i' .. t:·n rtt(Y!l·:'1~~v n1'1'

-17-

i' .. t:·n rtt(Y!l·:'1~~v n1'1'

tt_t I!JC!'d. J _ . . , t ! 1 l I i i

9~t'/(~

'

~cr'lrY aauoc:.tinn~~t mu~~t hn:ve an a.rlaquate knm,:lf1;~ge of

tlle l'rl.stor!c~.'.l t~c}:_zround o:t.· the educ(tnd if hia enucr.l"Zionnl . :J1rr;c- tivon f'(rr tht~ future rn:c- to ber:;'r fruit. f'Xn the 1):tcs(;nce liez tho

p~~t ~, ^{io alHo Vt::iia on tht;} cduo·1t1orml frcn.t • ¹ } · Hi{;Sl'~.tly ^{rrof ..}

~1 .c. aont2.ee cotrtt~~dtJ 't'htxt: ~!~y '1l on:t"G1k.':~nl1ng V&>- 'n o~'Jvoc~!J""'

ktmd:1t:e poli t1ek vir die tof:koms in on(i lan~l is d1 t ^diW ru)d1fl om rekculng te hou ~net nl die · n'.o.:;r:itl1k..; tlra.t;rs V3i,_ d1a. cp>trot::Gint;<: ^f'.l'l

. . . .. . . f{a>

~net ,~lie prin~d.J"''i~le en hl.rrtoti\3~-£e\;orth1 gnt:e'-'tens ..

. .

Jiy revin~dr{) 'bric:.:Cly ttv~ origin :c~ntl nlotory of t¥io

Col.otarr-fi1 reople in ~::outb. i\tr1cn., on~~ 1~J aet·t~~l" ablo to nvol'tt>.te

tb,o dovetopmt~nt ot and futrt:re proant~ota :fo:t ~oloured educ>tlan.-

· narall t~ert:rncit~ riil.tin in ''~rna ~10nth .Mric~-:ns~~' ma.k~s the re.ttter rti:Hh oont(~n.tion t!.nt *'tilt.;) :::urLt!:rirrn is tnr:\ ^i'l'Uit. of the

. ' .. ' . ··. ···. ~:t) '

vico, tbB tally) tnc toow:~t1tleaoness ():f tne "r:ni te man. .. ~-.~ ~~nny

.rurOl"}enns hold th1G r.oint of 'tfiet-t, out only a .. acicnt1f1c 1nvez;t1- gr:tt1on l'Jill reveal ^tbJ~ t:rue oriein of the t"'_.oloured :reo;:;le ..

'f!l _.., ~-ot-; ,._-:t.._,.u~ •.rt.. if''>~'i>'~'~.a Uf!,...l..-.u""'f",.r \:ly_ v".Ut ,,.,:\.4 U ' ijM!~~.a \,.i-.".;~-·~~~- f'4"".l·0· ,_tv t'~>WP<:ll'• .• w..L~--~ l1 ...._., v• ~l;: a ... .. ..,.,..,.., L~.-- ~.L..L "''"it"·~.fl. , .. __ ,_I_:! If

in ~:r)nlied. tc,' thone 1nhe3.Jitnnt~* of Oonth l~i'ric9, t'~ho n:re of mtx~ryd

:rccigl descent. It excludes clll Pffr!lOns who ;Tre ¹ ~~uror:~cr::na,

Aa<~.-ti· ^'\'II "''·-.'·41: .... -t .. 4)

!'J,Q.t.d: 03 o... li;_:,"t ... v c., ....

'l1Je mer:ninf: of thF:!i tnrm tiC:oloUr(~d l;er:~on u nr~y; bcr,n the

slibjm:~t ^{of l i t1gr:t1cn i:n} the D'outh .Af'r1c·;n k'1r~ r~mxrtrt, ⁵ ) ^{but for}

tllo 1'Urr.,ose of this t:rc~'ti~JD the foll.ot•.ring (iE~:t:1n1 t1orr o:f' :t;ol~:!u.red

. l l .Pe::rac)ns.,. \,;·fi1Ch ^tlOO been ooo:ote{l :trum t.h.t) \)ld c~~e l';;Oll~1tJllS ltCt ^1~

aet~e;s!ct&.;l, 'Vi.z: .... wA f!o.lonrnd. l~raon n:.e:::t'ls r:_~y ~}El'4.~0fi k1bo 1e tlfllit1l1Z~

. ^" .

'l,w-lli te nor (:u.) a .tt~:r:ber crt a r'.•ce ^tJr. ·t:t.itle. --;~:lw~;e tltf.'tion;:at tU!' ettmiA:':~'

home

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no:r ---~· Oil\

_-I a .. \';t~'"~~oc-r ~-~----~---- ._:~;. ot . ;{. . .·~ .!••oorlrrlnf'·.,·.~· :r··,~ ^·"-~ · •.. £:).- ^-'-fl'-4: ~--V~.: -~ .--..r . t:7"1t;a ._ .__ , -; ""f v

. .

Afl:lca;. ntlr ^{(c) a} ~Ul"f~-iJlOt::fd. Hottr:n:tot,. ~t1ttohmrd'l o:r ior~:J.lna; no~

. . ^{, '}

{d) a rn1r"~c;r• !l~b.\'; 1~} %e~d;~Jint in a. rt·:tl:v~~ lo.cr:timl as de!1nt~d. 1n

•·ll'· ~' se·~t1~'n :r~1n(:tnt:n {If ttm n~~.t;1.Vt:t~1' 'r~lXt~:t1on ~tf ·~ .. evelo:<1Mnt: ;lot~l~~i15

· ttnlt.~r tile Ut.·.:i;+e ~'ilt\)t.t1.nns r~JJ a n~.~;tiv~; nc;.:r (el :t:ll ,r~·n~icr:.n ltegro ..

I ~ '1""'~?"><

< ' ' " ;.,:

.u-r...r_'GJ ~ ht:r:~'Jevcr';t inr:l~lde ,a_ ne:t::ron .~.:r\·-:rt. .fl3· a,. ~\a.l~y or a ·Gr.lf~tta.~""

"fhf~rn mrt~ sevor~1l. oo:nrrt1ttttrrttH th::rt tJJ:~"ve .gone ttl ·· ·:

mc;.;,is:-e ^u~1 the r~;.ei~>l OOWf>Oi}1t1~!n r:-f: tt1e ' rbltlttreu 'f"~e_,r:rste. :tn tl1e

fir~:~t ·t~lc·ce tb~::re wer:r; t!1e ~-Wll:t~en., ftJttentots and .f!:rit~ttt:IB "~~ ~.rera

~:!lr'O'f':Ot:n ~'r:..d !l~1tu blo~cr, .!ntt~~!ilntiled 1n tin(:: ve:trn';' of tll& C(~loltrfS~·t .r.-a;u~le.

:'it 1~-1 cc.H~~::nnly i~'illn'ft~~~~- tb?:rt thf: ~:~.~~littien 'Wf:tr~ too ^trne

~¥-"'•ir_~.·:.ilv•v•\t:l' ^r•4! 1-~~.l""'hr::,~. :&_,_~'*1·· 6~~3'! ~kt'•_tr ;:,<W,£>, -...,.,;14: ,·.?. __ _....,.:}, .+ . .,_ ~''"'"~''~'~: l()lf•·. ·""""'' ri.f't

~·.V.J_:k -1"_;:_-.~~-\f~~-{:.;.f-_.,.~ ~-~~ ~-~1\-<-_!-~I_Jl' __ _.,d-;,;t:$>. _p_,t,f,~ .. '~-t,_:y .. ~~.J.;~...,# --.-~>~",~ ~'t-v_ ~~ .. .,¥0-J-, ~~-~· ~~-c--.if'~~ '._--V-,.r ·--~.-·:~2;i,\.L

f~r:;rotu erid l:.:~tr;:r tllf;l ~;u:ro :e: ;na ~ ~r.ht1Y truntf-fo:rJ; 1'1::;(} tAO fl. e.:-; tcn.fi:r~.in

tm; ariii .inte:r1or' M'rtl~ fJn{~ ~u.)::~tn ot· the ^Or;:JV~;e ntver fmd ttxe ll%:r 1

'N1vt~l!', ev:.t~ b~<;~l to :a~K':k rr~tur:e 1t£ t11e int~.c:oos.~d.hlf;· rJ~·"'r,ts... Toti:::;y tlle

f';)

lt.:::Z!t 1"\Jrtlll::onts of the ntu.rhi~~;n"';f l1Vf; 1l'l t1if:;; K~·)lr!h'1.r1:ji> tll~ !~~!lib f)e~Uif ..

t:lbt r.rtri~' of' nnlti it~ Houth.-~':eat t"frlcr:,., l£:h1c;n ext~~:.r~r~n .f:~m t~·le ... .-~._t~t~; #~•'!II> ,••<i:c•·•·.~ """""··;~.~ . J<VA'. ,,:;,Q(;t~,l,o\ .. , .... t;!J''\ """'" '*.fl:;j;l>Mi!! ~<~,t, fk~ 4·1i'i\l·"'c'i!\>·i .;.#if · ·~',~;~•,..l·;t (\l<J.-..~ ••.1'\tfl 1''~"~ «·!• ·t··lo;,..,. . ~.tt:;; '.:'~!" •rl'<·:1;A'W>~fil"!'i·" ·:·.hjt ~~-;;,., .• _,; ""'"A · ~n_.. {~.U .,,...,ft~hv;-.4; .... U~ii, ;:';tl4- t;:~.tt,-'d, o:.;:o.nt.ry l;E:~t~·;c~t!: Gr.O£;t.fc!ntt:ln !.n ~1oatt:l ... ,~st .1\ftle:r::. ~m~;. t:tl..t~

.~. "··~---'""".· ,~_1'\n." vr~v.:v·:o.~·"''!f~V "";&. ^·_... ·~;_•vtl~ ..::;a;, "' ... ~ .. ^{6) .}

-UJ-

~rile tblltinde:rs ~.~tt~ <~nly su<:;f"r,;Jle a.tnt~~;.at with the 8ttnhtli'Jtll), thOtlfh tllelY flt-~:tlre ^often ~:rn:R~h ^{it.r v:.ilt} lllt::'be'f;t~k.~$

ctlot~4 ² ~ ^.In ilecetr(lJer l65n ~:tn Hi~bec2ck T'£·fe:rroo. to a Stlf.:i .. 'f!~t1on

~~lt::~ by the Uot~'tt;:ntot Hf:;.t'ey tlt:t tt~t~ ~~r~ilman oo extem1nrrtca ^:~rl

. ,, ^{. :}

th~·i'r ce~ttl~ t~·ll.en a'T:~JY fr.c:in tbf•JA,.," 'l'i~eT{:< ~·e:r~ ootvJt.::·:tA.t el.!:shes

tmtwe:~n tbe ~ustll.Yro an~i. tJte lbttt;rtt(~t.s, t:':'nd i1':t thi~;; oonnf!ot1nn v.m :liiebo::et ?;r.rote th~~t the r.un11:~~ liw;-~i (1n '!'"l.r;mer. ""eru.ie ?.l h'm goet

. . . . . ·. ~l .. ·. . .. · .

ger;n eygrm~ ~ :t!' rooffgcet v:1t1 de S~U.dsnht~& · i~j; d1.e ha~:~ de:t~l:J~l: . in al'le t~elf~tr{mtb.eaen ve't'Y()lgb~len)t ende" gcv~:;:nr,e.n cr1jr;eude ~1aooer f!ff""·n""··-·"'n ,,, . .,.,., .. ,"-n't,...<f'l;,..,. .... n ~ """'\••:w ... 1~- ,.~<,.Y'tr~e·...., ^t:ft. ·.""..._"',...n !lfb)

~~"" -·~\tl~ ··;,Jvt. .. ::lft;TA'"i .. t~t;c, -_. ~u-~; v~-1\:;J(~ '*'""~· ~&-MJ~_.:;i ._.;.o~..~ ~ ~-,~)~,c-- _. •

:,_.ht~:n in. ~~i:rc!h lGf)£1 .J:\n. N1ntc:r.tOgc1 an£~ a> t'tr·rty of

'!IW'\. yy,~·{.u.,~~~t} 1 "';'"""·*'""''"""'t:"i: .. "J.~~~~ ~·~" ··~l'"" _3.-·J,: 1?'\+.n. _ -~i!itv ·~·'-lc \f&;:e-;. ~·-'-~J{_,:~._,. .1-,or,.,t.. ⁴ *$f:11'i<"f'1""{"""' :1 . .f'l-.1"'. .,_,._._I.J%:':4._ .... ~."":;...,, ~;~ 'P: ___::'}"- ~~-~ .. ~ 't.il. ·.·;.~ ^{3 . .} -m .. ·~·.· .• • .. ~~· l'f':O:. "-""' ·!!"' .. -.1-+:. -~-ts. ~ . ... '!Ql§.-f ^'t "~·.'.'t.i.·· ..

