?(/<!79(&9! 9'!!%%!9 0% 0.4-!.!/9 (/'((9067 0/ 9'! 0/06 -(<!6 5:-(9? !%06! 96/74-/99(0/ Z-! e[R !6&.7'(/( 79: (! 9'!409!/9(-0%eX  96!9.!/9 :6(/&46!7!6<9(0/R06(/! -(<!67=!6!6!.0<! %60. 0/067/ 4!6%:7! =(9'/(<!67(9?0%(70/7(/Z[O=(9'06 =(9'0:9 (9(0/0%eX  O/ 7906! 799(--?9hE%06l'0:67R077!77-(<!6%:/9(0/O -(<!67=!6!7:7!5:!/9-?6!4!6%:7! %06f'0:67=(9'4(&-00 0//!>9606406!-(6:(9R !7:-97 !.0/7969! -!770.4-!.!/99(<9(0/O6!%-!9! ?/06.--!<!-70%0.4-!.!/9 '!.0-?9(9(<(9?/ 7!/!0%g9(<9(0/460 :9(0/(/09'4-7./ 9(77:!99(.! 0% 6!4!6%:7(0/R 064'0-0&(- /-?7(7 0% 9'! -(<!67 7'0=!  7(&/(%(/9-? !6!7!  (/%-..9(0/77'0=/?0/-?.(- (/6!7!(/4069-/ -0:-6(/%-..906?(/%(-969(0/O 0.46!  90 /!609( -!7(0/7 (/ 9'! :/96!9!  &60:4R ,!/ 90&!9'!6O e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g/ iR96!?  7:+!9! gX/ iX !%((!/9.(!90kdu469(-'!49!90.?.0 !-R!%((!/?0% g 06 i -!  90 7(&/(%(/9-? -!77 -(<!6 6!&!/!69(0/O 7 6!%-!9!  ? %9- -(<!6 %(-:6!R !0/79(9:9(0/0%!%%!906.0-!:-!7g/ i6!7:-9! (/'!490?9!460-(%!69(0/O='(' (/ (9!79'9g/ i6!,!?%9067(/6!&!/!69(0/0%'!490?9!7R . QTQ . 6.

(32) '!46!(7!60-!0%0.4-!.!/9X.! (9! -(<!6(/+:6?(/ !!7!  0/067/!! 790! !-:( 9! O :9 79: (!7 0/   7'0=!  / (.4069/9 60-! %06 09' i /  iXm (/ 9'! (/ :9(0/0%-(<!6(/+:6?R

(33) '!7!0/96 (9(<!6!7:-97=(9'6!&6 909'!60-!0%0.4-!.!/9 (/ '!49(     -(<!6 6!&!/!69(0/ !.4'7(@! 9'! /!!  %06  %(/! -/! !9=!!/ 0.4-!.!/99(<9(0// (/'((9(0/R'!6!%06!O(9(7(.4069/990'<!&00 :/ !679/ (/& 0%9'!9=0460!77!7/ 9!79409!/9(-0.4-!.!/9(/'((9067(/09' (7!7!.0 !-7R79: ? 4!6%06.! ? ! !<-:9! 9'!!%%!90%fX66?(/0.(/! .0:7!.0 !-0%909-.  / kdu469(-'!49!90.?RfX66?(7%:7(0/4609!(/9'974!(%(--?96&!979'!7(9!7 0%g9(<9(0/R'(779: ?7'0=79'9fX66?(7-!904609!9&(/79'!49(  -0/!O '0=!<!60.(/9(0/0%  / 469(-'!49!90.?6!7:-9! (/7(&/(%(/9-(<!6 .&!/  %(-:6!906!&!/!69!0.46! 90.(!R'!%(-:6!906!&!/!69!(7460-?6!7:-90% 9'! (/(-(9? 90 &!/!69! 7:%%((!/9 -!<!-7 0% gO i /  iXmO ='(' 6! (.4069/9 0.40/!/97(/-(<!66!&!/!69(0/R (<!/9'!7!07!6<9(0/7OfXim.(&'9!409!/9(- 0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(O!:7!(9(7%:7(0/4609!(/9'9.(&69!7907(9!70%0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ /  74!(%(--? (/'((97 9'! O =(9'0:9 9'! -0,&! 0% 09'!6 0.4-!.!/9 0.40/!/97RfXim=79!79! ?67'-- O(/9'!7.!.0:7!.0 !-0%909-   / kdu469(-'!49!90.?7 !76(! ? ! '!79: ?4!6%06.! ?67'--  O7'0=! 9'9-(<!6796!9! =(9'fXim'<!-!77(/+:6?O/ .06!'!49(6!&!/!69(0/ 9'/0/960-X96!9! .(!RfXim.(!' eddukX ?7:6<(<-69!O='!6!7(/9'!fX 66?X96!9! .(!0/-?hdu7:6<(<! R'!7!6!7:-97(.4-?9'9X(/ :! (/+:6?(.4(67 9'!6!&!/!69(<!6!740/7!0%9'!-(<!6R'!6!%06!O9'!7!79: (!7'(&'-(&'99'!/!! %069(-06X . ! 4460' 90 4609!9 9'! -(<!6 &(/79   /  !/'/! 9'! 6!&!/!69(<! 4(9?R -9'0:&' 0/-?  %!= 79: (!7 6! 4!6%06.! O 9'!? -- 40(/9 90=6 7 9'! (/<0-<!.!/9 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (/ Z !!7! [ 0/06 -(<!67R '! !>9 60-! 0% 0.4-!.!/9 (/ 9'! Z !!7! [ 0/06-(<!6/ (970/7!5:!/!70/-(<!696/74-/9<((-(9?/ 7:6<(<-6!.(/7 :/,/0=/R '!6!%06!O .06! 79: (!7O !74!(--? %0:7!  0/ 9'! 0.4-!.!/9X !4!/ !/9 -/!!9=!!/(/+:6?/ 6!&!/!69(0/(/9'!-(<!6O/!! 90!0/ :9! R    . . QTR .

