Ontwerp Structuurvisie Bergen aan Zee

Hele tekst

(1)Struc tuur visie B e rg e n a a n Ze e. Ontwerp.

(2)

(3) Structuurvisie Bergen aan Zee PDDUW.

(4)

(5) Inhoud 1.0. Inleiding. 07. 2.0 . Analyse +LVWRULH 5XLPWHOLMNHNZDOLWHLW )XQFWLHV %HODQJULMNVWHNDGHUVHQUDQGYRRUZDDUGHQ. . 09 . 3.0 . Trends en ontwikkeling $OJHPHQHWUHQGVHQLPSDFWRSUHJLRQDDOHQORNDDOQLYHDX .ULPSYHUJULM]LQJHQRQWJURHQLQJ 0RELOLWHLW 'LJLWDOLVHULQJ (QHUJLHHQNOLPDDW 6SHFLÀHNHRQWZLNNHOLQJHQRSKHWJHELHGYDQWRHULVPHHQUHFUHDWLH . 25 . 4.0 5.0. Visie 9DQWUHQGVQDDUYLVLH 3URÀOHULQJ ,QVSHOHQRSRQWJURHQLQJHQYHUJULM]LQJ $DQGDFKWYRRUYHLOLJKHLGSDUNHUHQHQEHUHLNEDDUKHLG %HQXWWHQYDQGLJLWDOHYRRU]LHQLQJHQ $DQGDFKWYRRUGXXU]DDPKHLG :DWLVKHWSURÀHOYRRU%HUJHQDDQ=HH 'RHOVWHOOLQJHQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHLQ 5XLPWHHQLGHQWLWHLW /LJJLQJLQKHWODQGVFKDS 6WHGHQERXZNXQGLJHRS]HW 2SHQEDUHUXLPWH :RQHQHQYRRU]LHQLQJHQ :HUNHQUHFUHDWLHHQWRHULVPH 9HUNHHUSDUNHUHQHQRSHQEDDUYHUYRHU 'XXU]DDPKHLG . 29 . . . . . . Uitvoering. 41. Bijlagen. 43.

(6) H. . L. XO HM. LJH FKW LH D U U WS G Q HUJ KH QX % XLW KLHU HW ]R·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¶V R W GDD WRWDD N Q HQ H N YR DJ OHN JH WUH LQG GG RRN HHQS R L Q p P N Q XN RRN FDI RR /H YD V DQ D DQ OOLQJ QHUL J D H H J ZH :H RRQVW NDQ HQ O W Q D D WHQ UMHL HP D DOO ZD V Q QR YD V I H /L RNH VH M W H *UR Q=. DD HQ. .

(7) . 1.0 Inleiding :DW LV %HUJHQ DDQ =HH LQ " 'H]H VWUXFWXXUYLVLH JDDW GDDURYHU 2YHU HHQ. 'HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHLVDOVYROJWWRWVWDQGJHNRPHQ. NOHLQVFKDOLJH H[FOXVLHYH IDPLOLHEDGSODDWV LQJHEHG LQ HQ YHUERQGHQ PHW GH. VWDUWPHWHHQGRUSVZDQGHOLQJGRRU%HUJHQDDQ=HHVDPHQPHWGH6WLFKWLQJ. QDWXXUHQEHNHQGYDQZHJHNXQVWHQFXOWXXU(HQZRRQSODDWVHQHHQSODDWVRP WH EH]RHNHQ 9RRU ZLH UXVW ]RHNW QDWXXU ZLO ]LHQ RP GXXU]DDPKHLG JHHIW YHUWLHU]RHNWYRRU]LMQJH]LQRSHHQDDQJHQDPHSOHNZDDUMHNXQWRQWKDDVWHQ HQZDDUORNDOHLGHQWLWHLWGHERYHQWRRQYRHUW 'H]H VWUXFWXXUYLVLH LV HHQ YLVLH JHULFKW RS YHUVWHUNLQJ YDQ GH UXLPWHOLMNH NZDOLWHLWRSHHQNUDFKWLJHEDQGPHWGH]HHHQKHWVWUDQGRSEHUHLNEDDUKHLG. %HUJHQDDQ=HHHQGH'RUSVUDDG%HUJHQDDQ=HH. SUHVHQWDWLHHQJHVSUHNRYHUGHDQDO\VHPHWGH6WLFKWLQJ%HUJHQDDQ=HHGH 'RUSVUDDG%HUJHQDDQ=HHHQKHWGRUS

(8). RSVWHOOHQYDQGHFRQFHSWVWUXFWXXUYLVLH ELMHHQNRPVWPHWRQGHUQHPHUVRYHUKHWGRUSVKDUW

(9) SUHVHQWDWLH HQ JHVSUHN RYHU GH FRQFHSW VWUXFWXXUYLVLH PHW GH 6WLFKWLQJ %HUJHQDDQ=HHGH'RUSVUDDG%HUJHQDDQ=HHHQKHWGRUS

(10). HQWRHJDQNHOLMNKHLGRSFRPIRUWHQYHLOLJKHLGHQYRRU]LHQLQJHQJHULFKWRSHHQ XQLHNHHUYDULQJGLHMHVSHFLÀ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À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

(11) %HUJHQDDQ=HH . %HUJHQDDQ=HH.

(12) 2.0 Analyse +LVWRULH . %HUJHQ DDQ =HH LV QRJ PDDU UHODWLHI NRUW JHOHGHQ RQWVWDDQ 'H EDGSODDWV ZHUGDDQKHWEHJLQYDQGHHHHXZJHVWLFKWGRRUGHIDPLOLHYDQ5HHQHQ(U ZHUGHHQZHJDDQJHOHJGHQHHQWUDPEDDQWHURQWVOXLWLQJ'HIDPLOLHQDPGH EHNHQGH ODQGVFKDSVDUFKLWHFW 6SULQJHU LQ GH DUP RP HHQ RQWZHUS WH PDNHQ 'HGRRU6SULQJHUJHKDQWHHUGH(QJHOVHODQGVFKDSVVWLMOLVGXLGHOLMNDÁHHVEDDULQ GHRS]HWYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH.HQPHUNHQG]LMQGDDULQGHPHDQGHUHQGHSDGHQ HQGHYLOOD·VJHVLWXHHUGLQGHQDWXXU2RNGHEHNHQGHDUFKLWHFW%HUODJHLVELM KHWRQWVWDDQYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHEHWURNNHQJHZHHVW+LMWHNHQGHHHQFRPSDFW FHQWUXP PDDU OLHW KHW RQWZHUS YDQ 6SULQJHU YRRU KHW RYHULJH LQWDFW 6OHFKWV HHQGHHOYDQGHSODQQHQYDQ%HUODJHQDPHOLMNDDQKHWZHVWHOLMNHXLWHLQGHYDQ GH=HHZHJLVWRWXLWYRHULQJJHNRPHQ. 3DUQDVVLDSDUN. =RRQWVWRQGHHQEDGSODDWVPHWHHQFRPSDFWKDUWGDDUZDDUGH=HHZHJOHLGGH QDDUGHNXVW(Q]RRQWVWRQGHQDDQZHHUV]LMGHQYDQGH=HHZHJYOHXJHOVZDDU ZHJHQPHWGDDUODQJVYLOOD·VLQHQRPGHQDWXXUZHUGHQJHOHJG'RRUGH]HRS]HW RQWVWRQGHQGHELM]RQGHUZDDUGHYROOHNHQPHUNHQYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHGHWZHH JURHQHHQFODYHVKHW(QJHOVH9HOGDDQGHQRRUG]LMGHHQKHWPHHUV\PPHWULVFK RSJH]HWWH3DUQDVVLDSDUNDDQGH]XLGNDQWPHWGDDURPKHHQGHEHERXZLQJ %LM]RQGHU]LMQYRRUWVGHLQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHJHERXZGHNRORQLHKXL]HQZDDUYDQGH HHUVWHLQZHUGJHUHDOLVHHUGGRRUKHW$PVWHUGDPVH%XUJHUZHHVKXLVHQRRN KHWIUDDLH9UHGHVNHUNMHGDWGRRUPHYURXZYDQ5HHQHQZHUGRSJHULFKW%HLGH JHERXZHQVWDDQRSHHQYRRUQDPHSODDWVDDQGHNRSYDQHHQZHJHQJHYOLMGLQ GHQDWXXU. 6WDWLRQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH .

(13) %HUJHQDDQ=HH . %HUJHQDDQ=HH.

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·VJHERXZGURQGKHW3DUQDVVLDSDUNHQKHW(QJHOVH9HOGHQRRN DDQGHERXOHYDUGHQDDQGH=HHZHJYHUOHQJWKHWOLQW]LFK1LHXZHVWUXFWXUHQ RQWVWDDQDDQGHZHVWUDQGYDQKHW(QJHOVH9HOGDFKWHUGH(O]HQODDQHQDDQGH RRVWNDQWYDQKHW3DUQDVVLDSDUN 1LHW]LFKWEDDURSGHNDDUWHQPDDU]HNHUHHQEHODQJULMNHRQWZLNNHOLQJLQGH]H SHULRGHLVGHHQRUPHJURHLYDQKHWDDQWDOEH]RHNHUV'HSRSXODULWHLWYDQGH NXVWLQFRPELQDWLHPHWKHWDXWREH]LWHQGHWRHQHPHQGHYULMHWLMGOHLGGHWRW HHQHQRUPHYHUNHHUVWRHQDPHHQUXLPWHJHEUXLNYRRUKHWSDUNHUHQYDQDXWR·V. %HUJHQDDQ=HH .

(15) .ZDOLWHLWHQ. :DDUGHYROOHQDWXXUHQZDDUGHYROODQGVFKDS. +DUWRSGHMXLVWHSOHN. 6FKDDOEHERXZLQJLQYOHXJHOVHQOLJJLQJLQQDWXXU. *URHQHHQFODYHV(QJHOVHYHOGHQ3DUQDVVLDSDUN. =LFKWOLMQHQ. 0RQXPHQWHQ. =LFKWUHODWLHV. .ZDOLWHLWRSULMODDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH .

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·VDDQPHDQGHUHQGHZHJHQYULMVWDDQGLQ ppQWRWWZHHERXZODJHQHQJHOHJHQLQHQURQGGHQDWXXU. =LFKWOLMQHQYDQDIGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWHRSGHJURHQHHQFODYHV 'HORFDWLHYDQKHWGRUSVKDUWQDPHOLMNGDDUZDDUGH=HHZHJXLWNRPWRS. %HERXZLQJLQGHYOHXJHO. GHNXVW 'H]HNHUQNZDOLWHLWHQZRUGHQRQGHUVWHXQGGRRUGHLQKHWJHELHGYRRUNRPHQGH JHERXZPRQXPHQWHQ HQ NXQVW 2RN GH LQPLGGHOV JHUHDOLVHHUGH KHULQULFKWLQJ YDQGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWHYDQHHQDDQWDOZHJHQLQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHRQGHUVWHXQW GH]HNZDOLWHLWHQ. (QJHOVH9HOG .

(17) .QHOSXQWHQ. *HEUHNDDQFRQWDFWPHW]HHGRRUKRRJWHGXLQ. 6WUDQGRSJDQJHQ. 6FKDDOHQVWDDWYDQGHEHERXZLQJLQKHWKDUW. *DWPHWDFKWHUNDQWHQ *HHQ ]LFKW YDQDI GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH RS KHW (QJHOVH9HOG 'RPLQDQWLH YDQ YHUNHHU HQ SDUNHUHQ LQ VHL]RHQ HQZHHNHQGHQ. .QHOSXQWGRPLQDQWLHYDQYHUNHHUWLMGHQVVHL]RHQHQZHHNHQGHQ .

(18) .QHOSXQWHQ ,QGHKXLGLJHVLWXDWLHLVRRNHHQDDQWDONQHOSXQWHQGDWDDQGDFKWEHKRHIW'H]H NQHOSXQWHQEHWUHIIHQ 9HUELQGLQJHQ. . +HWRQWEUHNHQYDQ]LFKWRSKHWVWUDQGHQGH]HHYDQDIGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWH 'LW KHHIW YRRUDO WH PDNHQ PHW GH KRRJWH YDQ KHW GXLQ LQ UHODWLH WRW GH ERXOHYDUG. +HW RQWEUHNHQ YDQ ]LFKW RS KHW VWUDQG HQ GH ]HH WHU KRRJWH YDQ GH VWUDQGRSJDQJHQHQGHNZDOLWHLWYDQGH]HVWUDQGRSJDQJHQ YHHOREVWDNHOV WHUUDVDIVFKHLGLQJHQSDDOWMHVEHERUGLQJHWF

(19) . +HWJHEUHNDDQ]LFKWRSGHQDWXXUYDQDIGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWHLQGHYLOODEXXUW DDQGHZHVWNDQWYDQKHW(QJHOVH9HOG .ZDOLWHLWEHERXZLQJ. 'HVFKDDOYDQGHEHERXZLQJLQKHWJHELHG9DQGHU:LMFNSOHLQYDQ+DVVHOWZHJ HQ=HHZHJHQGHVOHFKWHXLWVWUDOLQJYDQGHDFKWHUGH$OH[DQGHUÁDWJHOHJHQ. *HHQ]LFKWRSKHWVWUDQGHQGH]HH. RSHQEDUHUXLPWH %HUHLNEDDUKHLGHQWRHJDQNHOLMNKHLG. 'H GRPLQDQWLH YDQ KHW YHUNHHU HQ SDUNHUHQGH DXWR·V HQ ÀHWVHQ LQ KHW VHL]RHQHQLQGHZHHNHQGHQ. &RQÁLFWHUHQGH UXLPWHFODLPV YDQ VQHO HQ ODQJ]DDP YHUNHHU RS GH &) =HLOHUERXOHYDUG 0HHULQGHWDLONXQQHQGDDUDDQZRUGHQWRHJHYRHJG. +HWQRJRQYROWRRLGHLQWHULHXUYDQKHWGRUS QRJQLHWKHULQJHULFKWH9DQGHU :LMFNSOHLQHQ&)=HLOHUERXOHYDUG

(20) . 3ODDWVHOLMNVOHFKWRQGHUKRXGHQSDQGHQ 'HRYHUGDDGDDQEHERUGLQJ. *URRWVFKDOLJHEHERXZLQJDDQKHW9DQGHU:LMFNSOHLQ .

(21) )XQFWLHV. :RQHQ. +RWHOSHQVLRQ. +RUHFD. :LQNHOV. =HHDTXDULXP. .HUN. 6SRUW. 5HGGLQJVEULJDGH. *DVZLQQLQJ. .

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p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ÀHWVHQHQZDQGHOHQ. ]HNHU YRRU GH NHUQ %HUJHQ DDQ =HH ,Q KHW SODQJHELHG LV QLHW RI QDXZHOLMNV. ]LMQ HU YRORS PRJHOLMNKHGHQ =R LV %HUJHQ DDQ =HH PLGGHOV YULMOLJJHQGH. RYHULJH EHGULMYLJKHLG DDQZH]LJ (U LV DOOHHQ GH WLMGHOLMNH JDVZLQLQVWDOODWLH. ÀHWVSDGHQYHUERQGHQPHW:LPPHQXP URXWHULFKWLQJ(JPRQG

(23) HQ6FKRRUOHQ. YDQ7DTD(QHUJ\EYLQKHWQRRUGHQYDQKHWSODQJHELHG'LWLVHHQRQEHPDQG. PHW%HUJHQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHOLJWDDQKHWVWDUWSXQWYDQKHWODQJHDIVWDQGVSDG. GRRUYRHUVWDWLRQ. 7UHNYRJHOSDGHQDDQKHW+ROODQGV.XVWSDG. . . )XQFWLHV.

(24) .

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ÀHOHQRQGHUYLQGHQYRRUDOGHÀHWVHUV GLHZHOLQWZHH ULFKWLQJHQULMGHQ

(26) KLHUKLQGHUYDQ 'HSDUNHHUFDSDFLWHLWLQGH%HUJHQDDQ=HHEHGUDDJWFLUFDSDUNHHUSODDWVHQ +HWGRUSNHQWYRRUDOLQGH]RPHUSHULRGHHHQ]HHUKRJHSDUNHHUGUXN7LMGHQV GHSHULRGHDSULOWRWVHSWHPEHULVHULQGHNHUQEHWDDOGSDUNHUHQLQJHVWHOG 2SGUXNNHGDJHQLVGHSDUNHHUEHKRHIWH]RJURRWGDWHUHHQWHNRUWRSWUHHGW %HUJHQDDQ=HHZRUGWRQWVORWHQGRRUGLYHUVHYULMOLJJHQGHÀHWVSDGHQ2RNGH =HHZHJ KHHIW DOV EHODQJULMNVWH IXQFWLRQHOH URXWH QDDU %HUJHQ DDQ =HH HHQ YULMOLJJHQGÀHWVSDG -DDUURQGKHHIW%HUJHQDDQ=HHHHQEXXUWEXVGLHYHUELQGLQJJHHIWPHW%HUJHQ (JPRQGHQ6FKRRUO,QGH]RPHUPDDQGHQZRUGWGLWDDQJHYXOGPHWHHQUHJXOLHUH EXVYHUELQGLQJ %XLWHQ GH ]RPHUPDDQGHQ LV LQ GH DYRQGXUHQ HQ RS ]RQGDJHQ JHHQEXVYHUYRHUYRRUKDQGHQ. .

(27) 1DWXUD. 1DWXUD. 1RRUG]HHNXVW]RQH. 1RRUG+ROODQGV 'XLQUHVHUYDDW. 1DWXUD EURQKWWSZZZV\QELRV\VDOWHUUDQOQDWXUD

(28) . 3URYLQFLDOH5XLPWHOLMNH9HURUGHQLQJ6WUXFWXXUYLVLHEHVWDDQGEHERXZGJHELHG.

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ÀFDQWHHIIHFWHQKHEEHQRSGH LQVWDQGKRXGLQJVGRHOVWHOOLQJHQYDQKHW1DWXUDJHELHG1RRUG]HHNXVW]RQH 6WLOWHJHELHG +HWSODQJHELHGOLJWWXVVHQKHW'XLQJHELHG%HUJHQ(JPRQGHQ6FKRRUOVHGXLQHQ 'H]H JHELHGHQ ]LMQ RS SURYLQFLDDO QLYHDX DDQJHZH]HQ DOV 6WLOWHJHELHG +HW SURYLQFLDOHEHOHLGLVHURSJHULFKWRPKHWJHOXLGQLYHDXWHEHSHUNHQWRWG% $

(30) . .

(31) /HJJHUYDQGHNHUQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH EURQ+RRJKHHPUDDGVFKDS+ROODQGV1RRUGHUNZDUWLHU

(32) .