~

l~tsbrt.en, w!xt trleil it'fo ~ttH~.k ttw..tn, 't11t de!~! ;~tetl from. ttaine: t~o when

o·ffer!ng~t -\i!e~f"- ^rorule of tobat:no and oo:>::.ds. G)

A 1;ond BCt::onnt of th~ Thtshl~~n ·~g.t~ f1vnn by n~1f;J~~.er in

~~re a !letJ:.';:le d~~llt.nf i:n ^.m..tt-~· :tve n.~nn:rtrtinons ®r~t'-ry. '1'l=tey naX~bt~r st~ver2~ tllOtlS:,:;ndr.~ ~!.txt .n:re ver,y· mnall in ~.1ze * ^{t'X!th L~n un•.l} ~<;Ot'let1.

:r11t.1y ,h:.~vt::• no c·,,M;lel! hut livt~ by sh{1~:;ttn.e roek-r~'tb1ts,. ·!·t1 tft the

extrer;~n·l:v rrc~ .. t 1'1lnnde:re'r!t Ml n1Etl'L.lKiem. Tobey atet;.l f-rom other nottentots1 >f .. ll tlle cattle ttrey ^C(tn rt:t, 'i!flth ~(h1d*' they C'm ^flJ::;e

l~d1:~:;t(;ly to tl:e ~:i'HI'tt:;{ins t~hf;c,re:r, tt;.~:y' <rn!iot be f(~t~n<l in ti;;,tf1%'

~~klnnlJO.s aJ:? -~flo;:·:J.~ l1vir~~: 1n th~ ~,--ooda tJKi, sa .!tlv..g: a ~:·ns ot 11vel1- oowl 1n the df!£tert_., chit~:fly ^by btmtln~~; ~d ^{. .l<I} exr1r~j~~ls ^{.. 3)}

Wh~ .Bie:ton~n~:t..Cl ~~lute undert(n'k ~. tr..0;::s,e e.xn(~:~iti~'n into tl_te interior itt lGuH ba HtRt h1s ~;~e:rty c:':ltf& tn~~n a :tlltf:'itler ot Hb1olms 1n t!Je vt{,ird.ty of the ~!rc-eent-d~;y ~tr;el~t~nd~J:~ ⁴ ! ~e Ub1f~UEB. ^wr.o

'"f:M .... _'ilf!. ~j-~V 'fA,~~i.;?¥ ^h -'"'ct'Oll',,..;t ... .. t~_--j...~~ ~~ ~;·.j."f~ ,,1: ~b ... ~ ¥!e\'' ' o·-~ _,J., ,... ... -J-~JJ.:.· .... ~-~-.J:, ~'9'(>'~ v·l!-1}.: ffl4'i".i"J<.·j-i'hf'"' ~t;:_~:.l . ·.ISt.t f.,.,..'~"' H~~( .-.. ;:~v;,;.,~· -E·-:"-;_')~~:;~.£. "~~k,;,l .. ;...l'iil .. ^,'t'r- .-,ln,>f -n .... '--.-1.\.-f' t~.fl"'--- 'f~,,.,,f#r . .s;-'

5-l,~.--;;;·--,_- . . - """' , ^-...-t- ""-foil!' ·-- -- ~-- ^{. .} ~+, ^{- -· ' . - ;.,:f . ·_t-} :li'~.

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^{';:,Y, :. w....,:;'} ~il',.,'·'"

tot~"' · iEt.:re in .'100;-.. e~.··~~ion o:t -a. l(.;~rt:ie ber.,t, ol C:-"" .. ttlej Wt1lCL ~ ... /to- .

b~bl:t bet,~n stolen.. ^{1',tllon ti:~ene Ub1ttuas} (.tttemo:r,ten.· to nei?e tlw ~:~~r-­

clvmd1na of ~une r,.md b1~1 fit;en, a cl~am rnmJ.l:tt1d o.n.! ^tile ~bll~~:n:1ers

fired. ^tMun. tte 'blEiCha rnd :nei:~ed ~~1 th~::i:r ·C~zttle. ^{6 )}

In lfm5- ~~t,~~~n v;:ul dt~r ~tel ltrt~Jertoc1k a Jtmt·ney ·to the

eo~;c:.er ~;~1 mtt:,;l:n$ in li~..mw~~'Jr;l~:-J1d ~mtl 1n ·th~ Y.m®le~bert; ~t1;'De ~:t-t<.1n n~lJfbt:.r:a ot f&usl'~~~n~ :rlu~ne h!t tot:tfltl ^t(} is .. ze~r tllt11J~!' en te~~er vt~n e;ect~,~;ntet koroeruie· von df.l,n grt~oten il):nt::f~:t Hn O~'t~-r~~:~k:~rm d.it1 ey lyd.tm.

?..y e~':ite.n n.h-::ts amiera a.l$ t.ollt:m ^V~tn ue bl<"Je,r.i.fin, ~ue zy Ajnmtjlea

rot;t.1£m; OO:k de a~..hlldpnddan.,. (;;fl ccn -zec,ere ^{;1'~1ote llCJO%t ·v~m ruz:~11n~

'~'~"<-'t•fr·"'f""'""'..,._ a-,v.:"'i""'f_..l,,,~,.-'¥'1..,.n. ^{"'lt ,n,} ret~* ^If.,.. ;f!>.:4i"t~ ^·"t6: c•n•..,...'f(<An~ ~ """"""'i""""" :Jii?}

iY-J4·- _ ~{-::t,_:.-_.~_;,.t, ~:l- o--~~~:Jr· ;J.:~~~..,.._~:~~,..'V' .<·# tt~.-'fy· -~-.l --~--1,;.. 4if.\~ ~-.J.~4.f::_~ ~-i" ---~~:;:V\1_$-}:(itl~.a-~ _~l\-'r:l~'< __ (\7:££<*<

T:hese. ~::timi'tlw pE~n-.··:le1' ^·¥ft:.O ~Are essenti:·-~ty l~1ntter.}H

es:nd 11·~(! tJt:otl tile kill and were wholly 1~xrov.1:;Jrm.t~. ~rc~: 1n ^l~-:,ter

ye~ ·r~ ·t~:# treoo~::;e omt:toilt:K:: in bloo.J:y ^cln~i'.e~ \.;1 tlt Eur<;;Je~,ns ~:.nd t!Ol]•

~1u-a~·(ie~.n trlbr~s. 9)

J·::ftf;r 17?(l:Jf ~in a. ^remiil t of ^{exte.n~i ve} tllJ£11<-Yif:It dcpreilit•

ti.\:lns'! E·oor ccrs:-:.~.nuoa 't.~e:r(? ent.t.nli~hed on the trc:trt:tK:m f:rontter .-

·1Ci'B,..il: <·'"""·~·~ 1"""{Jt"PP.~ c <J.!f,..;;>- ·"":I.Jc'il.!'""""' .... ·j(~d' t'j" E} 'h'<lf'ff'l,.i~l r..T.¥114""' "'l'n'f'lt'.;;H£'1, >.~.Kl<\~~~Y,Ai.;;_;(..-J;.~ ,-.<-..-·"i<!'tr\ "'l,f''*O. .. f.J (.l\,~L,J.a.!.l:~u; 1;\.l~':',.,!;. 'f• ... ·· 4 _,.-~;,!:. t-~''11':'),.., if~:,,_, .1 .. ~·-·.ll ··~ .• () ~li';N·~,l V~.~t.; ·

n1r~r-rr errlgssints l!X>r:elyk. z.-.;1 ~1jnlt ¥J'!!f'li''1'1 r;n orf.tfecrl'P:Vl~·tJ m:a1s~erm1nen .

n~·1~y "-" · - 1 ..• .,!"i ... r.d ,., ... ""' -. ..,... . .. ;.;;} ~., ^· ·l"''""' /'"; ·· ~ 1 ^{t • ·- ..,.. ·} t ^'j,..,... 1 .:o

~c:~-~-~Q.~:.J;..,.., kivt~; . .,...,1 ,,Q,..G,y;;.,..,. .... · t•J.OO• ~lr;;;{,t "'-N::t ~:~ ₁ n~}Hflve~ ·* no · ^M;;' a.vc ^:t~Y

;al{J in 1??4 rf.;(t.r£! th~•n 5t''K1 llunh:~n 1i:er,:~ killr-:d ~n-rt eome 2~~0 t~Y~.~n

}:;;::r1sonttr* ~n. Hu...f.l1l~1n ^{i;tlla 1:te:re} c;;;:~:;ture-·.5 w~re !)lt.:;m;d un~Jer eontr~ct

.-.~,i· e"'it"'·~<lc-00 ... ,. ^'l'ft:vi f""~ 4)

:;.:~~.~.:- ~CI:, "';.;',~_j'r <~ lt,t(:!..~ol: C'!';,,~ '' . ..,f,J;, * '

JJer~o\.l 17?(J to 1?9:5 tht:'l lE:nddrosts uf ~1tcll~Jnboset1_ ~ {tr5aff ....

t~ei:nct rt--:-~:,ortc;:J ~evero:l inHttmcfitJ 'tt'ht::l"e ttitl c::rttU~ nn.l aile;:-';~ ot:

< • • • • • • • •

> . •• ..• . . . - . . • . • . . ••

5)

th~':! coloni~3ts ha:~J ne-en eto len by 'Eat:dl~nn antl tne; oo:rdmcn k1.ll'J'd,.

netr:.l1f.;.ti:::;n by too colontstn l"l'm~ tt.:d, ~1 tt~ dl~~.utrou;:; efft.K!t:a to

:- ~ ^{'(< ·} ~ '>n· · G) ^{t., t'} 1· · · l•··tP~ · ^J;:'·-·--

1"' f l"' 11'1 · l

tlm . :u...qn).A, . .ft,., .,JI .. :n n. ^{~-l; ••} /r- ,-., .. rs, tne ~r:..;vt:; J'.er2 ^{'t ..} (,,o ^l ns :::rnc

G.. 1bO~S<;J.n tor.U"'etJ thft OOl(;;ny, the·y ^C7riJI(: a.Oi'GilS ']3o{7:!'~ ~:ho ooaztecl ,.,.,u i<'h:r·• , ••• ,...,'lltl .. :t·•~..a """t~··"~';tv¥' ^{-i-• .,.} t: .. , .... _.J.y,~"t ·t\r,..,. 'fhtlf>'h~~#j/•i"' ^{1 ·} ·n +S····~~i·* '$U"'f'H'ii''f'->* d· ^{u ....} 7

y~ J~:il~~- ~"-:.~:~, ~~1.;!; ~~::~.;~4:v4.-i>~ <!:~"~~-4-*.t'~~ .,+,_;~ 11~~J.NJ .. ~_a.s., "\!tJ.·.i:.t_::' .w~.- ~r-~~-~-M11'f:~--r·l· -. ·--~:_Ti-1>•

'ij~.tallUiell v.no ~:ere ,t·~:rJt'ltteu by the colonists ltere din•

·t·--1"•-a,-,.i' r utt"'-t•~t fi.'B . ,.,.,.,.-.,···tot._·:c· .-:>• ..• rm _ ,~;.Gf._:s .·.-·-if''"" a.,"i(}n{.•..;<lo. t'·>:" h .. ; "'~ ~fi ... l"···Ura.. ^{i"'} ·8)} . ·ffl)v··*·· ·*4i..eJc ··~'<·rHn ~y,·.,. ··t·i·-·,· . cea