(34) :0 "('(" (&"'$ "((#" :06 "'" "('(" (&"'$ "((#". /9!79(/-96/74-/99(0/Z >[(79'!-!790..0/%06.0%06&/96/74-/99(0/R'!%(!- 0%. >(77.--=(9'0/-?j >6!4069! (/fdek?:6096/74-/9 /9!6/9(0/-0:/ 9(0/Z(&:6! f[R > (7 (/ (9!  %06 49(!/97 =(9' (/9!79(/- %(-:6! ='0 7:%%!6 %60. -(%!X9'6!9!/(/& 0.4-(9(0/7='!/:7(/&46!/9!6-/:96(9(0/R!74(9!9'! </!7O >(779(--'--!/&(/& 460! :6! :! 90 .:-9(4-! %9067R (679O 9'! (/9!79(/! (7 '(&'-? (..:/0&!/( !:7! (9 0/7(797 0%  -6&! .0:/9 0% -?.4'0(  9(77:!O (/-: (/& 9'! 49'!7 0% !?!6 /  9'! .!7!/9!6(-?.4'/0 !7R!0/ O9'!(/9!79(/!66(!7/!/06.0:79!6(--0 R'!7! '69!6(79(76!9!%(/!-/!!9=!!/9'!.(/9!//!0%90-!6/!90'!-9'?7!-%X 9(77:! /  !-(.(/9(/& (/< (/& 49'0&!/7R 06!0<!6O 9'! (/9!79(/- .:07 (7 !>96!.!-? <:-/!6-! 90 (/+:6?O !74!(--? '?40>( (/+:6?O ='(' (7 /!&9(<!-? 770(9!  =(9' &6%9 0:90.!R76!7:-90%9'!7:7!49((-(9?%06'?40>(OX !6(<! (/9!79(/-&6%976!/09 ?!9 !49!  %06 >R '(7 .,!7 X !6(<!  (/9!79(/!7 9'! 70-! 70:6! %06 (/9!79(/- 96/74-/99(0/R !74(9! .+06 '(!<!.!/97O 7:' 7 (.460<!  (..:/07:446!77(0/O 9'! 4'?7(0-0&(- /06.- 799! (/ 9'! 6(/X !  0/06 79(-- 7(&/(%(/9-? 0.460.(7!7 9'! <((-(9?0%9'!(/9!79(/!R'!6!%06!O(9(70/!6/! 9'9 >(7:/ !6:9(-(@!  :!900.4-!> 49'04'?7(0-0&(-460!77!7/  (%%(:-9(!790( !/9(%?.6,!67%06(/9!79(/-(/+:6?R  :07#!$ !"('-'(!""('(" (&"'$ "((#" 6 -?/?79: (!76!4!6%06.! 90:/6<!-9'!49'04'?7(0-0&(-460!77!7(/9'!(/9!79(/! 0% !!7!  0/067O460-? :!909'!-0=/:.!60% >4!6%06.! 4!6?!6R 0=!<!6O 7! 0/9'!%!=79: (!79'!6!6!O(9(7-(,!-?9'99'! !!7!  0/06799!:7!77(&/(%(/9 -9!69(0/7(/9'!(/9!79(/!/ %%!97(/9!79(/-66(!6%:/9(0/R'! !&6!!0%4!6.!(-(9? -6! ?'/&!7(/6!740/7!90-0=-!<!-0%460X(/%-..906??90,(/!7O='('6!7:-97(/9'! 96/7-09(0/0%(/9!79(/-9!6(R'!(/9!79(/!0/9(/7.(60(- O='('(79'0:&'990 !0/!0%9'!.079409!/99(<90670%9'!0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.R-9'0:&'79: (!7 7'0=! 9'9 %60. (%%!6!/99!6(-796(/7(/9!69(/5:-(99(<!-? (%%!6!/9=?7=(9' 0.4-!.!/9O  %60. &6.X/!&9(<! 9!6( (/ !!  9(<9!7 0.4-!.!/9R  79: ? 4!6%06.! ?

