Die a priorisme van Karl Hein

Dn~ !WEE

A

..

fillQ!U~.£ VJ.N l~EI'"!NIS :rN

!JtE Gti'Sl\IEDINIS ~

D!E !flEE

Lft!XQ1i,l

8_{i, VJ>.N lC&K~·JIS !f!}

K.A!L HEll¥ ..

.moontl1k gerr~t:&u.

He who aecept1 the thesis and rejects the e.nt:tth~H~i~ ...

$'

~m,rtil'l Buberl) in '11 Bnder verbat"td ... doe~ :l.r1jury· to the significance o.f tba situation. rle v;ho tr1~21s to think out a t;ynthesis d~streys the signi:f'ic~nce of the

s:i. tuat1on ••• He w~o wishes to carry through the con=

flict of'

tr..e

antinomy oth.e:r than with his life

tranfJ;-gressee the significance of the ~1tuat1on. The signi""'

fimu.'lce of the situation is

that

it is lived, and

not!1-1ng but lived, continually • ever anew, wtthout :fore""

$1.ght, without toretberught, ·without ~reecr;tption, in

tbe totality of its ant1n~&

----~---~----~---~---In die verklari,ng wat hnt gee vir d1.e geb:ru.:ik >?an di.e

krit:t.e8e metode1 ). blyk raeda dat die hele denkr1gt:i.ng wai.;

deur hom ingssaa.n ;biit OOh.eers WOrd deur die pl"O\)leem '\t&11 ,j:l,e

tr~W.tS~kendeer egter reeds die teenstelling tussen empir!. ~e

en rasiona11Ste41 era by hom tref onm 'n nuwe formu1111lring v&n

voorwerp te

kon£oru.ht!~r,

maak

d1~?J

f'eit van ketm:ts

onmoontl:tk;~)

Die

struktuur

van die ker.u:"tende bewu~syn bepaal

cae

al:~rd. en die Oi'i'WSng van kenn!g • en nis die be!!!taan van di~,;; '\H.:JO!bwerp

nie. Die voorwerp is die or..bekende falttor ~ totdat dit beJ:;.GJ.1d

v~n die ep1stemolog:1ese probleem wat by die subjak bEigin

op ~ub.~lektiwisme en skeptis1sme moet uitloope3)

Daa:r is r~ds in die oomblik van WEU"iTntn~ing twe~ sttll-ra

vo:rrau~ vf.4n die l:HlWUs$yn werksaam, tewete ruimte en tyd.

Hldm-te is di$ vorm va~ alle waarn~nning van. dle uiterlikee liu.fm ...

te is nie 'n determinant van die w•reld van voor'l:"fe:rpe gelf

word n:te ears waarfiene~m en dan, cp grond van ·n ontda1dd .. ng

daerna (d.w.fh ~) &~ ruimtelik ervaar n!eo Fn1im ...

te if>! die~- d1e J.og1ese voorveronderstellin.g

va:n die waam.eming van voorwerpe a~ uiterl1k. Dit gean

4) ~\

di~ W~E.ta:.r:neming vooraf. In d.iE§ verb8nd

se

Kant··i 1 _dle vol·-No experience of ttle external relation~ of sen~.tble thi.ng$ could y:teld the idea of space, ·because wlthou.t

the eonsciou.sn~ss of. ~pace there would be no i:3~·tern~l

e~perience

whatsoever.

Hierin. 1~. galee dle mee~ eenvoua1g~ u1 tdrulrJfin£;; '~a11. die &b:e:olute vere>k11 tussen die voorwe:rp v!i1!.n di.e 1J¥S~tl•n(~mi:ng

. ~,

en dte V()Orwerp wet buite Clie vmarnerningegebied vrd "''Id

lU.eselt"de 1$ w~HU" van die ander vol"m wet reedt:' ·by dia

tl:te bestaanereg van di.e t"U!n1telike vorms as apa:rte ~1-W beg:tn.sel~ van lunm1~ vind Kent h:1 d:l~; vermo~!4 ·v·an

d:!19 bewuss}"'fl

am

!l.irrteti~se oordele te vel. Daa~oeur w<:;rd

t!l~e.k en gevolg.., Sleg~ in die ervaring kan ~intetiese oor= dele ge'l1tel word. Dia rede

g~e.r1 sn.alit:i.e~

te

wer~,:e

f,)

de:t~ kO!u~epta.

) lii~rdie prose~

ka,n egte:r nie

~Qltl~

u:niwer$eel ,ksn vtee~ nie. D1e kategoriee wcrd ~.ie ontdek

op dle W~Sl!g vsn beoordeling n1e maa:r bestasn 1 .. eed~ voor alle

beoordeling. Die fenomenele w4jreld kom tot stand deur d1e

tnwerking van die kategorie! op d:f.e erv~r1.ng .. 11) Di~

moont-l:Udleid van die samevoegi,tlg van persept~ en 1;onsepte tot

n

eenhe1d v~am kenni,$ l$J gelel in di~

a,

s.im•J..

~inte$e... Dit

i.e ~~a syntb.esiw not of difference$ with each other but of

merG

d1vertJ~ity

with mere unity.,"12) D:lt is die

tri>l:nsk~:tl­

d®nte voorwaarie van alle $11ntese.13) Dit lg die tertium

~ W&;fi1;rdeur diE! teen~telling tu~H3en die :r.es~ptiewe en

~1.ntetie1111e we:rking van die arv<u"ing en cUe $pont~n.e en

anal.:! tiese \>~eerking van die intellek: 1.n •u ho§r gintese

ver-dwyn ... 14) rat

be~taen

seam met die tre.nskemden.te

~el:t:'

p,ai'l die dut\\tkal"!t· "1&n alle \va~lrnem.ing.

w~-k~ Voo:rwe;rp di.e stempel Van Sj"' aie be'\'IUSSfllSSktiWiteit tl:l'$..4)

Pia '\roonerp 1~ nooj,t 11 abstralde objektiewe enti.teH: nie 9

l!l&el" word altyd noodsaaklik verbind mat die "ek d:f.nki~ van

tlie: bewussyn.

n

W4reld. wat nia ge~ien word vanu:lt cU .. e

stand-punt· van ~ vme.rr1em:ende self nie, is eenvwdig onde:nl:;.baaro

~~mo lmowl~ge

wbateveru

~

Kant15) 11 uno unit;r and

eon..wl&ction of

Objects,

is pO!!Sible for um apart

from the

unity

ot

consciousness v;hich is prior to

all data

or

perception

and

w1t.hwt relation to

Which !\0 CO!U!!CiOUa!\GSS Of obj~Cts is po~sibleon

D1~

transkendente

eenheid

van a;ppe:rsapsie bied ook die

g~ond slag Vllm. die

.Ql?jg)i:t&!·•.:t!2a.S

van die waargenome w~reld o

Di t i~ die \'laarborg dat

die

wlreld flOOS jy di t waa.rneem ook

d1e wllreld 1~ $OOs ek dit ~·8a!'neemc

!he synthetic ur11 ty of cons-eiousneas 1~ at1 ob jeotl.ve

eondi t1on of all knowledge. It 1! not merely a

condition which I muS'lt observe in knowing an.

ob-3ect,

but it

is a

condition 1.1nder v.thieh every

per-~eption must siEJt;d t before 1 t ean b$Come a1"! object JO:t:" me at all. t'J)

D1.t ~ou,

volgens hom_ ;a grov1we ~;&r.ma.tiging van die karrt va11 v::H,e ~.ib­

jek v~·aee om te verwag dat die raa.l:i.teit moet veranctei" om aen tt~ pa~ by die wette van die bew.ssyn. trlat geken word11

. . 1?}

te. bly daar die antinanief van \li.t~ suiwere :rede. · · Slag~

deu.:r

:n

ongekond:tsionaerde rea.liteit naas di.e gel~ond!sioneer· ... de f'enomenele wlreld

ttt

tiink18 ) 9

w~rd

daar

n

verkla:ring vir

die best.taan van die· antinom1ei ge'bied. Hierdie Ol'lgekondi ....

sioneH~rde

nonmenele wfreld

is die absolwt onkenba:re$

so ...

dra di.t in. relas:i.e tot ~n kennende b@Vmseyn gestel wOI"d~

word d 1 t by die fenomenele w•reld in'tH~gryp. Die begrip van

n

onkenbare i~ d:le beg~ip van die noodsaaklike perke van di@

1~enl::uu:•e

..