~rK:ed. for ttle coloni~Zf on oondit:t:~ns ~~i:iiil.~~r tv tbt'; als::ves.. ther•

'tUn!'e,. itt f;:Hlt, n:llec~~t10n$ n:mJe ttnt oo;~r.:~:!n6os ~:e.nt out ^-~lltn. tlie

exryre'l~1 plll'7JO,:e t1i:t Cf.t~i'tnrlng ~l·~·:rcntto(.~S tl'~~..l ttl'!:.:; -relit:·'Vlng the

l _Q,vv ''·~htn••• .f'i"'-¢'·~t·•.i _{.~ vl~~ . -~,M,} ^... t""' 9}.., .. ,..,._11. ':'i.U · .V n .if<H ,f<;t.t • 1f .fo">..;J,..f,. ;f<'l'*" 1'~l<",•~ 4j._.,,,.. ~-;, (}...,.~!)3 ii.<~ .J.<R/v"'-~ft~ .:-·~t· -~'t..-A ·.,t·""·~·~" 'W'.:-l'Heft •. , ·'~~'> ^·• •·~·.b \iUC

yovet'll:Jtt:::11t tll':tt he .hr.ul ¹¹ st-rvnE ;re~~wn tt) !tunr~r)et ^'If tlt:.;,t !hl!;t}l'tt;,n

cn1larr-:n ';~!ir~: t1!~1tJt: irnnro!1er1y obt~i1f1£Kl ~mti tt1st:r1b~tt~a by tlle

colon1~'~ttl ea~1eCi'~'lly on. tilE~ no:rtb.r•:t.·n f;rt!lit1e,r .. ¹ t))

Aft~':r tl1e :f1r;:~t ~i t1sh oc:.,;Hnf,t1on of ttl~!, C:;;!!S:,

!£!tterur;'ts \ll~~r~, n.~e to i:;l:'}:t~:~ve tl\G et)D(iit;lon ot tte I~~th"~lf':Jl t>n tne 'frnntier l!'dllg11l£ from tne Under f~kknv~ld to the ll.oggeVt'ld and

ta.eu~v(;ld !·~v!)nt·;;J.:rls ¹ ! . T:rrvr:.fllf;rs •;:;flO J<."~lll1leYt>.l1 ti~<nJf:.h. f~tr)rcne.n

country during tht::: f1:r~~]t f:trurrter of the n1nt:tH•:·nth ^iJ~nt~lry f<¥tttxl

m:~;y of tlte Bttahtren l:i't"it.~t: in f;v'.~OO ~,·1th tllr·1l' re1rhl1Jnrs, :?Jl\1 thc,'tl€h :-;rild1' ^'tht:y wet•!. grt·tetUl for 'k1ll~J!lf1!-JS t;iit>·<n t';;i tlu~t; w.&!:iy

lte~t ^{g.f.wn OfJ} v~rfr;_re· ~.~1 ^ttt; tlteir n(:ighbonrs. B)

trnrint tfiia t)eriod .• too, :eus1w~1t1 ~"art~ t~.:~m into tt1e serv,tco of ·the coltfniJ:~ts nn tile 1lorthern frr!!t!tier chl(~fly u.-n hcr"fls•

mt.!n. ln lf~l~:; t;;.::x~~ooll fottn\~ -t;rY~:,t ~~ll tiln ta:rroorg elong tl;e ixJ:r'Jf~?

llatl. :Bl.Le;t~;i.ftll serv::-'l!'ltS', p:rlnei~c,ally llf'Qfiit::n ~nd cn1l>Jr,uu.3)

. In lBB4 the?lf~ t.rert; J.n. Gra·>f:f ••.• J?einet ,:~;l!lne lf~l nnHh.tnn chlls:jr(;n .ttving ~tmder ttu:! ¢t;>l"C' ttrl~l ''l'trrotm;ti~Jn of th~ tnn~},tJ1tt:\l'Its~,

~·bile at Cr'Gdock th~rt~ s.:orfs ~at.wnuren li1tlnt ¥1 t:n fa~~~ f~;.rw~Ts ^f<, t'(l:flf::

..¥<' +'hd - ,-~ ^.... ~"tt ^'Z'h o>-nr··~""n l'ifot~~--.. •.l'tv~·r· ^.. ,....,...t·• l"i<s.>d t,.., tl··"J· '""'"~ ~.,...:J 4} "'•~ 1. o~

(i.A;. ·lf.!-~;' a..; ^{A- t.t,f.;} ~ :aU,,lli •. Kl ,·,,;,;,.~ {, '-"'t"' ;' •-~~ :.&. -...'" . w -ii.!!'J .J:. '-~" ·.,Li{,~ Q .,_ ,l,'!c"'- 'Of:~'!'·

l:-.:nddr(.1St Mackay or r:ooort~et svst ~~rote tb:~,t tl1f% 13n.,4)llf~;n, ~th~:~n nne~:

aceustgmt~u. 'ti1 ~wJ;it~; ot ind~xstry·:~< WfYYH e:.mal tr; :tnY clnss o:f.!'J~!t;.r·•le -~~ ll8eftll sf;rV~arts" ~aKl tha.t he thOlJgtt th::it a :e;enel•Ltl inflnx of

tlleac :peo )le int~,~ ^tlte t.:.'Ultlny ~~otlld ^{Dt:; ot {trt::?t} ~4l!l lt.JHti~lg ^{rn.mef1 t} ~

I t et·:Jl ther'".·,fttre, s::'i!ely b~ a1c~~mn~1 thnt :Jtft16 of· the b1ZJOd a,t {.JlY :r;::~t~ of such i~Jst~;;en i\·oo ~~err?' in tnH service: of tllt:3

~·uro':'C:",W, bt.~cr;r~; itltft'rl~i~~f.tlecl tfl'i tlt ^th~:::t of otiKir ll!>n...:l'i:tn"l!J' e;>ns

~1 :fon~.rl one of ·u~~ oonut1 t~~!nts of_ ~nat l-'ste:r bcC:';:me tht< ~'Jolcmr

"''ll!!n the :t;uteb. ~;.r:r!ved to s.ettl~ at t.t~; C'6:ne 1n l.um.?

ttr;;v fonn;J VG~riou$ Ho~t tf~ntot tT1bcs in ~!<l~:es~;1cn ^. ot tiH~ ^{l;-;tld .,1 j}

':!'lA:i EOtf~Bntot~ rc:;,·J1ly entrt"(l{t 1nto e~:mne-rc1rl rt~l~4t1ons 1-z..itr! tlle

~t®~'"~;rn settlf~:ts b~~:rtfJrir{; ti-;,f:i!" c;:,tt;le for tne iTQn. ecw,,~,t~r"'

tob:JCOO t.Jld OO::.da ^()f the "ghitr; ~:ella: ~~~l it~ ti~' t~Vt';!l s~lting ^to

tl'ie '8'U1"f.i)t.Lns v-::.:st t:r;Jet~ of lfiil.tl. TilH nu.t® .settlf:rr:J st~lJt t:~x ...

pedit:lo:n~ 1nt:tl. trte :intt:?:'lt1cr fro:Ii ti.'~,f:\ to ti.f,1e to ~~urch.:~f~e cattle

ff\

by b~rter from tt1e nottt:ntots .. ^!t'1f !jJd.r;!ii~jilen ~tlt!O tH.!CtttTfd tlet1fteen

thE~ l;Qtt,: ntots 61K1 tltn sett:b~l"~ it1 (YJnnnction 'J:i tb. lsrrt·;. and {}r;;ttlo ..:~~;~ .. >,. .._,t . ..,,., ... , t" J.u:~.:.r.n n,..,, '"'" """"~"1").\ t . .><oil 4: "'~ i"''t'./'\\"""'"' t;~};.;.,...;.'f 4).

~"':~-9.:l; !..~i¥- 11-~ .. :L~\t•; ~~~:_i.~~~'\;i' ~¥'Y·f;~~- ,1, ~ 'l.ol ,_' :.,£. .:t: . .,:.\A. .;;l..~f' 'ii4\.J~~~-A·.JJ<llt;v;, *

The vc:.:rlons. Hottt1fl~Ot tr11Je~ ~tlt"t~. "'--mm tr...c Hollt~llders

~de C(lnt~:~ f::t .um.ltld~l the. (~ttY'Jt.ta>, ~rtygur~~,. Cb<iJJ.Crt¥V;t~.t f!a.ltC..>tt:n·;,~

ar.tl. K~:yr;g\tt:uaP! ^l':arF'er refer:rfl~J ^{to tlle} Koono~uaa ^(Jr fir:r,.ldanhr~ttJ,

!'>lOO dr:relt '&t th~ ^tt':'re ~Lr ~:nd ⁱⁿ ttl~ v~lleys ^of r.~auanllt1" ^{:Bay 6 ).}

7'he:y 01~rred ⁿ l:;~l'[~e nn~1'bf.~r ^of tEr,t tle as 1ite.11 aa nheer;,.?) lf.e al ~o

::lt10ke ot tht: ltott~'tntot.s n~m~(;.lo(l (lQlf;flcbortrjU~Jh ClOt:lngbai::tttls,.

r~:rlngk!ik.on~ktl ·• Crf.::;t ~1nd 1»1 ttl~~ 'tt\richUl"i(;lU~.S r.;:Jl'ld Has~.:?~, :rt~hO' t~:re

¥.t'\'fWt(i <".,'1 <' I''Jt:l: il<r< ·ft'F,}'\li::' }"~"'eVil) ...., , ~ J<t.t:fc ~y, ,t.,..<t l"'lc>'~ ^·- c~

^{<'4 ,.,,., .} ~fi\t~ ^{-i. ,,}

oloV--M..!."t "'-"\).,,._... l'V """-''!.{ '\:, ^{#,,Ij,.,J $' ~<,1 W} ~},,,"- -~•yr,~.> U'UC1.l ':).g ~,Je '\'>J,,\~J.-l"":·

.Nr~it:r;uas~. nensar;uas <OC..u. 1lanktU1};.?U~t ~~oo ^{lived furtrle.r} 1nlr~na. ⁹ l

~;irt: ~f,J;, tcr ^fKH~Jt;!' time t11rRat ~ontc::ct b0t.~'!ecn. the

rcsul t ~·ao the tm1on. of blocd l)ctv..:--er:n too 1nd,1fzJ~·oou~ Itot~:~:::ntot .;in:l

tt~e exoB:t::·t10US ~1-l:~vc. 31:;:V~$. often rD:tl (i'f-'~~·Y fr.om t'tl~~tr m~1~tnrs ttl join tl1e Jlattt~ntots ¹ ~) It~ ^tr>f}9 '~m rill1rJnce wBs, t;>,ntnreti into 'l!t~i t~~

the ttott:~ntot. t:r1,~;e l1vinr in tho e:l1V!:rons of the ~b'rt to aP!~1~t

tn b:r1.:n~.ilit:: Uc':tck :rnn~t:·'~~<Y slr~·ves~ ¹ l~rhe t!tltoh ~ettlers; ;-rore. ho'iievar

oorspelled 1-r,u~1~ t1r:~c to tittif: ·to ·eng;r.ge 1u: blo:~;ify· c::~ntltct l·71 tll Hotti·trt£,/t t;ribea~} ^Bnt in m:i:tt~ ^of tl~is a ^{ntlm~r .uf} lbttentot$

3ulne.1 U).€: se:rv1oo of the ~~~n;,~,e ^{na 2 JJ1d} ·t;,ll"t':·;'.dY i:n ¹⁶⁵⁰ J)Jen·tion w:u;. ^{mg;le ti~:o~} .. t. tltt*' !1ott-f:3ntt.Jts ~t:r.e Htt::,:1~tit:g thf:c SUT.<Y:"e~:;ns in tr-ons-·

I'"tttlug ^{'it'VOU ;;,d'Kt} wet~·t~ ltE.'Mlil;g ·t_v ~)·e·i ^.t:lln ~J'f:ltch l:?..tJg;Ut~e::) ~.t'he trott~~utu-tu ~lHu :ss;;)t~:ttea ^.111 ·btu 1;.!1r;.r. -tht 1-ltl:J :t~r::{ ¹

In thin ~:IffY tht-, Uo~tcntuts C~\;-,~; further.- into ^dirnt~t

In 1 ?lS F~ ~ridt3liU <Jf mr;.all 'tJOX broke oat 1~.t tlle C9~Je

atbS ~!!'i.~)ng tile t-urtP-,e~;n r~nu r:;lt"~ve ~-;orml,~t'l~:::n,

al'Tii c::~u~r~d . t1Utiil1:r.,ms dt .. t.. . . _ . . _ . . . . _ . _ .. · . _. ..-})

snd 1n f)"Cn ter t;.teHntrre ~~wong. the U<tttcntnts~;, l:n r-~·;~y 1.11:3 -so1~t-.; ot··

the *overg(~blt*evl:'atte :0Y.-9cbse Hottctntot!Jt de ~1ektc 1<!ill~7itie ontvl~~;t

kill.t.Xt so~~~ ~'t tl~ttlr les:} fortun~~te b:f'!~;thr;m, ~1\c~ ~~et'er su.ffe!"1nJ;~'

o:t tht:: JlX>!lt serlcrns C:::(J.n;;lit1es thr~t overttJok the nott~::ntots ~nrl rr:•

:aultod ¹¹¹ a ht}~~v:v death toll"'?)