(35) 0: 79- 0/%(6.! 9'!(/<0-<!.!/90% (/9'!6(/X !  0/06? :7(/&6(/ !9'.0 !-%06697R977:+!9! 90h'0:670%6(/ !9'' '(&'!67!6:. -!<!-70% /  X(/ (/&4609!(/Z [O7!<( !/!0%!/ 090>!.(R!7( !7O.&!/! !>46!77(0/ -!<!-7 0%  =!6! 7(&/(%(/9-? '(&'!6 (/ 6(/X !  697 9'/ (/ -(<(/& 0/960-7R 6(/X ! 697' '(&'(/%-..906?799!O6!%-!9! ?9'!7960/&-?!-!<9! -!<!-70% X j/ XeR'!79: ?7'0=7!/'/! (/9!79(/-4!6.!(-(9?(/6(/X ! 697='(' 6!7:-97(/'(&'(..:/0-0&(-6!740/7!R'!07!6<9(0/9'96(/(/+:6?/64( -?(/ :! 7(&/(%(/9 .&!7 90 9'! (/9!79(/! (7 !.0/7969!  ?  79: ? 0% /&    '(7 79: ? (/<!79(&9! 9'!'(79049'0-0&(--9!69(0/70%9'!(/9!79(/-.:07(/697%9!6gXkf'0:67 %0--0=(/& 6(/ (/+:6?R '! (/9!79(/- .:07 =7 -6! ? 7!<!6!-? .&!  %9!6 g '0:67O 6!%-!9! ?7'! (/&/ 404907(70%!4(9'!-(-!--7O.:07-9604'?/ -0770%(/6!7! (/(/9!79(/-4!6.!(-(9?R-7.-!<!-70%!/ 090>(/=!6!407(9(<!-?6!-9! 909'! !&6!!0% . QTS . 6.

(36) (/9!79(/-4!6.!(-(9?R0.46! =(9'9'!0/960-&60:4O!/ 090>(/-!<!-7=!6!7(&/(%(/9-? (/6!7! 9gOef/ fh'0:67=(9'.>(.-4!,9kf'0:67R'!%(6794!,0%!/ 090>(/ -!<!-7O9g'0:67O.(&'9!9'!6!7:-90%:9!&:9.:07- .&! :!90(7'!.(X(/ :!  7?.49'!9( '?4!69(<9(0/R '! 7!0/  4!, 0% 4-7. !/ 090>(/ .(&'9 ! (/ :!  ? .:07- .&! /  (/6!7!  !4(9'!-(- /!607(7O ='(' 0:67 9 kf '0:67R '!9'!6 0.4-!.!/9 (7 9(<9!  (/ 9'! (/9!79(/! 0% 09'  /   0/067 6!.(/7 90 ! !-:( 9! R 0=!<!6O9'!:66!/9%(/ (/&7(/ (9!9'94609!9(0/0%9'!(/9!79(/!(/9'!.:-9(X 06&/ 0/06(7/!!776?O7(/!96/7-09(0/0%(/9!79(/-9!6(/ !/ 090>(/-! 90 7?79!.((/%-..906?6!740/7!7?/ 60.!/ 7!47(7=(9'7:7!5:!/9.:-9(X06&/%(-:6!R

(37)  :69'!66!7!6'/!! 790%0:70/9'!!>960-!0%0.4-!.!/9X.! (9! (/9!79(/-(/+:6? (/ !!7!  0/067R '(7 0:-  /09 0/-? 6!9!  /!= =(/ 0= 0% 044069:/(9? %06 (..:/07:446!77(<!7969!&(!7O:9-70(.460<!9'!-(/(-7:!770% >R    . . QTT .

(38) ;0 &((&"'$ "((#" ;06 "'"&((&"'$ "((#" '!9!'/(5:!%06'!6996/74-/99(0/Z >[=7-6! ? !<!-04! (/emjkR!<!69'!-!77O (9900,.06!9'/ ! !!%06!(..:/07:446!77(<!96!9.!/97969!&(!7(.460<! 9'(7 9!'/(5:!907:'/!>9!/9O9'9 >!.!9'!&0- 79/ 6 96!9.!/9%06!/ X79&!'!69 (7!7!7R  / fdekO ihl '!69 96/74-/97 =!6! 4!6%06.!  (/ :604!O 7 6!&(79!6!  ? 9'! :6096/74-/9 /9!6/9(0/- 0:/ 9(0/ Z(&:6! f[R 09' /0/X(7'!.( /  (7'!.( 6 (0.?049'? 6! 9'! :/ !6-?(/& (&/07!7 6!740/7(-! %06 0<!6 ldu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yii?!670- O446046(9!'!.0 ?/.(7 /  -(.(9!  (/09604( 7:44069 6! !>.4-!7 0% 7!-!9(0/ 6(9!6( 9'9 (.4! ! 7:(9(-(9?R 0 (/0    7'0=!  9'9 '!.0 ?/.( ?7%:/9(0/ 6!46!7!/9!  9'! .+06 :7! %06 :/7:(9(-(9?0%'!69 0/067O0.4-(9(0/9'90:67%6!5:!/9-?(/6(/X !  0/067R / 9!6.7 0% (..:/0-0&?O !>4!6(.!/9- 96/74-/99(0/ .0 !-7 '<! 7'0=/ 9'9 '!697 '<! (%%!6!/!7(/6!+!9(0/499!6/70.46! 90 0.(/-06&/77:'7,( /!?7/ -(<!67O ='('6!7:-97(/'(&'!66!+!9(0/69!7R '!7!06&/X74!(%( (%%!6!/!7(/(..:/0-0&?.(&'9 0/96(:9! 90 9'! (%%!6!/!7 7!!/ (/ &6%9X7:6<(<- 69!7 !9=!!/ 06&/7 (/ ':./ 96/74-/99(0/R%(.4069/!O7(/!9'!(..:/0-0&(--?9(<!799!0%9'!06&/-6! ? 0..!/!7 (/ 9'! 0/06R '!  0/06 '7 7'0=/ 90 !>!69! 4079X96/74-/99(0/ 6 (  O(/='('9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!..(&'94-?,!?60-!R  ;07#!$ !"('-'(!"&((&"'$ "((#" '!60-!0%9'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(/9'! !!7! '!69 0/06'70/-?!!/79: (! (/ 0/9(0/O='('6(7!75:!79(0/7%06(/<0-<!.!/9(/ 0/9(0/R/!>4!6(.!/9-.0:7! 79: ?4!6%06.! ?9,(/70/ 7'0=! (/6!7! -0-0.4-!.!/9g  !407(9(0/(/9'! '!69%9!66(/ !9'Rg  !407(9(0/=746(.6(-?7!!/(/9'!<7:-6!/ 09'!-(:./  . QTU . 6.

