Conservation status of the Natura 2000 fish for the Belgian Atlantic region

(1)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Alosa fallax

1. National level

Biogeographic regions and/or marine regions concerned in the MS: ATL MATL

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Twaite Shad (Alosa falax falax) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.).

Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.2 Published sources and/or websites http://vis.milieuinfo.be/ www.inbo.be/natura2000be

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.3.1 Surface range of the species in km2 204.8

2.3.2 Date of range determination 1994-2005

2.3.3 Quality of data concerning range Good e.g based on extensive surveys

(2)

2.3.5 Range trend magnitude (km2) -

optional 125

2.3.6 Range trend period 1994-2005

2.3.7 Reasons for reported trend Direct human influence (restoration, deterioration, destruction)

Water Quality improvement

Other (specify) Water Quality improvement

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.4.1 Population size estimation

Minimum population Maximum population Population units

4 4 Grids

2.4.2 Date of population estimation 1994-2005

2.4.3 Methods used for population

estimation Extrapolation from surveys of part of the population or from sampling

2.4.4 Quality of population data Good e.g based on extensive surveys

2.4.5 Population trend Stable (=)

2.4.6 Population trend magnitude 0

2.4.7 Population trend period 2001-2005

water quality improvement

Other (specify) water quality improvement

2.4.9 Justification of % thresholds for

trends (optional) N/A

2.4.10 Main pressures 400 Urbanised areas, human habitation 504 - port areas

530 Improved access to site 701 - water pollution

802 - reclamation of land from sea, estuary or marsh

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 830 Canalisation

852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 871 - sea defense or coast protection works

952 - eutrophication

2.4.11 Threats 400 Urbanised areas, human habitation 504 - port areas

530 Improved access to site 701 - water pollution

802 - reclamation of land from sea, estuary or marsh

852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 871 - sea defense or coast protection works

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species Mature adults enter the estuary of the river Scheldt and migrate to the border of fresh-brackish water or into the freshwater tidal area to spawn on sand, or gravel beds.

Juvenile specimen migrate to the brackish water tidal area or to the sea. When they grow older they migrate to the sea.

(3)

2.5.3 Date of estimation 2006

2.5.4 Quality of the data Poor e.g. based on very incomplete data or on expert judgement

2.5.5 Trend of the habitat Increasing (+)

2.5.6 Trend period 1994-2005

Other (specify) N/A

2.6 Future prospects for the species Bad prospects - species likely to be become extinct in the biogeographical region

2.7 Complementary information

2.7.1 Favourable reference range (km2) 400

2.7.2 Favourable reference population Much more than field 2.4.1 4

2.7.3 Suitable habitat for the species

(km2) N/A

2.7.4 Other relevant information N/A

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.3) Range Bad (U2) N/A

(2.4) Population Bad (U2) N/A

(2.5) Habitat for the species Bad (U2) N/A

(2.6) Future prospects Bad (U2) N/A

(4)

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic ocean

2.2 Published sources and/or websites -

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.3.1 Surface range of the species in km2 3462

2.3.2 Date of range determination 2005

2.3.4 Range trend Stable (=)

optional N/A

Water quality increased; higher numbers in fresh water

Other (specify) Water quality increased; higher numbers in fresh water

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

10000 1000000 Number of individuals

estimation From comprehensive inventory

2.4.5 Population trend Increasing (+)

2.4.6 Population trend magnitude N/A

Water quality increased

Other (specify) Water quality increased

2.4.10 Main pressures 300 Sand and gravel extraction 504 - port areas

701 - water pollution

802 - reclamation of land from sea, estuary or marsh 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 871 - sea defense or coast protection works

2.4.11 Threats 300 Sand and gravel extraction 504 - port areas

802 - reclamation of land from sea, estuary or marsh 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 871 - sea defense or coast protection works

(5)

2.5.1 Habitats for the species Demersal; anadromous, freshwater; brackish; marine Juvenile individuals stay in brooks and rivers with silt beds and good water quality. Adult specimens migrate to the coast and stay 2,5 till 3,5 years in coastal water and estuaries. For spawning they migrate to rivers with good water quality. They need clean gravel or sand beds to spawn.