As tht: ·~uro~!et-Ji G"'l.on1ett1 ext~mJt;d t:t~elJ.~ l1nti holc.lir':.:ps rtnd ~et.tlc~J :turth.er s.!;:;·~-Y t:ro;;1 fhpe il'tJ~ll., the l!ott!l,lltot~ lY;C!lt4B

A.i~IN""t"-CJI~ · l'i£i·!'t , . , .

r :'Y'\i~ ~>'t'W·f if.l•·.;f:J.'U· •·· ..,;;;.~•"'· ~'l''>tn t•il•,r~ 1:>'1.1<.->'-.: Ap ,.4'!' ·'l~p l,>''t'~'"*"

U. ;"'tJ',Vt2,.,~y~l_p ... ,.~ l.-.i~ , · .. ~~t.~,t ,zd4~""A· \lJ~i~_/·;· r.~t":/1~£-~- ,.__,_:r, ¥ _,1-~l,.,.; .l!_~("~-1- ~·'k.;;·~.,, V~ lll'f.:,.,_... -:,..3-,_-~-J:_\.t-_.

~,:ns~ or ~x:nved f'lt.rthnr iul::xld.. By tl1e e.na ot the Sr~venteuxth Cf.~n.tury· the Hnt tontots werf;< s'rn.::tl<en of aa tt.Snistinp tile tc~~\rs in

tllf.:' lig!~ter ~~riil~Il tltr~l oyt~l!'"~;tions f.iltl o?.S 'Jrovidi:ng "d'ttE/P l~,lx;ur

"")

for thf; ;)!l:tcll"~ ^{Wbf;;n JO}l.'l} /fla.rro:~ ·tunr:o~i tht~ ~f4''G 'Colony at ti"t{t F~llfl of the e1gtlte!~ntli Ct'ntury:. h~! CH~~ to the: connl~~s:lt)n trr." .. t, in the tU//trtr;t o:f firf~~~ff•:nelnftt trw, rLVt:ri~~ce Ptm.r- fri~ter ernnloyetl five

Hottentot se!'Vf:nta fnr i~Vf::r:y tt~ sl.s:ven ..,"" {\)

·,~<h!'m, 1n l?fi~~ E'elttler tmdn:rtook an CXl'>t/(~1t1on f.rt'lnt

tlr::t:J%a ~:.~ot-m tot-:rrds !fonr::el r~y r . .:ld 1nlcrtCi to~.:t;:rds: .r,i;)llf'kloot end tnen. to~ ;:a"{iS tne f~runtoos r~tver-~' be or~:-;o nmln 'tlot trilltotu 1,;:ho hsd

-~rl'-i't ·""l<'ii~·-.~·t•F<en--:..t~..>'l- ~~~1~ U o~,<:v:~#L~:.~ ~u~·",~\j, wJ_• ,~~:~-!\' <-~ ~~«, ~,::L, ~"', -~~· _-r ""'41' 'f.P>'ii'J!:•t' ""'.'J'I:••i: ~-.,··ttl.r";;· ['m" 1 ^4/.:i. 'f1\'tfti>'TU'~¥\< ~AD~_.~~j{"~.t,t, ~;;('-.dol:_,~ ~~· h-c . ..,.d-6 ;t"'!ft,.,--.1"1 -.. ~:"VliJr2 \r .· f~

tt..e;tjo ~i:lt~;>t~tots ^hnd *~1[ wet e:r ·woon. ·twt.~f;VFJn ^{by om;e} l:::l,ntlboluo:rsl!

Re fotu.t1 nvt}v::r<niS lJottenttJts: vr~J :t'lt-.l~~ th'1-C;or:~e dt;;:tri'b:"J:lisr~l t:nd t~w.

ber:n liVit\f; tfi¥Jtl thu chr~!to .ttt'Jcb l:tk~? the 1\ttthmett.~ ~;Tl<l \filo ilati tl.S ~~

r:e:3nl t of i:MlfJF,ger btl n oo~~ncllcd to c<;t tlncb tl~1nga:t ,.llm.,_.rv:J:n tle 'll"<>':t-~·'<"'t'"liif ~.~:lll'> ,..,#'fi¥lt1 "(~.8fl ^l'H't #'.;tojY3)

--~~- "'~~, ~-:~~Jt:. ~~~~· .V~"'~j~ J..#t~2:., __ ~"¥ ~

ln 1~1fj. rrovrJ:mor. v:al !f'lt:~tt:eniJ(:rg tr~:vr~lled 1nl~~n.:l to

Grr'.i~ff,...fjr~innt~ tm,(i tn the ~euoo:rg~ antl th~~tlce to v:~n .Plettmb-r':rf'("

Be::rtX>n. Iri all. t·rit:· tcr~i tory rta trr~V(~raed., tha:l' r'.ovc:~rr:<l%' ftJ~JnLl no

tndrn;1en:Jk::nt tr~toon of ~bt1;t:ntatth Uf.~ only Cf",;.I\!C u~jon J!ott(~n:tectt$ i,;no

~--A ,P-t'>-'fi ;<'l'f'>:)"AL> \1~•; ... ~ ":kif""'L'!t" ~''<'<~-t. t:ht'l""" F.i..,._.,:t_l'iflfl """'.;; ti-<-p; *''!-tt,.l"':,•P.:-;;"" ,i'lt{~'"l...._

,1~· ~\,oi'~ ·:tt~~K;· 4 t_~-~.$;~Q' ;f..l.,.·.!{~t"?~ V·c:,i~ . -~·-··- t.t. ~"J~;.~¥4~ ~-·"' .. -' V\;.c _!_.:\ ... ~ .'.·t~\}·_ .,_.,,:~:1. ~ K..Js;~"""·

ondct:t oozelvr; { ti:o-lon.ist(m) te:r :;;.:-oon -~1~1;:ran ,gf;kmccn ?.o vond u'lnn de~""rtl

et·":~"'i' ~;r,._..~ :&f"i'f!;.t';'t~• t:'l'""'"l~~ '¥'·~-~'!'; ,J!_:··-~ -~ ~~ .... -JA,.'~ ~'f ... ~ .f"..:;A.\_ .. ;;.~\,~ ~ ., ... .... ~$...i~'\ ~ ... l>" .... 4l__._~ o-""n _._i.t-~ •t' __ ... .)<'-:>,1\J~.t-!{· ,,A~- ~-._.t~..4t.;J:.· -~ Vi.ti~ ~t..'".'f'' f~'"'IO'W<I,tf.\'ftB o~!-.~p"l tia __

f:.,f,.,•L,.,_U~.i,:J .,..£\iif''#'.i-1 """'l"fi {:;A.;f c:''"i:J-"" ·tL"->.~1..

eig .. ~t1-e3 of ttre e1r,hteo.:-nth Cf;n.t~trY, ~:ma c;:.me -~~;{Ill sJ;~<l.l r~zrtles of iftot't:f';Iitots.,., :t~e ,fcun:J th'fdfi: l.:G':k:",V ~:.;zi 1n.Joll,.;nt .. '"§~1j 2ltllen jt.V::t~n.t

. 5)

ze!~i:;t:n z13 * ot ^~&13 :Zttllr:m ~~l..~t.emeri•"' !~e fnrthol" S(~1a f-lf -them: ~1:en

dle;te ornre:tacll1ll.ii)ln1u tlont i'lr;:£ tot oorkl!jO!ih~id en lulllf)id nf:.igen; hr::t llo<'!i!en ^{~1jncr lalritln ~n de} :rorg vt;c~r ,,~1;Jn ue~rt~_En,

. zie· ~ia;;AZ 1J1jnc vurrma~m*lte ooz1gtte:tfen• hij oefernt do ,j~Jgt n1Ht

al~ ~a.gt~r, r;~Gr ~ls .e,·~n ::~Ar.al.j! d1t: iiotH'~' d;•n l:iUTif;;Cl" get1l"6Vffll en geprn,_t{f.?:ll:l. ~ror.it"' Voa;r ^hr;t over1r,c, !let worlaienn VfYrgcet.::n(lc,

o~;kont,-;r!i. OV():r, tmt toekon~£~de ~ k:t..tt llet tegr~:~s~JOor:r,lge r.Ulct'ft:.

he-11 tr.f!;;!:fen t:n beleJJB irtt.Joezenl(Jn. i) ^OtbtJr tr~,:vellera conti~~t.~d

. "'}

·t~lis and l~~'::Jentt:u ^ttr·u;;n the' lflnenrable ltmlness ~ 1~f. tne Hhtt.;::ntot~ ^*

\rlrlle ;~rj:rtten ot ^the not~entc~ts ·wc:rn s:nttllr~f~ (ill the

:t~a~tem :frontit~r of t.ru7 :tr11J":icUy e~tln~l1ng {~)lony, tlJe;rr: ""re:re :tlt.bt?ra

:l~;~tc.r to be lUlO?'tl · oo the !SjJ~t{,\l~·d.a ~~nd~ the Cri('ltan.- ·~!110 r~tre~;;ted t\1

tl.a.e nr;::r.nr:c ~~ ¹ 1vcr beycmd tl1~~ ~r-!k :~:'twr :rod ^th<~ 'rbkk:nveld; othe~

v:~tlt:t3 of Hottt:ntot9 ~~~e to bt:~ tenmd ln tb5 1ro:rt·r) .... ~?es.t. In 17tio

Jr.:iiOOtl!J.s O'.J:;.tze · tr$1Vt~lled. ovr:r thiu ·t~:rr1 t;:::ry nnu C!.~me: n:-JOn Crlqn~.•

~.rJd .N:amr1Cr;;\t::s .in the tcrra.tory .of tho f'.ot~la.t"id ^{north v·f t.ha} t'ir::~~e

"'iii<t·ti'>~.l. Jl't;~>A ^'J;f .~~.-.,.._.,~ ^"1Y $~1·.' ^··. n••''i.lntl' lbl'i"'h••'~l'"~) ^{k .. ;o: ...} rtn1ri.i<i-4 .o<tl~~·nt~

J ' "' ~~. 411 .~ ^{UV H t ....} ~V' .. J,t .1;;~;: \ ·~ · 00 ,., ... i . ''W'tl i''W•~· ) UQ<O · oU.~}J I ,J<, t;;>~ \.1,>..;;\J.. (..li . ·~). ··f.;

. ~)

til~; Qt;;;x~:;~ ~~iVC~ fo:t 6rt.\"'f):t,E:l Yt~~~'1'11 acturJinf to t"<O€ftz~. Ut~ t:dso

