Examiner Course Manual
This document contains excerpts of applicable European legislation reproduced for the instruction of, and use by, aviation examiners.
There is no regular amendment service of the contents of this folder.
On Refresher Seminars and courses (Initial and Senior) part of the contents may be renewed.
No rights may be derived from this folder.
ISSUE 1 / MRT 2020
2 - 90
Contents
ORGANISATION ... 3
Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment ... 3
ILT / Aviation ... 4
National Expert Team and Standardisation Committees ... 5
KIWA NV ... 8
EASA regulations structure ... 9+10 EXAMINERS ... 11
Regulation (EC) No
2018/1139... 11
PART FCL ... 16
VARIOUS AMC-, GM-, ARA- ARTICLES ... 24
Senior Examiners ... 28
Examiners Quick Reference ... 28
EXAMS ... 33
Appendix 2...38
AMC2 FCL 1015 Examiner standardisation ... 38
Part FCL, Appendix 9 ... 40
ADMINISTRATION ... 46
Instructions for Flight Test Schedules ... 46
Subpart G, Instrument rating - IR ... 48
Subpart H, Class and Type Ratings ... 50
Informatieblad hernieuwde afgifte ... 56
Bijlage 1, procedure hernieuwde afgifte...
60Bijlage 2, procedure hernieuwde afgifte...
61Bijlage 3, procedure hernieuwde afgifte...
65Staatscourant...69
Appendix 8, cross-crediting IR ... 71
Various AMC-, GM-, ARA- articles ... 72
Diagram + examples revalidation/renewal ... 74
Invulinstructie brevet document ... 75
ADDITIONAL ... 82
ORO.FC.230, Recurrent training and checking ... 82
Language Proficiency Endorsement (LPE) ... 84
Protection of personal data ... 87
Insurance and Liability ... 87
Disagreement and complaints ... 87
New training standards for flying (DTO)... 88
Evaluation form ... 90
ORGANISATION
Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Water management is committed to improving quality of life, access and mobility in a clean, safe and sustainable environment. The Ministry strives to create an efficient network of roads, railways, waterways and airways, effective water management to protect against flooding, and improved air and water quality.
Organisation
Generally speaking, the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water management (I&M) consists of three sections:
policy, implementation and inspection. In the policy section, three Directorates-General are concerned with developing policy in the areas of mobility, water management, aviation and maritime affairs, spatial planning and the environment.
The Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat, RWS) ensures that policy is implemented. Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT) oversees compliance with statutory regulations by private individuals and companies. The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) gathers information on the weather, climate and seismology and performs research. The Directorate- General for Public Works and Water Management, Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT), the Netherlands Emissions Authority, the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the KNMI are agencies of the ministry.
Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT)
The Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT) ensures compliance with statutory regulations pertaining to sustainability and physical safety.
The ILT is organized into seven inspectorate domains, which adopt an integrated approach in their supervision wherever possible.
The inspectorate is led by Inspector-General Mr. J. van den Bos.
4 - 90
ILT / Aviation
The ILT/Aviation department is the Civil Aviation Authority for The Netherlands and is located in Amsterdam.
It consists of the following divisions:
- Compliance and inspections, - Licensing infrastructure - Licensing operations - Licensing technical - Analysis and development - Planning and service provision
The 'licensing operations' division is, amongst other things, responsible for the standardisation, certification and authorization of examiners.
ILT/Aviation
Civil Aviation Authority of The Netherlands
Visiting address: Kingsfordweg 1 www.ilent.nl
1043 GN, Amsterdam The Netherlands
Mail address: ILT | Postbus 16191
2500 BD Den Haag The Netherlands Inspector Exams:
Mr. M.H.J. van Wijngaarden (contact via secretariat)
Mr. R.J. Venema (contact via secretariat)
Secretariat
Mrs. L. Salomonsz 070-456 3129 Linda.salomonsz@ilent.nl
ILTdocumentmanagement@ilent.nl Application forms
Examiner AoC report forms postvakexaminatoren@ilent.nl Register for course or seminar
National Expert Team and Standardisation Committees
The purpose of this chapter is to explain the aim of the Std-Cie's within ILT and its composition.
Aim:
In order to ensure the availability of knowledge and experience on the subject of aviation exams to the government, the minister of Infrastructure and the Environment of The Netherlands has the possibility to install a National Expert Team Practical exams (NET-P).
The main task of this NET-P is to guard the standardisation and protection of the quality of skilltest and proficiency checks for pilots and airmen and also to provide the Minister with advice when asked for.