(33) %HOHLGKRWHOVHQSHQVLRQV

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

(35) %HOHLGVUHJHOV. ZRUGWKLHULQSULQFLSHQLHWWRHJHVWDDQ2RNLQKHWGLUHFWDDQJUHQ]HQGHJHPHQJGH. YRRUZHUNHQLQRSRIODQJVGH]DQGLJHNXVWLQGH]H]RQHV]LMQDOOHHQQRJLQ. JHELHGVWUHHIWGHJHPHHQWHQDDUEHKRXGYDQKRWHOVHQSHQVLRQV 8LWEUHLGLQJ. FRQFHSWEHVFKLNEDDU GHWKDQVQRJYLJHUHQGHEHOHLGVUHJHOV]LMQQRJQLHWRSGH. ZRUGWKLHUQLHWWRHJHVWDDQ,QKHWNOHLQVFKDOLJHRYHULJHJHELHG]LMQLQSULQFLSH. OHJJHU DIJHVWHPG

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

(37) 3ODQPHUHQYRUPYULMHPHU. 'HJHPHHQWH%HUJHQKHHIWLQKDDUKRUHFDEHOHLGYDVWJHVWHOG+LHULQZRUGW. ,QELMODJHYDQGH]HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHZRUGWLQJHJDDQRSGHPRJHOLMNHYHUSOLFKWLQJ. PHWQDPHLQJHJDDQRSGHYRRUZDDUGHQZDDUDDQH[SORLWDWLHGLHQWWHYROGRHQ. RP HHQ 3ODQPHU RS WH VWHOOHQ HQ ZRUGW LQJHJDDQ RS GH YRUPYULMH PHU. ]RDOVGHVOXLWLQJVWLMGHQHQGHYRRUZDDUGHQYRRUWHUUDVVHQ. *HFRQFOXGHHUGZRUGWGDWHHQ3ODQPHUQLHWQRRG]DNHOLMNLV7HQDDQ]LHQYDQGH YRUPYULMHPHUZRUGWJHFRQFOXGHHUGGDWGHLQGHVWUXFWXXUYLVLHRSJHQRPHQ. 6WUDQGQRWD

(38). YRRUQHPHQVJHHQEHODQJULMNHQHJDWLHYHJHYROJHQ]XOOHQKHEEHQYRRUKHWPLOLHX. ,QLVGHVWUDQGQRWDYRRUGHJHPHHQWH%HUJHQQKYDVWJHVWHOG,QGH]HQRWD. GDQZHO QRJ DOV RQGHU]RHNVRSJDYH ]LMQ JHIRUPXOHHUG ZDDUELM PLOLHXDVSHFWHQ. ZRUGWKHWEHOHLGYDVWJHOHJGYRRUKHWJHEUXLNYDQKHWVWUDQGHQGHWRHJHVWDQH. QDGUXNNHOLMNZRUGHQPHHJHQRPHQLQGHSODQYRUPLQJ. KRUHFDEHGULMYHQ. . . :DWHUNHULQJ.

(39) 9HUJULM]LQJ. 7RHQDPHYDQKHWDDQWDODXWR·V. 'LJLWDOLVHULQJGRPRWLFD. 'XXU]DPHHQHUJLH]RQQHSDQHOHQ. .

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ÀHNHZHQVHQQDPHOLMNGHRXGHUHQQRJ EHODQJULMNHUZRUGW. 0RELOLWHLW (HQWUHQGGLHDOJHUXLPHWLMGJDDQGHLVPDDUQRJVWHHGVVSHHOWLVRQ]HWRHQHPHQGH PRELOLWHLW,QRQVODQGZRQHQPLOMRHQLQZRQHUVGLHGHEHVFKLNNLQJKHEEHQ RYHUPLOMRHQDXWR·VYDQGHJHPDDNWHNLORPHWHUVZRUGWGDDUELMJHPDDNW WHQEHKRHYHYDQYULMHWLMGUHFUHDWLHHQVRFLDOHFRQWDFWHQ $OMDUHQJURHLWKHWDDQWDODXWR·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

(41) LQIRUPDWLH RYHU GH RPJHYLQJ WRW ]LFK WH QHPHQ YDQXLW HHQ YDNDQWLHYHUEOLMI RI RQGHUZHJ 7KXLV NXQQHQ UHFUHDQWHQ HQ WRHULVWHQ EHVWHPPLQJHQPHWHONDDUYHUJHOLMNHQ. . . 3.0 Trends en ontwikkeling.

(42) 1RRUG]HHEDGSO1HG 1RRUG]HHEDGSOEXLWHQO 1RRUG]HHEDGSOWRWDDO 1HGHUODQG1HGHUODQGHUV 1HGHUODQGEXLWHQO 1HGHUODQGWRWDDO. 2QWZLNNHOLQJDDQWDOWRHULVWLVFKHRYHUQDFKWLQJHQLQ1RRUG]HHEDGSODDWVHQHQ1HGHUODQGDOVWRWDDOGRRU1HGHUODQGHUVHQEXLWHQODQGHUVHQWRWDDOLQGHSHULRGH %URQ&%6

(43) .

(44) 6SHFLÀHNHRQWZLNNHOLQJHQRSKHWJHELHGYDQWRHULVPHHQUHFUHDWLH 'H1RRUG]HHEDGSODDWVHQ]LMQGHPHHVWEH]RFKWHWRHULVWLVFKUHFUHDWLHYHUHJLR YDQ 1HGHUODQG 2QGHU LQYORHG YDQ GH UHFHVVLH LV KHW DDQWDO RYHUQDFKWLQJHQ RRNLQGH]HUHJLRJHGDDOGPDDUGHUHJLRKHHIW]LFKEHWHUKHUVWHOGGDQDQGHUH UHJLR·VLQ1HGHUODQG+HWDDQGHHOEXLWHQODQGHUVLQKHWDDQWDORYHUQDFKWLQJHQLV PLQRIPHHUFRQVWDQW (U LV YRRU ZDW EHWUHIW GH WRHULVWLVFK UHFUHDWLHYH EHKRHIWHQ ]RZHO HHQ WUHQG QDDUYHUVQHOOLQJDOVYHUWUDJLQJ]LFKWEDDU'HJHPLGGHOGH1HGHUODQGHUKHHIWLQ GHDIJHORSHQMDDUPLQGHUYULMHWLMGJHNUHJHQ$DQGHHQHNDQWOHLGWGLWWRW KHW ]RHNHQ QDDU YHUWUDJLQJ NOHLQVFKDOLJKHLG WUDDJKHLG UXVW GXXU]DDPKHLG ORNDOHLGHQWLWHLWPRJHOLMNKHGHQGHHLJHQWLMGLQWHULFKWHQHQHHQYRRUNHXUYRRU XQLHNHSHUVRRQOLMNHHUYDULQJHQ

(45) DDQGHDQGHUHNDQWWRWYHUVQHOOLQJ ]RHNHQQDDU H[WUHPHQ LQWHUQDWLRQDOLVHULQJ VQHOKHLG PRELOLWHLW NRUWVWRQGLJH HUYDULQJHQ JURRWVFKDOLJHPDVVDOHHHQPDOLJHEHOHYHQLVVHQ

(46) . +HW ELM]RQGHUH LV GDW GH]HOIGH SHUVRRQ RS KHW HQH PRPHQW QDDU YHUWUDJLQJ HQRSKHWDQGHUHPRPHQWQDDUYHUVQHOOLQJNDQVWUHYHQ0HHUHQPHHU]DSSHQ WRHULVWHQHQUHFUHDQWHQODQJVGHPRJHOLMNKHGHQGLHHU]LMQ(HQGXLGHOLMNSURÀ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wPSOHPHQWHHUGLQKHWEHOHLGYDQ GHULMNVRYHUKHLGWHQDDQ]LHQYDQNXVWYHUGHGLJLQJ.

(48) 'HQ +HOGHU. -XOLDQDGRUS. &DOODQWVRRJ. 3HWWHQ &DPSHUGXLQ *URHW 6FKRRUO %HUJHQ %HUJHQ DDQ=HH $ONPDDU (JPRQG DDQ=HH. 6WUDQGHQGXLQSODDWV %RVHQGXLQSODDWV 6WUDQGSODDWV 6WUDQGUHFUHDWLH 5HFUHDWLHLQKHWDFKWHUODQG. :LMNDDQ=HH. 8LWJDDQVIXQFWLHV :LQNHOIXQFWLHV .XQVWHQFXOWXXU $PVWHUGDP. . 1DWXXU.

(49) 4.0 Visie 9DQWUHQGVQDDUYLVLH. 2XGHUHQZRRQDFKWLJLQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH 9LWDOH HQ PRELHOH RXGHUHQ GLH ZRQHQ LQ %HUJHQ DDQ =HH ]XOOHQ GDDU JUDDJ. 'HLQKRRIGVWXNRPVFKUHYHQWUHQGVJHYHQDDQGDWHHQDDQWDO]DNHQEHODQJ. EOLMYHQZRQHQ'HDDQWUHNNLQJVNUDFKWYDQHHQSODDWV]RGLFKWELMGHNXVWHQ]R. ULMNHUZRUGW%LMGHNHX]HVGLHWHQJURQGVODJOLJJHQDDQGHYLVLHRS%HUJHQDDQ. SUDFKWLJJHOHJHQLQGHQDWXXULVGXVGDQLJJURRWGDWKLHUQLHWVQHOOHHJVWDQG]DO. =HHZRUGWGDDURSLQJHVSHHOG. NRPHQ:HONDQHUVSUDNH]LMQYDQYHUGULQJLQJYDQKHWSHUPDQHQWHZRQHQGRRU. 3URÀOHULQJ. GHDDQWUHNNLQJVNUDFKWYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHDOVZRRQGRUSEHKRXGHQEOLMIW+HW. %HKRXG HQ YHUVWHUNLQJ YDQ KHW RQGHUVFKHLGHQGH SURÀHO YDQ %HUJHQ DDQ =HH. WRHQHPHQGHDDQWDORXGHUHQYRUPWKLHUELQQHQHHQDDQGDFKWVSXQWELMLQULFKWLQJ. DOVDDQWUHNNHOLMNHZRRQSODDWVHQDOVELM]RQGHUHWRHULVWLVFKUHFUHDWLHYHSODDWV. YDQGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWHHQGHOHYHQVORRSEHVWHQGLJKHLGYDQZRQLQJHQ2XGHUHQ. ZRUGW VWHHGV EHODQJULMNHU 0HQVHQ KHEEHQ LQ WRHQHPHQGH PDWH LQ]LFKW LQ. PHW HHQ LQWHQVLHYH