'

.fl;'··<tib ft;·An t'''>,b. f'w.&fi~'tl'!''<i'i' 'LJf·'·1F"i. 'l'li'A""/S -1- <t~"'t'H••I'U'>'"'""1o·y,. nf· ~'J''I<i.,~'I'O"l''iln ·t''l.t"')~/lB h~

·t,.¢-.. _:?j.~ ~. fU '· '. ~(~· ·~o~.k~-,_ ,:'\~Q '11,~~ BtJ ~G-•1,o~: ~1.'- ,..,;-u~'f;.~'[~-G·~·J >l" ·"" - ,J:.J;l._.~_?·!. \.~~- ..__): l.~~-.e'·..t.l-,..4,·~ 'V-+

ca~t~tle. ~itKi f)Uck~l ^.Ilurlne l'778-17:.;1J, ·t·~1i!::J:r tl:"::~Yr~lliui ^{tbrou;,tt too}

..,.o.,..""'.t"'""'""'V ·\it,Al:·_\ti:~!~~-~~J :j_t!J~ ~_,~,..t!:.t;A <A"i""'"' 'I,_....,.:...n ,;lu· ·~ ... .;f .. f 1' 1"'""1.," ~-~ _v;; ·n·. t:l.f·~~ai_~'->~--~4~\..k. ~:-:~.l\.( ~~~M--A i~)\! trf),..,, .. .-1. ,~_,.v'l ,,., .. , ,.., • .,~.~' "~w. ·rn ^{~:•o+-•iA} o :l-UV#'

!~tt(ntvts under t11o lcndcr.uhtJ! vf 01"-'.tJ rt:~:renct" *•n \':Deyer:.::n

. 7)

t:btt(~ntot uyt 't ~boovf.;nl:.~m1* ~ ·~ltO ooal?J ^tti}Ctik r7ltttoo., Othor ^~!otten•

tot t.-ribes. wt~:re ^,!):196 e:noounteret:t~)~het,ie Ba.sta,rd, ••. rrott!-'i!lltot COh'1'Jun1-

t1elt tr:n<"lf1;:l to seek :rcfw.::e 1n tbe · ina.coemstble llfil"ts ot' the z,:..r.~r-t-

<~)

berg anJ tl1e Ce¥1erbfJrt,"~

1~1art from their int!ol~rl.Cf),. th(: ·'HottfJntt~ts rc~~d1lY

st~cr.tnlitUl ·to tl~<; ter.lt'ft?::t;tiun nf U'l.toxic.r::~t1nr:; lie :uor.. Ti~1s 11/tv;;r

w:w ret"~tlly SU'1<lied. l>y the Nuro;::c~'n tr::~_;Je-rs; s.nd evtm too t:;n;t ....

drosts tt€<·UeRted ttw governM'Jl.t tet gut~:.>lY li/'UOl* :tar t!ln: p~.srr~:me

of tr~;~ ·u_~iz; ~'ittx the ·f!ott~"JlttitD!> ~>n the~ ^{f:;;:rms a.} ·~r.~.ctice :::;ro~1e by

~i.'hlch ~trO·•· iOi.;t-t Mf~tfl~S suc,;;·,l1ts~1 11,· .tmr to th~~lr servt~uts 1n ·~:tfi.:rt

!)f;.\~ent ^of ~,r,.ges~) ^:tJy· lH:~o ^{too -pot;1 t1on} n~tti ^so U{~'ter1or;~te:~ ^thr;:t

Com-.,1$~'1\.s-tmr nlrt:c ^1'itl$ cor~clleti to re:-··ort th:nt fttbo r~ropens1 ty

of tl1e ilOtt·Pntota· to tn~ UGt~ ~xf u:r:tir1tt~_;;;ns. ltr·ur?:r tO'rm~ tnr>

~._..._,_,:*b~<t'~ ~-~'-·•tf;,~">lh +_.~ t-t-~""·1· "'Ii< m"~': ^{.. 't .•} :~_..,..._wF""!'·llt~';l

il'IF~"'·~·'-v"" '<' V~ ,,~'~!.>'· ..., 'If"'' .~.t._. *-· .l,;N~· -4> ~.J..LY.'IJ'_.'-+1+·., •· "'

:~:·oo ;moral dett,\rloratlun of the Hott1"'nt~ts -~as rtl.ao

conf1T:t~~t~tl by ^.l?ev.., u.r~. U~llbeok ^{.. 4 )}

of the r4.)lour-ed reo:'"le waa that provtdml by the s:ltr:ws:; t.,;~tlO t,mn~

'brtJU[{'!lt tQ rc~1th ~:'tiCtl f!'Oln ~.l~J:.:~a:SC'?l"~ 0i:c'np:al~ tb.e lt:tleJn~ .!JDd C'Q!'OlU'Jl~l~''l !'tt~...St$1, ~;:~Jt\"it1us" cf!eylon Grtd the r;a~t. InrU.tm IS:l(:lnds.

Al;~st front tiK~ time he l:~.rHt~-<l, -Jr.:;Jl V~;!fl }11(31Joock~ t¥UO

came ~;..~iti1 tne itltt:~ntion;, :not ot #JC;':Uirln.e OOlf.~nl;,2·l. ·~ur.te.sc1iJ:OS fo:r

ttie ~)Utcll t;::;;:$3't. .trot~~ r-,c!rrft1~;,ny ~ 'bttt tor estr~ttli~~t~tng a tt1~e -',:,t. tile

r:~we, ~'ile:rt· tlt~ shipr! en ^·routf~ to ^.t1t1(1 trom Ind1' ^{co~dJ t."e} t:(nctiDl'fXl

owr.ht.mletl f;r,.u ~~<ttrna. ·1::hi lt't ti~o ~:r~:.;;.rr~n CO'~~l~l rest ;·.::;nu. tlw: -

5) . •'

sup~;lioo ot t1'i~ .abtr;s coul:J be re\~len1~thed,. hatt difficulty ·n1th

~r:r:tv2l.~ vcn ~'~ie'OOcok: ¥!rote· ^to bin atb;!er1"m 1n tr1a1~ .• tnD·t he d;:;::s.1l'ed ttl·· ~ve l:~.oour~) ^'No s!~;;ren ^conldit llv'!·~ever ^{Ill: lle} sp::;..red ^fi11d f:Jr six ye .:~; he 1la1l ·;o uut.f1t1e ·~~~1 tbfHJt 'J·l~;vc: l:~fbt~t~ ~ tllt11'tgh a t:r~rt

alaveh ¹ t~~ ^{dnr.l.ng tim} 1ntt:r1m :pt::-.rlod tJenn. br,:n~ut ~" th~ C~r.ne~)

V}\a t..!~~ ~i\.1,-,~~~ f!, .. t~·~'<·':'Wi· ;~'ll'!>t.,.. .. o!L"~-~:~s_ ~ ~-~~-~lo*t:''!'.).~ _.,~:-"-*· iW.!!S .,.,v·lt"~"" ->~tc· ,,.. %-4.J ·_ ~•1n· (~_:."~~1;, \lr}~P """""~~ ·r.T'""i. __ ^tt;,•c./1 -.'lll\:t:~k ~;_,*L- ..,.!'\..,. ... ,... ~,;t.~ii:·-~.;\~- ^;n:. !xf:•· ~~~~~,<t ~~-..-~~~.t~;.~;?r.i· .• ..c.-'!fi .

ii'XIIl-·i \- Q 1

l•'tt tM fl f~ltL l'.{"'f/1111< .. ¥4\\! lfiW~ . . . l'R.tM ':ii'?ll -.,...,__ iiBA't.l t~.~- .. -.. --Gf4!1"-~i't tW.lf ... lt,~MPO&t!J;~ "1'"--l'-t\'llodoiiii;~~~~~,'JW'~~

l . . . . . . . . l)

~so Vf':nt!Z- ttl Wt11"k :t~t tne c.u:·:~e:, was fi<lso tmsucces:uful, ^a.~ were hi;;;

"'~)

.~tte:~ts. to cn;:nloy tt1e 1ndifena~JS TIO"\t,rmtoti... Vt;;n ttle'bef;l;; even

·,;~ . trol~tht ot ensla.'V'il1f' tl:u:; Hot"tt~tot~t·-t .

Van H1e'beeci-rta rA};,ue~;;t tor ^SlE.1W la.bo~)r: was not :1t til.l au·:rp:r1s1:ng) ~.t~ $l.~.tv£:ry w.~ rm ai.f(.'Oflt *lnlvHra~l 1tt::-;:t1 tn:t1an ~ror •. gut tilt": <:.1V111~H?!l ns~tionn Cf. thfJ ·ds~y. i'he 3';ortuguese, ^!:100 ~ere tl.'iB

~u:ror·c~·.n. 1~1f~1ner1:rs (;t tJlg ~a.st,. were; the fi:rt:rt great. sl~}ve tuerrn1E..nts of .r~tlern 'ti1·,~a. ·~'<:ittl ·tht' r1~e of .nutcn ~Jlonts~:-·Uon in thf1 Y.;.~t

mlii tii.eir conr~.llti::S\ of tho I·n~tttt;uenf1:t tlt.e ~::utcb C\:tntimwd too ^r;~rd:C•

tlce 'O·f ·~l~Jvnry:. :r:u f~~etf alt~ve:ry 1tr~s mt rt:gi'lrded ~ ·oott}ft incc'J~r~

Pt:tt1ble ~~1 th Cl'i~litt.onlty ~Jd r~r2~Yr7rs wen;· con~tt~illtly of:fered ·up to

tilt Cre:: tor fo:r en~.r~ing thM strece~:1 (rf t:rre sl~tv~ tr::~.ae rru tor

sl~.~:ve:~ c2r:turerl J.n 1~·i:r.:rcy ^{011 t1:tt:1} !llgt~ ttet:1c$~}

no·r::;ew::r". thf~. lROO~Jr r,;-osi ^t1(fr!; at the; C:1pe :)lgS ~tJl(fdP.tily e:;:~1e-;1 by tt~f~ 1utexrj·f;Ct<~f1 .[;.r,~tv:"l in :It~ble Bay ci'n Puth March 16fia of

·t.t~ s1:lii} ·~rntor:trt ;i, t.b. otm inmted :'lnd sr~venty ftwir f..l'lt;Ol~~ s1·=tvrJ~

.a.oor.~ra" t;:ti~en. f;ax{f, ~ l"r;rtogurJt;~.: ~hil~ b::nmd 1·o:r :era'l11 * some f'tM ,, .. _

weco lcitc~~ ^:J· the y,;:t.dlt i!~s~;ett tt:r:rive;! 'l.fi tr..: t~.;o :tmnrlred &.nu ti~t'"7nty t!:')

..to4, ~f I< o'} •'>UP.f~ -~~'>.,.,'!}l"i.lt!'Aii .-.:+ 'fn,•'!l(). t<.n 4->·i··:~ ,>'•r.;;a;;.. .nf i"!u.t_,...,.~.;;; .,.,...."""""' . 4·!il.6."n ·

~..¥!::;~~• ~~-;,,_,.1f-~--"· J_-t-1rA*-·'--~--tA.-~=·-~·..fW-' ~'!'~ ~~-::--·! ·y - ~~~- ~-"'_fA;!~ . . ~-. l~·t~;;t.~~~~r~• ::r--T·u-~- ·lt-~l.~;r•"'·

slrives tt~ kept ,1.p ~"vi tn :~ad2W:~;~oar tiM $ftt:.ll v~Jtrels wt~re f-rom tlt:e

tri time rro.nt. f;rorxt To1Jla ·a,3.y to proetrte thetn~ 'rn ^tile; :r..ei;crt1~;;;tit'lns

%..'•1-·. 'r.'!· _lf:i\.JJ,f bh •tl'U!!. l.fHj.~~- ~ t.··;:¥"1· , __ ,c.\_.,. P'.{ft;;, • -~--.k -H'~I-$-..g. 4~WA-ff -TJ~t!.ft. ~ ~;c::.-ty~_yg-. :11..'!'!;';1~~-;_. .,.n- ,._ ¥1'\',r•:.. tc~'i:;;_.,,,M '"·l·· ~:~,...,.r;,B: -~-~""r;t nb·t·:·"'"""'~'rl W --~~-MA.~r- ... .,- 'Jt~J!!! W;i~ 't~t:iU~;>1.·1· !,.&~~. ... .,. ··~-~.k~- ~~~-~"' ^"v.· 1· ^•

tr~oe :ot a tm~t~.-ortny slr·w f:r<fii~ tue Ce.~;e ^{4 :} ~r,tts slave ·nerved ~1s.