19 )

Xant het met sy uKopern:Ute.antlie rewolusiett in. d:le :f:t.loso-f~1e seker meer kr1 tiek op di.e hals gehe!tl a~ eniga ander :ff ...

lclsoof ln die ges(ki~den:!.!:l. Sy kriti~tiflnte wcrd geno~m ~~ th€:

l!,th recoil of the l'*$as;on on 1tselrn2 CI) en by word d~l!i:Mran ~') 'J. ·~ be~kuldig dat ·~be reduced (the pure :reason) to impotence"~~ .. "'"·M-1 Die grofge~kUt van hierdie kr1 t1elr op di~ kri tisisme is

ge-rig teen die begr1p van die onkeribare. Dit sou 11

ko.ntrad.ik-,'1,~)

~1e Wll)!Jl~ om te weet da_t dear 'n o:nlu.m.bare i!l .. ,;:d'!:

:01~ Karttiaanee ~telling kan ve:rdedig word, deur de.arop

!<ant h~>tt hom~elf' die ta~.k gegtel om d1e grens~ van kenn:i.~

ann 'te dui e l:y· het aan homsalf. die vra~.g €fie~t~l: ,,"NtJt 1-::e~l.

ant\voord t~ vi.nd, b:r.1.ng mee die impl.ikaf:de d.at dai!U." let,r.

tw

vn:~t eic ~ ka.n ken n.ie~~~ Die tdbtaJI(.ening van 'n eetded

'binne grense beteketl dat daar-l:.ruite :u gel)ied 1~~ wts~.t n:te b(t'"'

hool"t tot di.e begreniidS gebied

nie.

w~~ar die N~iml

~ 'lan tU..~tt~ feit van kemi!l 1~, volt; dat buite di~

begr'""tt$de geb1f*d van k.emis daar 'n onbegre.n.:sde geb1ed

le

1'i'aanan ke:tmis o.n;moon.tl1k is.

Buber-23)

1t~l

f3.i e seak as volg:

Indiseolublf conrteeted with tbe 1'1n1tude whieh is

given by tbe ability to k:nO'fJ ~ tl1is0 there 1$ a

partieipa.t!on in tnfin:l:ty, wh~is giv(:tn by the

ability to know at allo the meaning is therefore

that when we re&t.lize man's f'initude, we xnu~t at

th~ sai3:le time recognize h.i$ psrt1c1r.r:J.ticn in :inf:'l.ni"''

ty$ not

ae

two jwttaposed qUkll1ties~ but Rs the tvrofold nature

or

the prooef,\se~ in which t<.lone

me.n' s existence beeomeS:~ recogniltable. The f:tnite has :!ts effect; he share$ in. fi:nitude GJ;1d h<:; d1iF,t:!':e~

in

1nf1n.1ty,.,

D:.fi!\:f' moot du~ ree<h met Kent ~e n.itga.ng~pt:mt 11 n.&rur!l:U-r

da.t die rol van die kennende be!'WU.ssyu f.llla~·bepalend is l)y

~ ... -':1 ·~

t _{~(-:; ooverm~} ,.,Jg; _{va:n Q4>e pev-russyn ore} rl" ~ _~Agf!e. 4l 1~ ~ . . '! f.,j . ~;!j, '

J, ~:;;e tranf:J:r.enueel"" · •

buite die r~l£-t.sie l~ nie. Deur ;n a!'le.1dingspros~;:Hf₉ 't;eh~:::>e:rs

deu:r

l2DSi!ii,.JittH

2E)

~"!at

nie net geldig is va11 die lle¥'rtltii·""

eynstruktuur nie, maar ook van dit wat as nPf'~E!.i.eal reality~? tuite die bewtt$syn be~t~'Ulll& word die lyn ttu~sen weet en

n:ie-l'rimere ~i~td.e wa~ruit kennis van voorv;erpe o:ntsta&n n1_efl

nasmlik d!it in vmarnem1.ng, van t>l'atter aa.rd ookal& dle rel~­

s:te vall':l die voonerp tot die ~bje}: nooit bnite ral::e:n_,_r.;g

gehou kti!l. word n1e,29) Derhal'lire i~ [J!nige vergalyktng tusser1 die voone:rp van e,Ue ~ubjak se \Vaarneming en die vc;o:rwerp

aa rlit nle v.;<:H:::rgenearn word rtla, h.(;tsy om. te be-wear dat hullo ".:i.O'

eend.ers, of dat :hulle ve:rskillend :ts, uitor~raard ortmt}0!1tl:Ur. .... ~ "

K~nt het dus, ne ons men1ng • gelyk, wa~~r by d:i.e t;e:naderiP~

van die onafl'.tefl.klik-van-die .. wan:rnemir"'-be~t~l~nde voorv;~~~:rp

katego:a."iei f~W van toope.ssing Weteii f.!leg$ op die !!.nQlQ!!~

nomenele wlreld e 1 ver~k.ynsel .!!W die nonme1'lele -wareld $ta:an

tot d:le no:u.mfimsle w'reld in die reltu~ie v~an cors~ak en g~~­

volg~32)

na~nnd~ perke van die :fenomenele wt!reld n~::ttuurl:U'f. tot ·u klug

gf;llm~aak ll lJtarlt, ~woe S

tace33)

tereg opmerln

If anything is urumowable this m~?Jans t11£lt

:tt

1~

abeolutel;r u.nkn<Wmble. And if ~9e h.!lve any l~J'iJJii"-led;;;;~S,

of

it,

hmever slight& it is not unknowBtbl~.)

likha·id van 'n begrt!rudng tu9sen d!.e weet of ken'bsu3rheid van die f.enO!ll®nele Wereld en die nie-weet Of OrUH~nba!l~;rhe1d 'Vf.in

~t~SI.t'Ul van die w~te ven die onk.enbare op ·n ~{r.Jd~r w;,}tsH£~ moet verk.laa:r a~ om dit met die

oe

van d:le f(;'Jnomenele w~r~~l.d te

e~.n only lead to rroundle!!s assert:i.On!ll, to whi,ch other

as-!:llll:r.tions equally speeiou! may slwfl.y~ be opposed, the in ...

ev1table re$Ult be1r,g skeptic.iem.

';') Ibtd p.,

3:

If it were really neee$Jsary .for our p~rceptj,ctn

to eo!\J'Ol"t-1 to the n®~.J.re of object~, I do not ~~e how w0

emlld kn~.r a.nyth1ng of

it

1

prlJ!rJ.;

but :f.f the F<!U1!L'lble

object rm;u~t conform to the consti tutio:n of our f~1e,u1 ty of

pereept1oloa9 I see no di.ff'ieulty in the matter.

Ook Stout; Mind €:tnd A~tter :r.~.,

1'75.

Kant holds that his

predeCiiUJSO!"$! ₉ in dealing in

the

w.~y in which t~e .k:nov;

e:!(i;sr-nal o'bjects9 ~ve all p:rooeded on a fundamentally wrong a~­

sumption which lead5 them to s:tate th~ question at i~sue

wn-ongly s.o f'?:ilJ to preclude the po!!sibility of any tena:ble

tu'lswer ..

3) Sien A.C~ Jl.Wing~ Idealism p. 95a Objectivity ml3ans for

Kant nacessiey61 snd he cl&imed ~hb.t it '-'a~ his philosophy

alo~ which sec1J.red thi~ for his philowopb.y ~:.lone w.a ~ recr.)n ....

eile.'ble with th•~ posslbility of synthetic judg~~ment~ carry ...

Ook Wat:"loru OJ'h. eita~ p!J

9*

Ey ~i linat~Vledge we ~ibB1~1

undet"'stand * oo .. tru~h (knO\vledge) at;;, 1~ a.b~ol:utely independent

of all expe.rience

o

6)

ever is .i ..

lt:LW

must be eontrtbut~3td by the tdn.d) l'?d Kan.t ·directly to the e.f.l!llelu.:!i!ion that .evecythlng ~.;re knO"'J n:r,.Hrt he made by ue (

oo.t

of given me:terie..l) ~ince otl1erv:!.~:'e h()~ 'ria~

l"..f&l as a eondi.tion or ~-ll

experience • but

not tib$Olutely real~ for t-ille !loos not belor1g to objeet5 a.r{ they a:re :tn.

