UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
Word-recognition processes in normal and dyslexic readers
Marinus, E.
Publication date
2010
Link to publication
Citation for published version (APA):
Marinus, E. (2010). Word-recognition processes in normal and dyslexic readers. UvA.
General rights
It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).
Disclaimer/Complaints regulations
If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Contents
1 General introduction 1
1.1 Reading fluency impairments . . . 2
1.2 Development of word recognition . . . 3
1.2.1 Ehri’s phase theory . . . 3
1.2.2 The self-teaching hypothesis . . . 4
1.2.3 Limitations of current developmental theories . . . 4
1.3 Framework to examine word-recognition processes . . . 5
1.3.1 Sublexical processes in word recognition . . . 6
1.3.2 Lexical processes in word recognition . . . 10
1.4 Summary of the focus and outline of this thesis . . . 11
2 The use of sublexical clusters 13 2.1 Introduction . . . 14
2.2 Study 1: Children . . . 17
2.2.1 Method . . . 18
2.2.2 Results . . . 21
2.2.3 Discussion . . . 29
2.3 Study 2: Adult readers . . . 29
2.3.1 Method . . . 29
2.3.2 Results . . . 30
2.3.3 Discussion . . . 33
2.4 General Discussion . . . 34
3 Digraphs are perceptual units 37 3.1 Introduction . . . 38
3.2 Method . . . 41
3.2.1 Participants . . . 41
3.2.2 Materials and design . . . 42
3.2.3 Procedure . . . 43
3.3 Results . . . 43
3.4 Discussion . . . 46
viii CONTENTS
4 Variability in word-reading performance 49
4.1 Introduction . . . 50
4.1.1 Word length and digraph effects . . . 51
4.1.2 Variability in reading . . . 54
4.1.3 Outline of the study . . . 55
4.2 Method . . . 55
4.2.1 Participants . . . 55
4.2.2 Materials and design . . . 56
4.2.3 Procedure . . . 58
4.2.4 Method of data analysis . . . 58
4.3 Results . . . 60
4.3.1 Data cleaning and error percentages . . . 60
4.3.2 Disentangling length and digraph effects . . . 60
4.3.3 Frequency and phonological neighbourhood size effects . 64 4.3.4 Variability differences in normal and dyslexic readers . . . 65
4.4 Discussion . . . 68
4.4.1 Word length and digraph effects . . . 68
4.4.2 Variability in reading . . . 70
5 Increasing word-reading fluency 73 5.1 Introduction . . . 74
5.2 Method . . . 77
5.2.1 Participants . . . 77
5.2.2 Training . . . 77
5.2.3 Pretest, posttest and follow-up measures . . . 83
5.2.4 Procedure . . . 85
5.3 Results . . . 85
5.3.1 Rapid Naming . . . 86
5.3.2 Detection . . . 89
5.3.3 Word and pseudoword naming . . . 91
5.3.4 Word reading . . . 96
5.4 Discussion . . . 98
6 Sensitivity to orthographic neighbours 105 6.1 Introduction . . . 106
6.2 Method . . . 111
6.2.1 Time frame of data collection . . . 111
6.2.2 Screening . . . 111
6.2.3 Participants of the current study . . . 112
6.2.4 Materials . . . 112
6.2.5 Administration of reading tasks . . . 113
CONTENTS ix
6.3 Results . . . 115
6.3.1 Data cleaning . . . 115
6.3.2 Effects of neighbourhood density . . . 115
6.3.3 Supplementary analysis . . . 117
6.4 Discussion . . . 119
7 General discussion 125 7.1 Review of the main findings . . . 125
7.1.1 Sublexical processes in word recognition . . . 125
7.1.2 Lexical processes in word recognition . . . 128
7.2 Implications . . . 128
7.2.1 Implication for theories of reading . . . 129
7.2.2 The dyslexic reading system . . . 131
7.2.3 Interventions . . . 135
7.3 General conclusion and future directions . . . 136
References 139 A Word and pseudoword sets Chapter 2 149 A.1 Onset cluster and rime experiments . . . 149
A.2 Digraph experiment . . . 150
B Word sets Chapter 3 151 C Word and pseudoword sets Chapter 4 153 D Word and pseudoword sets Chapter 5 155 D.1 Visual letter-cluster detection task . . . 155
D.2 Word and pseudoword naming task . . . 157 E Word and pseudoword sets Chapter 6 159
Summary 161
Samenvatting 167
Dankwoord 173