!nte't'jfl't~1;C·l"" llUt be ltit:e'!l:t'l'!t~tl tl1e 1:ntenge, lKitJ':t:d tlf li1S .oountry~x~un, 1<!00 Wt'rLQ.;;i h~:ve t4lnr6.ererl :t1•1l t~t the :firHt o.~:r'~Ol"tun1 t.y :t ft-~tl he lli}t

1..""P"'* \Jt'J~.;....IA: ~.4\.?~.'l,;:._'{·r'WJ. ,-#·-y:!.;.,.~; ~· _,...,ff#p., . ..,., ~,;;it ll'!:>'i'¥!:!'1!i<~:t 'n..,.~., "¥\rt._* .... '~"·.i:J4.~ ~'-'_._ ,<,\~--~~~\~- ~: ^{.J...'t a} "5illl "·•1· · <B"''""'"'~.I'I< .,,.,.,:r ~-~~~~ l/~- ...,.,,...l"'.t· y _ .-~,._·-t,,rv~-.;1.~ ... ¢.1'>""4 rl•I~?) Ji.

,,...,f'fl::',c~:;~A'i ;~_·;_.:l· ·. -~-.2~J.-~.~. :'~-•.l•l ~\.~:l"'-.~<~".>.;t .. "-"'~~ uct ^~- -t 'f':.!!i}<>C.•"ft l"""'tt' 1 "'t' ^h ·-~be ~«•~~'+i .

~'""-~~~~-~~ ~~-fof,_.,,u """-'-'"'--~· . :ors->-o.,... ,.,.._. >t~,~~ ·!J._ ,_,.,., i.c"~·-'v.-;" .-..l:.t;~ ~•-.l~ t<.l:Lv p...-9'.;J••*

b111'ty· v£ tl!~1ng in st~:-tves,. Cnly a .fJ:rall n'tt!:J>e-r -YF~ obtr~~lned.,. .'J.1ld in 1'/J-0 tt~:- ~!a\'{t Ir;dlti r~m:::~ill'Y aba1iaoned JlelHgoa 'flay tifter -~.ll oec:t~

t~\~ l,r;umed r,nd. etgllty tJ1£~l't3:a hr~i 1~e&::n. tfbt;~lntm,. nnu tt;ese. l:'5te;

eenr;r:n..lly· or ^a cr1~Yiinra di~-10s1 t1.on, inclined to m:trJ.e:r ^:'!< tttt:~ft c~

rli6r•"'"i'fit··i"·n· 1':3)

U\;t.~~~k · ·:-.l -:-•

U~JlY' sl:$Yf.#S ~erl!~ ~tCt;Ui'tf.'d from ~\tij_::ltsh.~ lfr~,·-llch r.md

l!ott~uex~c nhl::';;s. r;~1 tH.e·r by J)H:t:tmme ot ^by cu::r}ture~ ;3n~1 ~~t1rt'1ri~

tr:..les ¥rere oftnn tol~'t ot ~;ncon:ntHrll 'l.':i.tb bnccnnet-:re ancl t~lrn.tes,

1n ":0hicb ·thn l.;l,pves ~tt tlt:'i.en tc,:t~~tst b:rr;ovcly sitle bY nld>E~~ 1,1ith thn1r

~~,

c~~to:rs~ · '~Jbf3n t.bt:~ tli:yl(,n s~glla.dr<!:ll ~a:r:ivi?d B,t 'tabl,e ,~Y in t,~fr;l':OO

1G?7 the.:t~.;, ~ero Qne h'~JJ~i:rea :r~1t1100r1n :9l~vee en ^btl~~r~L. A-CtJOt' ^~!:ng tlls letter ttbicJl oc~X>mr~~nt~~~, tt!en-~ lt:irtl times. ha.d. f::l:ten on }~ooctr~

anti ttr~~~; 1Jr~ft:~rtun::~te bei11~7S,., ~r-en·e£1. t}y :t·.::UI~lle~~t h[:JJ ~~Q;ld thorJS'-'::1.

'Vt'>~ ~·W1(. __ \'n(c' *'f-~.J ~lt.~~.,_,~-y '~'•f,:~" r.f·· "-ti\ ~~,;.A;~.ctpt;~n -~~-4~.._ •. , 1 ~~f·.,~ ~~- .... 'i'r St'·i· -....-.. ·.1· ~d t~-r..zF•.,..il"" tr.~ .:.~Y. W--- ~·

D .J.~V. ._yJ,.~-"' tt"'-;t ~;;~ ,_ 7"-# V~ tl~f' ~!{1ft~ .\~tl -""'i>l o~

~-

~

ft,)' in a small. C':l".oe OOtl g~);ve lU.:u:n~:;lt over into ooni~t;e;

~·nt:-,; ~lt~1n'3S l,;f}'r'a tl!;;}t i)n:t:y e'Ttnlagnd bY tbrJ: a:uth~-rr.ltien

e.t t11e {':~itt" bat were t!lso ^oolti ta too oolonlttts~, ~,;oo prcrjt~ed. them into serVice_. • ^~~~1t.t1 tt..g ~r-iV5£l of t11e ft·rRt h~~tm o.f ^nl:~vr-m 1n.

165a, a ll'l:l';ber Wt~S, SOl;j to tht:: :fret': 'btn:"£T.M'~rn • "I'ne~~B inC! ".li'lcfl. ootlt tm:tlea r:nd fcwfll3S' ~~ ttlny wn:ro m:tt:rloyca in ~lxntbcJ'tm~ hO!l\:.t-,4~t-:n,.

. vtsser1j~.. O'Olv:nl,~td ~ .. -. . . -- G) . ; . . . , ... "". ""- ^;t·. w-er(, . ,, ,... . . . .~loo &llo;~ve~.!l ,· . "'_, , __ . -., /i to b __ . ·._. t ~y ~lbv,_,s .~-. )(."" ~,,

^f.:t on ^{. .} tt~t, oA~n - _-." l . -,,,.. --

. .,.,. ~ •. b) . . . . . "" - 1

mr;~k-et .u:., ... <mJe 1'trw'D.... 'tlt.O~Jtb ;!t~rtnl.s;:~ion y,~aa t:1'ti1trtetl ey tne ^Ul'ttnt~1

of 1-"'li;Zlr J.r; l~H to t:r:1a:ttc tltrmnbCRt! tri e"-i11· K10tlf~ ttl~ 'F,:)t§t itn.ut

tc pur~tJf~ ,;:~lt:\ms ^tt1P vt:Iltu:rt3 ^tu-JVI:r :mt1terteoli~t~l:) ~t:d ^thus tl~e

1~tt;rgti.f~r· r:et\f.~;te· eo:c~ld t·~:ri te to tiC;''Jterr0nt....aovt:1motr Bcn.trk:e in 10·:ru: ·

.lifTho 1r.ih.~~i~lt·:nts tJf th1s ool.t~ny h::~~ nt;:vc.r etrb~~Yk.e-d 1~ 0ny extmut~

·t.ir,n tc obt0:l'n ~l~:voSr by ~nu11est or ilf::rter in other ·Ci';ttUlt:rtag, ~~

ha,s rr. r>1:rtf~le l.n.rlt:v1uual ot tlle n1.taerou .. ^tj t~·!J:Je.~ of s~;;v-e~"e9 by vbom

.. ^~, we lr.llra ~1llr:tr;tmdr~.::.1;t c:;ver OOt;rt enslaved by lt.; .. ~

fJt;.e sltiWG ~t tt.e (]f4ie tbfJG fell 1rto ^'f:HO, mc~in cl~-m ·~;(~St

~'Imae- ooiotlf}:tng t\) ·tllt: <r:rttt<:tb 'hr~st tmli'1l:t ~"kYti-~p':::ny ~~s:! t'iii:1~e. e;~vc;.cloyea,

ny l:ri~li:tridltLl td::f1t11::.:ls;r O'Ul"£'ll6'ts ftnd :f;yrn£fl'S. 'flle pri~:;.telv <nmc-d oSl~·.vatt ~ere ti,Ct.;\rJit'ed~ troPJ: tllf? f?.OJI~~.my! 3' or ~;l(~'te r;ttr't~b::13!-td. ct.t r~ulllic

-~.\

!~'! '>h;>'l• ^.,t {JY}~ :, "

·t"'-" ~I.¥ ~+-...J~ '~ ....

1t~e f.J'!'le~:?~ of e1~,wr:1 vr:A.rios:t oon~!uerl~b.ly. :In rl·m;,

~itoo. ^r,rlcna: ~~ern ll!.f:l'l:t :a. sl~;.;w ~:~ t~oltl ^{!or 11!551} r1Xt[oll::;;r9l

·;;en ... ~:: Y~:J,A;C:. ·~-'.;- ~-~~~~ V ~~""" 1'01i<t~~t-·*~"" t••m.r::. ·_ ~•llj ~-,. ^•itr-, W11-.:_,:t <f'!!:l"~·..:!:e•n- ,lk_,;f-· -~---~-~-·~-'!'~- '~.ft.: "'fj>l ~"""""" 'f~.n•""•"' '4'••:.:~• ·t,ti,~ :.-.. -~~~ .. ~-tf"\_;f,, _,_,~-;_,'!!.~11ft

'l'ef~ttl:~:ti.\'::ItlrJ. ~:ere dr.~t:tted fro~n tirrll.~ to tinJO: OOl'lC(~-r:n1-rtkT tlt~ Bl.f;'~er ...

vltd.'~n ^{a.f tiie} sl~~~vr:s ^{in tile} l.o:1~}C~) Tt1~ ^t.i:r)1t e~ten?:11vr~ st*t ot rules nm£ :r-e[.nlattol'le fo.lt tlio t:rctitment ot ^!)l~£W~ at tttn t_in,ne ^!:t:J.s

<1r!4'ted by ~l'>tt~:::ta,; lr;.ner ~~t:n>flr1k ,Mlr1~:·;n. v~2:11 HheF.d.e r1oon he vini te:il

tire set t1C;1ti£nt irt 16H5"' · '7) :ttc r.tlt.m drE"'ftcri !'t1fi~.ll~.t1t'lns in cont1ect1rxn

'E~· tht~ end of the eigntt~entb Cf:'ntt:rry tiler~~, ,;ore ',':1l!ln1;:;t

n~~ *i>~""'"~"t"lt•••'~ *-'}'.,•<>tti':lcN .f,,...., "t·hrt- 6rM"l: <'·<9' r,·>if' <¥:i'"" -,, 'r)nt-r~h >'""•""'t· 't"l"''"~ii ^{•·• f'ti:,} ~ ^.. ""'"1)

v~... ,,.,~~"'';;. .. -... .~,"' ~ ':'"''~'"•"'>' "".:.~ '·'"';.; ""',.--<>:~' """" "'"~ ~.it; ~·toe 't"'u "-'dO" ct.-_'1,\;,;,i.,,"" ·.jc~u:)d;tiY•

lt ~,~,;tlld :~:;:-:~e~-1' th>£d; tlx:· 3l~x:ves 3~,t tne 1.~~e war~;: tre~~t.,

~ees!ittEltlY '>'oll. Va11 li\(:-bcr:ck CCttltX:mnt1 hlc!~r:l:f ~tl tn t'il~51:t clothi

'•7")'" ~,

and footi<E A trt .. "V't~ller .to tht:~ l"~~~;e 1n 173? W:Tt~te ttk{t tt~:e s;lt,~J~ ~:r::r

'·

trc,:.~;t~,,.. -e!.~tn

".!".~ ^•i ,"" ·,' g'l' ... - ,et··-" r;!:t ""i' 1u:~.;mity "i"• "" -- dllU ~ ,~ .,..,, ," -ti,lntxne, ... ' ---t'!~) ~ .. ^"' ~;:l"'r..w._j ^{£!' " 'L"-} ... "·"' ,oo ' . 'if.$" : ^~erj 'f..'!c ¹ⁿ -- - ^tlt~ ":>t'l

hec:l tll "itc;rre t~l!t.ced U!Ji:le:r ~11e!~ obse~~~1~1on in tt .. e C.otx;pfm.y•s . . fi.) ..

ho~it:':.:~l~-

st~al!tlillf;;~ trct trncnt ^* lRJl~flf$ t.~~n. t1Jl:1ed tb;Jt lt 'h'"ft~ a comfort for tile sl:t;;.WU tn ^k:llO'f! th:;-:t tb&y would t>l~·t::Xf$ be W'eloo;;Ie tat ^{at~r~r\d tbo} fJV~"mi.

at tile.J.r 11-w:~ in SHcttrity 111 th~ O(mc.tn:rry of the lod!~e~}

~'Y'>l'f ""'h ":"'iM< t· .,..,..~.,.r!!ll'lff>lill' -''r. t:~:-,.,.. f'.._..i!ii f)·. ~· -'{·~;t..,jgl . -r,._,,...,_ -bih'hcY'"~, . - lf~~·l:t:J~'~E~:~ ·,;~~;o:--;~,¥t~, '_: ~!.~"''- 'ltv· £_:.,~} ,_ .. ~-:.~tJ~f.

