University of Groningen Synergetic tourism-landscape interactions Heslinga, Jasper

University of Groningen

Synergetic tourism-landscape interactions

Heslinga, Jasper

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Publication date: 2018

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Heslinga, J. (2018). Synergetic tourism-landscape interactions: Policy, public discourse and partnerships. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.

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Propositions belonging to the PhD thesis

Synergetic tourism-landscape interactions: policy, public discourse and partnerships

Jasper H. Heslinga

1. The current institutional context is a product of past policy which could potentially hinder other development trajectories such as synergetic interactions. Despite a recent increase in the attention for synergies, in the past the emphasis of policy was either on socio-economic development or nature protection (This thesis).

2. Economic motivations can be problematic for acquiring sustainable tourism development. Consequently the principles regarding Maslow’s hierarchy of needs remain valid (This thesis). 3. For balancing the needs of social-economic development and nature protection, tourism

destinations require clarity in rules and regulations, but also flexibility for adaptation and innovation when coping with future social and ecological changes (This thesis).

4. Opportunities for synergy lie at the local level. Regulations from higher governmental levels already constrain the possibilities for synergies on the local level. Nevertheless, how these regulations are implemented at the local level enables opportunities for synergy (This thesis). 5. In tourism destinations, synergies can be stimulated by policy, but eventually the opportunities

for synergies strongly relate to whether stakeholders find common ground on shared values and whether they are willing to collaborate (This thesis).

6. Tourism puts pressure on nature areas, but tourism can also assist in the protection of nature areas by helping it to become an important societal issue and consequently to be positioned on the political agenda (This thesis).

7. “People protect what they love” (Jacques-Yves Cousteau, 1910-1997).

8. To help us detect social and ecological future developments , we can use islands as our 'canaries in a coalmine'.

9. “Natuur is mooi, maar je moet er wel wat te drinken bij hebben” (Willem Kloos, 1859 – 1938).

10. Doing a PhD trajectory requires resilience; it is a matter of constantly going through the adaptive cycle along the phases of destruction and recovery to adapt to changing circumstances.