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ÀHOYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHPRHWYHUVFKHUSWHQXLWJHERXZGZRUGHQYDQXLW GHNUDFKWYDQGHKXLGLJHNHUQ'LWLVQDGHUXLWJHZHUNWLQSDUDJUDDI. JUDDJUHFUHsUHQLQGHJURHQHRPJHYLQJ HUPHHURSXLWJDDQEXLWHQGHSLHNSHULRGHQ YHUWURXZGHYRUPHQYDQUHFUHsUHQ]RHNHQGXVÀHWVHQZDQGHOHQWRHUHQ YUDJHQRPH[WUDWRHJDQNHOLMNHYRRU]LHQLQJHQ ]LFKODQJPHWGHHLJHQDXWREOLMYHQYHUSODDWVHQ LVYHUWURXZGHQEHNHQG

(51) PHHUDDQGDFKWYUDJHQYRRUFRPIRUW

(52) . ,QVSHOHQRSRQWJURHQLQJHQYHUJULM]LQJ 'HRQWJURHQLQJHQYHUJULM]LQJ]XOOHQHUYRRU]RUJHQGDWHHQJURWHJURHSPHW VSHFLÀHNHZHQVHQEHODQJULMNHUZRUGWQDPHOLMNGHRXGHUHQ'H]HJURHSVOXLW JRHGDDQELMGHNZDOLWHLWHQGLH%HUJHQDDQ=HHDOEH]LW2PDDQWUHNNHOLMNWH EOLMYHQYRRUGHEHZXVWHGRHOJURHSLVDDQGDFKWQRGLJYRRU. LQULFKWLQJRSHQEDUHUXLPWH YHLOLJKHLGEHUHLNEDDUKHLGWRHJDQNHOLMNKHLG

(53) OHYHQVORRSEHVWHQGLJHZRQLQJHQ FRPIRUWHQWRHJDQNHOLMNKHLGYDQYRRU]LHQLQJHQ

(54) ]LHEURQYHUPHOGLQJLQFRORIRQ . . QLHWSHUPDQHQWZRQHQ0HWKHWRRJRSGHOHHIEDDUKHLGLVKHWYDQEHODQJGDW.

(55) .

(56) $DQGDFKWYRRUYHLOLJKHLGSDUNHUHQHQEHUHLNEDDUKHLG 'HEOLMYHQGHWUHQGYDQHHQWRHQHPHQGH DXWR

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

(58) 2RN ZRUGHQ GH]H YRRU]LHQLQJHQLQJH]HWRPGHWRHULVWHQUHFUHDQW]RJRHGHQVQHOPRJHOLMNWH LQIRUPHUHQRYHUGHHLJHQVFKDSSHQYDQGHRPJHYLQJGHYRRU]LHQLQJHQHQGH PRJHOLMNKHGHQ RP GHHO WH QHPHQ DDQ DFWLYLWHLWHQ ELMYRRUEHHOG LQIRUPDWLH RYHUFXOWXXUHYHQHPHQWHQHQDDQZH]LJHURXWHV

(59) 2YHUKHGHQHQPDUNWSDUWLMHQ PRHWHQ YDQ HHQ RSWLPDDO HQ RS HONDDU DIJHVWHPG JHEUXLN YDQ GLW VRRUW YRRU]LHQLQJHQGHYUXFKWHQSOXNNHQ $DQGDFKWYRRUGXXU]DDPKHLG :DDUKHWGHHQHUJLHEHKRHIWHYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHEHWUHIWZRUGWJHDQWLFLSHHUGRS KHWVFKDDUVHUZRUGHQYDQIRVVLHOHEUDQGVWRIIHQ'LWEHWHNHQWHHQDDQGDFKWVSXQW ELM LHGHUH YLVLH HQ SODQRQWZLNNHOLQJ YDQ YHUNHHU HQ YHUYRHUVEHOHLG WRW LQULFKWLQJYDQRSHQEDUHUXLPWHERXZHQYHUERXZ. .

(60) 'RHOJURHSHQYDQEHOHLGHQQDJHVWUHHIGHVIHHU 6IHHU 9HUWUDJLQJ. /HYHQVIDVH. *H]LQQHQPHWNLQGHUHQGLH DFWLYLWHLWHQRQGHUQHPHQ PHWGHRXGHUV -RQJHUHQ 9ROZDVVHQHQGLH]HOIVWDQ GLJRIVDPHQDFWLYLWHLWHQ RQGHUQHPHQ. 9LOOD·VLQGHQDWXXU. 7HYHUEHWHUHQXLWVWUDOLQJ]HHDTXDULXP . 2XGHUHQGLH]HOIVWDQGLJRI VDPHQDFWLYLWHLWHQRQGHU QHPHQ. 9HUVQHOOLQJ. NOHLQVFKDOLJKHLGWUDDJKHLG UXVWGXXU]DDPKHLGORNDOH LGHQWLWHLWHLJHQWLMGLQULFKWHQ HQXQLHNHSHUVRRQOLMNHHUYD ULQJHQ. H[WUHPHQLQWHUQDWLRQDOLVH ULQJVQHOKHLGPRELOLWHLW NRUWVWRQGLJHHUYDULQJHQ JURRWVFKDOLJHPDVVDOHHHQPD OLJHEHOHYHQLVVHQ. :DQGHOHQÀHWVHQ]ZHPPHQ VWUDQGEH]RHNQDWXXUNXQVWHQ FXOWXXU. %H]RHNYDQKRRJVWHGHOLMNH JHELHGHQSRSFRQFHUWHQSUHW SDUNHQH[WUHPHVSRUWHQ. . .

(61) :DWLVKHWSURÀHOYRRU%HUJHQDDQ=HH. 'RHOVWHOOLQJHQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHLQ. %HUJHQDDQ=HHLVHHQNOHLQVFKDOLJHH[FOXVLHYHZRRQSODDWVHQIDPLOLHEDGSODDWV. $IJHVWHPG RS KHW SURÀHO YDQ %HUJHQ DDQ =HH HQ JHEDVHHUG RS NZDOLWHLWHQ. WHPLGGHQYDQGHQDWXXUHQLQHHQFXOWXXUULMNHRPJHYLQJ%HUJHQDDQ=HHNDQ. NQHOSXQWHQ WUHQGV HQ RQWZLNNHOLQJHQ ULFKW GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLH ]LFK RS GH. GLWSURÀHOYHUGHURQWZLNNHOHQELQQHQGHNDGHUVYDQGHIXQFWLHDOVQDWXXUJHELHG. YROJHQGHEHOHLGVGRHOHQYRRU. HQDOVZDWHUNHULQJ 1DGHUWRHJHOLFKW. ,Q%HUJHQDDQ=HHLVKHWSUDFKWLJZRQHQ ,Q%HUJHQDDQ=HHLVKHWJRHGYHUWRHYHQLQKHWELM]RQGHUYRRUJH]LQQHQPHW NLQGHUHQFXOWXXUHQQDWXXUOLHIKHEEHUV

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´,HGHU KXLV LV DQGHUVµ LV HHQ NHUQNZDOLWHLW GLH ELMGUDDJW DDQ KHW H[FOXVLHYH NDUDNWHU YDQ KHW GURS %HKRXGYDQGLWVWHUNHSXQWLQGHEHERXZLQJVNDUDNWHULVWLHNHQYHUVWHUNLQJ YDQKHWEHERXZLQJVEHHOGZDDUGLWQRJRQYROGRHQGHLVLVXLWJDQJVSXQW )DPLOLHEDGSODDWVQDWXXUHQFXOWXXU. %HUJHQ DDQ =HH LV ]HHU DDQWUHNNHOLMN YRRU VWUDQGOLHIKHEEHUV QDWXXUOLHIKHEEHUV ZDQGHODDUV HQ ÀHWVHUV .XQVW HQ FXOWXXU YRUPHQ HHQ NDQV RP KHW WRHULVWLVFK UHFUHDWLHYH SURÀHO QRJ YHUGHU WH YHUVFKHUSHQ %HUJHQDDQ=HHKHHIWGRRUGHDDQZH]LJKHLGYDQRQGHUPHHUKHWVWUDQGHQ KHW]HHDTXDULXPYHHOWHELHGHQYRRUNLQGHUHQ'HGRHOJURHSHQYDQEHOHLG ]LMQJH]LQQHQZDDUYDQGHNLQGHUHQDFWLYLWHLWHQRQGHUQHPHQVDPHQPHWGH RXGHUVHQYROZDVVHQHQLQDOOHOHHIWLMGVFDWHJRULHsQPHWHHQRULsQWDWLHRS.

(63) ,Q ELMODJH ELM GH]H VWUXFWXXUYLVLH LV HHQ RYHU]LFKW JHJHYHQ YDQ. QDWXXUHQFXOWXXU+LHURQGHULVGHJURHLHQGHGRHOJURHSVHQLRUHQ. DDQGDFKWVSXQWHQSHURQGHUVFKHLGHQGRHOJURHSELMLQULFKWLQJYDQGHRSHQEDUH UXLPWHYHUYRHUHQYHUNHHUHQDFFRPPRGDWLHVHQYRRU]LHQLQJHQ . . .OHLQVFKDOLJ.

(64) 9LVLH. &HQWUXPJHELHG FRQFHQWUDWLH KRJHUH EHERXZLQJ HQEHKRXGHQYHUVWHUNLQJKRWHOVHQSHQVLRQV *HPHQJGJHELHGEHKRXGKRWHOVHQSHQVLRQV 2YHULJ JHELHG KDQGKDYHQ VFKDDO EHERXZLQJ LQ GH YOHXJHOVHQOLJJLQJLQGHQDWXXUEHKRXGZRRQIXQFWLHV +DQGKDYHQJURHQHHQFODYHV (QJHOVHYHOGHQ3DUQDVVLDSDUN +DQGKDYHQPRQXPHQWHQ. +DQGKDYHQ]LFKWOLMQHQ. +DQGKDYHQHQYHUVWHUNHQ]LFKWUHODWLHVPHWQDWXXU. 2QGHU]RHNVJHELHGKHUVWUXFWXUHULQJHQKHULQULFKWLQJ. 9HUEHWHUHQVWUDQGRSJDQJHQ. )LHWVHQZDQGHOSDGHQ. .