NET-P prepares advice to ILT concerning pending improvements, rules and/or regulations and procedures to be used during exams and checks. It also is the first contact for Examiners.
Composition:
The team consists of 3 subcommittees called Standardisation Committees. The three chairmen of these committees form the NET-P.
An Inspector of ILT has been nominated as Chairman of the NET-P.
The three subcommittees are:
1) STD-Cie MPA: Multi pilot airplanes: Consists of 8 senior TRE’s, all still working with major airlines in the Netherlands. All TRE's and SFE's resort under this committee. and Hef:
Helicopters. 4 Senior examiners responsible for helicopter issues.
2) STD-Cie CPL: Consists of 6 senior examiners from different Aviation Schools. Dealing with items related to Training facilities for Modular or Integrated Courses including IR and Instructional Courses.
3) STD-Cie GA: General Aviation: 6 Senior examiners dealing with issues of class rating aircraft, balloon, microlight, motorized gliding, SEP, historical/experimental Aviation, PPL in general.
6 - 90
The committees each convene 5 to 6 times per year. Every committee has a diversity of members
representing different aircraft types and fields of operation, covering the area of interest of the committee. All members are active pilot and examiner in their respective field.
Authorization of the members of the STD-Cies
A member of the STD-Cie acts as senior examiner on behalf of ILT. The senior examiner has the authority to perform AoC's for the issue, revalidation or renewal of examiner certificates.
The Committee as a whole and the members as individuals do not have the authority to make decisions towards third parties that would be binding for ILT.
Task of the STD-Cies:
The institution of the standardisation committees was done to contribute to the uniformity and professionalism of aviation-examiners within the respective areas.
This has been achieved by:
1) Supervising AoC's for the issue, revalidation or renewal of examiner certificates.
2) The teaching of initial and senior examiner courses and recurrent seminars for examiners.
3) Acting as an intermediary between examiners and ILT.
4) Giving advice regarding standardisation and the interpretation of legislation.
5) Guarding the quality of exams and in this way contributing to the safety of aviation.
During the years many answers to questions and decisions by the authority have been collected by the NET-P and put into a database of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's). These FAQ's still exist and are a valuable reference for all examiners in The Netherlands. The FAQ is regularly updated 2-3 times/year and has been adapted to EASA-FCL
Senior Examiners StdCie MPA
Dhr. R. Zwarteveen Voorzitter Dhr. F.C. van Vught
Dhr. H. Rinsema Dhr. J. Hofland Dhr. P. Nanninga Dhr. V.B.E. de Vos Dhr. R.J.H. Verhoeven
Dhr. I. Tol Plv. voorzitter
Dhr. J. van Osnabrugge
Senior Examiners HEF
Dhr. E.J. Feld Lid MPA Commissie Dhr. W. Brandsen
Dhr. H. van Lier
Dhr. D. van Boeyen
Senior Examiners StdCie GA
Dhr. D. Nederlof Voorzitter Dhr. E. Boshoff (GA)
Dhr. G.J.J. Hoogslag
Dhr. P.van der Meer (TMG) Dhr. M. de Haan (MLA)
Senior Examiners StdCie CPL
Dhr. L. Kirkels Voorzitter Mevr. J. van der Bie
Dhr. T. van Netten
Dhr. S. Postma
Dhr. J. Wierda
Dhr. M. Gerritsen
8 - 90
KIWA NV
In 2010 the Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate transferred a part of her licensing tasks to Kiwa NV. Kiwa NV is an international quality management company in Rijswijk, specialized in certification activities in a number of relevant market sectors like shipping, road transport and aviation.
Kiwa NV handles all the administration connected with flying licenses, instruction certificates and the associated processing of examination papers and reports.
The charges applied by Kiwa are determined in consultation with the government. Kiwa acts under the management responsibility of the Human Environment and Transport
Inspectorate (ILT).
Contact
Visiting address: Sir W. Churchill-laan 273, 2288 EA, Rijswijk (ZH) The Netherlands
Mail address: Postbus 4,
2280 AA, Rijswijk (ZH) The Netherlands
Telephone: 070 41 44 888
Fax: 070 41 44 889
E-mail : vergunningen@kiwa.nl
(stating; 'aviation')
internet: www.kiwaregister.nl
EASA regulations structure
OPBOUW PART-FCL FCL-, AMC-, GM numbers
Subpart A General requirements 001-070
Subpart B Light Aircraft Pilot License (LAPL) 100-140 Subpart C
Private Pilot License (PPL), 200-230
Sailplane Pilot License (SPL), Balloon Pilot License (BPL)
Subpart D Commercial Pilot License (CPL) 300-325
Subpart E Multi-crew Pilot License (MPL) 400-415
Subpart F Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL) 500-520
Subpart G Instrument Rating (IR) 600-625
Subpart H Class and Type Ratings 700-740
Subpart I Additional ratings 800-820
Subpart J Instructors 900-940
Subpart K Examiners 1000-1030
Numbering example:
Subpart K
Section 1 Common Requirements FCL.1005 FCL.1010 FCL.1015
Section 2 FE FCL.1005.FE FCL.1010.FE FCL.1015.FE
Section 3 TRE FCL.1005.TRE FCL.1010.TRE FCL.1015.TRE
etc.