·theml'Selve$ but only to the subject that pe:rcaivtHJ

tb.am..-!t tl!!l lr~l..+L.;t.sil@~, for in ab~traetion f:rom

sub-jective conditions of perception tim~ 1.s simply n.()th:tng

~n.d cannot be ~~dd to substst by itself or to inhere :ln

thing! that so S'.:tb;d.$t.,

P:td.losophy@ p. 60.,

f\) Dig sa. a!~ word deur J1"W:b1g ( op. eit. p.. 68) as '~olg :'lll:li-!tmge=

va.t: Space and time f.rre sensible a.nd yet ~» thett

is they rutVll the quality of be:'i.ng p~reeptut~l, and Jn~t they

are prEH~uppos%!!ld.,..,". in such a way that we could Kni,'JW

,a

Klm

that the ehara.cteristics which we found in spaca a.nd

time aJ,"~e trll$ of

thst

experience in general. Thifl enable~

geometry to be both i.

m:tw

~u1d $yr.rtbet1.c: syt1the'tic be=

cause :tt itl3 b&$ed on somethitl& sensuatlflt A,

Priw

bee~:~.utte

space ;ls 5\Uppo~ed in f.&ll O'l.l.ter ( phys ica.l exper iane~ ztnd

therefore the obJects cf thie exper:'lence OO'I.7e to cor:tform

to geom~try :1.1: they are to be experlenc®d ~t all~~~

9) Wa:ts.o:n: Op. c1t. Pe 40.,

11

'f'Jhich mll.ke up reality g !'?:nd of the Ullliquenass of the bein.g

n@eted V?:lth. eeeh other wi.thin a unity is to jt;tdges

ll) Ibid., p., l?9s !he Categorie!!§ are genel:o-~1 rules or prtn""'

oiple111 <~ntering universally into the GS$f'Hltia1 t~onsti tut:f..o~l

of

the

phenmenal v;orld or,

in other

wordsil

indiipErn~fble

to any

po~sible kr.towledge

through

experienceo

12) Ibid.~ p$ 188<\\

13) !!wing:; op. e-tt~ Po ?4o 'fhis !!ynthetic conn~ction. Cii~.nnot e:tthe:r be e~plained or e~la.ined away but must be aecept~~d fd1~ .a faet. for it is itself the foundation of all infertJnce

and

!O

of all

explanation.

14) ThitL, pQ

12.

Kant al~o ~uggests tr..a,t tt synthetic~ Lm"'iPtl

judgment can be valid i.f a.nd only if there is t~rJme tt:lJ.J"(~

:raetor which ineluc1es and unit$~ 1.ts ~rubjeet and p:redi(~~1;e ..

16) lbi.d.l! p" ~·94

17) £'V~:f . .rtg

e

op. c1 t 0)

pp

e 84-92 0

18) Vh ... Kant ;1$ d&,a.r 'n -wef.'!enlike vernk11 tusssn 1et$ nk.e:rlu ~r<

i~t~ ,tdinltu"' Sien lbid p4> 102. !Ulnt denie~ dei':i.nit.e

*-~eiantifie lU'WWledge of th:t.ngs-in-themselve~ but he ~J.dmit~ \'il'e c~n form a kind of vague and 1ndef1ni ta but ~till very

~.;~-~---· ~~·g_,,·,~~-- ~~ rr··~ _{,~. •.. "' ""' ... J'.- - ' -~·.>. ~' o ....} <.>!l' r .,.~.. 01 '--· "

!bid pp.,

t tr.:;

Roedf!! :1n di~ij aa..m.ra.ng$Woorde van .ay ~:.An Intrcxluction to

t:leme beluiftter tng v~m die h~i.rtklop vsr1 d ia law a wut deu.r

iL"

Om aergson se eie itU:>Orde te

'b9sig~

6

'

fh~:ra i~ ~ ~ueeest;ion of statef.t each of wrl.i.ch

annountle~ tlw.t v~tli.e!l :follC1VJ~ ana contairzs tt~t~-~ t vtJ~.~:tc!1

p:r•eeedet~: lt ~ They can p:t"'oporly Slpeal-d:n.g ~ only be

~aid to i"'crm rr~u.lt1ple ete.tes, whe1:1 I have e1!'(!£tdy

passed them and observed the.ir traek.. J.bJ.lLU.-.J~

·~ 'e -! + ~e they were so solidly· orga.rdzed !P

so pro .. o

y

'?irrl.mated with

'l

common life~ th~t

:r

could not hav-e ~aid where or!e of' them f i.n1 ~hf.!d ot)

'~Nher~ another commenced " _

W<Zl.@ ne. d1t wat n<)gnia ls ni12:₁₁ ken geen «l~:rwetN nir.3o

P)

,~To fOI"€iH3eeti $~ Eerg$on~" ' nCODfliatr: of p:ro;jectirli;ii

into thf!l future what ha$ l;een perceived in the p&~t. .. ., ..

But that which has never been perceived, ar1d which is at the ~tL'!le

time

simr;le9 is necer.sarily iJtrfor~':!""'

see£1tble .. t~

Van die beweging v~u1 die be¥russyns1awe~ ElOO~ dit on..,

m.iddell:Ut ervaar word& ken dan ge~l word dat dit nit? die

vere.ndering van

.1!1.t

is nia 9 l'llf!er verm4.~:r,.:~ ~.tl.f... D:tt

:ttc

~u1were

?i.rJ£.9JJ;&9) $

A~m1lks

mae.k di t 'n onderdael td .. t van

1!'JI.li:f$ beccmli.r~ ₁₁ alway~ che.ng1ng • gr•owing 9 str.:iv1J'lg 9 :::md v·herc: ...

·~ ... ,)

in tl'le ·wol'"d of power is t1ot lali ~ but lif~~~ .. . t.•; ·

Volgens :Bergsor.t moet

ei

t

n

kenwyse toteal ve:rdd.l1E>nd van

ti!.l! :pas op

n

gebied l!H.H'l!" >f:3l!{e voor~pelling ntrod\~'®:nd:lg Vt:l"=

~ .• 1 . . 12)

k~erd -meet wee~La A.J..uU.s Bergson:

fhe i..•:rtellect i ! life loold.r.g outw;.~.re 11' putt:l:ng 1:t .. ,

~elf oots1de 9 ~tdopting the v,:a_y~ of un:reeogn.ized

ru:-tture in pri.nciple in ·:;;rdet· to di:r(llt(!t them in

fact""' u It re~wlVfH~ the or,&nized irrto the lU'lor·"''

gan1!:ed, for it

eannot

11 w!thO'~t revarsing ita:; ne.=

·tu:re.l

dlrect:i.on. and. twif!lti.ns abou.t on it5elf th:tnk

t!:"ue continuity • reel !tiobili ty reciprocal pene• tration • i.n a word9 that creative evolution whlto;h

Pi,ttig word h:hrrdie pot;\i$51e det1r- Bergson ~;Utl:l.g~v.nt

waar h:,r VB.."l ~ti'k8X'$ psigoloo se dat-H they desil'~ an b1i:ui tier:;. !I

tyd~troom l\:en stil!ll!tand slags as

n

IDmcntlike zel"'O=punt ~

Aldu!! Bftrgsoft;14 )

It i$ movement we must .accustom oursel·tre~ to look

upon as simplest and clearestj) immobility· t>e:lng

only the extreme limit of the slOl.Jing down of m.o".re-,

ment. a 11m1 t I'flU1Ched only ₉ ptlrh.ap~ 9 in th\::t~lght

~nd never :rea.lized in nature.,

Er.t v.m. die

irrt~llek

!'

hf;l;')

~~J.~~~!!!:tu.4.,1?.t

. ' _{l·i'"""t""t"'t"~"""i""'n*} . _{H •··ld"~!ll.'! 1.':11~""''~'"'""""'} 1?) _{• ifl'· f"'"""''lr- t_,~,.,., i~·e::•-l'p.} . . ~

t~ ... ~ ~.l""~. .. ., i:-:t , . ;r; ₁ ~ . u. ... r,~~ e .;,¥ol.,.. ~. ... ~~.u .. J ~ v-...,.;;l ~.;.~...., ~._,_t.:.~clj. ... t

when it goe~ beyond the cc."'f.tce:ptt~ or <at least '<<hen :HG

frees itself' fl'ClZTI tlte rig:ld iltnd :r.eady.wrnade ccnceptft in.

ordGr to create a kind very different f:r(l~n tb,cl?e v,'krlch

we hab5.tually use; I mean suppl.e, mobile ttl.:nd Erlmo~t

fluid :repre$en.taticn!l!, alv:r~.;rtet ready to mould t.he·m~el""

ve~ on. the fleetj_ng rnouldg of' :lntttit1cn.}:

Qns la<i.tt Ber~$011 spraekal9)

It is to the veey in\H~.rdness of life thf~t ~Y...sm lead~ lHJ, ""' by intuition ! :mean instinct ti"JOit ha.~

become dimintareeted, self-Con$eioJ.~, S9.U.f~Q.f.

refleeting upon ~tts object and ~l,l~rs1.llf~t

....