(39) 7:660:/ (/&.?0?9!7/ (/7(&/(%(/9-?'(&'!6.0:/99'/(/&6%97%60.7'.X04!69!  .(!R /  (9(0/O 9'! 79: ? !.0/7969!  9'9 7!/! 0% g 6! :!  6 ( .&!O 6!%-!9!  ? -!77 !/ 09'!-(- 7=!--(/& /  -0=!6 7!6:. -!<!-7 0% 6 ( 96040/(/ R -70O 7(&/(%(/9-?-!77-!:,0?9!7(/%(-969! 9'!'!699(77:!/ &!/!!>46!77(0/0% XeO XeIO X7!-!9(/OXH/ Xe=!6!6! :! :40/6(/ !9'R /06 !690(/<!79(&9!='!9'!6 9'!64!:9(--?96&!9(/&g=0:-  (.(/(7'6(/ !9'X(/ :! 6 ( .&!7=!--O.(! =!6! 96!9!  =(9' fX66? %9!6 6!!(<(/&  -(<(/&X 06 X !6(<!  '!69R fX66? (7  0.4-!.!/9 (/'((906O 9'9 96&!97 g 74-(9 460 :97 ? (/ (/& -0- g !407(97R 40/ 96!9.!/9=(9'fX66?O6!(4(!/97='06!!(<! X !6(<!  0/06'!6977'0=! 6! :!  6 ( 96040/(/  -!<!-7 /  -0=!6 '(790-0&(- (/+:6? 706!7O 7(.(-6 90 -!<!-7 0% -(<(/& 96/74-/9!  '!697R '!6!?O fX66? 96!9.!/9 (.(/(7'!  /!:9604'(- /  .604'&! (/%(-969(0// 460-0/&! --0&6%97:6<(<-0%'!697:40/6(/ !9'0.46! 90:/96!9!  0/960-7R  7! 0/9'!7!79: (!7O(9(77:&&!79! 9'90.4-!.!/9(/'((906?7969!&(!744-(!  909'! !!7!  0/06.?460<( !4609!9(0/0%9'!'!69&6%9Z-!e[R07!!='!9'!69'! 6!7:-97 7!!/ (/ 60 !/9 .0 !-7 6! -(/(--? 6!-!</9O 9,(/70/    /-?@!  0.4-!.!/9 !407(9(0/(/':./'!69(047(!7%60.-(<(/&/ 6(/X !  0/067R'!':./(047(!7 9,!/%60.6(/X !  0/0677'0=! g 0.4-!.!/9 !407(9(0// (/%-..9(0/(/-- &6%97O 0.46!  90 .(/(.- g  !407(9(0/ (/ (047(!7 %60. -(<(/& 0/06 '!697R '! 0.4-!.!/9 79(/(/& 499!6/7 (/ ':./ '!697 !.0/7969! 9'9 0.4-!.!/9 9(<9(0/ -6! ? 0:67 :6(/& 6(/ !9'O (/ !4!/ !/9-? %60. 9'! (7'!.(X6!4!6%:7(0/ 4'7!R 0=!<!6O 9'! 0/96(:9(0/ 0% !' 9(<9(0/ 49'=? 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. (/ 6(/ !9'X(/ :! '!69(/+:6?(7/09%:--?,/0=/R'!.(&'9!(/<0-<! O7(/! &0.4-!>!7 7'0=7(.(-6 (796(:9(0/499!6/777!!/%06g 79(/(/&(/.:6(/!X !6(<! '!697R / ':./ '!69 (047(!7 %60. 09' 6(/X !  /  -(<(/& 0/067 79(/!  %06 h O idu 0% 9'! 7!77'0=! h  !407(9(0/(/(047(!7%60.6(/X !  0/067R /0/9679O(047(!7%60. -(<(/& 0/0677'0=! /0h  !407(9(0/9--O='('7:&&!797409!/9(-60-!%069'!(/ 6(/ !9'X(/ :! '!69(/+:6?R'!9'!69'!09'!60.4-!.!/99(<9(0/49'=?76! (/<0-<!  7 =!-- /!! 7 90 ! %:69'!6 !-:( 9! R :69'!6.06!O 9'! 60-! 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!.(/'!69 0/9(0/6!5:(6!7 (9(0/-99!/9(0/R'/& (/<!79(&9! 9'!60-! 0%/9:6-(..:/0&-0:-(/7(/.0 !-%06.?06 (-=6.  / 6!<!-! 9'946!X!>(79(/&. &T7O ='(' 6!0&/(@! S(7'!.( /9(&!/7TO 6! 9'! .(/ (/(9(906 0% 49'0-0&? 9'60:&' 9(<9(0/ 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!.R