EXAMINERS
BASIC REGULATIONS
REGULATION (EU) 2018/1139 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 4 July 2018
on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European
Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 CHAPTER I
PRINCIPLES Article 1
Subject matter and objectives 1.
1. The principal objective of this Regulation is to establish and maintain a high uniform level of civil aviation safety in the Union.
2. This Regulation further aims to:
(a) contribute to the wider Union aviation policy and to the improvement of the overall performance of the civil aviation sector;
(b) facilitate, in the fields covered by this Regulation, the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital, providing a level playing field for all actors in the internal aviation market, and improve the competitiveness of the Union's aviation industry;
(c) contribute to a high, uniform level of environmental protection;
(d) facilitate, in the fields covered by this Regulation, the movement of goods, services and personnel worldwide, by establishing appropriate cooperation with third countries and their aviation
authorities, and by promoting the mutual acceptance of certificates and other relevant documents;
(e) promote cost-efficiency, by, inter alia, avoiding duplication, and promoting effectiveness in
regulatory, certification and oversight processes as well as an efficient use of related resources at Union and national level;
(f) contribute, in the fields covered by this Regulation, to establishing and maintaining a high uniform level of civil aviation security;
(g) assist Member States, in the fields covered by this Regulation, in exercising their rights and fulfilling their obligations under the Chicago Convention, by ensuring a common interpretation and a uniform and timely implementation of its provisions, as appropriate;
(h) promote, worldwide, the views of the Union regarding civil aviation standards and civil aviation rules, by establishing appropriate cooperation with third countries and international organisations;
(i) promote research and innovation, inter alia, in regulatory, certification and oversight processes;
(j) promote, in the fields covered by this Regulation, technical and operational interoperability and the sharing of administrative best practices;
(k) support passenger confidence in a safe civil aviation.
3. The objectives set out in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be achieved by, inter alia:
(a) the preparation, adoption and uniform application of all necessary acts;
(b) the taking of measures to improve safety standards;
(c) ensuring that the declarations and certificates issued in accordance with this Regulation, and with the delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis thereof, are valid and recognised throughout the Union, without any additional requirements;
(d) the development, with the involvement of standardisation and other industry bodies, of detailed technical standards to be used as a means of compliance with this Regulation, and with the delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis thereof, where appropriate;
(e) the establishment of an independent European Union Aviation Safety Agency (the ‘Agency’);
(f) the uniform implementation of all necessary acts by the national competent authorities and the Agency, within their respective areas of responsibility;
(g) the gathering, analysis and exchange of information to support evidence-based decision making;
(h) the undertaking of awareness and promotion initiatives, including training, communication and dissemination of relevant information..
Article 2 Scope (excerpts)
1. This Regulation shall apply to:
(a) The design and production of products, parts and equipment to control aircraft remotely by a natural or legal person under the oversight of the Agency or a Member State, to the extent not covered by point (b);
(b) The design, production, maintenance and operation of aircraft, as well as their engines, propellers, parts, noninstalled equipment and equipment to control aircraft remotely, where the aircraft is or will be:
(i) registered in a Member State, unless and to the extent that the Member State has transferred its responsibilities pursuant to the Chicago Convention to a third country and the aircraft is operated by a third country aircraft operator;
(ii) registered in a third country and operated by an aircraft operator established, residing or with a principal place of business in the territory to which the Treaties apply;
(iii) an unmanned aircraft, that is registered neither in a Member State nor in a third country and that is operated within the territory to which the Treaties apply by an aircraft operator
established, residing or with a principal place of business within that territory;
(c) the operation of aircraft into, within, or out of the territory to which the Treaties apply by a third country aircraft operator;
(d) the design, production, maintenance and operation of safety-related aerodrome equipment used or intended for use at the aerodromes referred to in point (e) and the provision of groundhandling services and AMS at those aerodromes;
(e) the design, maintenance and operation of aerodromes, including the safety-related equipment used at those aerodromes, located in the territory to which the Treaties apply, which:
(i) are open to public use;
(ii) serve commercial air transport; and
(iii) have a paved instrument runway of 800 metres or more, or exclusively serve helicopters using instrument approach or departure procedures;
(f) without prejudice to Union and national law on environment and land-use planning, the safeguarding of surroundings of the aerodromes referred to in point (e);
(g) the provision of ATM/ANS in the Single European Sky airspace, and the design, production, maintenance and operation of systems and constituents used in the provision of those ATM/ANS;
(h) without prejudice to Regulation (EC) No 551/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1) and the responsibilities of Member States with regard to airspace under their jurisdiction, the design of airspace structures in the Single European Sky airspace.
