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The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19776 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.

Author: Runtuwene, Vincent Jimmy

Title: Functional characterization of protein-tyrosine phosphatases in zebrafish development using image analysis

Date: 2012-09-12

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Summarizing Discussion

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162

—”‹‰‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘–Š‡œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š‘”’Š‘Ž‘‰›—†‡”‰‘‡•ƒ†”ƒ•–‹……Šƒ‰‡

ˆ”‘ƒǮ‹˜‡”–‡†…—’ǯǦ•Šƒ’‡–‘ƒƒ””‘™ƒ†Ž‘‰„‘†›ˆ”ƒ‡ǤŠ‹•‹’”‡••‹˜‡

”‡‘†‡Ž‹‰ ‹• †—‡ ‹ ‰”‡ƒ– ’ƒ”– –‘ –Š‡ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ƒ”› …‘•‡”˜‡†  ‘˜‡‡–•ǡ

™Š‹…Šƒ”‡…”—…‹ƒŽˆ‘”’”‘’‡”‘”‰ƒƒŽƒ‰‡’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ…‘•‡“—‡…‡ƒ”‡

‡••‡–‹ƒŽˆ‘”‘”ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǤŠ‡…‡ŽŽ•…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡Ž›’‘Žƒ”‹œ‡ǡ!"#"‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‡ƒ†

‘”‹‡––Š‡‹”Ž‘‰‡•–ƒš‹•‹‡†‹‘Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ†‹”‡…–‹‘ǡƒ†‹‰”ƒ–‡–‘™ƒ”†•–Š‡†‘”•ƒŽ

‹†Ž‹‡ǡ™Š‡”‡…‡ŽŽ‹–‡”…ƒŽƒ–‹‘‘……—”•Ǥƒ›‰‡‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†”‡‰—Ǧ

Žƒ–‹‰‘˜‡‡–•ǡƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡‡šƒ…–‡…Šƒ‹•”‡ƒ‹•—…Ž‡ƒ”Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ

—–ƒ–•ƒ†‘”’Šƒ–’Š‡‘–›’‡•Šƒ˜‡•Š‘™–Šƒ–ƒŽ‘••‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒǦ

–‹‘‹•ƒ‡›ˆƒ…–‘”—†‡”Ž›‹‰–Š‡”‡•—Ž–‹‰ǡ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…ǡ•Š‘”–‡”ƒ†„”‘ƒ†‡”

‡„”›‘’Š‡‘–›’‡•Ǥ

”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›ǡ™‡Šƒ˜‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ƒŽŽ‡„‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ…Žƒ••‹…ƒŽ•

‹–Š‡œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š‰‡‘‡ƒ†’”‘˜‹†‡†ƒ†‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡•’ƒ–‹‘Ǧ–‡’‘”ƒŽ

‡š’”‡••‹‘’ƒ––‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Ͷͺ•†—”‹‰‡ƒ”Ž›‡„”›‘‹…†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–Ǥ 

–Š‹•–Š‡•‹•ǡ™‡ˆ‘…—•‘–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ•‹‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ƒ†‡š–‡Ǧ

•‹‘ȋȌ…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ

—…–‹‘ƒŽ•…”‡‡‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ…Žƒ••‹…ƒŽ•—•‹‰•‹–Š‡œ‡„”ƒϔ‹•Š•›•$

%#&'

 •‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ”ƒ„Ž› ‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡– ‘”’Š‘Ž‹‘ ‹…”‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘ ‘…†‘™

–‡…Š‹“—‡•‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Šǡ™‡‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡†–Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘‘ˆˆ‘—”œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š‰‡‡•

!(%()*ǡ(%()#*"+ǡ(%(,-.ǡƒ†(%(,/0Ȍ‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ !"#$%&'(

)‹–‹••Š‘™–Šƒ–(%()*ǡ(%()#*'ƒ†(%()#+‘–‘Ž›’Žƒ›ƒ”‘Ž‡‹–Š‡’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘

™Š‹…Š—†‡”Ž‹‡•–Š‡‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘‘”’Š‘‰‡‡–‹…‘˜‡‡–•ǡ™‡ƒŽ•‘•’‡…—Žƒ–‡

–Šƒ––Š‡›‘’‡”ƒ–‡‹ƒ’ƒ–Š™ƒ›™Š‹…Š”‡‰—Žƒ–‡•…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›–Š”‘—‰Š”…ˆƒ‹Ǧ

Ž›‹ƒ•‡• ›ƒ†‡•ǡƒ†Š‘‹’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž–‘–Š‡‘Ǧ…ƒ‘‹…ƒŽ–’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ

#$%&'(%()*ƒ†(%()#*1+‘”’Šƒ–•ƒ†(%()*ǦȀǦ—–ƒ–••Š‘™–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Ǧ

‹•–‹…•Š‘”–‡”’Š‡‘–›’‡•ƒ’’ƒ”‡–ƒ–ͶͺŠ’ˆȋ“—ƒ–‹ϐ‹‡†„›–ƒ‹ŽŽ‡‰–ŠȌƒ†Ž‘••‘ˆ

…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š†‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ –™ƒ••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡‘…†‘™…‘—Ž†

„‡ƒŽŽ‡˜‹ƒ–‡†„›…‘‹Œ‡…–‹‘™‹–Š…‘•–‹–—–‹˜‡Ž›ƒ…–‹˜‡ ›ƒ†‡•ƒ†Š‘ǡƒ

™‡ŽŽǦ‘™†‘™•–”‡ƒ‡ˆˆ‡…–‘”‘ˆ‘Ǧ…ƒ‘‹…ƒŽ–•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰Ǥ‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ

‘ˆ(%()*'$('(%()#™‹–Š–ͳͳ‘”˜‹…‡˜‡”•ƒ†‹†‘–”‡•—Ž–‹ƒŽŽ‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘

‘ˆ–Š‡’Š‡‘–›’‡ǡ‹†‹…ƒ–‹‰ƒ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž’ƒ–Š™ƒ›–‘–Š‡‘Ǧ…ƒ‘‹…ƒŽ–•‹‰ƒŽǦ

‹‰Ž‡ƒ†‹‰–‘Š‘ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

ƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†…‡ŽŽ–”ƒ…‹‰ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š™ƒ•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†–‘†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡‹Ǧ

‰”ƒ–‹‘•’‡‡†•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ…‡ŽŽ•ƒ†™ƒ•—•‡†–‘†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ƒ•‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ–†‹ˆǦ

ˆ‡”‡…‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ƒ†‡š–‡•‹‘”ƒ–‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘

…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•‘ˆ(%()*ǦȀǦŠ‘‘œ›‰‘—•—–ƒ–‡„”›‘•ƒ†™‹Ž†–›’‡ȋ™–Ȍ•‹„Ǧ

Ž‹‰•Ǥ ‘”–Š‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡•‘‹–‹…‡•‘†‡”ǡƒ

‡–Š‘†™ƒ•†‡˜‹•‡†–‘‘”‡‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›“—ƒ–‹ˆ›–Š‡•Šƒ’‡•‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ•™‹–Š‹ƒ–‹••—‡

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„ƒ•‡†‘…‘ˆ‘…ƒŽ‹ƒ‰‡•Ǥ …‘–”ƒ•––‘–Š‡…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ‡–Š‘†ǡ™Š‹…Š”‡Ž‹‡•‘

ƒ—ƒŽƒ‘–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ‘—–Ž‹‡ǡ–Š‹•‡–Š‘†ƒ’’Ž‹‡•—•‡”†‡–‡”‹‡†‹ƒ‰‡

’”‘…‡••‹‰•–‡’•–‘ϐ‹Ž–‡”‘—––Š‡‘—–Ž‹‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ•‹–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡•ȋƒƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†

ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Šˆ‘”–Š‹•Šƒ•„‡‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†ƒ†’”‡•‡–‡†‹"#$%&'()*ȌǤ

+#$%&'(),ǡ)™‡)‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†Ǧƒ†–’ʹͲƒ••–”—…–—”ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒŽ‘‰—‡•

ƒ††‡–‡”‹‡†„‘–Š–‘„‡…”‹–‹…ƒŽ–‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ƒ•…‘’‘‡–•‘ˆƒ•›•Ǧ

–‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‰…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›‹…‘…‡”–™‹–Š_ƒ†¡Ǥ‡†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡

–Šƒ–ˆ—ŽŽ‘…†‘™‘ˆǦƒ†–’ʹͲ”‡•—Ž–•‹†‡ˆ‡…–•”‡‹‹•…‡–‘ˆ–Š‡

’Š‡‘–›’‡•”‡•—Ž–‹‰ˆ”‘_ƒ†¡‘…†‘™ǤŠ‹Ž‡‘…†‘™•‘ˆ

_ƒ†¡™‡”‡”‡•…—‡†„›…‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘‘ˆƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡†Š‘ǡ‘…†‘™•

‘ˆǦƒ†–’ʹͲ™‡”‡”‡•…—‡†„›…‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ†‘‹ƒ–‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Š‘Ǥ

‡š–ǡ—•‹‰…‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ•—„‘’–‹ƒŽƒ‘—–•‘ˆ•ǡ‰‡‡–‹…‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘•™‡”‡

‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„‡–™‡‡!"#$ȋ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ƒ•ƒŠ‘Ǧ Ȍƒ†%&%'(!%&%'#)ƒ†„‡–™‡‡

(*'"(%+,ȋ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ƒ•ƒŠ‘ǦȌƒ†%&%!-.)ƒ†%&%!+/Ǥ—”†ƒ–ƒ•Š‘™•–Šƒ–

Ǧǡ–’ʹͲǡ_ƒ†¡ˆ—…–‹‘‹’ƒ‹”•ǡ™Š‡”‡Ž‘™†‘•‡…‘Ǧ‘…Ǧ

†‘™‘ˆ%&%'(ƒ†%&%!-.”‡•—Ž–‡†‹ƒ•‡˜‡”‡’Š‡‘–›’‡ƒ†…‘Ǧ‘…†‘™‘ˆ)

%&%'(ƒ†%&%!+/†‹†‘–Ǥ‹‹Žƒ”Ž›ǡ%&%'#ƒ†)%&%!+/ǡ„—–‘–%&%!-.”‡•—Ž–‡†‹

•›‡”‰‹•–‹…‡ˆˆ‡…–•Ǥ‡Š›’‘–Š‡•‹œ‡–Šƒ–ƒ•›‡–”‹…†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘Ǧ

ƒ†Š‘Ǧ‘˜‡”–Š‡Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ƒ†–”ƒ‹Ž‹‰‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ‹•”‡“—‹”‡†ˆ‘”’”‘’‡”

’‘Žƒ”‹–›ƒ†‹‰”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‡’”‘’‘•‡–Šƒ–_ƒ†¡ƒ…–‘‘‡•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡

…‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‘”•‘ˆŠ‘ǡ™Š‹Ž‡Ǧƒ†–’ʹͲ‡š‡”––Š‡‹”ˆ—…–‹‘‘–Š‡

‘’’‘•‹–‡•‹†‡ƒ•‹Š‹„‹–‘”•Ǥ —ŽŽ‘…†‘™‘ˆ‡‹–Š‡”‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘’‘‡–•™‹ŽŽ

‘™Ǧ†‘•‡‘…†‘™‘ˆ–Š‡•‹‰Ž‡…‘’‘‡–•‘Ž›‹Ž†Ž›”‡†—…‡•Š‘ǦȀ

Š‘ǦŽ‡˜‡Ž•ǡ„—–†‘‡•‘–”‡•—Ž–‹Ž‘••‘ˆ’‘Žƒ”‹–›„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ‘”ƒŽ•‹‰ƒŽǦ

‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹‰ •‹†‡Ǥ ‘„‹‹‰ Ž‘™Ǧ†‘•‡ ‘…†‘™ ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ

Ž‡ƒ†•–‘”‡†—…‡†ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘‘‘‡•‹†‡ƒ†”‡†—…‡†‹Š‹„‹–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘

‘–Š‡‘–Š‡”•‹†‡ǡ”‡•—Ž–‹‰‹Ž‘••‘ˆ’‘Žƒ”‹–›ǡƒ†ƒ•ƒ…‘•‡“—‡…‡†‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ –

”‡ƒ‹•–‘„‡†‡–‡”‹‡†™Š‹…Š‡…Šƒ‹•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ—’•–”‡ƒƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘

‘ˆ•ǡ•—„…‡ŽŽ—Žƒ”Ž‘…ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ•—„•–”ƒ–‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹…‹–›‘”…‡ŽŽ–›’‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹…‡š’”‡•Ǧ

•‹‘ƒ›—†‡”Ž›–Š‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹…‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡…‘„‹‡†‘…†‘™•Ǥ

 +#$%&'()-ǡ™‡’‡”ˆ‘”‡†ƒ•…”‡‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ…Žƒ••‹…ƒŽ•–‘‹†‡Ǧ

–‹ˆ›‰‡‡•™‹–Šƒ”‘Ž‡‹‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•ŠǤ‘‘—”‘™ŽǦ

‡†‰‡ǡ–Š‹•‹•–Š‡ϐ‹”•––‹‡ƒǦ•…”‡‡Šƒ•„‡‡’‡”ˆ‘”‡†‘ƒ‡–‹”‡ˆƒ‹Ž›

‘ˆ’”‘–‡‹•Ǥ‡†‡•‹‰‡†ʹ‹†‡’‡†‡–•’Ž‹…‡•‹–‡‘”’Š‘Ž‹‘•ˆ‘”‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡

Ͷͺ‰‡‡•ǡ‡…‘†‹‰•Ǥ –Š‡ϐ‹”•–”‘—†ƒŽŽ‡„”›‘•™‡”‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†‘”’Š‘Ǧ

Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›ǡ„›“—ƒ–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡–ƒ‹ŽŽ‡‰–Šƒ–͹ʹŠ’ˆǡƒ•ƒ‡ƒ•—”‡‡–ˆ‘”„‘†›ƒš‹•

‡š–‡•‹‘ǡƒŠƒŽŽƒ”‘ˆ†‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ‘•‹–‹˜‡Š‹–•™‡”‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†„ƒ•‡†‘„‘–Š

•…ƒ—•‹‰•‹‹Žƒ”’Š‡‘–›’‡•ǤŠ‹•”‡•—Ž–‡†‹–Š‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆˆ‘—”…ƒ†‹Ǧ

†ƒ–‡‰‡‡•™‹–Šƒ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ”‘Ž‡‹ǤŠ‡•‡’‘•‹–‹˜‡Š‹–•™‡”‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†‹†‡–ƒ‹Ž

ˆ‘”†‡ˆ‡…–•‹–Š‡•‡…‘†”‘—†„›‹•‹–—Š›„”‹†‹œƒ–‹‘—•‹‰™‡ŽŽǦ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†

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ƒ”‡”•ˆ‘”…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ǤŠ‡–‘‘Ž•†‡•…”‹„‡†‹!"#$%&'()™‡”‡—•‡†–‘

ƒ••‡••†‡ˆ‡…–•‹…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡•‘‹–‹…‡•‘†‡”Ǥƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘Ǧ

’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•™‹–Šˆ‘—”’‘•‹–‹˜‡…‘–”‘Ž•ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ•™‹–Šƒ‘™

”‘Ž‡‹…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ȋ!"!#$%&!"!#'$()%&!"!*++%&!"!#,$-%‘‡ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽǡ

!"!#.$ǡ™ƒ•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ƒ•‡••‡–‹ƒŽˆ‘”‘”ƒŽ‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ

 Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡‡ƒ•‡‘ˆ…‘„‹‹‰•„›…‘Ǧ‹Œ‡…–‹‘ƒŽŽ‘™•ˆ‘”ƒ‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–

‡–Š‘†ˆ‘”•‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•‘…†‘™‘ˆ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‰‡‡•ƒ†Šƒ•’”‘˜‡–‘„‡ƒ

˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡–‡…Š‹“—‡‹‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰‰‡‡•‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰‹–Š‡•ƒ‡•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰’ƒ–Š™ƒ›

ƒ†‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰”‡†—†ƒ…›„‡–™‡‡‘Š‘Ž‘‰•ȋ*"#$%&'(+(#,-(./Ǥ‡‘„˜‹‘—•

•‡–„ƒ…‹–Š‡‹”—•‡ˆ‘”•…”‡‡‹‰ˆ‘”’Š‡‘–›’‡•‹•–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ––Š‡’Š‡‘Ǧ

–›’‡ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ’‘•‹–‹˜‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‘”’Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡ ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ ƒ •Š‘”–‡”

„‘†›ƒš‹•ǡ‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ‘™‘Ǧ•’‡…‹ϐ‹…‘”’Š‘Ž‹‘‹†—…‡†ƒ”–‡ˆƒ…–ǡƒ‹‰–Š‡

—•‡‘ˆ…‘–”‘Ž•ˆ‘”‘”’Š‘Ž‹‘•’‡…‹ϐ‹…‹–›™ƒ””ƒ–‡†ȏͳȐǤ

†‡–‹ϔ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ•Ǧ ͸ͺǡƒ‘˜‡Ž‘‘ƒǦƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†—/

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‘‘ƒ •›†”‘‡ ‹• ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› …‘‘ †‘‹ƒ–Ž› ‹Š‡”‹–‡† ‰‡‡–‹…

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ†‹•‘”†‡”–Šƒ–‹•…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†„›”‡†—…‡†‰”‘™–Šǡ‘”„‹–ƒŽŠ›’‡”–‡Ǧ