(40)  !&6 (/& <6(-! =6.X(7'!.( 9(.!7 (/  0/067O9'(7.(&'9!/(/9!6!79(/&%(!- 0%%:9:6!6!7!6'R    . . QTV .

(41) <0

(42) )"(&"'$ "((#" <06 "'" )"(&"'$ "((#". / fdekO eRfgg -:/& 96/74-/97 '<! !!/ 4!6%06.!  (/ :604!O 7 6!&(79!6!  ? 9'! :6096/74-/9 /9!6/9(0/- 0:/ 9(0/ Z(&:6! f[R '! .079 (.4069/9 (/ (9(0/7 %06 (-9!6--:/&96/74-/99(0/Z :>[6!'60/(0796:9(<!4:-.0/6? (7!7!Z[O?79( %(607(7Z[O(/9!679(9(-4:-.0/6?%(607(7Z [/ 46(.6?4:-.0/6?69!6(-'?4!69!/7(0/ Z [R -9'0:&'9'!/:.!60% :>(7.:'-0=!69'/9'!/:.!670% 0.(/-06&/7 96/74-/9! O 0/067'069&!(7/(.4069/9(77:!(/ :>7=!--R'(707!6<9(0/(7.(/-? 9'!6!7:-90%-0=!6:9(-(@9(0/69!0% 0/06-:/&7%9!6460:6!.!/9R06!9'/kdu0%9'! 0/06-(<!67/ ,( /!?76!460:6! / :7! %0696/74-/99(0/O='(-!0/-?fdu0%9'! 460:6!  -:/&7 6! 7:(9-! %06 96/74-/99(0/R :/& (/+:6? (7 / (.4069/9 6!70/ %06 !>-: (/& 0/06-:/&7%0696/74-/99(0// (7:7! ?9'!460!770% 0/06 !9'/  0.4-(9(0/799'!(/9!/7(<!X6!:/(9R 079 0/06-:/&76!460:6! %60.6(/X !  0/067O(/='('9'!460!770%6(/ !9'-! 790(/%-..9(0// 4!6(4(--6?-!,&!O6!7:-9(/&(/4:-.0/6?! !.R'07! .!'/(7.70%(/+:6?.,!9'!-:/&.06!7:7!49(-!90  / 6!7:-9(/&6%97:6<(<-69!7 0%0/-?ihu%9!6i?!67R99!.497'<!!!/. !90!/-6&!9'! 0/06400-O%06!>.4-! ?9'!:7!0%%60.g 0/067O:7&!0%!>9!/ ! 6(9!6( 0/067O-(<(/&X 0/06-06-:/& 96/74-/99(0/O/ 44-(9(0/0%9'!9!'/(5:!0%

(43) -:/&4!6%:7(0/Z [R0 %6O 9'07! 99!.497 '<! !.0/7969!  7(.(-6 0:90.!7 0/ &6%9 7:6<(<- 0.46!  90 79/ 6 X !6(<!  0/06-:/&7R

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im 4609!(/ 7(/&-! /:-!09( ! 40-?.064'(7. Z[ 0/%(&:69(0/O '   '(&'!6 6(7, %06 '60/( 6!+!9(0/ %9!6 :>R/ !6/06.-(6:.79/!7im9776!&:-906?4609!(/O='('7:446!77!7 %06.9(0/?-0,(/&0/90l0%9'!iXl0.4-!>!7O9'!6!?46!<!/9(/&9'!6!6:(9.!/90% m(/909'!0.4-!>R'!46!7!/!0%im0/%(&:69(0/%%!97im!>46!77(0//  7!/7(9(<(9? 90 0.4-!.!/9X.! (9!  !-- -?7(7O ='(' (/6!7!7 9'! 6(7, %06 6!+!9(0/ (/ 6!(4(!/97='06!!(<!im 0/06-:/&R'!7!6!7:-977:&&!799'9iXm(7(/<0-<!  . QTW . 6.