2. This Regulation shall also apply to the personnel and organisations involved in the activities referred to in paragraph 1.
3. This Regulation shall not apply to:
(a) aircraft, and their engines, propellers, parts, non-installed equipment and equipment to control aircraft remotely, while carrying out military, customs, police, search and rescue, firefighting, border control, coastguard or similar activities or services under the control and responsibility of a Member State, undertaken in the public interest by or on behalf of a body vested with the powers of a public authority, and the personnel and organisations involved in the activities and services performed by those aircraft;
(b) aerodromes or parts thereof, as well as equipment, personnel and organisations, that are controlled and operated by the military;
(c) ATM/ANS, including systems and constituents, personnel and organisations, that are provided or made available by the military;
(d) the design, production, maintenance and operation of aircraft the operation of which involves low risk for aviation safety, as listed in Annex I, and to the personnel and organisations involved therein, unless the aircraft has been issued, or has been deemed to have been issued, with a certificate in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 216/2008...
The Member State which has taken an exemption decision pursuant to paragraph 8 shall, without delay, notify the Commission and the Agency of that decision and provide them with all relevant information, and in particular the date from which the that
decision applies and the category of aircraft that it concerns.
A Member State may decide to modify or revoke an exemption decision that it has taken pursuant to paragraph 8. In such cases, it shall without delay inform the Commission and the Agency thereof.
The Agency shall include in the repository referred to in Article 74 all of the decisions of the Member States that have been notified pursuant to this paragraph.
An exemption decision taken by a Member State pursuant to paragraph 8 shall also apply to the organisations and personnel involved in the design, production,
maintenance and operation activities to which that decision applies.
Article 3 Definitions (excerpts)
(a) ‘certification’ means any form of recognition in accordance with this Regulation, based on an appropriate assessment, that a legal or natural person, product, part, non-installed
equipment, equipment to control unmanned aircraft remotely, aerodrome, safety-related aerodrome equipment, ATM/ANS system, ATM/ANS constituent or flight simulation training device complies with the applicable requirements of this Regulation and of the delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis thereof, through the issuance of a certificate attesting such compliance;
(b) ‘certificate’ means any certificate, approval, licence, authorisation, attestation or other document issued as the result of a certification attesting compliance with the
applicable requirements;;
Article 21 Pilots
1. Pilots shall be required to hold a pilot licence and a pilot medical certificate appropriate to the operation to be performed, except for situations in which, as a result of the adoption of implementing acts referred to in point (c)(i) of Article 23(1), taking into account the objectives and principles set out in Articles 1 and 4, and in particular the nature and risk of the activity concerned, such licences or
medical certificates are not required.
2. The pilot licence referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be issued upon application, when the applicant has demonstrated that he or she complies with the implementing acts referred to in Article 23
adopted to ensure compliance with the essential requirements referred to in Article 20.
3. The pilot medical certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be issued upon
application, when the applicant has demonstrated that he or she complies with the implementing acts referred to in Article 23 adopted to ensure compliance with the essential requirements referred to in Article 20.
4. The pilot licence and the pilot medical certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall specify the privileges granted to the pilot.
The pilot licence and pilot medical certificate may be amended to add or remove privileges, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (c) of Article 23(1).
5. The pilot licence or the pilot medical certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article may be limited, suspended or revoked when the holder no longer complies with the rules and procedures for issuing and maintaining a licence or a medical certificate in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (c) of Article 23(1).
6. Training and experience on aircraft not subject to this Regulation may be recognised for the purpose of obtaining the pilot licence referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, in accordance with the
implementing acts referred to in point (c)(iv) of Article 23(1).