(65) 5XLPWHHQLGHQWLWHLW /LJJLQJLQKHWODQGVFKDS %DQGPHWKHWVWUDQGHQGHQDWXXU 8LWJDQJVSXQW LV RP GH ]LFKWOLMQHQ HQ EDQG YDQ KHW GRUS PHW KHW VWUDQG KHW (QJHOVH YHOG KHW 3DUQDVVLDSDUN HQ GH RPOLJJHQGH QDWXXUJHELHGHQ ]R VWHUN PRJHOLMNWHPDNHQ'LWJHOGWDOVXLWJDQJVSXQWELMGHLQULFKWLQJYDQRSHQEDUH UXLPWHQPDDURRNELMWRHWVLQJYDQ YHU

(66) ERXZSODQQHQELMZRQLQJHQHQJHERXZGH YRRU]LHQLQJHQ 6WHGHQERXZNXQGLJHRS]HW. . %HKRXG]LFKWDVVHQHQPRQXPHQWHQ 2SVWHGHQERXZNXQGLJQLYHDXZRUGHQGHEHODQJULMNHPRQXPHQWDOHJHERXZHQ JHKDQGKDDIGPHWGH]LFKWDVVHQGLHKLHUPHHYHUEDQGKRXGHQ 6FKDDOHQNDUDNWHUEHERXZLQJLQGHYOHXJHOV 8LWJDQJVSXQW LV GDW LQ GH YOHXJHOV GH EHSHUNWH VFKDDO YDQ GH EHERXZLQJ JHKDQGKDDIGEOLMIW+LHURYHUKHHUVWHHQERXZYRUPLQppQRIWZHHERXZODJHQ PHW NDS :RQLQJHQ ]LMQ GRRU ERXZYRUP HQ JHYHOLQGHOLQJ JHULFKW RS KHW RPOLJJHQGH ODQGVFKDS JHEUXLNHQ HYHQWXHOH KRRJWHYHUVFKLOOHQ ]LMQ ELQQHQ HHQVWUDDWZDQGRIFRPSOH[YHUVFKLOOHQGHQKHEEHQHHQEHSDDOGHHHQYRXGHQ ]RUJYXOGLJHGHWDLOOHULQJHQNOHXUVWHOOLQJLQUHODWLHWRWGHRPJHYLQJ &RQFHQWUDWLHHQYHUEHWHULQJLQKHWGRUSVKDUW %HERXZLQJYDQPHHUGDQWZHHERXZODJHQPRHW EHVWDDQGHXLW]RQGHULQJHQGDDU JHODWHQ

(67) JHFRQFHQWUHHUGEOLMYHQLQGHRPJHYLQJYDQKHWFHQWUXP8LWJDQJVSXQW ]LMQGDDUGHEHVWDDQGHKRRJWHQ'HRPJHYLQJYDQGH$OH[DQGHUÁDW=HHZHJ YDQ+DVVHOWZHJZRUGWDDQJHZH]HQDOVRQGHU]RHNVJHELHGYRRUKHUVWUXFWXUHULQJ 9HUDQGHULQJHQ LQ JHERXZHQEHERXZLQJ ]LMQ JHULFKW RS KHW YHUEHWHUHQ YDQ KHW GRRU]LFKW QDDU KHW VWUDQG YDQDI GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH HQ KHW YHUVWHUNHQ YDQ GLYHUVLWHLW$OV HHQ GDDGZHUNHOLMNH YHUEHWHULQJ RQWVWDDW RS GH]H SXQWHQ NDQHHQJURWHUHKRRJWHGDQGHEHVWDDQGHZRUGHQWRHJHVWDDQRPGHJHZHQVWH YHUDQGHULQJHQLQJDQJWHNXQQHQ]HWWHQ . 3DVVHQGHNOHLQVFKDOLJHEHERXZLQJLQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH .

(68) 'HWDLO$QDO\VH. +HULQWHULFKWHQ RSHQEDUH

(69) UXLPWH. *URWHPDWHYDQYHUVWHQLQJ. 1LHWSDVVHQGHVHULHPDWLJHHHQYRUPLJHERXZ. 6OHFKWKHUNHQEDUHRSKHWSXEOLHNJHULFKWHIXQFWLH. 6OHFKWHERXZNXQGLJHVWDDW 6OHFKWHPDWLJH UHODWLH JHERXZRSHQEDUH UXLPWH RPJHYLQJ $IJHVFKHUPGSDUNHHUWHUUHLQ. 9HUEHWHUHQEDQGPHWKHWVWUDQG. 9HUVWHUNHQ]LFKWUHODWLHVPHWGH]HH. .

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ÀHOZHUNWGRRULQRSHQEDUHUXLPWH 'H JHPHHQWH ]HW ]LFK RQGHU PHHU ELM GH LQULFKWLQJ YDQ GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH LQ YRRU KHW SURÀHO YDQ NOHLQVFKDOLJH H[FOXVLHYH ZRRQSODDWV HQ IDPLOLHEDGSODDWV WH PLGGHQYDQGHQDWXXUHQLQHHQFXOWXXUULMNHRPJHYLQJ6OHXWHOZRRUGHQ]LMQKLHU EHUHLNEDDUKHLGYHLOLJKHLGFRPIRUWQDWXXUHQFXOWXXU 9HUVWHUNLQJ WRHULVWLVFK UHFUHDWLHI SURÀHO ZHUNW GRRU LQ RQGHUVWHXQLQJ YDQ LQLWLDWLHYHQYDQPDUNWSDUWLMHQGRRUGHJHPHHQWH 9RRU]LHQLQJHQJHULFKWRSGHGRHOJURHSHQYDQEHOHLGNULMJHQLQEHJLQVHOPRJHOLMNKHLG ]LFKXLWWHEUHLGHQ2QGHUQHPHUVZRUGHQGRRUGHJHPHHQWHRQGHUVWHXQGRPLQWH VSHOHQRSGHEHKRHIWHYDQGHGRHOJURHSHQYDQEHOHLGHQQDJHVWUHHIGHVIHHU ]LHEO]

(71) 3ODQQHQYRRUYHUEHWHULQJYDQDFFRPPRGDWLHVRIKHWFUHsUHQYDQGDJUHFUHDWLHYH YRRU]LHQLQJHQZRUGHQWHJHQGDWOLFKWEHRRUGHHOG'HJHPHHQWH]DOELMEHODQJULMNH YRRU]LHQLQJHQ DOV KHW ]HHDTXDULXP HQ KHW QDWXXUHGXFDWLHFHQWUXP YHUVWHUNLQJ VWLPXOHUHQ HQ KLHU KHW JHVSUHN RYHU DDQJDDQ 'H]H YRRU]LHQLQJHQ ]RXGHQ YDQ EXLWHQDIEHWHU]LFKWEDDUPRHWHQ]LMQ+HWDTXDULXP]RXELMYRRUEHHOGWUDQVSDUDQWH PXUHQ NXQQHQ NULMJHQ ZDDULQ NLQGHUHQ GH YLVVHQ NXQQHQ ]LHQ ]ZHPPHQ +HW QDWXXUHGXFDWLHFHQWUXPNDQZRUGHQJHFRPELQHHUGPHW´ODQGDUWµWHQWRRQVWHOOLQJHQ LQGHQDWXXUULMNHRPJHYLQJYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HH. . . 2SHQEDUHUXLPWH (pQVIHHULQGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWH 9RRU LQULFKWLQJ YDQ GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH EOLMYHQ GH XLWJDQJVSXQWHQ GLH RQGHU PHHU ELM GH =HHZHJ HQ (O]HQODDQ ]LMQ JHEUXLNW RYHUHLQG HHQ ]R JURRW PRJHOLMNH EDQG PHW GH QDWXXUOLMNH RPJHYLQJ HHQ HHQGXLGLJ VWUDDWPHXELODLU HQEHVWUDWLQJVPDWHULDDO+HWYDQGHU:LMFNSOHLQGH)&=HLOHUERXOHYDUGKHW 5RGH3OHLQHQGHVWUDQGRSJDQJHQPRHWHQVWHUNYHUEHWHUGZRUGHQ.

(72) 8LWERXZHQYDQGHEHWHNHQLVYDQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHYRRUNXQVWHQFXOWXXU %HUJHQ LV EHNHQG RP ]LMQ NXQVWHQDDUV HQ DUFKLWHFWXXU %HUJHQ DDQ =HH NDQ GDDUYDQ PHHSURÀWHUHQ GRRUGDW %HUJHQ DDQ =HH ]R GLFKW ELM GH KRRIGNHUQ LV JHOHJHQ9RRUGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWHLVGHJHPHHQWHGHWUHNNHU%HHOGHQGHNXQVW NULMJWHHQSOHNLQGHRSHQEDUHUXLPWH'DDUELMZRUGWJHIRFXVWRSNXQVWGLHJHEUXLN PDDNW YDQ GH RPJHYLQJ ELMYRRUEHHOG LQVSHHOW RS GH HOHPHQWHQGH QDWXXU

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ÀHWV RQWVOXLWLQJHQSDUNHUHQ

(74) HQGDDUELMWHYHQV]RUJGUDJHQYRRUGHNZDOLWHLWYDQGH RSHQEDUHUXLPWH. 2SODDGSXQWHOHNWULVFKHÀHWV .