(45) (/ 0/06X6!-9!  -:/& (/+:6?R 0=!<!6O 0/7( !6(/& 9'! (6!9 !%%!97 0% 0.4-!.!/9 74-(9X 460 :97 -(,! g /  i 460 :!  (/ 9'! !6-(!6 79!47 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!.O 9'! 5:!79(0/(76(7! ='!9'!66!&:-906?4609!(/70%9'!9!6.(/-49'=?7'0:- !9'!96&!9 0%(/9!6!79R /-:/&7Oi/ gO'<!7'0=/90(/ :!:9!4:-.0/6?(/+:6??0/796(9(0/ 0%7.009'.:7-!=--7(/60/'(0-!7/ 4:-.0/6?69!6(!7O/ :7!%0-9!-!97(7R g4-7.-!<!-7'<! (9(0/--?!!/ !76(! 90!770(9! =(9'-9!6 !<!-04.!/9 0%:9!6!74(6906? (796!777?/ 60.!Z[(/40-?96:.49(!/97R:69'!6.06!Og/  i6! !76(! 909969/ 9(<9!/!:9604'(-7R%(.4069/!O7(/!9'!.0:/90% 6!6:(9!  /  (/%(-969!  /!:9604'(-7 6! 770(9!  =(9' &6%9 7:6<(<- %9!6 :>R '! !/!%((-!%%!90%96&!9(/&9'! 0/06-:/&0/9'!-!<!-0%g'7!!/ !.0/7969! ? '!/& (/.0:7!.0 !-%06 :>Z-!e[R(679O9'!79: ?0/%(6.! 9'99'!460!77 0% 6(/ !9' (/ :!7 -:/& (/+:6?R 9'0-0&? -:/& (/+:6? 706!7 !>.(/(/& 0/&!79(0/O '!.066'&! /  (/%-..9(0/O =!6! 7(&/(%(/9-? (/6!7! R !0/ -?O 9'! /:.!6 0% (/%(-969! /!:9604'(-7/ .604'&!7=!6!!-!<9! (/6(/X ! .(!0.46! 9009' 7'.X04!69! .(!/ -(<(/& 0/06.(!R:69'!6.06!O7(&/(%(/9!-!<9! !>46!77(0/0% 0.4-!.!/96!!4906gZg[(/6(/X !  0/06-:/&7=7%0:/ R'!g=7.(/-? !>46!77! 0/60/'(-/ !4(9'!-(-!--7/ -:/&!/ 09'!-(:.R'!6!%9!6O96&!9(/&9'! g=(9'/!:-(@! 0.4-!.!/9g6!!4906/9&0/(79=79!79! (/.0:7!.0 !-0% :>R!(4(!/970%:/96!9! X !6(<! -:/&77'0=! &&6<9!   / :9!6!+!9(0/ &6 !7O ='(' =7 .!-(069!  %9!6 96!9.!/9 =(9' 9'! g /9&0/(79R   /  :9! 6!+!9(0/&6 !7=!6!!<!/6!9:6/! 90-!<!-777!!/%9!6-(<(/&X 0/06 :>R !74(9!9'!-(.(9! .0:/90%6!7!6'4!6%06.! 0/9'!904(0%X6!-9! -:/& (/+:6?O(9(77:&&!79! 9'99'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.(7-6! ?(/<0-<! %60.9'!%(67979!40% 9'!460!77O/.!-?9'! 0/06R%469(:-6(/9!6!79O&(<!/9'!07!6<9(0/9'9-:/&7-0--? 460 :!0.4-!.!/94609!(/7R:-.0/6?-<!0-69?4!. !4(9'!-(-!--7&!/!69!4609!(/70% 9'!/ O(/469(:-6fOgOhOi/ %906R!7( !79'9O':./60/'(0-6 !4(9'!-(- !--7 6! -! 90 7?/9'!7(@! gR

(46)

(47)  0=!<!6O -(9!69:6! 0/ 9'! .!'/(7.7 0% 9'! 0.4-!.!/97?79!.(/9'!-:/& 0/06/ 9'!0/96(:9(0/0%-0-0.4-!.!/9460 :9(0/ (/9'(749'04'?7(0-0&?(776!R'('74!(%(49'=?7'0:- !9'!96&!90%(/9!6!79O/  (% 96!9.!/9 %0:7!  0/ 9'07! 0.40/!/97 =(-- -!  90 (.460<!  &6%9 7:6<(<- =(9'0:9 0.460.(7!  !%!/7!.!'/(7.7&(/7949'0&!/7O/!! 790!%:69'!6(/<!79(&9! R  . . QTX .

(48)  #?7  -)- .&+&$'#$%++)+*&)+)',+ *+*+ %+&)%&%&)')&)%4')+0'& &%&)        )% ' * &%&)+0' %&"9&,+&)+)+$%+ +,0 )+ %!,)0  

(49) %0 2  0Q  a    QF$+#$$2,/  a   ,+F#3*+  QF$+#$$2,/  +(+,5+ -/$*2       3*+  QF$+#$$2,/ PRTSUWSR 3+(+,5+

(50) -) ,+. %+*+ % )+. ,+ ,30. .  . S RF//7.  .  . a a. 