Y~"''

bl1:b.,

t'-"1Hi!flst<'llling met di.e opvett1J'l~; van 'n re~litei.t wnt; ·v,::re..n..., der2C!)) d&ar te $tel..

D~arby

is

l!~vpr;~l);~~

Kanti~kanse kO"tU:H.1p V®.n die be~taande u:ttgedruk kan word n:~e *'

!J~Hlram

&wu dit

om:er.~.baar

2

3)

wee!l!le fog

t~

(lit

zenbc;nr~

cm.,.

fee:noor hierdie pot~itiewe byd:rae vru1 lJergli!<m~ bl~~~'k dit

egter dat by nie in. staet it! om die intu!sle tt~~ OOi':c~fh!1nklikE::

ge~d.en uit n.i~i·l die ve:eandel"ing Vl[ifl readsbe:st~.l.a...'lde onVfJl"';:e.nde:r· ...

'"' c')

lik$ ~nti.t(~it~&~ i~? ni(r'l/..:,..,. kan d:lt n.Uts a:k1.derf! w~~e~ r;j.~~ &~

-~ r*l:ralite:tt toe~a$₁₁ tenJyl by die tt~rme, V\aarso:r~der geen

;J~i ver~u1de:rli.ke ~onda:r

n

onve:re.nderlike ~ 'n 'tw;.,:rding ~onde:r. ':u

"'8)

geworde /' .~ kt.:tn dtnk nie. probea:~:• Berg.son om 'n. VHrband tt.!;\li=

po~d;c:ie dt.1t hy die tibzolute .-,;a_n cae r~latiew~ afht~nklU~

"Cf)

Dit is du• reeds duidelik

~)

f . " •

Si en.

v:lr d.ie

bv ··'

~;·6) Qmdliit hierdite st:tak "ran soveel belsJ1_g is~ n~·:a.l Of:ii! Kier-ke-g.t~Uitrd hiter i.n die

bree

aen ( Philo~ophical Fragrren.ts ~ p ~ 60} ~

the nature of the dlt'r.ge i.rrJolV<lfi.d in bect1illiing ( ICL v16 cs )?

~.cin1E>lity., (my l~u:r~1ver:h').g).,,

~o:I.ute

!jerg$0'"tl. l;;eweer" 'n volkom~ ~ proses insove:r erJ.gee:n ·v·£J.'J.

di$21 or:.e1:ndige aants.l moontlikhedE:" g;eEA:ktua1:lseer Lnn iY(Jrd ..

Pit 1.s nooit ~ die ge-worde toestand ontf'tas.n ··7<r:l.t nood ... sa,alf;.lik :J.s n:i.e9 tnaa:r ~ d1t uit dio vH;:n·cang tctstun.d

!i&l kome

~~9) 'tA StH'Jl~tgl!llyke kritielr van die Vlte.liste ·word door Eelnr:.

a':}f'fJl' l;;;.ruswl.edge of the k;r; et <'!:< ~ pa~t; he- ove:rlool:;;~ th~:~

dec:ls1.t~J d'lffe:r-en.ee between the t~no more~' ~tnd the n:not yet~~ f.neling of thE) child 9 _{~ con~~c].Ou2nt~ss i' \~1h:tch l~! thEI}

~erm

or

00%' clear know l~dge ~)f' the pf.l ~t i\;1 ~ 1)2; f'j'\}; $ t: nd <!;\ ~

-®---~-~---~---~---1 ..,

die i;~egins$l op grond

waarvan

my l'i&reld absohmt Vt:\rt :tou

~-w~rald.

vermd.l

~ ::u

n

Blote kw;;:er:rtitEitlewe ver.mee:rderi.ng van

ri'JY kennis k.an nooit kennis van jou wlreld bring :rde 0 \3trit& t

6.)

roy biS~Et6an ..

:vie

f1f.-tak word deu:r Heir.l/) as volg

ge~tel;

I ra;n,.a in evarr.nor(1' vri thin my ViO:r ld • the 'EH;~:r ld €1 r. I ~ee i.t.. I cann.ot t.ake the smalle~t step o .. 1t. ...

wall ('Jf p1Jl'ti tion at which. m;v 'jliHJrld ce;.H;En?· to l::o

ond the world of another b~sgi.n$.,

midt"ti\lpunt van 'n w(\\reld vs.n v-oor¥H~rpe 0 @;''~en w~~g .it:' m;; 'n bndt.~:r

flegtt n."te CO a)

nie 8 omdat die b~~stna~E,,.~.,-ee van la&.$'genoon1de ~"lie 111 t te dr·I.tl-\:

j~

.tr4 te:r:me van obJektivd.teit nie .. 9) Dit 1s onrnoontli.'li

D:f.e ver!'k11 tu.ssen "ek'1 _{en ,~d.:f.tn is cat die perspektie-if;;e}

middelpimt ;.9R;1..$. il:: tU~ geb1ed ':!Jt!t cmd~H" cib~HE!!'V~1 si.f: is, ,,.,·sJ

niea

"11le.tr tll.e

:r'

9 volgenaE Haim10 ) 9

Mrnu~,t

st1!ll.nd c.;n

t.hiSJ. ~ide of the objective world !:>nd out stde

oi' i.t S.& FhOW'n by the simple an.d obvimu1 fact, tba 'ba~:ts of our 1.lnder~ta11dl~ of the Ego~ ·tne

Th·e. !;t I~1 Of~ tl~e· {Jril'D.!iTY '!J~ord ~·~ 1•1{~~~}} tlti£:t i~:

9 t:t1r.a

i& l~t..r 1~,~~-Ct~r~ tlr t~O u-Tl'lGU~~ • ~·Ju.t f.~tlrrc:J11Itde.d ~):·~t CL ~r;l~.lt:L'T-~

tude of' ~'c:ontent~·~ ₉ ha~ no pT'Psent 0 onl¥ u·"e p<:-:rt"

!7'1J.t L"! another v.ay, ln so f~r i'~ m.8.n T(;,~?t~ ~}~;,ti!!­

·o···""'•~q _{.;" ,. .. (';.. ... \, ,.$-e} 1·· ~!~,. ,~4>f• _{VJ... •'- td~-J..!Y} , .... -'1 ~"u+ _{·"\.ol ... V} t _·. 4 _~t..#."-& ..,C' .... _{'-• .} "!"'""m '" r>rl }· . .:; _.L.~;;~~-b 'll'>f;,,~, 41 ~· 7 "3 ~ ... .,.,

{.N._J" .. \.U ...,,\G .:!• ..,_t, '>;_",..:.;~ !-,t ~ lt:. & !1:~'·.1.<"

ktJ:r~i ve:ring ) •

3) Slen hierbo p .. 9.

4}

5)

C)

"> .,. )

odJ.

~,.,

12 ' Ib.td t> p (i 30"

meard.rtg which is not involved in the living pre;,errt"

l!D

:O:te bi!3gl"ip vatn

n

O!r'f::t.!'ftnd..,rlike uietgtl l\lf:it VCI'.!imde:r. i.S'

S :!.en hierbo p * 2

5..,

(th(! ileel:ine of the We~t~ Pe

53)

i~ die toen~te111ng tu~Hsn synde en word.ing f.3ie 'bron van. alle wanbsgrippe cor dj.e

pbilosophf' .... between 'fbeingf! and "becc-m1ng1' seE~~mf to rrdss

the essential polnt in the contrast 1 t :1$ meant tt) express ..

A .

.n

eri.dl('iH:s becoming ... na.etion4' , t•~u:tual:ityr'- .., tsri.ll alw.ay~

iS ifill ook

so

:K1erug;;:un:•d $

62.,

16) ''* i1:~e most trag:tc fact about life t is the utt(~l" impo~slbil:K .. ty of chalflf;il'lg that V'Jl1ich ha1~ happenedfr ... Galfr\'Wortl~J'"

ell accidental e.irenmSJtances ii is such tt.lfrt tlte consti

tl:t-tion of our mintb 1~ :radically ineapabl~ of' l:tn.olr>'.iJ·•..g 1, t,

s~th1ng which 1s totally outsi.de any conceivabhl b:t.unan

ltnc:m'ledge » tJ~thing from. whlch we are completely cut cff ~

not by distanee. lack of' instrument$ and th~ lik1!1lj bu.t by too nature of our mental proc~H'~Ses.

bectlrnillg; 11 hut alw·ays wh.at has Pll:ready become.,

l t i~4 a t:ra.n~ition. from l10t ... be:b-,.g t;;) beingo <41 . . . . ,. nrrt a

'taia·1n.g of thi~ k1nd (noo-bei!'..g) which is r.K~verth~le~s B

non ... be.1.ng. is what

·ue

know 8.~ possib:tl.i.·ty.