"*;r .. r··,~r;:t.a.~~;r;~j·. t :t3~ ~v,u.'V(-J.-~·- .. ·

tbe:r£:' from l'7Z3 tt"¥ 1?~11, thc.n.gh er1t1n:.:~l ot tnr; <!()n.t~iti.frns tmdnr

~ti1i{m tho Co~:Juy•· R :glt:..vcfl l~1b.."Surca~ ·S::~'oke -~.$'tr;11 ot tne r>~l:v::~tC'lY

trlO~.lfX• 110t .-~llo~~at tt' W~1rr !tht~O'$* ft"!r trie b~:.r-e fo:rct w~:,~ till~ !U.1~l!k

of' tftl~ ~lc:\vi!

. ·r·J"J.Cn tl'le l1trr1e lY;e~-me a t;rl tial1 'POgr:tes.'~l<.nt ~it t110 tu:tn

of tr£t ninet(ln1th eer:{tnrv, nlcc.vcry ¥-r~s rontirRtfd .•. ~mt:ll ~ot 73 of

'fJf l~~ w~::...r;: r..dO':'" "tt!tt by tt~,i' nr.i t1:ah ~rlrl! ~J'I\-;;nt. ~n·~l ell s11~~vt'tt Yare litter tEi~. it~ ^tt:.c nt~it!~Jl: ~~'f~ire!>

~r'hG ::Jl~~:v~:~ -r,;er~ th"!t:;•:rr:'ied. '·n ~rtlt1t,r:;r!cus dut,1e~!. ~l~

'W'O'lki.!"l in the ldl...'!lr:J:~ ~111ll'U:~ -rynttr:ri(1a .. , t1::ir1es"". '!rt~_tblt.1s, witlf~.,...

eell,~;rs~ l:uc::1ts:l ~.:nd ·b~i.ke:ry.. . tbme ~!U"e bt:Kikbindnr.~~ .. t~rrJ tb~~"t(lfu~rss

• ' - · ': · '- .. -- ~ ^{· ·} ~ · • '"""''"' . .•· -·- "'* · ""~· ^{.i' • · '·} ·~"- ^{, -:1 ..,'. . ·- • :} ~ ^{·· .,. ·} ~ ^{. · · il: --;} ~r• ^·· 1?)

athltr~ :nnl,,.~:d.e~i. sh1·-~ ;<t~l ~4'l:rk~ll ln. tbt~ g.~&.Jms ot tl~, ea~m,,:/llY~

·~"·n· _a~~ .. '.,. · tr ,..t 't:t~ ^tf-·.1~ -.)t.A;. ""r -.t.J..· ... ~~.a~:t..!\':··;.. ... ~ .;~·· ·n*·"' lf<•:t Y'.;t. il"<t# ·t'i>.n .ta~,-~ ··~-4-:~~.~~~~ i'!..,.."''l""" d-': '"~-:~-~ ^~¥~··• .. :f4~.-t'j\!f., ... ^{t· -~"+} Y ^1j. ~, Jl..-~-~~-~:-, ^{'t. ....} ,,.£"'"' .. ,.i; .nyt~:J;n""' ~~~ ~l;;~,.' .tt .. 1.:v...& .i/f.., ... ,._

th~1r 11'\."'libon~l on thr~ i<XJ,t'"k dorJ6 by. their sl.-."V~s, \'ho were tr~.:iru~~ · irl v::}:l"'ir>U~ tt":;ctea f~1 o~c'!ttJtt1<ins. ,~n'lf~!;l{~ tlm sl;~ve£~ ~tF~rt~ ~r~i:t.or~,.

· <'< '""'ty .. - - · "--... • ·· .... ~. ~"'·l ^{· ··· --·} n'*'- .... ~J ³ ) ^·"' ~ ^{·1· ' f i} """""~ ^{·· ·} "'~~"~ ^... ..;~ ^{.... .. ... ·} ·~t ... ~'iK' ^···

cou.e.~.,-..lf;;n, ~:!if~-,l.).r;.O ,,~.no. C::..;., .. r. :rt Jtf.~~ t:.t,. ~">ul """ v 1ouu:r.a; ^~ ""~ ~\>;, t::cS pe;,f ^~ s.

Tli,~re W'JJ'"f~ in::~t:Jl<ms: of sl-t~vns Pft'l;ll1ng ftiod ~mel t)the:r :;.l"ticles

on; 'holy , ~ all:l on s:1'bb21~tlm ~nd .in. ti·rtt v.rrj.'f oont:r._aVf'i.tleil the (i>.xist.

l:!!c',:s. ~hn~ ~:~ l"tKi..d or a sl~i,ve ff:iflO '"'t~ em Mgt*tle b_"'k. l~:ng~ <lrJ

~tr-.~t~tm 1f~ :r6ncl ;t;eg~?, ~J~ nn zlJ:n gocdf;:r6n :pnbl1:11lel1lk: by 1l1jtro~-

""-'" ' . "",..,, . ,-.a;-,;- ... iii ·t .,.,, ~t~:) ~ ^..

~-''"n h:~ ... r ut ~tcew.~.31 htl~.t • :Fft~u.~:lr:;; ~~l::;[V'C~i~ '~~u:tre Ust~\l as dO:t.lt;~ttc :ff~tv:--J:Its ,::nJ tl1crc tJl"e c::Jlas on rmx~rfl ot t~t:;~jle slr;;.ve~l .ar:ttne ^,M

~.;.rot.w;mll"tlCS;.. 5) ..

no ^{~i!Wh ~M} d.n.oo l1.Y the $l~~~Jn+~ tb~~t too t;t;}tt~ol'1t1es n:t

tir"'£;!~ e~~:roo!;ed th~; fa~r toct tt~ e~re!~';1ve u~e o:t' nlfiVe& in sklll -:UYl unukill~d ,ocr;;"~r-j;J.;:.;na ~tglxt t~:nl to mnke tre ^{?uro· ..} ~ean, int~;.bit_J

.of til(~ ~;;::;;~1U ^. .l~ ^{.. ey' r.:nd} ~~h~:::.~ ^t:r} ~,;ork W'i th thr~1r ^o;m ht;,,n£ts~)

. TlJe ~~(~Ct'!!1~lk'ttion ~,r:~h.i ett ^{'WJi.~ tc;, :pro~1uoo} tlw; ·~loured

Poo-,,:le OO:(e'r:.n 'C'-Jcrly ~}"1 th tftlJtm .. ~,, rr:~~xtl~rr rm;:l 11.'re,,e;Jtl?Z, bf~t"~~'{n

1656 ~is::tlttn ~'iS .gr::;rrt&J i:Y' tl1-e couno11 of :roltey to_ tb.e trei)

btttt;l.ter ~Jan flactu~leJt to 1~r:ry the :feto.:"le slave M~ri;t o.f ~:ll\g!!l •.

. AilOth(iir c:::rl.y re(}C}:r~led in.~t:.snce of ndnce{;cna:t-1r:>n oot~"eftn n "gumpt'F

$0ld1er tmd a. tcti1t!.le sl,r;.ve uu:tt;a from ltifjO. In tlle cr;urt c9..So tim·

to1'1o'i!tii., tt ^··WD$ pointed ont 'th6tt ~noub1nsgu wa expressly for- bidden ;n1 ·tile ooldier -~as sevt~rt:1y puru.shed~)

Ttw :ttr~~'t anth.Cl'tt1c c~l!n ot 1ntet-~1'"1:{l::e \lf.}t~u .. 'an lf:ll.ttlne;:'Jl ~® Hottt'ntot oo:;Jtrr<n ^.in .,.J::mt.:t of t'hn yer~ :U~)tt ~;then th.fJ

e:x:~11or~ .~)~f~ter V::J:l r~e~~~10f ~roan'1:at a Hottentot l;rtimatl ~~v~., fft.o b~~l

'bt!tll b:rt:'Jnght up .tn 'he :'re~ltlr:nce of tpe rrovHrrUJr of tllr~ ~JP'J• J,;;;n

·>!(~,.. v->:ill ,., :rl, 1 f,~~n"!o..,K· "'·v ~ .. ~n

In l!.l76 A.:br~J~n't: van ntebef'~at. son at tlj;tt rounder of

t.~n·t··~ .,..p-¥*-c~'~<.-' ....,...,"""!"11io,..."'-~'-l •l•·"n:n ,..,""': '""'nl.""•t1~ ,.··tl~'.:·ht.<;<>· t...,••~ . ..-~-"·n 1•',,_...~,.-.c-..--n w<.~ ,_J. ,,.,~~ .-.:~':_>t'-•: ·~~.U;:,_~\,.;~..t.'-t~.~-1 i~~~;~v CW.Kt •t:""'··. {~, v .<o._!):l~:t~t_~~ .. ~·ilft?~~-·. ~--" -:-~~~_.."\.Jf.:.;-v~·- ·

sear~~n !?t1tl f<~l1l!':le ~lt,ws,._ ~~i\en ooaie t~:o llnl'ldred '~-~n~l .fi.fty· al~;:vtla.

~~-re lr:.n.ica ^at. tim aa-e trotA 'tf<F1d~g~~"lear. ne ^{fotmJ. tn~~t} the tro~"le

al;:;VP.JJ d~r;~:rtea ·tfi tt:t t::.~e~;;.t l{it..~.Ata.t1on from: tt»J. s:.::llors tllld roon-

t.1oncd th;.~:-t tb.e 'S},...yr~ 1,/0mfllllE~fi OO~tO'Wad thnl'.r f·:tVtRtt'$ nton tJ.ae

se~~:;·· rl)

SE,1U!ntt.:t:ntl't ~illd ~:,ightefnth cmt;..r1es ^:J rood ch11 \.i'fr1tl of vr:=ryine :hue f~~ ^OOltltl!' ·OOUl:J 00 ft1~Wl ^{at t11G} carte~) l~aJ'.t·l•:~\(~ t;f~t~:enn ^·sl::;;ve

6YiA ~ .• , •• ,.-.--.,, ··~·."fl> -t..Yi~t~ tAl.A:-·,+~.:t ""'flrl. -tn ;!'f.._..~, '*'~. ~~ f""l,>ri.-"'it9. 'li'lr<..~ "~H,. 't-..4ioc "'•l

""""'~.J: \;o\.uv~· \:;""""'"' """~ v· -...,..,~::i<l<v\"' <;;M<t.i .;~. , ·.,...:t..·L .• · ·v~":.;;...,..,., ^Q <Mi,..l'~li 11'~" u.,... ~."\<C .. ,.

