University of Groningen
Colloidal quantum dot solids
Balázs, Dániel Máté
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Publication date: 2018
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Balázs, D. M. (2018). Colloidal quantum dot solids: Nanoscale control of the electronic properties. University of Groningen.
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Acknowledgement
This thesis, of course, is the result of teamwork, the process involved many people whom I would like to acknowledge.First of all, I am grateful to my supervisor, prof. Maria Antonietta Loi for letting me join her group. Dear Maria, I would like to thank you the constant support in scientific and career questions, the help getting through tough times when simply nothing works in the lab, and the constant motivation to keep going a write things down even if it doesn’t look interesting at first sight. Thank you for teaching me how to be a good scientist, and how to be a better person. Thank you for reading and correcting al my papers, and supporting me in finishing my thesis in time. The last 5 years have been awesome, fruitful, and I am looking forward to perhaps collaborate with you in the future.
Talking about the thesis itself, I would like to thank the reading committee members, prof. Beatriz Noheda, prof. Antonio Facchetti, and prof. Tobias Hanrath for reading and evaluating the thesis. I am especially grateful to Tobias for the thorough check and criticism; it improved the quality of the thesis a lot.
I must mention here the people who made the experiments possible. The labs would have fallen apart without the hard work of Arjen, Teo, Reinder, Geert, your contribution is enormous. Arjen, your jokes and weird topics to discuss made lunchtimes highly entertaining, thanks a lot.
Working on a material, but not making it yourself puts you into a special position, your work is fully dependent on someone else. However, having prof. Maksym Kovalenko and his group as collaborators made the process so easy, I cannot stress enough how grateful I am for the constant support. Maksym, you provided invaluable feedback on the co-authored articles, you always had great ideas for colleagues both in Zürich and in Groningen, you always made conference dinners fun, thank you very much. Loredana, Dmitry, Laura, all the discussions we had, all the batches you synthesized, it contributed so much to the work, thanks a lot.
The importance of teamwork is clear for someone who works in a specialized topic. Sharing an office makes sharing ideas easy, which worked out very well for me. Mark, thanks for all the discussions we had on chemistry, physics, cricket, South Africa and the Netherlands, I learned a lot from you. Artyom, your crazy ideas for experiments, poorly timed jokes, and the occasional tap on my shoulder to show me some video you found online and the high quality vodkas you acquired were great additions to the while PhD experience. Hong-Hua, Musty, Marianna, Insan, Nisrina, Klaas, Bartosz, Sander, thank a lot for the experiments you did/we did together, and your contribution to the thesis. Simon, thanks for the great discussion on the electronic structure and the trap states, and you permanent stream of jokes. Vova, great trip to Colombia and to the ZZ Top concert, great times with beers involved, good luck with finding the perfect job.
The atmosphere at and outside work is just as important as the work and collaborations themselves. Marianna, Wytse, Lai-Hung, Shu-Yan, Natasha, Dima, Bart, Sampson, Luna, Jan Anton, Tejas, Vincent, Solmaz, Azi, Nutifafa, Jian, Renate the group atmosphere you created was nice to experience. All the musicians, friends at the Fanfare CWO Groningen, thanks for the years of fun, playing with you was an honor, dank jullie wel. The numerous friends and acquaintances at Gopher, the PhD Council, ESN Groningen and all the other places contributed a lot as well. Máté, egy utolsó kör römi?
And now it’s getting a bit more personal. Jorge, Eric, it seems like our fate drives us to different continents on the short term, but I hope to maintain the friendship despite the distances. I am glad we made it together to Budapest at the end. Eric, thanks a lot for the countless occasions of gathering just to complain about each other’s colleagues messing around in the labs. Thank for balancing out with your calm approach to things, learned a lot from you. I wish you all the best with your career and life. Jorge, rocking together since 2011? 2013? Anyways, the trips to Colombia, Hamburg, Bilbao, the numerous events we attended together in Groningen, the burger nights, you learning to peel vegetables or pick blueberries, many unforgettable memories. Bianca, I am sorry it didn’t work out, and I would like to honestly thank you for all the support, help and feedback I got from you.
All the aforementioned were heavily influencing my stay in Groningen. However, my ties in Budapest were just as helpful in reaching this point. Dani, Dani, Dávid, Jenci, kösz a Groningen és Kővágóőrs tripeket. Duci, Barbi, a bonbonok sokat segítettek e szöveg megalkotásában. Petra, köszönöm az elmúlt 14 évet, még sok ilyet, távolság ne számítson. Természeteren a család sem maradhat ki, nem jutottam volna el ide Húgom, Szüleim, Nagyszüleim folyamatos támogatása mellett, köszönöm minannyiótoknak.