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pHUYHQRIRSRYHUORRSJHELHGHQHOGHUVLQGHJHPHHQWH. UXLPWHGRRU. . . LQFRPELQDWLHPHWÀHWVYHUKXXURIFROOHFWLHIRSHQEDDUYHUYRHU. 0LGGHOV YHUNHHUVUHJXOHULQJ KHW ]RHNJHGUDJ QDDU SDUNHHUSODDWVHQ WH YHUPLQGHUHQ. +HWJHEUXLNYDQÀHWVHQHQRSHQEDDUYHUYRHUWHVWLPXOHUHQ 'H PDWHULDDONHX]H HQ GH KRHYHHOKHLG HQ W\SH YHUOLFKWLQJ PHGH DI WH. . . DDQSDVVLQJYHUNHHUVFLUFXODWLHLQKHWGRUSPHWKHWRRJRS. . . KHWYHUPLQGHUHQYDQKHW]RHNJHGUDJYDQDXWR·VQDDUHHQ. . . SDUNHHUSOHN. . . RQGHU]RHNQDDUGHPRJHOLMNKHGHQYRRUHQHIIHFWLYLWHLWYDQ. . . YHUNHHUVPDQDJHPHQW. $DQ DQGHUH LQLWLDWLHIQHPHUV ZRUGW RRN HHQ GHUJHOLMNH LQVSDQQLQJ JHYUDDJG. . . VWLPXOHUHQYDQKHWJHEUXLNYDQGHÀHWV. ,HGHU SODQ ZRUGW PHGH EHRRUGHHOG RS GH GRHOVWHOOLQJHQ RS KHW JHELHG YDQ. VWHPPHQRSGXXU]DDPKHLG. GXXU]DDPKHLG(HQXLWEUHLGLQJRIYHUERXZLQJYDQHHQZRQLQJNDQELMYRRUEHHOG 9RRUEHHOGHQYDQPRJHOLMNHRSORVVLQJHQ. ZRUGHQEHQXWRPRRNGHLVRODWLHYDQHHQJHERXZWHYHUEHWHUHQHHQXLWEUHLGLQJ. $DQGXLGLQJ YDQ GH YHUNHHUVGUXN ÀOHV

(76) HQ SDUNHHUGUXN YRODDQGXLGLQJ. YDQ KHW ]HHDTXDULXP NDQ HHQ DDQOHLGLQJ ]LMQ YRRU HHQ QLHXZH ]XLQLJHU. LQGLHQHUJHHQSDUNHHUUXLPWHPHHULV

(77) ELM%HUJHQHQDDQGHZHVWNDQWYDQ. WHPSHUDWXXUUHJHOLQJRIHHQYHUEHWHULQJYRRUZDWEHWUHIWKHWZDWHUYHUEUXLN. $ONPDDU]RGDWGDJMHVPHQVHQHYHQWXHHODQGHUHNHX]HVNXQQHQPDNHQ. 3DUNHUHQRSHHQ3DUN 5LGHORFDWLHZDDUYDQGDDQDDQWUHNNHOLMNRSHQEDDU YHUYRHUGHYHUELQGLQJOHJWPHW%HUJHQDDQ=HH. 9DQDI HHQ ORFDWLH LQ %HUJHQ ZDDU HHQ RYHUFDSDFLWHLW EHVWDDW YRRU KHW SDUNHUHQ NXQQHQ LQ VDPHQZHUNLQJ PHW HHQ ORNDOH ÀHWVHQYHUKXXUGHU ÀHWVHQ HOHNWULVFKH ÀHWVHQ HQ EDJDJHNDUUHQ ZRUGHQ DDQJHERGHQ ,Q VDPHQKDQJGDDUPHH]RXKHWDDQWDORSODDGSXQWHQYRRUHOHNWULVFKHÀHWVHQ PRHWHQZRUGHQYHUUXLPG. . . 9HUPLQGHULQJYDQGHYHUNHHUVGUXNRSSLHNPRPHQWHQ.

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

(79) 5.0 Uitvoering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ppQULFKWLQJV V\VWHHP

(80) HQKHULQULFKWLQJ. 6LJQDOHULQJ. 2QGHU]RHNSODQYRRUÀOH VLJQDOHULQJHQYRODDQGXL GLQJ%HUJHQHQ$ONPDDU. 9DQDI . %HKRXGDXWRSDUNHHUFDSD FLWHLW. 8LWJDQJVSXQWELMKHU LQULFKWLQJHQWRHWVLQJ SODQQHQ. 6WDUW. 9DQDI 6WLPXOHULQJDOWHUQDWLHYHYRU 2QGHU]RHNPRJHOLMN KHGHQYRRUDOWHUQDWLHI PHQYDQYHUYRHU RSHQEDDUYHUYRHUYDQDI DIVODJJHVFKLNWH3DUNDQG 5LGHORFDWLH. 3DUHODDQ GHNXVW. 2QGHU]RHNPRJHOLMNKH GHQVWLPXOHUHQÀHWVJH EUXLN. 9DQDI . 7RHYRHJHQRSODDGSXQWHQ HOHNWULVFKHÀHWVHQ. 9DQDI . %HKRXGNOHLQVFKDOLJKHLG. :HOVWDQGVQRWDSODQWRHW VLQJ. . 1LHXZKDUW. +HUVWUXFWXUHULQJVSURMHFW 9DQDI SODQWRHWVLQJ. (pQVIHHULQGHRSHQEDUH UXLPWHHQDDQSDNEHERUGLQJ. +HULQULFKWLQJVSURMHFWHQ KHUVWUXFWXUHULQJVSURMHFW. 9DQDI . %HKRXG]LFKWDVVHQ. 8LWJDQJVSXQWELMSODQ WRHWVLQJ. QYW. %HWHUHEDQGPHWGH]HH VWUDQGRSJDQJHQHQERXOH YDUG. +HULQULFKWLQJVSURMHFW. 9DQDI . 8LWJDQJVSXQWLQKHULQ ULFKWLQJVHQKHUVWUXF WXUHULQJVSODQQHQHQELM WRHWVLQJSODQQHQ. QYW. 9HUEHWH ,HGHUSODQOHYHUWHHQYHU ULQJHQRSKHW EHWHULQJRSKHWJHELHGYDQ JHELHGYDQ GXXU]DDPKHLG GXXU]DDPKHLG. . 7RHSDVVLQJGRPRWLFD. ,QYHUEDQGPHWGHKLHUYRRURPVFKUHYHQSODQYRRUQHPHQVZRUGWYRRUGHMDUHQ HQHONHHQEXGJHWYDQ½DDQSODQNRVWHQJHUHVHUYHHUGRPGH RPVFKUHYHQSODQQHQRSWHNXQQHQSDNNHQ .

(81) Bijlagen %LMODJH'HQNULFKWLQJ6MRHUG6RHWHUV6RHWHUV9DQ(OGRQNDUFKLWHFWHQ ,QGH]HELMODJHLVHHQGHQNULFKWLQJZHHUJHJHYHQYDQGHKHHU6MRHUG6RHWHUV. . (HQ YRRUQDPH HQ HHUVWH VWDS LV KHWZHJKDOHQYDQGHDXWRRSGH]H FUXFLDOH SODDWV LQ KHW GRUS ,Q. ]RDOV YRRUEHUHLG LQ GH ELMHHQNRPVW PHW RQGHUQHPHUV RS MDQXDUL HQ. SODDWV YDQ GH KXLGLJH GRRU DXWR·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´LQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHLVKHWSUDFKWLJZRQHQLVKHWJRHG. UXLPWHGHDQGHUHWHEHWUHGHQ. YHUWRHYHQ%HUJHQDDQ=HHLVHHQSDUHODDQGHNXVWPHWHHQDDQWUHNNHOLMNKDUW HQHHQVWHUNHYHUELQGLQJPHWGH]HHµ +HW LV HHQ GHQNULFKWLQJ HHQ ZHUNK\SRWKHVH 'DW ZDW XLW KHW RQGHU]RHN ]DO NRPHQ NDQ DQGHUV ]LMQ HQ ]DO KHW UHVXOWDDW ]LMQ YDQ HHQ SURFHV ZDDUELM JHPHHQWH+RRJKHHPUDDGVFKDSHQPDUNWSDUWLMHQEHWURNNHQ]LMQ. ,QWURGXFWLHYDQGHGHQNULFKWLQJ. . 'DDU ZDDU GH =HHZHJ XLWNRPW RS GHNXVWLQKHWKDUWYDQ%HUJHQDDQ =HHLVYULMZHOGHJHKHOHRSHQEDUH UXLPWH. ZHJJHJHYHQ. DDQ. HQ. JHGRPLQHHUGGRRUGHDXWR2SGH]H SOHN]LMQGHGXLQHQUHODWLHIODDJHQ LVHHQ]ZDNNHSOHNDDQZH]LJLQGH ZDWHUNHULQJ.

(82) . *HEUXLNPDNHQG. YDQ. GH. KRRJWHYHUVFKLOOHQLQKHWJHELHGZRUGW HHQ RSJHWLOG YHUEOLMIVJHELHG JHOHJG ERYHQ KHW YDQ GHU :LMFNSOHLQ WXVVHQ GH$OH[DQGHUÁDWHQKHW=HHDTXDULXP $XWR·V EOLMYHQ KLHU JHSDUNHHUG PDDU NRPHQ RQGHU GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH WH OLJJHQ HQ ]LMQ GDDUGRRU DDQ KHW ]LFKW RQWWURNNHQ. 'H $OH[DQGHUÁDW ]RX RS WHUPLMQ YHUYDQJHQ NXQQHQ ZRUGHQ GRRU PHHU YRRUXLWJHVFKRYHQ EHERXZLQJ JHOHHG HQ LQ VFKDDO EHWHU DIJHVWHPG RS KHW GRUS 'RRU ULFKWLQJ ]DO GH QLHXZH EHERXZLQJ GH RSHQEDUH UXLPWH PHHU RPVOXLWHQ HQ ]XOOHQEHZRQHUVYDQGHÁDWHHQRSWLPDDOXLW]LFKWKHEEHQRSGHGXLQHQHQGH]HH. . 2RNGHEHERXZLQJDDQGHQRRUG]LMGH YDQGH=HHZHJNULMJWHHQPHHUJHOHHG HQ JHERJHQ YRUP GLH EHVORWHQKHLG JHHIWDDQKHWRSHQEDDUJHELHG. . +RWHO 0DXULWV ZRUGW RSQLHXZ RSJHERXZG HQ RS GH ]LFKWDV QDDUKHW9UHGHVNHUNMHJHOHJG.