Ž‘”‹•ǡƒ†…‘‰‡‹–ƒŽŠ‡ƒ”–†‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ –‹•…Žƒ••‹ϐ‹‡†ƒ•ƒ‘’ƒ–Š›ǡƒ‰”‘—’‘ˆ‰‡Ǧ

‡–‹…†‹•‘”†‡”•‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡—†‡”Ž›‹‰…ƒ—•‡‹•ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š†›•”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ

–Š‡ƒ•Ǧ‹–‘‰‡Ǧƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡†Ǧ’”‘–‡‹Ǧ‹ƒ•‡ȋǦȌ•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰’ƒ–Š™ƒ›ǤߗͷͲΨ

‘ˆ‘‘ƒ’ƒ–‹‡–•’”‡•‡–™‹–Šƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‰—–ƒ–‹‘•‹ͷͷǡƒ‰‡‡‡…‘†Ǧ

‹‰ ʹǡƒ™Š‹…Š”‡‰—Žƒ–‡••‹‰ƒŽ‹‰—’•–”‡ƒ‹–Š‡Ǧ’ƒ–Š™ƒ›

ȏʹȐǤ –Š‡” —–ƒ–‹‘• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ‘‘ƒ •›†”‘‡ ƒ”‡ ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘—† ‹ –Š‹•

’ƒ–Š™ƒ›ǡƒ‡Ž›ͳȏ͵ǡͶȐǡȏͷǡ͸Ȑǡ ʹȏ͹Ȑǡ ͳƒ† ȏ͵ǡͷǡͺȐǤƒ”Ǧ

Ž‹‡”™‘”Šƒ•ƒŽ•‘•Š‘™–Šƒ–‘‘ƒƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†—–ƒ–‹‘•‹23!4ǡ–Š‡œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š

!"#$!%!&'!('2564‹†—…‡‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘†‡ˆ‡…–•‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•ŠȏͻȐǤ

‡…‡–Ž› –™‘ —–ƒ–‹‘• ‹  ™‡”‡ ”‡’‘”–‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š

‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡ǡͷͲ ƒ†͸ͲȏͳͲȐǤ *"#$%&'(0ǡ™‡”‡’‘”–ƒ—–ƒ–‹‘‹

ǡ ”‡•—Ž–‹‰ ‹ ƒ ʹͶ ƒ‹‘ ƒ…‹† •—„•–‹–—–‹‘ǡ –Šƒ– ™‡ ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† ‹ ‹†‹Ǧ

˜‹†—ƒŽ„‡ƒ”‹‰–›’‹…ƒŽ‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ǤŠ‡ ʹͶ—–ƒ–‹‘ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡•

Ǧƒ•ǡ”‡•—Ž–‹‰‹‡Šƒ…‡††‘™•–”‡ƒ•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰ǤŠ‹•‹•–Š‡ϐ‹”•–”‡’‘”–‘ˆƒ

ʹͶ—–ƒ–‹‘‹ƒ›‹•‘ˆ‘”ǤŠ‡•—””‘—†‹‰”‡‰‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡—–ƒ–‹‘ǡ™Š‹…Š

‹•Ž‘…ƒŽ‹œ‡†„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ǦŽ‘‘’ǡ‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹—…Ž‡‘–‹†‡„‹†‹‰ǡƒ†™‹–…Š ǡ‹Ǧ

˜‘Ž˜‡†‹‡ˆˆ‡…–‘”„‹†‹‰ǡ‹•Š‹‰ŠŽ›…‘•‡”˜‡†„‡–™‡‡ǦǡǦǡƒ† ǦǤ

Š‹•–‘‰‡–Š‡”™‹–Š–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–—–ƒ–‹‘•‹ʹʹŠƒ˜‡„‡‡ˆ‘—†‹’ƒ–‹‡–•†‹Ǧ

ƒ‰‘•‡†™‹–Š‘‘ƒȋʹʹȌƒ†‘–Š‡”ƒ•‘’ƒ–Š‹‡•ȋʹʹƒ†ʹʹȌȏͳͳǡͳʹȐǡ

•—‰‰‡•–•ƒ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›”‘Ž‡ˆ‘”–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘‘ˆ™Š‹…Š–Š‡‡…Šƒ‹•”‡ƒ‹•–‘„‡

‡Ž—…‹†ƒ–‡†Ǥ

š’”‡••‹‘‘ˆǦƒ•Ǧ ʹͶǡǦƒ•͸Ͳ‘”–Š‡•–”‘‰Ž›ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‰—–ƒ–

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Ǧƒ• ͳʹǡ ™Š‹…Š ™‡ ‹…Ž—†‡† ƒ• ƒ ’‘•‹–‹˜‡ …‘–”‘Žǡ ”‡•—Ž–‡† ‹ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’Ǧ

‡–ƒŽ†‡ˆ‡…–•‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š‡„”›‘•ǡ†‡‘•–”ƒ–‹‰ˆ‘”–Š‡ϐ‹”•––‹‡–Šƒ––Š‡•‡

ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‰Ǧƒ•—–ƒ–•ƒ”‡•—ˆϐ‹…‹‡––‘‹†—…‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ†‹•‘”†‡”•–Šƒ–

”‡•‡„Ž‡–Š‡†‡ˆ‡…–•‹†—…‡†„›ƒ…–‹˜‡—–ƒ–•‘ˆ†‘™•–”‡ƒˆƒ…–‘”•ǡǦ ǡ

 Ǧͳƒ†ǡˆ”‘‘‘ƒƒ†”‡Žƒ–‡†•›†”‘‡•ȏͳ͵ȐǤŠ‡•‡†‡ˆ‡…–•‹œ‡Ǧ

„”ƒϐ‹•Š‡„”›‘•ƒ”‡”‡‹‹•…‡–‘ˆ•›’–‘•‹‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•™‹–Š‘‘ƒ•›Ǧ