(51) ,% ,30  S  a. +)30$,+ /$2/$ 5/A HQI )) +$*) + #3*+ *,)0? 202$+" HRI ,*-)*+2 2/"20 ,/ 2#/-32$0 --)$$+2#,/"+,+,/,/3/$+"-/0/42$,+?5$2#HSI2#,+,/$+'3/7*#+$0*02/"2,!$+2/02 H   ? IB 6)3 / 023$0 $+ 5#$# ,*-)*+2 2/"20 ,/ 2#/-32$0 5/ 202 $+   ,/ /'2$,+ 0 *#+$0*0 ,! $+'3/7B 3 "/!2 $+'3/7 HaI + +, 2 4$)) 72 H3+(+,5+IB /4$2$,+0A0Q?0,)3),*-)*+2/-2,/Q@R?,*-)*+2/-2,/R@//7?,*-)*+2/-2,/ QF/)2"+E-/,2$+7@?62+/$2/$,+,/@?,+2$,+!2//$+2#B.   . . . QTY . 6.

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j9(.!7(/fdekO76!&(79!6! ?9'!:6096/74-/9 /9!6/9(0/-0:/ 9(0/ Z(&:6!f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

(53) 4!6%:7(0/7?79!.7R6(0:77969!&(!7(/  

(54)  4!6%:7(0/ 6! !(/& 469(!  7:' 7 (%%!6!/9 4!6%:7(0/ 70-:9(0/7 /  4!6%:7(0/ 9!.4!69:6!7R !<!69'!-!77O(/--

(55) 4!6%:7(0/7969!&(!7-00 %-0=9'60:&'9'!06&/ (7 .(.(,! O 9'!6!? 6! :(/& (7'!.( 9(.!7R !7( !7O 0>?&!/ /  09'!6  (9(<!7 / ! 7:44-!.!/9! 909'!4!6%:79!70-:9(0/(/06 !69046!7!6<!06(.460<!9'!5:-(9?0%9'! 06&/O='('460<( !7044069:/(9(!7%060.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(77=!--R /-:/&7O!<!/ 

(56) (/'-9(0/0%9'!64!:9(7/!0/7( !6! 760:9!0% .(/(7969(0/R/(.4069/9 !/!%(90%96!9(/&9'!06&/(//(70-9! .//!6(79'9-0=!696!9.!/9 07!.(&'9! . QUP .

(57) 6!5:(6! O !74!(--? (/ (/ 06&/7 =(9' -(99-! .!90-( 9(<(9?R '(7 .(&'9 -0=!6 0797 0% 0.4-!.!/9X96&!9! 9'!64(!7R 0=!<!6O-(99-!(7,/0=/0:99'!4460'0%96!9.!/9 :6(/&46!7!6<9(0/O!74!(--?6!&6 (/&9'!!%%!90%96!9.!/90/ 0/06X6!-9! (/+:6?R'! %!=!>4!6(.!/9-79: (!79'9'<!!!/4!6%06.! '<!.(/-?%0:7! 0/46!<!/9(/&06 (.(/(7'(/&  O?96!9(/&:/'6.! OS'!-9'?T06&/7=(9'0.4-!.!/9(/'((9067 :6(/&9'! 46!7!6<9(0/4'7!R

(58) '!6!%06!O9'!5:!79(0/='!9'!6(/'((9(/&0.4-!.!/9 :6(/&9'! 46!7!6<9(0/ 4'7! '7 / !%%!9 0/ !!7!  0/06X6!-9!  (/+:6? 7 =!--O 7'0:-  79(-- ! (/<!79(&9! R :69'!6.06!O (9 7'0:-  ! 0/7( !6!  9'9 9'! 0.4-!.!/9 7?79!. .(&'9 ! 9(<9! ?(/9!69(0/=(9'%06!(&/.9!6(-7R

(59)  (/--?O 96!9.!/9 0% 9'! 06&/ %9!6 (.4-!.!/99(0/ (/ 9'! 6!(4(!/9 7'0:-  ! 0/7( !6! 74077(-!9(.(/&0% 6:& !-(<!6?R 97'0:- !!.4'7(@! 9'9 0/06X6!-9!  &6%9(/+:6?(7.4-(%(! ?9'!(/!<(9-!!<!/90%  R!/!%((-!%%!970%96!9.!/944-(!  (/9'!06&/ 0/06069'!(70-9! &6%9.(&'9/090<!69'(77!0/ X'(90%(/+:6?O0:66(/&(/ 9'!-99!64'7!0%9'!96/74-/99(0/460!77R44-(9(0/0%0.4-!.!/9X9'!64!:9(7(/ 9'!6!(4(!/9.(&'99,-!9'(7(77:!O7 !.0/7969! ?!666!770 (/69.0 !-%06 >R'!?7'0=! 9'996!9.!/90%9'!6!(4(!/9=(9'/9(Xi9'!64?46(06906!4!6%:7(0/O 46!<!/9!   X(/ :!  &6%9 (/+:6?R