2.5.2 Area estimation (km2) N/A

2.5.5 Trend of the habitat N/A

2.5.6 Trend period 2006

2.5.7 Reasons for reported trend N/A

Other (specify) N/A

2.6 Future prospects for the species Good prospects - species expected to survive and prosper

2.7 Complementary information

2.7.2 Favourable reference population More than field 2.4.1 10000

(km2) N/A

Conclusion

Biogeographical or marine

level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.3) Range Favourable (FV) N/A

(2.4) Population Inadequate but improving (U1+) N/A

(2.5) Habitat for the species Unknown (XX) N/A

(2.6) Future prospects Favourable (FV) N/A

(6)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Barbus barbus

1. National level

Biogeographic regions and/or marine regions concerned in the MS: ATL CON

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Barbel (Barbus barbus) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.).

Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.2 Published sources and/or websites PHILIPPART JC. & VRANKEN M (1983). – Atlas des poissons de Wallonie : distribution, écologie, éthologie, pêche, conservation. Cahiers d’Ethologie appliquée – Vol. 3 (supp. 1-2) PHILIPPART JC (2006) – Biodiversité des poissons de Wallonie – Rapport

analytique sur l’Etat de l’Environnement wallon. Edition 2006 (in press). www.inbo.be/natura2000be

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

(7)

km2

2.3.4 Range trend Increasing (+)

optional +400

Other (specify) N/A

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

Minimum population Maximum population Population units 200 Area covered by population

2.4.3 Method used for population

2.4.4 Quality of population data Moderate e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation

2.4.6 Population trend magnitude N/A

Other (specify) N/A

trends (optional) Due to the restoration of longitudinal continuity or water quality, the come back of Barbus barbus has been possible in several water courses (Berwinne). From 1983, a scientific program of Barbel restockings (University of Liège) was managed in several walloon water courses to enhance local populations.

2.4.10 Main pressures 120 Fertilisation 621 - nautical sports 701 - water pollution 830 Canalisation 840 Flooding

850 Modification of hydrographic functioning, general 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 853 - management of water levels

870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 890 Other human induced changes in hydraulic conditions 910 Silting up

2.4.11 Threats 120 Fertilisation 621 - nautical sports 701 - water pollution

790 Other pollution or human impacts/activities 830 Canalisation

840 Flooding

850 Modification of hydrographic functioning, general 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 853 - management of water levels

870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 890 Other human induced changes in hydraulic conditions 910 Silting up

(8)

2.5.1 Habitats for the species 3260 Barbus barbus is the typical species of the barbel zona ( middle parts of water courses) ; it is naturally not present in other zones. It needs gravel substrates and also oxygenous and fresh waters.

2.5.4 Quality of the data Moderate e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation

2.5.6 Trend period 1974-2006

Other (specify) N/A

2.6 Future prospects for the species Poor prospects - species likely to struggle unless conditions change

2.7 Complementary information

2.7.1 Favourable reference range

(km2) 487.3

2.7.3 Suitable habitat for the species N/A

2.7.4 Other relevant information No data available for habitats and population

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.3) Range Favourable (FV) Favourable (FV)

(2.4) Population Favourable (FV) Unknown (XX)

(2.5) Habitat for the species Inadequate and deteriorating

(U1-) Inadequate (U1)

(2.6) Future prospects Inadequate (U1) Inadequate (U1)

(9)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Cobitis taenia

1. National level

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Spined Loach (Cobitis taenia) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.3.1 Surface range of the species in

km2 2335.9

(10)

optional 258

Water quality increased; Migration barriers diminished

Other (specify) Water quality increased; Migration barriers diminished

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

36 36 Grids

2.4.10 Main pressures 400 Urbanised areas, human habitation 701 - water pollution

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 811 - management of aquatic and bank vegetation for drainage purposes

830 Canalisation

852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 870 Dykes, embankments, artificial beaches, general 952 - eutrophication

2.4.11 Threats 120 Fertilisation

400 Urbanised areas, human habitation 701 - water pollution

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 811 - management of aquatic and bank vegetation for drainage purposes

830 Canalisation

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species This species is a typical bottom dweller of brooks and rivers (e.g.habitattype 3260) and occur also in ditches and lakes with sandy bottom and good water quality ( habitattypes 3150 en 3140). Sandy or stony substrate are necessary for spawning.