Curriculum Vitae
Studies
2011 BSc. in Chemical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
2013 MSc. “Top Master in Nanoscience”, University of Groningen, Netherlands
Grants, awards
2004 silver medal, International Junior Science Olympiad, Jakarta, Indonesia 2011 best presentation, Hungarian Student Research Conference, Pécs, Hungary
2011 Zernike Institute Scholarship for the Top Master in Nanoscience, Groningen, Netherlands
2017 research scholarship at RIKEN, Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
2017 Young Scientist Presentation Award, Japanese Society of Applied Physics, Fukuoka, Japan
International conference talks
MRS Fall Meeting, December 2013, Boston, USA: Investigation and Control of Trap States in PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Thin Films
NaNaX6 conference, May 2014, Bad Hofgastein, Austria: Reducing charge trapping in PbS colloidal quantum dot solids
MRS Spring meeting, March 2016, Phoenix, USA: Counterion-mediated ligand exchange for PbS colloidal quantum dot superlattices
CMD26 EPS meeting, Aug 2016, Groningen, NL: Counterion-mediated ligand exchange for PbS colloidal quantum dot superlattices
JSAP International Meeting, March 2017, Yokohama, Japan: Counterion-mediated ligand exchange for PbS colloidal quantum dot superlattices
JSAP International Meeting, March 2017, Yokohama, Japan: Stoichiometric control of the density of states in PbS colloidal quantum dot solids
Next-Gen III: PV Materials, July 2017, Groningen, The Netherlands: Stoichiometric control of the density of states in PbS colloidal quantum dot solids
JSAP Fall Meeting (invited), Sept 2017, Fukuaoka, Japan: Application-oriented electronic structure engineering in colloidal quantum dot solids
List of publications
[1] D.M. Balazs, M.I. Nugraha, S.Z. Bisri, M. Sytnyk, W. Heiss, M.A. Loi: Reducing charge trapping in PbS colloidal quantum dot solids. Applied Physics Letters, 104, 112104 (2014)
[2] M.J. Speirs, D.M. Balazs, H.-H. Fang, L.-H. Lai, L. Protesescu, M. V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Origin of the increased open circuit voltage in PbS–CdS core–shell quantum dot solar cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3, 1450-1457 (2015)
[3] H.-H. Fang, D.M. Balazs, L. Protesescu, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Temperature dependent optical properties of PbS/CdS core/shell quantum dot thin films: probing the wave function delocalization. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 119, 17480-17486 (2015)
[4] D.M. Balazs, D.N. Dirin, H.-H. Fang, L. Protesescu, G.H. ten Brink, B.J. Kooi, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Counterion-Mediated Ligand Exchange for PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Superlattices. ACS Nano, 9, 11951–11959 (2015)
[5] J. Kurpiers, D.M. Balazs, A. Paulke, S. Albrecht, I. Lange, L. Protesescu, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi, D. Neher: Free carrier generation and recombination in PbS quantum dot solar cells. Applied Physics Letters, 108, 103102 (2016)
[6] M.J. Speirs, D.N. Dirin, M. Abdu-Aguye, D.M. Balazs, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Temperature dependent behaviour of lead sulfide quantum dot solar cells and films. Energy&Environmental Science, 9, 2916-2924 (2016)
[7] M.J. Speirs, D.M. Balazs, D.N. Dirin, M. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Increased efficiency in pn-junction PbS QD solar cells via NaHS treatment of the p-type layer. Applied Physics Letters, 110, 103904 (2017)
[8] H.H. Fang, L. Protesescu, D.M. Balazs, S. Adjokatse, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Exciton Recombination in Formamidinium Lead Triiodide: Nanocrystals vs Thin Films. Small, DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700673 (2017)
[9] D.M. Balazs, K.I. Bijlsma, H.H. Fang, D.N. Dirin, M. Döbeli, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Stoichiometric control of the density of states in PbS colloidal quantum dot solids. Science Advances, 3, eaao1558 (2017)
[10] L. Han, D.M. Balazs, A.G. Shulga, M. Abdu-Aguye, W.L. Ma, M.A. Loi: Low-Temperature Properties of PbSe Nanorod Field-Effect Transistors, submitted
[11] D.M. Balazs, N. Rizkia, H. Fang, D.N. Dirin, J. Momand, B.J. Kooi, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Colloidal quantum dot inks for single-step-fabricated field-effect transistors, submitted
[12] D.M. Balazs, B.M. Matysiak, J. Momand, A.G. Shulga, M. Ibanez, M.V. Kovalenko, M.A. Loi: Electron mobility above 24 cm2/Vs in PbSe colloidal quantum dot superlattices, submitted