(83) . 7RWDDOEHHOG +RRJWHYHUVFKLOOHQ ZRUGHQLQKHWKLHU JHVFKHWVWHEHHOGRIGRRU WUDSSDUWLMHQRIGRRU GXLQHQYRUPJHJHYHQ ]RGDQLJGDWQDWXXUHQ GRUSYHUZHYHQZRUGHQ %LMKHW5RGH3OHLQZRUGW LQVDPHQKDQJPHW YHUEHWHULQJYDQKRWHO 1DVVDXGHSOLQWQDDUGH VWUDQGRSJDQJLQJULMSHQG RSJHZDDUGHHUG. =LHYRRUHHQWRHOLFKWLQJ RSGHLQGHWHNHQLQJ DDQJHJHYHQFLMIHUVGH KLHUQDRSJHQRPHQEULHI.

(84)

(85)

(86) %LMODJH9RRUZDDUGHQYRRUYHUOHQHQYDQHHQZDWHUYHUJXQQLQJ 9ROJHQV GH FRQFHSW UHJHOV YDQ GH NHXU YDQ KHW +RRJKHHPUDDGVFKDS LQ GH EHERXZGHNRPYDQHHQNXVWSODDWVDFKWHUGHHHUVWHOLMQVEHERXZLQJELQQHQ GHZDWHUNHULQJHQRIEHVFKHUPLQJV]RQH]LMQGHYRRUZDDUGHQYRRUKHWYHUOHQHQ YDQHHQZDWHUYHUJXQQLQJDOVYROJW . +HWZHUNKHHIWJHHQLQYORHGRSKHWJUHQVSURÀHOHQGHDIVODJOLMQ'LW. . PRHWGRRUPLGGHOYDQEHUHNHQLQJHQZRUGHQDDQJHWRRQG. . +HWZHUNLVELQQHQHHQNXVWSODDWVJHOHJHQHQGHEHVFKHUPLQJV]RQH. . YHUVFKXLIWQLHWODQGLQZDDUWV. . +HWZHUNGLHQWHHQPDDWVFKDSSHOLMNEHODQJHQHULVJHHQDOWHUQDWLHYH. . ORFDWLHYRRUKHWZHUN. (HQZDWHUYHUJXQQLQJZRUGWJHZHLJHUGLQGHYROJHQGHJHYDOOHQ . $DQOHJJHQRIKHEEHQYDQKDUGHHOHPHQWHQLQKHWGXLQ. . . RQGHUGHHOYDQKHWZDWHUVWDDWVZHUN]RDOVIXQGHULQJVHOHPHQWHQHHQ. . SDUNHHUJDUDJHRIRQGHUNHOGHULQJ. . $DQOHJJHQRIKHEEHQYDQZHUNHQLQGHGXLQYRHWRQGHUGHHOYDQKHW. . ZDWHUVWDDWVZHUN. . 8LWEUHLGHQYDQEHVWDDQGHYHUKDUGLQJRSGHHHUVWHGXLQHQULM. . $DQOHJJHQRIKHEEHQYDQZHUNHQGLHKHWG\QDPLVFKNDUDNWHUYDQ. . KHWGXLQ]HHZDDUWVEHOHPPHUHQ]RDOVIXQGHULQJVHOHPHQWHQYRRU. . SDYLOMRHQVRIWRHQDPHDDQYHUKDUGLQJ. (UNDQZRUGHQDIJHZHNHQYDQKHWZHLJHUHQYDQHHQZDWHUYHUJXQQLQJLQGLHQHU VSUDNHLVYDQHHQ]ZDDUZHJHQGPDDWVFKDSSHOLMNEHODQJHQZDQQHHUKLHUJHHQ UHsOHDOWHUQDWLHYHQYRRU]LMQ9RRUZDDUGHLVGDWKHWYHLOLJKHLGVQLYHDXYDQGH ZDWHUNHULQJELQQHQGHKLHUYRRUJHVWHOGHQRUPHQEOLMIW.

(87) %LMODJH3ODQPHUHQYRUPYULMHPHU 3ODQPHU 2SEDVLVYDQDUWLNHOYDQGH:HWUXLPWHOLMNHRUGHQLQJLVHHQVWUXFWXXUYLVLH. 9RRUZDWEHWUHIWGHDFWLYLWHLW]RDOVJHQRHPGRQGHUNDQZRUGHQDDQJHJHYHQGDW. HHQ ZHWWHOLMNH HQ YHUSOLFKWH SODQYRUP 2S EDVLV YDQ GH KXLGLJH ZHW HQ. JppQGUHPSHOZDDUGHLQKHWEHVOXLWPHULVDDQJHJHYHQ,QJUHSHQLQGHSULPDLUH. UHJHOJHYLQJNXQQHQHUWZHHUHGHQHQ]LMQZDDUGRRUKHWQRRG]DNHOLMNLVELMHHQ. ZDWHUNHULQJ ]LMQ LQ EHJLQVHO YHUERGHQ =RDOV DDQJHJHYHQ LQ GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLH. VWUXFWXXUYLVLHHHQ3ODQPHURSWHVWHOOHQ. ELHGHQ GH FRQFHSW

(88) UHJHOV YDQ GH .HXU YDQ KHW +RRJKHHPUDDGVFKDS PRJHOLMNKHLG RP DI WH ZLMNHQ PLWV HU VSUDNH LV YDQ HHQ ]ZDDUZHJHQG. 'HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHYRUPWKHWNDGHUYRRUHHQPHU . . . EHRRUGHOLQJVSOLFKWLJHDFWLYLWHLWGDQZHO. PDDWVFKDSSHOLMN EHODQJ HQ ZDQQHHU KLHU JHHQ UHsOH DOWHUQDWLHYHQ YRRU ]LMQ 9RRUZDDUGHLVGDWKHWYHLOLJKHLGVQLYHDXYDQGHZDWHUNHULQJELQQHQGHJHVWHOGH. 'HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHYRUPWKHWNDGHUYRRUDFWLYLWHLWHQZDDUYDQQLHW . QRUPHQ EOLMIW 'H JHPHHQWH ZLO GH VWUDQGRSJDQJHQ LQ EHJLQVHO RSZDDUGHUHQ. NDQZRUGHQXLWJHVORWHQGDW]LMVLJQLÀFDQWQHJDWLHYHHIIHFWHQ]XOOHQ. ]RQGHULQWHJULMSHQLQGHSULPDLUHZDWHUNHULQJ0RFKWHHQEHSHUNWHLQJUHHS. KHEEHQRS1DWXUDJHELHG HQ

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

(90) 6LJQLÀFDQWHHIIHFWHQ 'H VWUXFWXXUYLVLH %HUJHQ DDQ =HH JDDW PHW QDPH RYHU KHW SURÀHO YDQ KHW. 'HYRUPYULMHPHUEHRRUGHOLQJNDQWRWWZHHFRQFOXVLHVOHLGHQ. GRUS ,Q GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLH ZRUGW JHHQ XLWEUHLGLQJ YDQ GH NHUQ YRRUJHVWDDQ LQ. EHODQJULMNHQDGHOLJHPLOLHXJHYROJHQ]LMQXLWJHVORWHQHULVJHHQ. GH ]LQ YDQ ZRQLQJHQ EHGULMYLJKHLG RI GH DDQOHJ YDQ QLHXZH ZHJHQ 2S GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLHNDDUWLVHHQDDQWDO]DNHQZHHUJHJHYHQGLHPRJHOLMNPLOLHXHIIHFWHQ. . PHU EHRRUGHOLQJ

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ÀFDQWH HIIHFWHQ RS 1DWXUD JHELHGHQ ZRUGW. QDGHU EHVOXLW QRGLJ LV ]RDOV HHQ RPJHYLQJVYHUJXQQLQJ YRRU KHW RQGHUGHHO. YHUZDFKW2PJHNHHUGZRUGWLQGH]HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHDOVXLWJDQJVSXQWJHVWHOGGDW. PLOLHX

(92) GDQ LV LQ LHGHU JHYDO HHQ PHUEHRRUGHOLQJ QRRG]DNHOLMN ,V KHW. JHHQVSUDNHPiJ]LMQYDQVLJQLÀFDQWHHIIHFWHQRS1DWXUDJHELHGHQ. EHVWHPPLQJVSODQ RI GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLH NDGHUVWHOOHQG HU LV QRJ ZHO HHQ QDGHU EHVOXLW QRGLJ

(93) GDQ PRHW HU LQ GDW NDGHU HHQ PHU YRRU SODQQHQ JHPDDNW. &RQFOXVLH. ZRUGHQ. *HFRQFOXGHHUGNDQZRUGHQGDWGHSODQYRRUQHPHQVLQGHVWUXFWXXUYLVLHVGRRU. +HW ERYHQVWDDQGH EHWHNHQW GDW DOV ZH LQ HHQ VWUXFWXXUYLVLH HHQ DFWLYLWHLW. DDUG HQ RPYDQJ QDDU YHUZDFKWLQJ JHHQ VLJQLÀ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

(94) RI HHQ PHUEHRRUGHOLQJ. ,Q KHW JHYDO YDQ GH VWUXFWXXUYLVLH %HUJHQ DDQ =HH LV LQ YHUEDQG PHW KHW. RQGHUGHHO'