†”‘‡Ǥ‡™‡”‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘•Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡•‡•›’–‘•ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘„‡ƒ”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ†‡Ǧ

ˆ‡…–‹˜‡…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡•—Ž–‹‰ƒ„„‡”ƒ–‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ

‹Š‹„‹–‹‘ǡ—•‹‰–Š‡•ƒŽŽ‘Ž‡…—Žƒ”‹Š‹„‹–‘” ǦͳͲͶͲǡ…‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›”‡•…—‡†

–Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡†Ǧƒ•Ǧ‹†—…‡†’Š‡‘–›’‡•ǡ†‡‘•–”ƒ–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡†‡ˆ‡…–•ƒ”‡

‡†‹ƒ–‡†‡š…Ž—•‹˜‡Ž›„›ƒ•Ǧ•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰ǤŠ‹•ϐ‹†‹‰ƒŽ•‘”ƒ‹•‡•–Š‡’‘••‹„‹ŽǦ

‹–›‘ˆ—•‹‰’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ‹Š‹„‹–‘”•‹–Š‡–”‡ƒ–‡–‘ˆ‘’ƒ–Š‹‡•‘”‘–Š‡”

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ†‹•‘”†‡”•…ƒ—•‡†„›‘˜‡”ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Ǧ’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ

…‘…Ž—•‹‘ǡ—–ƒ–‹‘•‹ˆ”‘‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•™‹–Š‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡

ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡† Ǧƒ• •‹‰ƒŽ‹‰ ƒ† ‹†—…‡† †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ †‡ˆ‡…–• ‹ œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š ‡Ǧ

„”›‘•ǡ‹†‹…ƒ–‹‰–Šƒ–ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‰—–ƒ–‹‘•‹…ƒ—•‡‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥ

!"#$%&'()*%++,-$&#-.&#/0)"#0%.&#1$)(,02"+

—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•ƒ†…Ž‡ƒ””‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽ–‘

‘†‡”†ƒ›„‹‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ–—†›‹‰…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡…‡ŽŽ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘•ǡˆ‘”‹•–ƒ…‡†—”‹‰‰ƒ•Ǧ

–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•”‡“—‹”‡•–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‡–‡ˆˆ‡…–‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒǦ

–‹‘ƒ†Ȁ‘”†‹•’Žƒ…‡‡–•‘ˆƒŽƒ”‰‡—„‡”‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ•™‹–Š‹ƒ–‹••—‡”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ

‡ƒ•—”‡‡–•‘ˆƒˆ‡™‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ȏͳͶȐǤ

 ‘”ƒƒŽ›œ‹‰†‡ˆ‡…–•‹œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Šǡ“—ƒ–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡…‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡†‘”‹‡Ǧ

–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‘””ƒ†‘‹œƒ–‹‘‡˜‹†‡–Ž›”‡“—‹”‡•–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ“—‹–‡ƒ—„‡”‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ•

‹‘”†‡”–‘‘„–ƒ‹”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡†ƒ–ƒǤŠ‡ƒ‘–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ‡„”ƒ‡•”‡“—‹”‡†

ˆ‘”ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘‹•—•—ƒŽŽ›…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–ƒ—ƒŽŽ›ǡƒ‹‰‹––‹‡

…‘•—‹‰ǡ–‡†‹‘—•ǡƒ†•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Ǥ "#$%&'()*™‡†‡•…”‹„‡–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–

‘ˆƒƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š‡ŽŽ—–Ž‹‡”ˆ‘”–Š‡†‡–‡…–‹‘‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ‡„”ƒ‡•ǡ–‘

ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡†ƒ–ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘ˆ‘”’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǤŠ‡‡–Š‘†™ƒ•’”‘˜‡–‘„‡

‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡—•‹‰†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ϐŽ—‘”‡•…‡–ƒ”‡”•ƒ†‘†ƒ–ƒ•‡–•„‘–Šˆ”‘œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š

ƒ†‹…‡Ǥ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡƒ‘˜‡Ž‡–Š‘†‘ˆ‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽ†ƒ–ƒ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‹•‹–”‘Ǧ

†—…‡† …ƒŽŽ‡† ‡ŽŽ ‘•‡•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ƒ††• –Š‡ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ …‘””‡Žƒ–‹‘

„‡–™‡‡„‘–Š†‡ϐ‹‹‰“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ…‡ŽŽ‡Ž‘‰ƒǦ

–‹‘ƒ†‡†‹‘ǦŽƒ–‡”ƒŽ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ„›’Ž‘––‹‰–Š‡‘‘‡…‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡‰”ƒ’Š

”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡‘‡•Ǥ•ƒ’”‘‘ˆǦ‘ˆǦ’”‹…‹’Ž‡–Š‹•‡–Š‘†™ƒ•—•‡†–‘ƒƒǦ

Ž›œ‡–Š‡’”‡•‘‹–‹…‡•‘†‡”‘ˆ'0'(#ǦȀǦ—–ƒ–œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Šǡƒ™‡ŽŽǦ†‡•…”‹„‡†

’Š‡‘–›’‡ǤŠ‡‡ŽŽ‘•‡•…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›•Š‘™‡†–Š‡…‘…‘‹–ƒ–Ž‘••‘ˆ‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘ƒ†

‡†‹‘Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‡ŽŽ•‹–Š‡—–ƒ––‹••—‡•‹…‘’ƒ”‹•‘–‘™–

•‹„Ž‹‰•Ǥ

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‡˜‡”ƒŽƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†‹ƒ‰‡’”‘…‡••‹‰ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š•™‡”‡ƒŽ•‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†ˆ‘”

–Š‡†‡–‡…–‹‘ƒ†–”ƒ…‹‰‘ˆ—…Ž‡—•…‡–‡”’‘•‹–‹‘•ǡ–Š‡Žƒ–‡•–˜‡”•‹‘ƒ‡†

—‰ƒ”—•Šȋƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡—’‘”‡“—‡•–ȌǤ !"#$%&'()ƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†…‡ŽŽ–”ƒ…‹‰‹•—•‡†