,.

RJA.-~

....

tlmi.

.-1\\~u-nr;;wua.m

..

... "

~Ylotsom~ dat dear 'n c:nkenbare i~e.t.J

Da.a:rdaur wor<.'l di.e subjek lngesluit binne die e~m~a-t~_mh;=dd van

2)

sy eia at1bjekt;1Vliteit., ~ Di.t ls du5 du1<1elik da.t₄₁ lnd1.en

van 'n oooin<ligheid waa:rop di0 stempel v~Jl subjektiwite:it a:f.'.,,

gefll""ak

1~

3

).

w1l ootkO'it'111 aaar :n:te J.anger op h:lerd:ie een

uitgan~~pur~t ge~oek word, ~ !Dill pritnfira rela$ifh

Hierdie nuwe primfra rela~.de ~taan die.lektie~ toenoc>l~

l~a.sgeno~Grnd.e !"fi:lla11ie onmoontlik is 111 naamlik k~mrrUI'lika~d..e met

4)

'n ander pe.rspekt1.ellh~ m1ddelpunt 11 word op grortd van dic.c: T'l.U.1:r.~~

n,]$! va:r:. voo:rwerpe moont1.1k meak.lll ~aambar~g mtr~t dh'l: bej)aalde

best<li~·itnfil'i'tryse

van die

}-Je:!"~pekti~:w.•e

m:lddelpunt5) 9

i~;

die ntrwe

Dit ha:ng sa.am met die fait dat die subjek. rlie net

we~~~

:is wat

£U~

n.ie₀ mal).r ook 1l

•we~e t~~Ist j::'~.n9Jlle

7

)

D:te

teenstelling met die reles1e t'lHHH~n 'n perspektiew® 1:·rtddel·,

punt er~ sy voorwerp 9 word £:1 tyd ge¥.,enrnerk delu·

Jli&tqr.J;.e,;r:iiJJ..ti9,.

Daar ~-s r:dtyd 'n e:is en 'n bekenteni!!ll.,

1 .. \

A f..I a J.;

s~ .• .~.e ... m;;

(tThou'1 _and

$' Jtl Cl<.I'.not come into e<mta.ct by one

another.,

.,

... "' )

Die ontmoet:tng word. moon.tli.k deur die woord _.,~.,e.': · !l:lt

:ls die

~·.§A,...,prigr.

..

t

of relation, the inborn Thou'"., 13) Dit

:t~

n1a. Die ontr..iloe•ting vin.d plaas sonder sy toedo(~n.

(iil{#l Buber se woorde te gsbrttik g

14)

Tl.le werld which e.pp~ar$i to you in this way it'll

unreliable. for :lt take~ on a eo:nttnually 1:16"'1\I

appea.ranee; yw cannot hold 1 t to its word ..

It ha$ no dentSity. for everythtng in i.t

pr:1ne-trates everything else; no du:ratlon$ fen:· i.t come$ even when it l.s not smnmonedt') and ~.P'a:rdr:>hE}~

even when

it

is

tightly

held.,

:nie. JJie ~~ek ... jyu ifli in reh<~de tot ::lie teek•d:l.tfl di~~ sel.f

!lie

uC~!.paci.ty

:tor sel:t ... tmnscendencenl5)

op onverkl<>.t.arba:re wy~e die nouste ve:t•band bestaan, v1o:r.cl <:u;n ...

It i~S~ only when thef'e is such a non-objectifia.ble

meetir!ff behind the hear:tng or reradtng of the

uttered word, that the sound of the word~' 4)1'

the a~semblage of .letters vihieh com.pOi1e tt9 at· ..

t&ins the i.nv1.sfble di~tinct~.on by wb:tch tt i~

1~<£>t.nn 411. ~..!..1.~ V-t£ """"t ..,;..;• v'~t 1t ... .~ P' ,..,"~t-,,...,...,. ""'"'t'~""'·~nl ~'iri'"-'~""'""P"'-•:~-~,t· ii-£.-!VJ..\i.~' Ul'""A - 0...\o ... ~;.~ o;;;i,.;:. ... '4-~ ..._; ... ~i.!!~:..(I,.l.~ t) C.;Li\.,"~ ····-·~

so distirlguished from all other scrunds t:md figures11

e.s the placf

₈

~t which the otber perlF!on op~J.ns him·"

self to !!!eo J

D:tt 1.s ni€i moontlik v.:lr r.Ue

mens om uitsluitlti.: in die ne)!;. ... jyu-r~lasie t~ ~'taa.:r1 niee

Kennis van die

ni.e-objekti~;;~H~ is nte tnoootlik sonder kannie van die o'bjJt:!ktiewe

en dit is die vlak van die Cibjekttfieerbare.,

conceptual •

.ru:&...!YliJ,.

nt·dth<~r the infinite 111 nor the absolute 9 11or the

thi.ng-in ... it~alf ... ~ w.,ord ... e.J.lJ.~!D&~~.Jlk~Jil~D.tL~,ll;;

~.!U ,o,!i.Jf;!e.~ ... ~.?. 9.9!1J!C~2\M!l}i~~!.~~ (my kurs1vering}

So 'n beskouing i~ netuurlik 'n miske:r;,ning vr:m die

be-Kierkega.ard druk dit aE' ,,olg uit (Concluding Unsctent:t.f:tc

Postscript, p. 68) l! While objective thought t:ran~late$

i.nh:w:manly identifying h:1.vHM3lf vuith speculatlve ph.ilcn~ophy

i.n the ab stra.ct" ...

the speculati.ve result 1s a delusion ..

11!~~~~~~1§~l~-~~~~~~~~~~~~· ---~tiQIL.~~t~

M .. Buber (Between !&an a,nd Man, p .. 1€!.8) en S .. R .. Hcip-pe.r (The triflis of F'e1th, :pp .. 236 ... 243) '~Ys dr~£(:rop dBt rHed~

be 1.UU~erstood as a part of th~& wa.rld~ as a tbir'lg timOng

thingf!~1 _{en homself die vraag g~stel ~ wie iw- jy~l Die}

de ~ekerheid van d:le 'bastaan vf'.n vco:Ml\rerpe 1:1ie.,

2) S:ten HoppGr 11 ope eit ~ p ..

Bl

oor Kant: Each mind was ~hut

l!:Rlbjeetivity, from which ther® ifl no egre~s into truth o::md in which tbe spi:ri tual life ~tarves to de~B<th :frc,m a

~u:rfeit of .i.ts

own

barrenness.

3) Die log:le$e konr:-,ekwensie van F:Ulke eksklu~iw1 tHit i~

9)

·that he lt:n(')lWtJ;i tht-it he exist£~ {the n I am$) therefor~::;~ 1: am

a thi:nkeru formu1&) i~ a primary"' df.t'tUt'l ~nd presupposi.tion

~J!;:tf/A !f.l~m::A~ t

Jit.u

t .J!m~ll :t~ i1 lh~

..

;QGCJU)ji.S,I.Y_. ?lf.Q"'~,l[mk

dmu" tUS$4!!1n d:te twae onder~kei kan word 1"liGe

11) Op~ cit~ P~ 167~

mao

the,t Jt is ~l ~ign.,

18) Heim~ op. c1t., p. 169., 19) Buber ~ I .an.d Thcmil' p .. 16 .. 20) Ibid.: p .. 6;'.,

. . 2) geheel ..

~''\

In die

Dle verflkil kan nie kweu:1titat1.ef uitgedruk word nie4>

herisont~le lyn kan tot in die oneindi.gh(;;1id ve:r 1€rng word"

;r;on-aer dat daar ooit

n

ve:.rt:i.kal(~ lyn ontt:Jtaan., Di.e

moontli.k-'a. oneindige bor1sontale vlak .. nc:>oit in

~ryfel

getrek nie .. 8 )

l.fapli.ka~i.es 'llJ'el"' bu:ttH die ge'bied v~m die wiskunde., Tt 'l.,. """""',"''41_{bl""li ""Jt ·p,.<f.,..9) t""} ""~Y·">l~·• _{t:<-· . ..-..}

~~ "" ·- "'' .~-'"''"""'~ .l:. ..., ""~ vw ... , t V ""' c;~._., 1::' :I wJ.J.""'

