Power to methane (P2M): the Hanze angle

(1)

Power-to-methane (P2M):

the Hanze angle

Prof. dr. Jan Peter Nap

Hanze Research Energy & Hanze Research Biobased Economy

Green electricity for a green transition?

Visit FH Münster Feb 7,2018

(2)

(3)

(4)

Source: NRC 210917

(5)

The new green gas: hydrogen

Source: RTLnieuws 130917

From large scale green energy (solar, wind)

for storage and direct use (transport)

(6)

CO2 + 4H2 CH4 + 2H2O

Biological sabatier reaction

= storage of electricity as methane

Organisms:

hydrogenotrophic

methanogenic

archaea

(7)

H2O H2 O2 Biogas (CH4 + CO2) Manure biomass digestate digester

(8)

How:

• Addition of hydrogen to

existing installation

=> in situ approach

• biogas or CO

2 from biogas to second (much smaller)

installation with hydrogen

=> ex situ approach

bioreactor

biomass

biogas

bioreactor

2

2 nd

reactor

nd

reactor

biomass

(bio)gas

H2

biogas

H2

(9)

control

in situ

H2

biogas

CH4/CO2

CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2 H2O + E

biomass

biogas

CH4/CO2

in situ

H2 CO2 CH4 gaschromatography

∞

(10)

(11)

Diffusion from silicon tube:

new way of delivering H2

(12)

control

H2

in situ

Lab scale 10 liter reactor set-up: in situ

CH4

Fix-CO2

biomass biomass

AMPTSII

(13)

Relative vol.%-CH

₄

*: control

* H2, CH4 + CO2 = 100 vol.% 1 8 15 22 29 36 43 R e la tiv e v ol .% -C H 4

days

(14)

Relative vol.%-CH

₄

*: in situ

* H2, CH4 + CO2 = 100 vol.%

1 8 15 22 29 36 43

1 ml*min-1 2 ml*min-1 3 ml*min-1 4 ml*min-1 5 ml*min-1 No hydrogen

No hydrogen

days

R el at iv e vo l.% -C H 4

(15)

CH4- production: control vs in situ

}

322 Nml CH4/gr biomass

445 Nml CH4/gr biomass

* CO2 in 3M NaOH days N m l C H 4

(16)

H2

biogas CH4/CO2

bioreactor

ex situ

biomass

biogas CH4/CO2

ex situ

H2 CO2 CH4 gaschromatography CO2 + 4H2 → CH4 + 2 H2O + E

(17)

H2

FischerbrandISO3302 E1 8.5 meter; 4.0x 1.0 mm LOW-ΔP-FLOW

bioreactor

ex situ

CH4

Fix-CO2 biomass

Lab scale 10 liter reactor set-up: ex situ

AMPTSII

(18)

Relative vol.%-CH

₄

*: bioreactor

* H2, CH4 + CO2 = 100 vol.% R e la tiv e vo l.% -C H 4

days

1 8 15 22 29 36

(19)

Relative vol.%-CH

₄

*: ex situ

* H2, CH4 + CO2 = 100 vol.% 1 ml*min-1 2 ml*min -1 3 ml*min-1 4 ml*min-1 No hydrogen 1 8 15 22 29 36 R el a tiv e vo l.% -C H 4 No hydrogen

days

(20)

Conclusions

Toename van bacterien uit de H2/CO2 route na toediening waterstof

•

_{addition of hydrogen via a silicon tube to a working biogas ra4actor is remarkably effective: less CO2 and more}

methane per unit biomass

•

_{addition of hydrogen and biogas to a 2}nd

reactor also results in conversion of CO2 to methane

(21)

Next steps

Toename van bacterien uit de H2/CO2 route na toediening waterstof

•

_{scaling up and tests in the real world}

•

_{process parameters, relative volumes, feedstock, robustness}

•

_LCA

•

_{biomass characteristics, variability, flexibility}

•

_relevance

•

_{costs and yields (economy, environment, legislation)}

•

_alternatives

•

_{integration in energy system of the future}

•

_{portfolio of Power-to-X}

(22)

Acknowledgments

• Hanze:

Gert Hofstede, Folkert Faber, Emile Apol, Petr Pozděna, Sean

de Graaf, Linette Oosting, Martijn Boret, Tom Baars, Henry Wiersma.

Jan Pieter Thie, Rene Koldam, Jan Bekkering, Evert-Jan Hengeveld e.a.

• Subsidy source: NWO/SIA-RAAK (RaakPRO program) till 2019

(23)

(24)