(11)

2.5.6 Trend period 1995-2006

Other (specify) N/A

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 2335.9

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.5) Habitat for the species Inadequate but improving (U1+) N/A

(12)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Cottus gobio

1. National level

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Bullhead (Cottus gobio) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

km2 3774.7

(13)

optional 1675

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

34 34 Grids

2.4.2 Date of population estimation 2006

Water quality increased, Migration barriers diminished

Other (specify) Water quality increased, Migration barriers diminished

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 820 Removal of sediments (mud...)

830 Canalisation

852 - modifying structures of inland water courses 952 - eutrophication

2.4.11 Threats 400 Urbanised areas, human habitation 701 - water pollution

830 Canalisation

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species This species is a typical bottom dweller. It occurs in fast flowing freshwater brooks with shallow water and with sandy, gravel or stony substrates. When the water is clear, rich of oxygen and cold, the species occur also in other rivers and lakes.

2.5.6 Trend period 1994-2006

Other (specify) N/A

(14)

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 3774.7

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.5) Habitat for the species Inadequate but improving (U1+) N/A

(15)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Lampetra fluviatilis

1. National level

Biogeographic regions and/or marine regions concerned in the MS: ATL MATL

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species River lamprey

(Lampetra fluviatilis) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

(16)

km2

2.3.4 Range trend Increasing (+)

optional 683

2.3.7 Reasons for reported trend Improved knowledge/more accurate data

Direct human influence (restoration, deterioration, destruction)

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

23 23 Grids

801 - polderisation

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 830 Canalisation

801 - polderisation

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 830 Canalisation

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

(17)

They need clean gravel or sand beds to spawn.

2.5.6 Trend period 1995-2006

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 3650

(km2) N/A

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.4) Population Bad but improving (U2+) N/A

(2.5) Habitat for the species Inadequate (U1) N/A

(18)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Lampetra planeri

1. National level

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

km2 1379.3

(19)

optional N/A

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

23 23 Grids

2.4.10 Main pressures 120 Fertilisation

830 Canalisation

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species Lampetra planeri lives in middle and small streams, and rivers with good water quality. They need clean sunny gravel or sand beds to spawn in and silt or sand for the larvae.

2.5.5 Trend of the habitat Stable (=)

2.5.6 Trend period 1995-2006

(20)

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 2375

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.4) Population Inadequate (U1) N/A

(2.6) Future prospects Inadequate (U1) N/A

(21)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Misgurnus fossilis

1. National level

Biogeographic regions and/or marine regions concerned in the MS: ATL

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Weather Loach (Misgurnus fossilis) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

km2 700

(22)

optional 0

Other (specify) N/A

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

12 12 Grids

2.4.3 Method used for population estimation

Extrapolation from surveys of part of the population or from sampling

Water quality increased, Migration barriers diminished

Other (specify) Water quality increased, Migration barriers diminished

2.4.10 Main pressures 120 Fertilisation

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 810 Drainage

811 - management of aquatic and bank vegetation for drainage purposes

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 952 - eutrophication

803 - infilling of ditches, dykes, ponds, pools, marshes or pits 810 Drainage

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 952 - eutrophication

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species N/A

2.5.5 Trend of the habitat Stable (=)

2.5.6 Trend period 1996-2006

Other (specify) N/A

(23)

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 2225

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(24)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Petromyzon marinus

1. National level

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Haelters J. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest,

INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.2 Published sources and/or websites http://vis.milieuinfo.be/

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

km2 150

(25)

optional 150

Water quality improved

Other (specify) Water quality improved

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2 2 Number of individuals

820 Removal of sediments (mud...)

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species demersal; anadromous, freshwater; brackish; marine Breeds in high quality, deep, fast flowing rivers with clean gravel in which to spawn and a sandy substrate for the larvae to burrow into. The adults migrate out to sea.