~tl'"ltetural pri.nciple err:bcd:tel! :t.n the relation of' co-ordinatee to a rale.tioo vllhieh dOt-~s not adn'lit of verific;,."ltion by tr.e sen!Ht~~.. Thi~ 'hap~;ef:.!s VJhen I seek to fi.nd :» for the stracture of the di!nensional bcr~.:mdaey lil a formula r:o g~mera.l tf.1~d;; fj

wheree~ ~P<'Jtiel. co ... ordil'.'l&tas m.a.y be .regGJJ."d,e!d ~~·~

a ::;~peel.a..t. :t.nstances of such a rel1::tt1.o~ an ar1£.Lo= goo3 relation. lrJaY be recognised in the fl:phere

alb(~i. daa.:rop aa.ntF.praak dat hulle dies~lfde realitei.t besl~an₉

Hierin. :i.s gelei d'i.e feit van hul saambestaan9

n

feit 11'11Yhieb

cannot be

eon.eeptually

apprehended".

Hi.erdi.e paradokssle (~enhe:td en ver~kil is t;eldig van a.lle eontu1ua waa.rvan ge~3 ka.n. word dat hulle oneindig ts .. Want aJ.le oneindighede n1oet mek.aat> ontmoet .. 11) Hierdie

ontJ:noatlng 1\! nie die uitwiMli.:ng van die varsld.l nies- ll:lfJ.t~u• vind i.d tdrukking in die p.a:radoksale f'f~:t.t da t d iesel:fde in·"'

h:a~d aan albei oneindighede l:;ehoort ~onder om deur hu11e ge""'

12)

deal te word. ~.ar f:':Sl d:ue altyd $1 $Onder' t.lit~onderlng9

by d.ie ontmoeting van or.u;rtnd.ighede pa.radOk$ ui tbrael1:., D:le wetm£1tigheid vind uitdrul-tking in die feit dat 'n ver$ltyn.~el

1.1 verl.s:laring i.s ~ met e_en minder dimsn~:i.e onverk18arbaar

M ~i ~~ +

Rtk

1 d· i . . + l3)

va.n vool"'\ver:pe li..ulle vasgelocp het& aan die aen k;snt teen di~

oomoontlikhe:td om die b~staan van tv,ree kenbroone wat

t1,bs,)-teen d.1e o.ngenoegsaambeid van net e{f)n k~nb:ron as verkl~1ring van aodanige ken.rds1

5)

I) is dit var1 beleng om va. s te stel w~tter 11g d:!.e dime:nsionaliteit van relasi.e~ td.nne d:te

p:r.i.m~re ~₁ak-jy-dit$~ ... !1tuasie op hierdie pr<.l"l:;laem werJ)e

16) Die probleem van ketmi$ is een wat die nafewe be-wu::;;syrr'" " ni.e hinder nie. OT$1at d:it as die vansalfspreke:ncle grondsls:g

van alle pr~ktie~e al:rtiwiteit aangeneem word. naamlik die

vraag ll-a die identiteit v~n die subjekt.:tewe siening van

rn

die voo:rwerp rt1et die insigselfbe~ta.ande voorwerpo 1

•

Vol-.. 8)

g®r.U'! d.i'' besk:ooinge ,rm.n Kant en BergsonJ. .moet daa.r

yera;n~-r:tng k.om9 voordat die ident1teit9 wat ke:nni!5 moontli.k maaki

V(JOl\Oiiverp om by dj.e vorms var.~ die be~,{mssyn in te pa! ~,n a~m

dus FJelf~ nie weet ~ daiiir

n

voonJerp onafhanklik va~n sy 20)

'll'~~~tH'J.rneming bestaan nie ..

Die \'HH:~waa.r teen bogenoemde besk.ouingE i.s nie d!~t hul,..

le die wete van d.i.e ve:rskil by hulle ken.nis-leer i.nbegryp

21)

hlem of ~piste~nologyr~.- hia:rdie@ in cUe 11g va.r: d!e ~ubjek

2"")

se k:enni$ van voor<.f;erpe, onve:rklaa,rbare ·' ~~~wereness of the

ine.daquacy of the p:tc·ture as compared

~·dth

the ot•jet::t<:;:::3)

~:'4)

i:s' di.e ksf\..nis. op grond van die m1we Q

1ek .... jy~

1

... relasie- "

gesfj i~ oor die t'lpesiale w~ttnatigheid va:n. dir.;,E~nsionr·h'!'

'" g:•)

. relasies2) $ is d:tt duidel:tk dat ons hier -te do~n1 het met

elt-d:tt~t..,rel151.s:te₀ nawnl.il{ die wete van die ver•skil tus~en cU.f3

H

voo:t-ower.p van die aubjeJ..;:, se waarnemi:ng en dle vooriAH~rp r~wo~

die subjek vel₀ onverklaa:rbaar is vanVJ€'H~ die kon.tr~.tt::l>:sie

daa:ri:n vervat deur. di1a byvoegil'lg van die nuwe dim;;mE;ie VBJl

die Hek ... j:yH-relasia ve:rklaar v\iordq

l~et~oo;g di.e versk111ende &$!/I•akte van 'r.1 VcJOI'VJerx,i nie

heel te bied nie, :i.nsover elke a spek hoort tot 11 onoindigr:!'

vlak \'\lat geen kontinu:ttei t met ander oneindi.ge ~Jlak.ct,;.e

ver-26)

toon nie " so kan dio VOOI"\"'erpe. ~·:>or. deur V!:-:r;::ki11ende

perspel\.tiel'11E"1 middelpunte waargeneem. nie bJnllekefs.:rg£~te1 v1•ord

~"-::l"""l \

C.lm 'n begr:tp '\ran die voon1erp in 'ftY om~fb.anklfkhf.:d.d~ r.: te gee

~o'

!lt~ande voortverp gesl~ei. dm1r 'n versk11 vmt ~i.nalooEF0 J :l~ l11Elt

,..,q···

d:te V#j'~lfi5 waarop dimetudonele vlakke vl:m melriaar verskil .. .c:;·t

En dit i~ op grand Vf.1.n die dirnensim-'lele w;etm.atigtJ.e.id& dot

onH1.ndigh-ede .mekaa.r moot._ontmoat3{)). die tr ina.ppreh.en~ible

nObjeetivity an.d

Subjectivity'~

aldus He1m32 ) ll a1cannct be merl'f.ed off a~ two different con ...

tents. eo eH

:t~ var1 a11t1 kE~n.nis deur W£<e,rneming <:>f reflel\::~ie.. H:ler:tn :I~

of State, p. 119. rendered impo~sible. limi.t,. et"ld, ·beyond tb.e " 4) Ope cit. p.

93.

5)

Hei.m besig die terme _u absolutely difff.n'entt:

Op. cit .. p.

93 ..

apparently ribsol.ute antithesif! between freedom and

nec0s-come by simply abolishing one of the terms of the

antlthe-religiouE: and the intellectual con~c.i.ousn~::~.ss to ";'< ithdrav;·

of i.t cannot be softened. The contrsu:tt of the ~acred and

be a.dmitt!:ld in lt~ fullneii!IS .. 1"hen .11md not ti.11 then iNi1J.

the poss1bi1i.ty of a solution arise £5:nd the contre.d:i.ct~"on

be found to 1>e a condition of realtty and the ;•;o:rk of

cc.m.-flict:i.ng terms,

Le1ghton: Ma.n and the Comnos, pp. 13?-141.

8) Gnd:er die hoof·

lbi. ..

M!S&Di.ntHf. o!' jjh.§_I;;nf.ijf~ {Tt:rnn. D..nd the

in:fird.te is the u.nlt:" i ted 0 tliE::; unbcunded. For exat:ple tte

\

less d1.1rat1.on of life.n H.y ~rord skynbaar nie gehinder

daul"' die feit dat dit

n

kontrsdikS~ia is om te pr8.at van

(op. eit. p. 6A.) uce.n be thought of Ofl~Y a~ that ~hich

f:over.~ the whole of reality, beside~ which thfjr~ c~n lle

tween tbem9 so that ea.cb get·s a part of it(,) For thetl they ~"-'OUJ.d not be infinitudes. but antitieg que.r;tit:ively limi4iedo An 1:nf'i.n1 tude Gilways ptn.~ports to include the whole of

(iX-istence€i ..

9) Ibid.. p. 234 0 10) Ibi.c.i. p.

93.

