Juliane Vehof, Sancia E.T. van der Meij, Michael Türkay & Carola Becker
Abstract
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IHPDOH JURVV PRUSKRORJ\ DQG UHSURGXFWLYH V\VWHPV RI Fungicola syzygia ORGJHG LQ VHPLFORVHG ÁDWWHQHG SLWV
Opecarcinus cathyaeZLWKVHPLRSHQSLWVDQGPseudocryptochirus viridisIURPVKDOORZRSHQGHSUHVVLRQVXVLQJ
OLQHGUDZLQJVDQGKLVWRORJLFDOPHWKRGV7KHJHQHUDOPRUSKRORJ\RIWKHFU\SWRFKLULGV·UHSURGXFWLYHV\VWHPVLV
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DOOVWXGLHGVSHFLPHQVWKHVHPLQDOUHFHSWDFOHFRQWDLQHGIUHHVSHUPDWR]RD KRZHYHULQVSHFLPHQVRIPseudocrypto-chirus viridisLWDOVRFRQWDLQHGVSHUPDWRSKRUHVLQGLFDWLQJDUHFHQWLQVHPLQDWLRQ,QFRQWUDVWWRPRVWRWKHU
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Introduction
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hidden lifestyle within the coral skeleton, gall crabs are one of the least studied eubrachyuran JURXSV 3RWWV .RWEDQG+DUWQROO 7KHDFWXDOLPSDFWRQWKHFRUDOKRVWE\WKHJDOOFUDE
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systems of Fungicola syzygiaYDQGHU0HLMOpecarcinus cathyaeYDQGHU0HLMDQG
Pseudocryptochirus viridis+LUR E\KLVWRORJLFDOPHWKRGVDQGSUHVHQWGHVFULSWLRQVRQWKHLU
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Material and methods
Collection of specimens and fixation
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WKUHHRYLJHURXV RIFungicola syzygiaFROOHFWHGIURP3RP3RP,VO °µ ·1°µ·(
177 5HSURGXFWLYHPRUSKRORJ\RIJDOOFUDEV
in Pleuractis paumotensis 6WXWFKEXU\ IURPWRPGHSWK ÀYHRYLJHURXVIHPDOHVRI
Opecarcinus cathyaeFROOHFWHGDW&UHDFK5HHI °µ·1°µ·( LQPavona clavus 'DQD IURPWRPGHSWK RQHPDOHDQGIRXUIHPDOHV WZRRYLJHURXV RIPseudocrypto-chirus viridisFROOHFWHGIURP%DNXQJDQ,VO °µ·1° µ·( LQTurbinariaVSIURP
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Gross morphology and histology
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Results
Species and gall types
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Fungicola syzygia LV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK IXQJLLG FRUDOV )XQJLLGDH DQG OLYHV LQ ÁDWWHQHG SLWV
similar to those of F. fagei )L]HDQG6HUqQH 7KHVHSLWVKDYHDYHU\VPDOO¶VOLWOLNH·RSHQing DQGDUHORGJHGEHWZHHQWKHVHSWDHRIWKHFRUDOV )LJ$% 0DWXUHIHPDOHVFDQQRWOHDYHWKH
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7KHVWXGLHGVSHFLPHQVRIOpecarcinus cathyae were collected from P. clavus $JDULFLLGDH
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Crabs were not observed to freely move around on the coral. Pavona clavus can occur in large PRQRVSHFLÀFVWDQGVKRXVLQJPDQ\LQGLYLGXDOVERWKPDOHVDQGIHPDOHVRIO. cathyae +RHNVHma DQGYDQGHU0HLM
Pseudocryptochirus viridis is associated with TurbinariaVS 'HQGURSK\OOLLGDH DQGRIWHQD
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nevertheless, moving crabs were only observed when disturbed.
Gross morphology
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Fig. 1.0RUSKRORJ\RIWKHLQYHVWLJDWHGJDOOFUDEIHPDOHVDQGWKHLUGLIIHUHQWJDOOW\SHVA-D, Fungicola syzygia
E-H, Opecarcinus cathyae I-L, Pseudocryptochirus viridis. ARSHQLQJRIÁDWWHQHGSLWLQFOXGLQJDVSHFLPHQRI
F. syzygia in Pleuractis paumotensisZLWKRQO\WKHPLGGOHSDUWRIWKHFDUDSDFHIURQWYLVLEOH3KRWRJUDSKHGE\%:
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UHJXODUIRUPHGPDUVXSLXP E*DOOZLWKDQRYHUKDQJDQGDFUHVFHQWVKDSHGRSHQLQJLQGXFHGE\O. cathyae, on a large colony of Pavona clavus3KRWRJUDSKHGE\6(7YDQGHU0HLM F6FKHPDWLFGUDZLQJRIDJDOOZLWKRYHUKDQJ
G/DWHUDOYLHZRIDQRYLJHURXVIHPDOHRIO. cathyae; H, dorsal view of O. cathyae; I2SHQLQJRIDVKDOORZFUHV
FHQWVKDSHGGHSUHVVLRQLQFOXGLQJDVSHFLPHQRIP. viridis in TurbinariaVSWKHDQWHULRUSDUWRIFDUDSDFHDQGIURQW
SDUWVRIWKHFKHODHDUHYLVLEOH3KRWRJUDSKHGE\%75HLMQHQ6(7YDQGHU0HLM J, Schematic longitudinal section of DW\SLFDOSLW K/DWHUDOYLHZRIDQRYLJHURXVIHPDOHRIP. viridis; L'RUVDOYLHZRIDIHPDOHRIP. viridis.
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Overview
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to other eubrachyuran crabs. Paired sternal JRQRSRUHV YXOYDH OHDG YLD FXWLFXODU YDJL
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are connected to the ovaries of each body side – left and right through an oviduct. The UHFHSWDFOHLVFRDWHGRQWKHRXWVLGHE\FRQnec
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lying cuticle ventrally that is continuous with
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Vaginae
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atively smaller than those in O. cathyaeVRWKDWWKHQXFOHLRFFXS\DOPRVWWKHHQWLUHFHOOVZLWK
SOHQW\VHFUHWLRQVQHDUE\DVLQO. cathyae7KHVXUIDFHRIWKHHSLWKHOLXPRIP. viridis is regular and
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the oviduct leads mature oocytes from the ovary lobes LQWRWKHVHPLQDOUHFHSWDFOHVDQGVXEVHTXHQWO\WKH\OHDYH
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thelium of Fungicola syzygia; D,*ODQGXODUHSLWKHOLXPRIPseudocryptochirus viridis E, Ventral localisation of WKHRULÀFHRIRYLGXFWLQO. cathyae; F'HWDLOVRIWKHWUDQVIHUWLVVXHDWWKHRULÀFHRIRYLGXFWZLWKRUDQJHVWDLQLQJ
secretion in P. viridis; G, Vagina of P. viridisFUHVFHQWVKDSHGLQWUDQVYHUVHVHFWLRQV H/RQJLWXGLQDOVHFWLRQ
through the vagina of O. cathyaePXVFXODWXUHLQVHUWVDWWKHLQQHUYDJLQDZDOO I7KHFXWLFOHRIWKHÁH[LEOHPXV
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Discussion
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