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Cover Page The handle https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3158165

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The handle https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3158165 holds various files of this Leiden

University dissertation.

Author: Oliveira Paiva, A.M.

Title: New tools and insights in physiology and chromosome dynamics of Clostridioides

difficile

(2)

Stellingen behorend bij het proefschrift

New tools and insights in physiology and chromosome dynamics of

Clostridioides difficile

1. The extracellular location of TcdC is not compatible with direct binding of the OB-fold domain to intracellular nucleic acid or protein targets and suggests a mechanism of action that is different from previously characterized anti-sigma factors. (This thesis, Chapter 3)

2. The overall origin organization and mechanism of DNA replication initiation is likely to be conserved within the Firmicutes. (This thesis, Chapter 4)

3. C. difficile autofluorescence might result from direct oxidation of specific cell components, which may vary in abundance dependent on growth phase or cell cycle stage. (This thesis, Chapter 6)

4. Since HU-family proteins can act differently in vivo despite high amino acid sequence similarity, it is necessary to study the role of these proteins in each organism. (This thesis, Chapter 4 and 5)

5. Bacteria are not bags of randomly distributed molecules but demonstrate a complex and highly structured subcellular organization. (Cambré A and Aertsen A. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2020)

6. C. difficile was originally called that way owing to its “slower growth and less striking physiologic properties” (Hall IC and O'Toole E. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1935) and is still a difficult and challenging organism to study.

7. Anaerobic microbial systems are underexplored by fluorescence microscopy and a larger effort is needed to engineer genetically encoded substrate-independent fluorophores for use in anaerobic bacteria. (Chia et al. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2019 and this thesis)

8. Though TcdE isoforms and Cwp19 have been implicated in toxin release from C. difficile, it is unclear if these proteins are part of a secretion mechanism. (Govind R. et al. J Bacteriol. 2015 and Wydau-Dematteis S. mBio. 2018)

9. The microscope opens a door to see and explore the wonders of the microscopic world, but making relevant observations always depends on the eye and experience of the researcher. (Inspired by the work of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Thomas Bonney)

10. Collaboration and improvisation are tools for successful research. (Inspired by Charles Darwin and MacGyver series)

11. No matter where we are and no matter what the question is, the answer is always “coffee first”.

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