(60)  !<!69'!-!77O 4077(-!  <!67! 7( ! !%%!97 0% 0.4-!.!/99'!64!:9(7(/9'!6!(4(!/9/!! 90!!-:( 9! !%06!(.4-!.!/99(0/(/9'! -(/(7R(/--?O(9/!0/7( !6! 900.(/!.:-9(4-!9(.!40(/970% 6:& !-(<!6?O0%='(' 9'!/!9!%%!97/!! 90!%:69'!679: (! R /09'!6://7=!6! 5:!79(0/(79'!96/7-9(-(9?0%6!7:-97%60.0/!06&/O9009'!6 06&/7?79!.7R74!(--?7(/!.079,/0=-! &!0/9'!(/<0-<!.!/90%0.4-!.!/9(7&(/!  %60.6!7!6'(/ !!7!  0/06,( /!?7O(9(75:!79(0/! ='!9'!69'07!%(/ (/&744-?90 09'!6 06&/7 7 =!--R / 06 !6 90 /7=!6 9'(7O .06! 79: (!7 6! /!! !  9'9 %0:7 0/ :/6<!--(/&9'!.!'/(7.70%0.4-!.!/99(<9(0/O74!(%(--?4!606&//  0/069?4!R 74!(--?O &(<!/ 9'! 4'?7(0-0&(- (77(.(-6(9(!7 !9=!!/ 06&/7 /  9'! (%%!6!/!7 (/ .!'/(7.70%49'04'?7(0-0&?!9=!!//  0/067R'!60-!0%9'!0.4-!.!/9 7?79!.'7!!/:/ !6!>407! .079-?(/ 0/9(0/%9!6(6:-906? !9'R!99'(7=(--!0% &60=(/&(.4069/!O7(/! 0/0676!(/6!7(/&-? !4-0?! (//99!.4990!>4/ 9'! 0/06400-R    . . QUQ . 6.

(61) >0#" )'#". /0/-:7(0/O(9'7!0.!!<( !/99'99'!0.4-!.!/97?79!.4-?7/(.4069/960-!(/ 9'! 0/06O%%!9(/&--409!/9(- 0/0606&/7R0/7=!69'!5:!79(0/='!9'!60.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9(77'0:- !-(/(--?44-(! (/9'!.:-9(X06&/ 0/06O7!<!6-:/!69(/9(!7/!!  90 ! !-:( 9!  %(679R '!7! :/!69(/9(!7 (/-: ! 9'! 9(.(/&O 60:9! 0% 6:& !-(<!6? /  049(.- 96&!9 0% 0.4-!.!/9 9'!64!:9(7O 0.4-(9!  ? (77(.(-6(9(!7 (/ 9'! 49'04'?7(0-0&?0%06&/7/  (%%!6!/!7!9=!!/ 0/069?4!7R9(-06X. !4460'%06 !' 0/0606&/(74:67:! O(.(/&90(.460<!9'!5:-(9?0% 0/06&6%979'94077(-?-! 7 90/!/-6&!.!/90%9'! 0/06400-/ (.460<! 0:90.!7%9!696/74-/99(0/R  . . QUR .

(62) &"' ^J _J `J aJ bJ cJ dJ eJ fJ ^]J ^^J ^_J ^`J ^aJ ^bJ ^cJ ^dJ ^eJ ^fJ _]J _^J . . :("79G"97"/,1G-/ G1.1=G1!7(&:"A JG:--"7 J7&/57"8"7=9(1/I:77"/9 1/ "598/!/">8979"&("8%179'"/"?9!" !"J(%)+) $&*('/J_]^^H`eU_VI^_bQ^a_J !1(I^]J^^bfN]]]`_d]`` 7,"7G7,.// J (8917( -="7=(">1%7/85-/99(1/J&#'( % (()'*J _]^`H`UaVI]^afddJ!1(I^]J^^]^N 8'5"785" 9J]^afdd 1G+1J'"-5'"981:51%,(!/"@97/85-/99(1/IGGQ:/!."/9-8%179'" 57 9( (/&/"5'71-1&(89J# % $&'(&#J_]]fHaU^^VI^e_dQ^e`^J!1(I^]J__^bN J]__d]a]f 18G ":="/(/, G/117 G-1"& J

(63) (!/"@&7%98%71.7(/!"!!1/178I /%"7(176:-(9@17 155179:/(9@%17(.571="."/9F

(64) %/ %*J_]]dHd_UdVIdfdQe]bJ!1(I^]J^]`eN8+J,(Jb]]_a]] ../ G-1,8G'G"9-J @51?(/!1.5-"."/9Q/!Q1&:-9(1/9'>@8(/9'" " "8"!7&/1/1789'"+177&"9%17 /9"7="/9(1/91 .571=""/---1&7%9:9 1."J (%)'#%** &%J_]^bHffUcVI^_f`Q^`]]J!1(I^]J^]fdNJ]]]]]]]]]]]]]b]] 1+!G9>( ,(G/!-"

(65) G"9-J

Referenties

GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Complement modulation to improve donor organ quality Jager, Neeltina Margaretha DOI: 10.33612/diss.172538846 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's

Poppelaars F*, Hempel JC*, Gaya da Costa M, Franssen CF, de Vlaam TP, Daha MR, Berger SP, Seelen MA, Gaillard CA. Strong predictive value of mannose-binding lectin levels

M a.: Local renal complement C3 induction by donor brain death is associated with reduced renal allograft function after transplantation. Damman J, Schuurs TA, Ploeg RJ, Seelen