(95) PRHWZRUGHQRSJHVWHOG. RQGHU]RHNVJHELHGKHUVWUXFWXUHULQJHQKHULQULFKWLQJGHKLHUYRRUUHHGVJHQRHPGH. (HQEHODQJULMNQLHXZHOHPHQWLQKHW%HVOXLWPHULVKHWLQGLFDWLHIPDNHQYDQ. DFWLYLWHLWXLWGH'OLMVWUHOHYDQW. GHJHYDOVGHÀQLWLHV GHGUHPSHOZDDUGHQLQNRORPLQGH'OLMVW

(96) 'LWEHWHNHQW. . $DQOHJRIZLM]LJLQJYDQHHQJHELHGYRRUZRQLQJERXZRIHHQ. GDWKHWEHYRHJGJH]DJPHHUPRHWGRHQGDQRQGHUGHRXGHUHJHOJHYLQJ.RQ. . VWHGHOLMNRQWZLNNHOLQJVSURMHFWPHWLQEHJULSYDQGHERXZYDQ . YURHJHUZRUGHQYROVWDDQPHWGHPHGHGHOLQJLQKHWEHVOXLWGDWGHRPYDQJYDQ. . ZLQNHOFHQWUDRISDUNHHUWHUUHLQHQ. GH DFWLYLWHLW RQGHU GH GUHPSHOZDDUGH ODJ HQ GXV JHHQ PHU EHRRUGHOLQJ

(97) QRRG]DNHOLMN ZDV RQGHU GH QX JHOGHQGH UHJHOLQJ PRHW HHQ PRWLYHULQJ ZRUGHQJHJHYHQ9RRUGH]HWRHWVZRUGWGHWHUPYRUPYULMHPHUEHRRUGHOLQJ JHKDQWHHUG. .

(98) *HHQFRQFUHHWSODQ *HVWHOGPDJZRUGHQGDWKLHUQRJJHHQVSUDNHLVYDQHHQFRQFUHHWSODQPDDU YDQHHQRQGHU]RHNVRSJDYH'HDDUGYDQGHYRRUJHQRPHQDFWLYLWHLWLVIHLWHOLMN QRJRQYROGRHQGHGXLGHOLMN'HKHUVWUXFWXUHULQJVRSJDYH]DODOOHHQWRWXLWYRHULQJ NXQQHQNRPHQPLGGHOVKHWYROJHQYDQHHQSODQRORJLVFKMXULGLVFKHSURFHGXUH,Q GDWNDGHU]DOHHQQDGHUHPLOLHXEHRRUGHOLQJSODDWVYLQGHQHQ]RQRGLJHHQPHU EHRRUGHOLQJZRUGHQXLWJHYRHUG 2PYDQJEHSHUNW 7HYHQVNDQZRUGHQJHVWHOGGDWGHRPYDQJYDQGHLQJUHSHQYULMEHSHUNWLV+HW JHELHGLVNOHLQLQDIPHWLQJHQHQZDWHU]RXNXQQHQJHEHXUHQKHHIWYRRUDOWH PDNHQPHWKHULQULFKWLQJHQPHWKHUVWUXFWXUHULQJYDQEHVWDDQGHJHERXZHQHQ IXQFWLHV8LWJDQJVSXQWLVGDDUELMGDWKHWYHLOLJKHLGVQLYHDXYDQGHZDWHUNHULQJ QLHWZRUGWDDQJHWDVW &RQFOXVLH +RHZHO GLYHUVH PLOLHXDVSHFWHQ DDQ GH RUGH ]LMQ SULPDLUH ZDWHUNHULQJ NXVWIXQGDPHQW 1DWXUD JHELHGHQ (FRORJLVFKH +RRIGVWUXFWXXU DDUGNXQGLJHHQDUFKHRORJLVFKHZDDUGHQVWLOWHJHELHG

(99) ZRUGWJHFRQFOXGHHUGGDW JHHQVSUDNHLVYDQEHODQJULMNHQHJDWLHYHJHYROJHQYRRUKHWPLOLHXGRRUGHLQ GHVWUXFWXXUYLVLHRSJHQRPHQSODQYRRUQHPHQVGDQZHOGDWGH]HYRRUQHPHQVQRJ DOV RQGHU]RHNVRSJDYH ]LMQ JHIRUPXOHHUG ZDDUELM PLOLHXDVSHFWHQ QDGUXNNHOLMN ZRUGHQPHHJHQRPHQLQGHSODQYRUPLQJHQ.

(100) %LMODJH$DQGDFKWVSXQWHQGRHOJURHSHQYDQEHOHLG ,Q GH]H ELMODJH ]LMQ DDQGDFKWVSXQWHQ RSJHQRPHQ YRRU GH GRHOJURHSHQ YDQ EHOHLGGLHLQGH]HVWUXFWXXUYLVLHDDQGHRUGH]LMQ +HWEHWUHIWDOJHPHQHLQIRUPDWLHRYHUGH]HGRHOJURHSHQWHUYHUGXLGHOLMNLQJYDQ. 'RHOJURHS. $DQGDFKWVSXQWHQ RSHQEDUHUXLPWH. $DQGDFKWVSXQWHQ YHUYRHUHQYHUNHHU. $DQGDFKWVSXQWHQ DFFRPPRGDWLHHQ YRRU]LHQLQJHQ. *H]LQQHQHQ NLQGHUHQ. .OHLQHZDQGHOURQGMHV $DQWUHNNHOLMNKHLG QDWXXUOLMNHVSHHOJHOH JHQKHLGODQJVZDQGHO URXWH =LFKWEDDUKHLGYDQ GXLQHQERVHQVWUDQG YDQDINLQGKRRJWH =LFKWEDDUKHLGDWWUDF WLHV $DQNRQGLJLQJDWWUDF WLHV VSRRUEHZHJZLM ]HULQJ

(101) . 9HLOLJKHLG $DQWUHNNHOLMNKHLGYDQ GHUHLV. 6OHFKWZHHUDFFRP PRGDWLHVURQGGLHUHQ QDWXXUHQNXQVW 2YHUGHNWH]ZHPJHOH JHQKHLG 0RJHOLMNKHLGQDWXXUOLMN VSHOHQ 9HUVWHUNLQJYDQEHOHHI EDDUKHLGQDWXXUZDDU GHQ 2SHQEDUH WRLOHWJHOHJHQKHLG. 1DWXXUOLHI KHEEHU. 1DWXXUOLMNHPDWHULDOHQ 'XXU]DPHYRUPHQYDQ ,QIRUPDWLHQDWXXU *HHQRYHUDDQERGYDQ %HSHUNWHEHERUGLQJ YHUYRHU ERUGHQ 7RHJDQNHOLMNKHLGQD WXXU. 6HQLRUHQ. 5RQGMHVHQURXWHVPHW YDULDWLHLQDIVWDQGHQ 5XLPDDQERGZDQGHO HQÀHWVJHOHJHQKHLG PHWKHWRRJRSQDWXXU EHOHYLQJHQUXVW 7RHJHVSLWVWHPRJHOLMN KHGHQVSRUWEHRHIH QLQJ. &RPIRUWYDQGHUHLV %HUHLNEDDUKHLGSHU DXWR %HVFKLNEDDUKHLG SDUNHHUJHOHJHQKHLGRS UHGHOLMNHDIVWDQGYDQ GHEHVWHPPLQJ $DQERGHOHNWULVFK ÀHWVHQRSODDGSXQWHQ HOHNWULVFKÀHWVHQ. :HOOQHVVHQJH]RQG KHLG ,QIRUPDWLHSXQWHQURQG QDWXXUHQFXOWXXU 2YHUGHNWH]ZHPJHOH JHQKHLG 2SHQEDUH WRLOHWJHOHJHQKHLG. /LFKDPHOLMN JHKDQGLFDS WHQ YLVXHHO DXGLWLHIRI PRWRULVFK

(102). %HODQJLQIRUPDWLH YRRUDIRYHUWRHJDQNH OLMNKHLG %LMYRRUNHXUJHHQ DSDUWDDQERGPDDUVD PHQYDOOHQGPHWURXWHV YRRUNLQGHUZDJHQVHQ VNDWHUV 9ROGRHQGHEUHGH SDGHQJHHQREVWDNHOV QLHWWHYHHOKRRJWHYHU VFKLOOHQ =LWJHOHJHQKHLG. 9HLOLJKHLG %HODQJRSHQEDDU YHUYRHU %HUHLNEDDUKHLGSHU DXWRHQEHVFKLNEDDU KHLGSDUNHHUJHOHJHQ KHLGELMEHVWHPPLQJ $DQERG HOHNWULVFKH

(103) WDQGHPV. 9HUEOLMIVDFFRPPRGDWLH DIJHVWHPGRSJHKDQGL FDSWHQ 1DWXXUHQNXQVWEHOH YLQJYDQXLWYHUVFKLO OHQGH]LQWXLJHQ %HVFKLNEDDUKHLGLQYDOL GHQWRLOHW. GH]DNHQGLHELMGH]HGRHOJURHSHQYDQEHODQJ]LMQ.

(104) Colofon Opdrachtgever *HPHHQWH%HUJHQ. Contactpersoon (GH:DDUG. Samenstelling %JHO+DMHPD$GYLVHXUV. Projectleiding 0LVFKD7HHQVPD. Vormgeving +DQQHNHYDQGHU/HL. Projectnummer . . Bronnen: 9HUNHQQLQJULMNVDJHQGDNULPSHQUXLPWHPLQLVWHULHYDQ9520 'HWRHNRPVWYDQWRHULVPHUHFUHDWLHHQYULMHWLMGNHQQLVFHQWUXPUHFUHDWLH $JHQGDUHFUHDWLHHQWRHULVPHLQ1RRUG+ROODQGSURYLQFLH1RRUG+ROODQG &%6 7RHULVPHLQSHUVSHFWLHI1%7& 6WLFKWLQJUHFUHDWLHUHFUHDWLHRSOHHIWLMG .HQQLVFHQWUXPUHFUHDWLH1DWXXUPHWHHQEHSHUNLQJ.

(105)

No results found