11) '!:& Dime.ru~:ie is 'n I"igting.. 'n

wwe

db1f&n.sie kan 151us nt1o1t

Ibid .• P• ?1.

ett)ntact only ~~hen there is an element whieh 'belongs :tn

ite antirE~ty to each of the space~ and yet thereby doe~ net become two el..,ments but. remains one ana the Sf;'uneo

dlJnensie nieer oolf. nie be\'lli.lS l'i.an wees van 'n kc..~tradiksie

p. 109) a~ V€'Jlg verduidelik

*

Imag.ine a :re.ee t;,.i: ~)lJ.nd. vio:rrJJ.~₉ ~IhOf!e perception is limited to tlle two .... db~ttH't$loo.a1

w.:r.racl9 of the earth.. Now a.nd then spot~ of the earth

would gporadioolly be~ome wet. We, v:~hose facult:!Va~ range

through three dtlt~nsions of space, call the phen.omenon a

rain .... ~hower 11 and l\now that eve11tfll in the tbi.rd dimension

of ~pace determine a.bsolute~ ~.nd uniquely, which :!l'pOtS!

1)ut if the

Wm?!ns. uru'!onse.tws EiVGl'l of the existence of the third

di-menf.Ii«i of spaee, tried to thrust ff.ll n~.tu:re into their

twoQIIdimenfllional framework. tl~ey woulcl be Uf'!&ble to d1sco-Vf9r any determinist<& in 'th.$ dist.rHro.tion of '"Vet a1;d di>:it

t:'lpots; the wom ... seimtiste v;ould only be able to di$CU~£' the v~etnese and dryness

ot

the minute areas in terr.~:u! of probabili tie~ V¥h1cb tbe-y would be tempted to treet t:~s ul~· t

i.ma te

trotb.

14) Die ga~ v?ord in brei trekke deur Heim u1. tgewerlf;: in Op f>

eit. Hft. nr e:n V, pp. 103·172.. Sy bevind1ng 1.s datal die beginsels wilt r·u.imtelike d1men$1es beheers in die nek·dit*~- en t.;Eik ... jyu ... rele.~ies tarttggevind word ..

C os.oot~H'J, p.

72

s, Once the epistemolog ie~l moni ~m of the

naive realist 1e abe.ndoned" phil.osophy sean~s eorr-.1111tted

to a phenomsnalistic view of' knowledge, f':rom "~mhic:h there is no e~e.spe except by tt<J!f\\Y of the transeerHience of the

k:n@Yled.ge relij~tion in som,e ineffable a:nd incommunic~;~ble

e}l!pe:rtenee or mystic intuitio:ne ltov; ean ~~nowladge ·tran<=> !e~nd itsi!lf &nd r~m.ain knowing? !'!lust it not die.; to 11.ve

again in S()IJ'!e sort of immodi&te exp$rience, ~n aboriginal

flow of fee11n.g o:r eelf-transcendlng intuition ii' the fo;elf'

1~

to reach realitJ?

16) (}n$ i,s nog a1~r.Jt1~l nttt'ef 9 v;rannet;r on~' nle v.r; sgevar:.g 'il\iC•:rd irl

d!ie drang om. Hobjsktiaff1

9 $Ibelangelooeri~ 11 dit \<Jil ~e, rli(~

(H'i~s~lf nii!:₀ t~ l'H~e!' n;te., Salfe. di~ poet-Koperniksanse

'fdetensk~plike ken ham nie lo~meak van onjuiste uit:d:rttkl::dwlg$!1

soo~ ,, ~on~opkomse·r en l! sor:sondergan.gH in sy gewo:ne D!-nga:ng~­

taal ni.!&e

1?') Die probleem wo:rd deur Can (A Theory of Monsdst p" 281)

as volg ge~tel: In order to diseove.r tbe meaning of cog ....

nltion we must reflect upon

experience

and ~;ri.ng !.t before

\"H.~ l:>eCOOl® G.l'llB:r'e of a logical di~crepency l;etWeEtt;, the Ol.Jjact

of knowledge &.s rsa.l and the }.mowledge of the object a.~

'iiVe !lfil~ 1. t

*

is fatod in. adva.nce to be a $1peculativ@ trw~s ...

pa~a beyond the limit~ er! OOT thought,

~1) Ibid. p$ 91(1

22) Die V8rkla:ring wet be:M.ts op die implik~a;ias ·wi:r ont-r, l\:en.nis

as ona

SI

di$ wete van b1erdie v·ersltil aanvaar nie • Si(:;1'l

AeC~ Ewing9 OPe c:lt,. p, 17: if (tha idealist) hol.Cis he

.;lect cognised niust be t.lepenlient on or 1:r);sepe.:rabl(>; frt'>'A1 the

eogni tion of 1 t ~o t1·1at 1 t ear.not hiwe be:i.ng or that hr,?

bal!l' no right to assert tt.at :lt has except 8.$ and when

eog-n1sead ₉

t•

mu1t SJ;}ply th:1! not only to the physical VH)rld

to the very prineiple~ whieh he ha! him~elf asserted

-~,$l p~r slot van sake nie

n

v~rklaring v-e.n. die W(!)t~~ iitr~;.i;

buite <H.e kenn:h~ van

voorwerpe

lf nie, maar van wete vwat

nog kontinuit~ei t met sulke kenn1s bes:tt ..

23) Heim, op<~ ei.t .. p .. 92 ..

24) Sien hierbo p,. 52.

po1nt$l of view. to go on indefinitely completing

on~ ano~

toor 11 they v;ould nevar be equivalent to the solid town in

which WQ walk about.

Ook He1m. Op. cite p.

61

VVo

2?) Ons basig die terminologie van A.C$ lwing9 op0 ~1te Pe

262 a B7 th!a 'belief in independent peysic~r.l ob;Jects• I

shall mean the b~li<d' that ther@l are some entitle$.,.. eo

which exi

e-t

w11en not pe:rcei vet! or senamd l)y at.ny humt:•n being o

28) Hei.m~ op., cit0 P«> 234.,

of my eonrcirmsne~s; and -tet I am aware that my knarii1_rlg

is dir~cted to s~thing beyond the field of my %!cm~ci01..lS"'' ne~$ 4> Why is it tl".at km;.wtlledge cen nev~r rr:Hf.tch the re~:J.li.""

ty which it is see-king~? The boundary which we herts ds~ire

be tak®n ~ ~ a got:tl whieb could 500ner or lr;tter be ~\tta:tn_ec;.,

Bu.t it is n bot:mda:r.y o1~ dimetud.on11 ~1 'bOI.tndary betwa~;n

l.nfi-n.it~ld~~o

30) ~Hen hierbo p(l

65.

31.) Hopper: Ofie eit. p,81.

32) Cp., c.it. p .. 94 ..

33) :t.etghton~ Loc,.. eit, How can v.n.owledge tr~Jtl'lS~cend :ttsalf'

. But to $&¥ t~:t it is infinite i~ equivalent in ~n:y er.:,r:;s11

to slS.yil'lg tMt lt c€;;nnot be stopped by itself; becaui'ie :!11.

e.ttempting to stop itself it must use 1t~el.f $ H , . !'f}fleet:ton

can only be !topped by 5omathing el.se 3 $,nd this. somet:tdng

el'J!lle is something qu:ltia different ft•om the logtealf' bei.ng

a resolution

of

the

will.

rea~on

f:rom.

ex~.st~lmelle, not toward ex.:!l.stence, wh.ethe:r .I mm1e

:l.n the ~pbera of palpable seru~ible f'&et or in the resJ.m of thought~.

te d'4i. H!.er.in. herhaa.l by, as den.h:~nde individu~ WSJ.t Sore:n

1}

K:i .. E~rkagaard :reed.t~ genoern het H the s:up:reme f~t:radox of t;1l! th.(m.g:ht9

t naamlik~ n thE~ &tt~ti!pt to di$cover ~ometht:r.,g t:hat

thought cannot thinku" }Jatuurl!k. ken ref'leksie vi.r bJm9e1f

gtaan 4Thbso1ute grens vind nie .. 2) NeiJ

i.~

d:tt ju1s 11a

0111~

rn€tn1.!\~s die TI~'eri.ete vnn iiaim se we:rk $ da t by ₉ met d 1 o bate 'tn~

kande fait van d.imenslonele begrensing as analog:ie f t.M·::n:1getoon

:rleksis ~elf 41 onverkla.srber·e 'flete van die a.·bsolutt'! gr~m~S v.a.n

reflekr.de" te varstnan. a~ die 1 .. I'ltmyd:tng va~ rn g;ans ~mt.le:r 1;:~~11-·

luut t:ratlSkendeer 9 is op sy beurt 111e te veri~lt:;;ar n1ee ()ns

kom dan te staan voor die EU'lomalie oat die

vnr!-;lt:r1.J1gs"be-g:i.nsel i.1a&rde1U' di~J antitlom!e in ref'lektie·we kennito:: ver-staa;n ...

baa:r ge'lr.as.k word,~ self OOV€1-rk.laa.rbart:r is. D1a vel gende wco:r.• ... , de van Kierk.egaard3( kan goedsld.lt:t!! in die mond

~ran

Heim gelt\

~~sueh is my experience, you k.now thttt I h"'"1.Ve h.rM5 the opportunity to devote much time to the 11~®

·vef!ttgation and !"~:flection, and yet thtl sum to..,

tal of a.ll 1cy r~searche~ amoUl'lt~ at most to thi~".,

wf~t deur die toovoogi,ng van 'n riUV!fU dankk~:1tegorie vel"\~yder k~U'l word 0 te pra.at 4)

' "

"") r• ~

~~1 of relation the- inborn ~ou110 tn ~etu/; r!iitali~!H.'lf.' wa.t va:n die paradoks kan

weet.