~~I 11vc~i :proml3!.?"t~!)J.tsly wl tb f:n etrJ.t::ncl1}ated t.rur£.~lf; al~.w ·:-«Jt.tl{,t: oo

17itoblb1tml fro.:r1o ~:ry111(~ ^.3fl:Y' ~{T~r~ o:tlt~r ^tka.! t1~1s (~lietltd.nll

It ;;:as. hcnrever., t!i'lm.ts ;1ont)r v;:Jl :Hbe~de~ ~~llO;t ):jJile Vi~J!ti~~f; the rt~e in 16H5" go:vo serl:;.YIS g:ttenti()ll tf) tb1~ f!i.~J!tt~:tt ::._

dee11Ied t<;} ~};r'Oh1b1 t lrat'lf;,eea oot~:e;:;n. Jt;1l!"'::~~C,'~tlS -~n\l tmlftD(!l!l~tt:~f a

'f"l~Yfi .:.f*""'1 a,.. •~.,.,.?x:th 1-._a hr.atl "''~ ,..,;:;.-..tr:ot,i-':''-~ t~ m"'~~"~l,r:l:\'d: ^{'t ..} ~•i.·'f~6n _..,.,, '-~ ~~t~ ~·~*'~~ w:.~-,-~~1ol--~ .i$1;,* ~;4-.,~~. ~A\,;r UVJ""-,!! '-" ~ ,,_·-~_J; (.-1 '~ -1' ~·;:..;~,:~;.'"~;r..p \JtJ~., '-'~'

~ .. ----, • o-·,.,.. ~•w..-.· ·,n.fl el' ·'i:J'z=~ ~~-J.t.o'i">., t•"'~'-"" ;;,~~;n~ .,._1r<a .xt,~*·"·-An:""•·-- .. A'# 't'l',·t·w~··tt:~·"rn

;r:J~l!~-)~--:~~ ii_~ii:l t~~~~, 9~- -.tt.,,.,~ l!v;~~-~:.i~ ~~~~-A;; -~~£~.-·~~-#" «J,J,i~\)" UI~:;~~.~r:~G<J.:;tttJo ~~~ ,'(;_·~~ ~·i\_);--.:~~j'~ ... -•

f~.t1ters... ·v~m rm~.ede oontf±'.nflod: .. Het TrtJtt{>Je:n vni't Ol'L~e lfefi.erl::.:Jltie:ra

r:J\n vrla gf:b~aek.te !llr:~:vlr.non* ooet wr'oo~i~n ·~<rerdanJ dog tr«::ft dogte~s

v;m ~1nit3t:Jd!ID Vader& tt1Jt slttvtnnm't t,(~tJOoren,. onder C'orM.11t1e:~

lJOV~'n breet1er tlljtg.edl'uekt ^t1;;:J. g~;cK;.rloft sljn, ro1t~ dr~t de t~..n t!i' :gae-d. v~Jl lecwn. hetil;'P.nr..le ~-~f;leeg€nthr~1ld ;;,J1Jn wotr,ff en k1nd~rf'!'n

bnijt({n dit;nrtt ~~l lr~,~~t ve~;;n il.e t:on;tlattnie te moogt.'~ll voed.:\_n. vm"'c.nt)'jr uen eor«,:~:-:.:num:tr en :rood :.:ntllt~~n :t(;t)te.n be!30:rgt ai,;tnlf oo :m6!~(1e tletlSt;:l uoo '!lmfe:ss1e Will omJe Nellg1~! ^it

fl:i'k""'"t<ffl. ~J..ti.Jt~ ~A\~4:o,;.l.;,_.,__,,:::~~ IJ\~- :1'\-.,...,~<~ t',t·_ll!ltY :~-."-"t"'.r""t,... ·~~~--·-:··e'"·,...t!<!' .. ~~~-~.U ·~_}\c~'-' ---'"',..,.,,..;.l_,_(! .-t ~~'.:..t 1\-~'!!L.r,~.~-...-. ~~W..'t __ \\-n ,_,·~-- ,..._1•_·'M_ ... -;E_•- .• ~. •_~ ^{<.• __} ,_lh_ '_._ . ...,h. Q' -J..I.V

ve't'e r,z:m. a fr~1r ~t"tniltt} of tlle{"~tttm~~~tw oc~:ttr'red btrtt:man Vi!:~iti!~i:

solr~it!t'S r:>m s:·~f.lore of ·differ-ent nat1t'Jll!'tli t1~~ rxrui ~tc~ve wo~.

r.~ven ·t!m soldiers at tl1.e t1r::,_~.rtle 6nti SOI't~ of the- ~t;;rJliE':•nts t1t the Cape ba;~~ t;Jatte tlt\:;ti';;J-elvetJ gll11ty £!f t~tll t-mrtB ot 1,nq~ttl'::r-1.t1cs ~;:.il.tb

;Jl~vt~ ~:iiJ::x:Bl., ln ^1?23 sE:tJ.lors s:noke ''r tf'~ ^good tit~ ^t.hey Q)ul:~ ^. .!t:im~ ^{r;it tite} 11t~ ^{'lr1th black} }:1\'.'l;r~.,nJ Pl*<1V1d~l ^they l'~d ^ttie ~nEr;! ³ )

Vnrlo:1l!l :rcgu1n.t1ona ~m:re -prot-ndgated frtl!~i tl~c;r.z tt:l ti~

'})l._-.t .· _J •i>~._·~ ~A*V: ~~2]~_. ".". .P.'t!tt. _ ;;.>-n¥f1t-.1. ^{-to ..} \..!'<•. ._ ~&1 ::;F~-"Vlt&i#.4 ·~~;Llt;~ .. __ ,;'t~-V.;,,U l"o8· 1'1'f"f'l'k<41o,..~ f:t""'t:i'· 't':>+~-.·>>l!'>•;;¥i<,... .#'*".~·- .. ·."'J."!"':"f .L:!~V-;-~~ Vc!l.;-'"'-'-·~~;l,f&:t,"'(":,:_;:. ,..,.;t •;.cit .,.t'l''W' ^.i;i't;;n W.l~ ,..~- if"l:o>'IW<I; -.. :,,-Y~~e

toci{;:e"' 'T:lln~ m l~ottHr:t:lJer- 1116. it waa oruHl"t~d th::-:.t: ^~:z.oo et' des ~;Vtmtl

ott.le-r bot ^tiOfltt der Vir.:~lte; gtlvtt&ten n.ogte wotde.n e~nirn 1;:tux~~"te~men, deZt~lvt~ t.tijt de loglt:~ te doen V{Jrtr~_;i;t;.ljn. en ilie Jtlet t,-o6t1lkt1d u:OOr- '111 t nt~t -rtillnn !Y:~~ 1n' arre:;;·t~ te- oo·,t:lt~n; door af r.r~;o-rt dQr:,nle

J"-)

""i':,r,. _{~.' -~} "fA _U.v 4--~'~_..~,;~,: ~'""~j'i;W ^{• .} Jl..., __ 1· {:\""'~~,'!l ...:t.\.i=·;·~~~ *'-" .

.r~a· ten :Y£~'/ts i;;.::tcr • tl1t~ ~t~:f.tnor1 tics tlf.1'Jin :to~ ¹ ll::.::tod r.eg~dz::t1un::1 tt> t.t-& :e.rsrect tirkt~ 1'fa~«td. bij dr){; off :tl::r:t 1n •n

. .

~~~tagn1e$ nl J"'rtK~lt#:4tier gewn1f:n ~·rrrrle:n,. ~~;;! ~onclor ttnd~JZttC!lt1vd

t ^{:tatl , '1 t H l)}

S f'OrJl:..yK tO+t~~.(l"tl .· .V!Cl"tlfJ'Jl··.,..

ot'U\l~entzul~ ·;rilJO ooJ,~~lined ti.t the G;;ipe trOJTh 11~~~ or

17~~~ t.:~ 1?;11 _. uooarlbt-::u thin ~1l"OID1se~KJ~ts _.... 1ntcroo1Clr:ae .... bt~t~:ee.n

solrt1er;.i-,ll ~.:1lors: ;;~ ft;ztrt:le nla,rcs*~) -i~:f'er.r1J¥:. ^{to ti¥3 vin:J. tltlf;}

~l·~~tlart~ ~met sc~lu1c;rs:¥ t"entzel oooervoa. ~ tolla'ca::- •\·.rJ:t.en flusneei

·t:itb 'JlOO t.bCHt1 YtJ'llnE~ f'\Ctl i$r;(l;,:Jl11Y ptJZt ~d. ttt fihc1r- ~(tt'a Cl;:t3h iU

"l'"'"'t """'~""' · l'IU"<.,.,..,, ^~~-; .... ~.:' i"'<.t~t n.nt-v·-t· .... ,.;t_,.""·""'t ;.""'. ·thti< #m!f•-.. .... .-~.nu• ~-.."" In~·..,,~ "~>·

'v; · ~~-_p~,·~-~~"~ ~'fi;;:AE~ 11 ,U\,]~~~~_:1~~(.?: ~~~- t..:~ ;w .-:~· ·J~A~~:\d-~~:}~ , u,·i "_J:_t.v, ~uJ; '?'~;a,- y·r!J,.. ..lt'-~~11_,~~,; _

on nmther cccMlliort xu,~ ~rrote:- ~nte l~:d:K!nl' re:~tU.re~t:tJnt.:

~"<:l't~ > W\•tntj·: ~Y'$ 1 tully :c!f.::t tbrut~1~~ tm~, nrt ^tur: >1 tnere;:::.~e ;uz;xmt; tt~

nln'VE::.~,., ¥ft\ay lrord togt.ltlre:r _.,. lt~~e ~m:b:~:-lS 1 t;n(!

t~rvo, r~, h1tiilt}r £:~"Jr~~l tl(.~~e. ~c;n:ilo ~lr,vn£f ere cl~n:~y.s razl;:ty to ot:rer ~~l~~ir bOdies 1\1:t ^.&

t:r1tlt:!l .~.:ll-<1 tcr;:;¥~~~m evenlngl" one con se\1 a string tJf cvltitt~rs atKl

~·,;.'.11 or~ ente:r1tJt: tl:R~~ lo(J'g<f \•;.ne:re tile.y .m1a-f:P',ent!: t~:'ili' ti!-re 11ntll

l">L~tt1n £n tllf& 1a?1ge. "11lt~ rro!'!lpriDY' doe~ Uf:ltt,1flft~ to ·~Irevc:nt th1S

~)mmscrKJm!, interconrue,t' gtnoo, for cme tb1r~" 1t ttm~is to r~Jlt1:;:;1~

tllfj ~lt:vt; po~'~lil~tt1on" und dt.:mu tr.~rtJy tvi t'i1 the necOS31 ty of 1tJ~:.t'f:r·ti.t;i

#"tiit..,._,~io il.'<c·l,..._Wd>H ,-.~~wl'!ll!'i. ""'·"""' ~ ••. .,_.""""' t';ji~'\'~H,:w>•-41 4; .,,~·'1<•-t¥ .n . ., tL 4 .-. ..,. ,;·.·--'. t ,.~.<'!!. .l.,..--w ·t~~,.d ..&..~c,;.,.d: iP r:.:.l!''\J'"""' ~.,f.i,;&CQ~ VA . .S..\J;~ t}•~ . .r-~'7-'lo,~:'f!<~l.!t ... i>.t '"""· H,~;o .~:ii1t,.;:;s.X "'.h.~ ~.J;Q..,, r..~;;:

d~;!Jti,bters: foll<.n .. i ·tt.::r::1T :m)ther·*{l fo~~;.tS't~_;pg) llcv:B' !\l"Cduce(i a h<::tlf-e,::;

po~:nl::~~tlon- tt u:.e:rrtlz~ ol~1s:::: • but ~ r~lif;:t~t sh~:~d~ ti'-irkar t11~al oon:~

'""' . '*"l; \

·,.:tlr't;v~tr::JllS ... ·!