–‘†‡–‡”‹‡ƒ†…‘’ƒ”‡–Š‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡‡š–‡•‹‘ƒ†…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡•’‡‡†•‘ˆœ‡Ǧ

„”ƒϐ‹•Š!"!#$%&%–‘™–•‹„Ž‹‰•ƒ’Ž‡•ǤŠ‹Ž‡—Ž–‹’Ž‡’”‘‰”ƒ•ƒ”‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”

•–ƒ†ƒ”†‘„Œ‡…––”ƒ…‹‰–ƒ••ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ȋ‘Ž‹‡‘”‹Š‘—•‡Ȍ’”‘‰”ƒ•

™‡”‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘–”ƒ…‡‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›‘”ƒ……—”ƒ–‡Ž›ǡ–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡—„‡”•‘ˆ…‡ŽŽ•‡‡†‡†ˆ‘”

‡•–‹ƒ–‹‰–Š‡•‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡‹‰”ƒ–‹‰•’‡‡†•ǡ™Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†‘ƒ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ’–‘’

…‘’—–‡”ȋ‹–Š‹•‹•–ƒ…‡†‡ϐ‹‡†ƒ•ƒ’’Ž‡̺ƒ…‘‘”‘ʹǤ͹ œ –‡Ž̺…‘”‡

‹͹‡ƒ”Ž›ǦʹͲͳͳȌǤ—‰ƒ”—•Š’”‘˜‡†–‘„‡ƒ˜‡”›‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–ƒ†ƒ……—”ƒ–‡…‡ŽŽ–”ƒ…‡”Ǥ

Š‡‘•–…”‹–‹…ƒŽƒ•’‡…–‹†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ƒ—–‘ƒ–‡†ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š•ˆ‘”‹ƒ‰‡

ƒƒŽ›•‹•‹•‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–•‡‰‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆˆ‘”‡‰”‘—†‘„Œ‡…–•ˆ”‘–Š‡

„ƒ…‰”‘—†ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ†‡–‡…–‹‘Ǥ›’‹…ƒŽŽ›ǡ…‘ˆ‘…ƒŽ‹ƒ‰‡•…‘–ƒ‹ϐŽ—…–—ƒ–‹‘•ȋ„‹‘Ǧ

Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ‘‹•‡Ȍ‹•‹‰ƒŽ‹–‡•‹–›ƒ†‘……ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ›…‘–ƒ‹‹–‡•‹–›‰”ƒ†‹‡–•‘

–‘’‘ˆ‡…Šƒ‹…ƒŽ•Š‘–‘‹•‡ǡ‹Š‡”‡–Ž›Ž‹‡†–‘–Š‡’Š›•‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡—•‡†„›

…‘ˆ‘…ƒŽ ‹…”‘•…‘’‡•Ǥ Š‡ ‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡…› ‘ˆ „‘–Š —‰ƒ” —•Š ƒ† ‡ŽŽ —–Ž‹‡” Ž‹‡•

‹•‡”‹‡•‘ˆ•‹’Ž‡‘Ǧ…‘’—–ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ›Ǧ‹–‡•‡‹ƒ‰‡’”‘…‡••‹‰•–‡’•—•‡†ˆ‘”

•‡‰‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ†‡•‹‰‡†–‘‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡–Š‡‘‹•‡ȋ„‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ‘”‡…Šƒ‹Ǧ …ƒŽȌ‹–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ•ƒ”‡•—Ž––Š‡‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ‹ƒ‰‡‹•…‘˜‡”–‡†–‘ƒ„‹ƒ”›˜‡”•‹‘

…‘–ƒ‹‹‰™Š‹–‡‘„Œ‡…–•‘ƒ„Žƒ…„ƒ…‰”‘—†ǤŠ‹•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‡•‡Ž›ˆƒ…‹Ž‹Ǧ

–ƒ–‡•…‘’—–ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‘„Œ‡…–•ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡›‡‡†–‘„‡–”ƒ…‡†‹ƒ

–‹‡•‡”‹‡•‘”•…‘”‡†ˆ‘”•Šƒ’‡’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•Ǥ

Š‡‡…‡••‹–›‘ˆ†‡–‡”‹‹‰ƒ†•…‘”‹‰…‡ŽŽ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”••—…Šƒ•…‘ŽŽ‡…Ǧ

–‹˜‡‹‰”ƒ–‹‘•’‡‡†‘”…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›‹•‘–”‡•–”‹…–‡†–‘–Š‡•–—†›‘ˆ‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ

‰‹‘‰‡‡•‹•ȏͳ͹Ȑǡ–Š‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ›‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†•–”—…–—”‡•‘ˆƒ—†‹Ǧ

–‘”›ƒ†˜‡•–‹„—Žƒ”‡’‹–Š‡Ž‹ƒȏͳͺȐǡ‡—”‘‰‡‡•‹•ȏͳͻȐǡ‡–ƒ•–ƒ–‹…’”‘…‡••‡•ȏʹͲȐǡ

™‘—†Š‡ƒŽ‹‰ȏͳͷǡͳ͸Ȑƒ†—‡”‘—•‘”‡‡šƒ’Ž‡•…ƒ„‡ˆ‘—†‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡

†‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‹••—‡‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘‹•…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‹ƒ“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡

ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǤŠ‡ƒ†˜‡–‘”‡•‘’Š‹•–‹…ƒ–‡†‹ƒ‰‹‰–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡƒ†–Š‡…‘–‹—‘—•

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‘”‡•‡•‹–‹˜‡ƒ†•’‡…‹ϐ‹…ϐŽ—‘”‡•…‡–’”‘„‡•ǡƒŽŽ‘™•–Š‡˜‹•—Ǧ

ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡• ‹ —’”‡…‡†‡–‡† †‡–ƒ‹ŽǤ ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• …ƒ „‡