Die lto:nsekiiiensies van lieitu !f!te startdpu.nt is du:tdel:U; o

:h.~ a~ -oo:lt 'n verklElri,ng va.n k~mnis t~ g~~e, ni~ daarme~ d:te

.c>,,,.fjt> 1 _{i + t tl..t}1 _{""' ''.lit} -=t8 '

~

.

L~ van .~.:erra e; .. o , 'tl onmoon .uie .n.usura.~ -e&. : maa..e~: n:te f>

:Oi.e ps..:rEM3oks is immer~ n.ia w-.eemd aen die e:rvs.ring nie.. T~r(JU.,,

en.s dle mees oom1cidel11.:V..e gagewene V(IH'l di.e w:i.skUnd~. naam11Jr: die saa.mblfl~taan van one:indiga v1akkelll is re-eds J»:.Tradokf!atil.,

Voort$ ai~ die ekg1st&nsi8le si.tl.:u:a~ie dllg.t 61e

pe:rspek-ti.ewe middelpunt nie sal poog om deur abst:ra1u11e *' deur 'be···

l{lflw:rtooillg van o.:te een pool van die am.t1nomie tert l$.o$te v&r.:

d.1.e &f!Ofaf'11 of datu• ll uhofr sintese'~ VJUUI"deur d:le a·rJtitetSf.}

Ve!"lfijtder nie e Ons .kan nik~ beter d.oen a,~· om hiel"' d:i(f;!! w~:.:ot··=

4~ • • 1·~-d-"~.-~~" .. ce_ll)

S.!-11.lWC<~ .... G l;;l~:;> .;;.10;>1!~ jl. <.;;;- u . .:,. .. ~

,.,,

:relstior.l :b1 que!!!t"lon~' .. -·"'.I

:l .. nto

t;rae" Dit moet ge~ien trvord t~.~ nik:~ m.e(~r ~:t$ .n t:tt~nvf~.:l ot; dit:::

wereldbe~ing

wat die bestaa:."1 ve.n die

ek-jy~~rel&.~ie ont~

~l.iss:i.ng ill cU.e teem'ioordige meet be-wys.

wa.t

t1.y li'J£11 b.:.~il'\fyw i~ dlf:~.t die ~U1ls.ti.~J!! van so 11 relta~ie nie ultgesluit kan

1) Philosophical Fragmen.ts, p. 29.

2) 'tt Ab~olute grens !iluit in k.enni$ van d1 t \~at bui te die gr(':liriS 'ba!itai!ne Maar as re!iakfie, S&E ,.mtdgsQ. .... ,.,Y.!J.l. ~~u~.J..!~ weet

wnardeur dit begren$ word$ aan is dit nie die ab€1CJlttte

gl"€Ultii van ref'leksie nieo Sien \i <~>T .. Staes~ op., c:it., p .. 4?., Si&n ook S .. Kierkegaard: Concluding Unseiml.'lt:1.fic:

Po!lltscript9 Pe 102 o How do

r

put an end to th~ T@:f'lection.

vihich was etet up in order to reach the begi:nnlng h~l''e in

quegtion? Re:fleet:f.on has the remark.able property of he1rt..g

in:f'ini.teo But to S~e.y that it is ,_nf1nite :is equ:f.va.lent$

:tn any es;~;sa. to saying that it cannot t~ ~topped by ltsel:f;

because in attempting to stop itself it rn~J.st u,se 5.tself ₉

and. it!: th:Us stopped tn the same way that a di~.ef.i~~g :t~

cured when it is allO\"''&d to ehoose ittJ cswn treatrnent •

~hielt is i~o say tf!At it v.raxes and thx'ive~ ..

3) Ibid~ Pe 204*

4) Die t\SkBi~tensiele situ&1tl!en is cU.~ van tJo:rding w~Hlrvan ni.k~ oo1t met finaliteit en tH~kerhej.d iE!Si& ktm WQrd nh~ ..

In f!.Y u1teel:tsetttng wys K:t,ark.egaard (Philosophical

l'"'rs.g-!i1'21Jt."lt$, pp .. 60 ... 71) d.at S~lf~ kenni~ V&n die geVU,;J:rdell> jU:tS

omas:t dit deur wording tot stand gekont het, altyd di@ ela""

r,~,nt van onsekerheid. moet be'\rat.. Voortr: wy~ hsr cla~rop (Concluding UnsC:l$ntif1c Post~cript, Po 181} dat dit ~l~Jg~

6)

Me Buber: I and Thou$ P~

27.

7)

tch!:lm: t op 0 e~, t e p e

167 (\\

n Thoo'$ and if!'~ ca.nnot CO~H'-* lnto

t lt@'Jl on~ n t;pacett am~ pa $Si. ve in the otber,.

In. die prakty~~ 1,. ctit nle die begiru:.el. vs,n kont'!"t£td:Lksie

·nie, DWiar die beginsel van ab~-ur.tHte1t wa:t deursla&l:gev$en.d

it t~ cii::tViOO$ly atururd that the propounder of the syst~t;mc

in prcpoundi.ng whS~t \'t•as more lmport&mt than a.?Jything !!'}ltH~·

t:ton~ ₄₁ delett~ himself' from thiit system which wa ~ to me;:1.n

life or deatll for h.im. and which was to enable hi.m to \<,q:;;tlk.

f!!eet.trely - as if' it ~ere possible for on~ to ss.?t or:u~elf off

l82o

11) Ibid .. P• 2;7e Vfhat etH'H!nti2lly int~r~~t~ a thinker 1$' r1ot 'to b~ pr*~~Hlnted with !lOtUe information af'terwards11 i:trt to

bacome eonteu~poraey with the existing individual in hiSl

ex:tstenceu

e

a J>esult is

sOtll~thing

external,

and n ~:!ornnn.m:l ... eii.i:tion of results is an extf)r:nal relation between a tnovl~~~ and a

non ....

know4!:r.

12) He:im* Cp. c1t. p ... 234o S:ien ool-t fl>ii. Buber8 1 and Tboo

Pe llli the me:sn:tng doss rHYt perm! t H:~elf to be transu.l1t ...

ted and be l!:tade into knOVilooge generally current B.ru.l ~;z.d ...

m1safblee ... The t'<lr:'la.n:1ng that !~s P{~~m received f.!.an be prt:Yled

't:t"l.le by each ~18r; only in the ~in€lene~s of. hi~ being and

1913(!1

-~~ J~. 1947 .. ~$ii'*

1909 ..

~~-

_i·

ubist~ntl~.liFmu 0 Seek~r G.nd w~~rburg" I,Clf.!=

den, 1946.

Wli.&j M"'

!1Wlf!

t>

LaA

ib

-xo~t:mlt~ §.

r ..

1944..,

1893o

v~PhilOiitOphieal Fragra,ents~?. Prineetons. 1944 o

Hfraining in C:hrist!~mi tyu o Hm!!lpl'l:rey

h&il-i~P"i'O"tile~s of tbe Self~' o MacM1ll~n19 1917.,

- -

,,.Recent Pbilosopbyt; o

Thornton

:Sutt~rwortbo

-nThe Problems of l'"'hilo,opby~~ o 01': fords 194] Q

~,t.ur ~nowledge

c:tf the External Worldf,; o

/1~

Co\Art

2 Vols.

~lkticr#iill~, 1924 ..

~'

£..

,$The Ph:ilo~ophy of Ksnt",.