2.5.3 Date of estimation 1995-2005

2.5.6 Trend period 1995-2005

(26)

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 1225

(km2) N/A

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(27)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under article

11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Rhodeus sericeus amarus

1. National level

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

Simoens I. & Van Thuyne G. (2008) Conservation status of the Natura 2000 species Bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus amarus) for the Belgian Atlantic region, In: Paelinckx D., Van Landuyt W. & De Bruyn L. (ed.). Conservation status of the Natura 2000 habitats and species. Report of the Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO.R.2008.15. Brussels. In prep

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

km2 7551.5

2.3.3 Quality of data concerning range Moderate e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation

(28)

optional 0

Other (specify) N/A

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

102 102 Grids

2.4.3 Method used for population estimation

Extrapolation from surveys of part of the population or from sampling

Other (specify) N/A

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 853 - management of water levels 952 - eutrophication

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species Its occurrence is related to those of the bivalve Anodonta cygnea and other freshwater mussels . Known for its habit of laying its eggs in the mantle cavity of freshwater mussels. Occurs in ponds, lakes, polder drainage systems, and oxbow lakes with a water vegetation (habitat type 3150) and in riverbanks of slow running brooks and rivers with good or very good water quality (habitat type 3260).

2.5.6 Trend period 1996-2006

Other (specify) N/A

(29)

2.7 Complementary information

(km2) 7551.5

2.7.2 Favourable reference population 102

Conclusion

Biogeographical or

marine level

Conclusions within

Natura 2000 sites

(optional)

(2.4) Population Favourable (FV) N/A

(2.5) Habitat for the species Favourable (FV) N/A

(30)

Report on the main results of the surveillance under

article 11 for annex II, IV and V species (Annex B)

SPECIES NAME: Salmo salar

1. National level

Distribution map (map-distribution-spec-salmo-salar.gml)

(31)

Favourable range map (map-favourable-range-spec-salmo-salar.gml)

2. Biogeographical or marine level

2.1 Biogeographical region or marine region: Atlantic

2.2 Published sources and/or websites http://vis.milieuinfo.be/

2.3 Range of species in the biogeographic region or marine region

2.3.1 Surface range of the species in km2 50

2.3.4 Range trend Stable (=)

2.3.5 Range trend magnitude (km2) - optional 0

Water quality improved

Other (specify) Water quality improved

2.4 Population of the species in the biogeographic region or marine

region

Minimum population Maximum population Population _units

2 2 Grids

2.4.3 Methods used for population estimation Extrapolation from surveys of part of the population or from sampling

(32)

with some extrapolation

2.4.9 Justification of % thresholds for trends

(optional) N/A

2.4.10 Main pressures 400 Urbanised areas, human habitation

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses

2.4.11 Threats 400 Urbanised areas, human

habitation

820 Removal of sediments (mud...) 852 - modifying structures of inland water courses

2.5 Habitat for the species in the biogeographic region or marine

region

2.5.1 Habitats for the species anadromous, freshwater; brackish; marine they undergo their greatest feeding and growth in salt water, but return to spawn in native, fast flowing well-oxygenated freshwater rivers with clean gravel and a sandy substrate for the larvae to burrow into. These spawning places for the population in the Meuse are in Wallonia

2.5.3 Date of estimation 1995-2005

2.5.5 Trend of the habitat Unknown (X)

2.5.6 Trend period 1995-2005

(33)

barriers diminished

2.7 Complementary information

2.7.3 Suitable habitat for the species (km2) N/A

2.7.4 Other relevant information Due to the rehabilitation program of Atlantic salmon in Belgium (Wallonia) and the plans to solve the migration barrier on the Meuse (border

Belgium-the Netherlands) the future prospects are positive for the

population on the Meuse. For the population in the Scheldt basin the future prospects are inadequate.