‰”‡ƒ–Ž›ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡—•‡‘ˆƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š•Ž‹‡‡ŽŽ—–Ž‹‡”ƒ†—‰ƒ”—•ŠǤ '()*+,-.()

 –Š‹•–Š‡•‹•͸‰‡‡•ȋ!"!#$ǡ!"!#/$ǡ!"!#/0ǡ!"!)12ǡ!"!)34ǡƒ†!"%

!#5$Ȍ ™‡”‡ ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† ƒ• Šƒ˜‹‰ ƒ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ œ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š  …‡ŽŽ ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ ‹˜‡ ‘ˆ

!"#$#%&!"!#$ǡ!"!#/$ǡ!"!#/0ǡ!"!)12ǡ!"!)34ȌŠƒ˜‡„‡‡ˆ—”–Š‡”…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†ƒ†

•Š‘™–‘ˆ—…–‹‘™‹–Š‹•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰’ƒ–Š™ƒ›•™Š‹…Š…‘˜‡”‰‡‘†‘™•–”‡ƒ‡ˆǦ

ˆ‡…–‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡‘Ǧ…ƒ‘‹…ƒŽ–’ƒ–Š™ƒ›ǡƒ’ƒ–Š™ƒ›™‡ŽŽǦ‘™–‘”‡‰—Žƒ–‡

…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ǡŽ‹‡Š‘Ǥ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡˆ‘”ʹ•ȋ!"!)11ƒ†!"!#,$Ȍǡ™Š‹…Š

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™‡”‡ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›‹†‹…ƒ–‡†–‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ”‘Ž‡‹…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ǡ†‹”‡…–‡˜‹†‡…‡™ƒ•

‰‡‡”ƒ–‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”ˆ—…–‹‘‹…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ –™‹ŽŽ„‡‹–‡”‡•–‹‰–‘‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡

™Š‡–Š‡”ƒ†ǡ‹ˆ•‘ǡŠ‘™!"!#$%‹–‡”ƒ…–•™‹–Š–Š‡‘Ǧ…ƒ‘‹…ƒŽ–’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ†Ǧ

†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ‹–™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘„‡‹–‡”‡•–‹‰–‘‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡…”‘••–ƒŽƒ‘‰–Š‡•–Šƒ–

Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†–‘’Žƒ›ƒ”‘Ž‡‹…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•Ǥ —”–Š‡”ǡƒ‘˜‡Ž‘‘ƒǦ

ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†—–ƒ–‹‘™ƒ•”‡’‘”–‡†ƒ†•Š‘™–‘Š›’‡”ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡ ǦǦ

•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰ǡ …ƒ—•‹‰ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒŽ †‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ‡™ –‘‘Ž• ™‡”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† –‘

“—ƒ–‹ˆ›‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘…‡ŽŽ‘˜‡‡–•ƒ†…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘™Š‹…ŠƒŽ•‘…‘—Ž†„‡

—•‡ˆ—Ž‘—–•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‘ƒ‹‘ˆœ‡„”ƒϐ‹•Š‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ

!"#"$"%&"'

ͳǤ ‡ƒ•ƒǡ Ǥǡ&'#!(')*+',')*-'./,0%1*+-,.2+.2,'3,%+"*.2+.24‡˜‹‘Žǡ

ʹͲͲʹǤ"#$ȋʹȌǣ’ǤʹͲͻǦͳͶǤ

ʹǤ ƒ”–ƒ‰Ž‹ƒǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ—–ƒ–‹‘•‹ͷͷǡ‡…‘†‹‰–Š‡’”‘–‡‹–›5

”‘•‹‡’Š‘•’Šƒ–ƒ•‡ Ǧ͸ǡ…ƒ—•‡‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲͳǤ

"%ȋͶȌǣ’ǤͶ͸ͷǦͺǤ

͵Ǥ ƒ”–ƒ‰Ž‹ƒǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ6%*+5'3537+8"*'+,9:9;,07"%"*'+.,8%7.2,%,$*."*+85

–‹˜‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ$%ȋͳȌǣ’Ǥ͹ͷǦͻǤ

ͶǤ ‘„‡”–•ǡǤǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ62#0)*+2,-%*+5'3537+8"*'+,07"%"*'+.,*+,9:9;,8%7.2,

‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ$%ȋͳȌǣ’Ǥ͹ͲǦͶǤ

ͷǤ ƒ†‹–ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡƒ‹Ǧ‘ˆǦˆ—…–‹‘ ͷ—–ƒ–‹‘•…ƒ—•‡‘‘ƒƒ†

•›†”‘‡•™‹–ŠŠ›’‡”–”‘’Š‹……ƒ”†‹‘›‘’ƒ–Š›Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡ

ʹͲͲ͹Ǥ$%ȋͺȌǣ’ǤͳͲͲ͹ǦͳʹǤ

͸Ǥ …Š—„„‡”–ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ‡”Ž‹‡—–ƒ–‹‘•…ƒ—•‡‘‘ƒ•›5

$#'02<ƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ$&ȋ͵Ȍǣ’Ǥ͵͵ͳǦ͸Ǥ

͹Ǥ ‘”†‡††—ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ&7"%"*'+,'3,9=:>?,!#'0'"2.,%@2##%+",!#'"2*+,

Ǧ›”‹•–‘›Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†…ƒ—•‡•‘‘ƒǦŽ‹‡•›†”‘‡™‹–ŠŽ‘‘•‡ƒƒ‰‡

(%*#<ƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲͻǤ#'ȋͻȌǣ’ǤͳͲʹʹǦ͸Ǥ

ͺǤ ƒœœƒ“—‡ǡǤǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ‡”Ž‹‡‰ƒ‹Ǧ‘ˆǦˆ—…–‹‘—–ƒ–‹‘•‹ ͷ

…ƒ—•‡‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ$%ȋͺȌǣ’ǤͳͲͳ͵Ǧ͹Ǥ

ͻǤ ‘’Ž‹‰ǡǤǡǤ˜ƒ‡‡‡ǡƒ† Ǥ†‡ ‡”–‘‰ǡŠ’͸‘…†‘™ƒ†

‘‘ƒȀ—–ƒ–Š’͸Ǧ‹†—…‡†‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘†‡ˆ‡…–•Ǥ‘

‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ$ȋͳʹȌǣ’Ǥ‡ʹʹͷǤ

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ͳͲǤ ‹”•–‡ƒǡ ǤǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ”‡•–”‹…–‡†•’‡…–”—‘ˆ—–ƒ–‹‘•…ƒ—•‡•

‘‘ƒ•›†”‘‡Ǥƒ–‡‡–ǡʹͲͳͲǤ!"ȋͳȌǣ’Ǥʹ͹ǦͻǤ

ͳͳǤ ‡‡”ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ!"#$%&'(%)(*)+,-).-%(+/#'0)$%1)#,-%(+/#'0)&#-0+234)

‹’ƒ–‹‡–•™‹–Š‰‡”Ž‹‡—–ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ‡†‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ!!ȋʹȌǣ

’Ǥͳ͵ͳǦͷǤ

ͳʹǤ ˜ƒ†‡”—”‰–ǡ Ǥǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ›‘’ƒ–Š›…ƒ—•‡†„› ‰‡”Ž‹‡—–ƒ–‹‘•ǣ

'4#5'0$+'(%&)*(2)1'&+326-1)4/(.-%'0)1'**-2-%+'$+'(%)'%)+,-)#2-&-%0-)(*) …‘•–‹–—–‹˜‡ ƒ•ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡†‡‡–ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ!!ȋ͹Ȍǣ’ǤͶͷͻǦ͸ʹǤ ͳ͵Ǥ ƒ•–ƒ•ƒ‹ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ‹ƒ•‡Ǧƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‰ƒ†‹ƒ•‡Ǧ‹’ƒ‹”‡†…ƒ”†‹‘Ǧ

ˆƒ…‹‘Ǧ…—–ƒ‡‘—••›†”‘‡ƒŽŽ‡Ž‡•Šƒ˜‡ƒ…–‹˜‹–›†—”‹‰œ‡„”ƒϔ‹•Š†‡˜‡Ž7

‘’‡–ƒ†ƒ”‡•‡•‹–‹˜‡–‘•ƒŽŽ‘Ž‡…—Ž‡‹Š‹„‹–‘”•Ǥ —‘Ž‡‡–ǡ

ʹͲͲͻǤ#$ȋͳͶȌǣ’ǤʹͷͶ͵ǦͷͶǤ

ͳͶǤ ‘•œ‘ǡ ǤǡǤƒ™ƒ†ƒǡƒ†Ǥ‘Ž‹…ƒǦ”‡œ‡Žǡ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡

ƒ†‡š–‡•‹‘‘˜‡‡–•†—”‹‰˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡‰ƒ•–”—Žƒ–‹‘„›–Š‡–Ȁ

’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ‡‹‡ŽŽ‡˜‹‘ŽǡʹͲͲͻǤ"%ȋͺȌǣ’Ǥͻͺ͸Ǧͻ͹Ǥ

ͳͷǤ ‹–‘”‹‘ǡǤƒ†Ǥ‡›‡”ǡ8(135$2)0(%+2(5)(*)-%1(+,-5'$5)&,--+)4'.2$7 +'(%9‡‡•‡˜ǡʹͲͲͺǤ""ȋʹ͵Ȍǣ’Ǥ͵ʹ͸ͺǦͺͳǤ

ͳ͸Ǥ ƒ††›ǡ Ǥǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ’‹†‡”ƒŽ™‘—†”‡’ƒ‹”‹•”‡‰—Žƒ–‡†„›–Š‡’Žƒƒ”…‡ŽŽ

’‘Žƒ”‹–›•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ‡˜‡ŽŽǡʹͲͳͲǤ#&ȋͳȌǣ’Ǥͳ͵ͺǦͶ͹Ǥ

ͳ͹Ǥ ‹”‘‡ǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ”‘Ž‡ˆ‘”’Žƒƒ”…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›•‹‰ƒŽ‹‰‹ƒ‰‹‘‰‡7 -&'&9‰‹‘‰‡‡•‹•ǡʹͲͲͺǤ##ȋͶȌǣ’Ǥ͵Ͷ͹Ǧ͸ͲǤ

ͳͺǤ ‡ŽŽ›ǡǤƒ†ǤŠ‡ǡ:,$#'%.)+,-)4$44$5'$%)$31'+(2/)&-%&(2/)(2.$%)

„›–Š‡’Žƒƒ”…‡ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹–›’ƒ–Š™ƒ›Ǥ – ‡˜‹‘ŽǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ'#ȋ͸Ǧ͹Ȍǣ’Ǥ

ͷ͵ͷǦͶ͹Ǥ

ͳͻǤ ‹‡‰‡”ǡǤǡ Ǥƒ‰ǡƒ†Ǥƒ‰ƒ•–‹ǡ;'4-75$#&-)'4$.'%.)(*)%-32$5)1-7

˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǣœ‡„”ƒϔ‹•ŠŽ‡ƒ†–Š‡™ƒ›‹–‘–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š†‹‡•‹‘Ǥ‡‡•‹•ǡ

ʹͲͳͳǤ!&ȋ͹Ȍǣ’Ǥͷ͵ͶǦͶͷǤ

ʹͲǤ ›…‘ˆˆǡ ǤǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤǡ‹”‡…–˜‹•—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ…”‘’Šƒ‰‡Ǧƒ••‹•–‡†–—‘”

…‡ŽŽ‹–”ƒ˜ƒ•ƒ–‹‘‹ƒƒ”›–—‘”•Ǥƒ…‡”‡•ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ()ȋ͸Ȍǣ’Ǥ

ʹ͸ͶͻǦͷ͸Ǥ

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