Article 25
Flight simulation training devices
1. A certificate shall be required in respect of each flight simulation training device used for the training of pilots, except for situations in which, as a result of the adoption of implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1), taking into account the objectives and principles set out in Articles 1 and 4, and in particular the nature and risk of the activity concerned, such certificates are not required.
2. The certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be issued upon application, when the applicant has demonstrated that the applicant and the device comply with the implementing acts referred to in Article 27 adopted to ensure compliance with the essential requirements referred to in Article 20.
3. The certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall specify the functionalities of the device.
The certificate may be amended to reflect changes to those functionalities, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1).
4. The certificate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article may be limited, suspended or revoked when the holder or the device no longer complies with the rules and procedures for issuing and maintaining such certificate, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1).
5. Where the implementing acts referred to in Article 27 so provide, the organisation responsible for the operation of the flight simulation training device shall be required to declare the compliance of the device with the essential requirements referred in Article 20 and with the detailed specifications established in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (b) of Article 27(1).
Article 26
Instructors and examiners
1. Persons responsible for providing flight training, flight simulation training, or for assessing pilots' skills, as well as aero-medical examiners, shall be required to hold a certificate, except for situations in which, as a result of the adoption of implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1), taking into account the objectives and principles set out in Articles 1 and 4, and in particular the nature and risk of the activity concerned, such certificates are not required.
2. Taking into account the objectives and principles set out in Articles 1 and 4, and in particular the nature and risk of the activity concerned, persons responsible for providing cabin crew training or for assessing cabin crew skills may be required to hold a certificate, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1).
3. The certificates referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be issued upon application, when the applicant has demonstrated that he or she complies with the implementing acts referred to in Article 27 adopted to ensure compliance with the essential requirements referred to in Article 20.
4. The certificates referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall specify the privileges granted.
Those certificates may be amended to add or remove privileges, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1).
5. The certificates referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article may be limited, suspended or revoked when the holder no longer complies with the rules and procedures for issuing and maintaining such certificates, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in point (a) of Article 27(1).
Article 67
Validity and recognition of certificates and declarations
1. Certificates issued by the Agency or the national competent authorities, and declarations made by natural and legal persons in accordance with this Regulation and with the delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis thereof shall be subject exclusively to the rules, conditions and procedures laid down in this Regulation and national administrative requirements and shall be valid and recognised in all Member States, without further requirements or evaluation.
(Shortened.)
ANNEX I
PART FCL
SUBPART A, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (excerpts)
FCL.001 Competent authority
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be an authority designated by the Member State to whom a person applies for the issue of pilot licenses or associated ratings or certificates.
FCL.005 Scope
This Part establishes the requirements for the issue of pilot licenses and associated ratings and certificates and the conditions of their validity and use.
FCL.010 Definitions
For the purposes of this Part, the following definitions apply:
‘Aerobatic flight’ means an intentional manoeuvre involving an abrupt change in an aircraft’s attitude, an abnormal attitude, or abnormal acceleration, not necessary for normal flight or for instruction for licenses or ratings other than the aerobatic rating.
‘Aircraft’ means any machine which can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface.
‘Aeroplane’ means an engine-driven fixed-wing aircraft heavier than air which is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings.
‘Category of aircraft’ means a categorization of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics, for example, aeroplane, powered-lift, helicopter, airship, sailplane, free balloon.
‘Class of aeroplane’ means a categorizations of single-pilot aeroplanes not requiring a type rating.
‘Multi-pilot aircraft’:
for aeroplanes, it means aeroplanes certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots;
for helicopters, airships and powered-lift aircraft, it means the type of aircraft which is required to be operated with a co-pilot as specified in the flight manual or by the air operator certificate or equivalent document.
‘Proficiency check’ means the demonstration of skill to revalidate or renew ratings, and including such oral examination as may be required.
'Renewal', certificate has lapsed for the purpose of renewing the privileges of the rating or certificate for a further specified period consequent upon the fulfillment of specified requirements.
‘Revalidation’ (of, e.g. a rating or certificate) means the administrative action taken within the period of validity of a rating or certificate which allows the holder to continue to exercise the privileges of a rating or certificate for a further specified period consequent upon the fulfillment of specified requirements.
‘Skill test’ means the demonstration of skill for a license or rating issue, including such oral examination as may be required.
FCL.015 Application and issue of licenses, ratings and certificates
a) An application for the issue, revalidation or renewal of pilot licenses and associated ratings and certificates shall be submitted to the competent authority in a form and manner established by this authority. The application shall be accompanied by evidence that the applicant complies with the requirements for the issue, revalidation or renewal of the license or certificate as well as associated ratings or endorsements, established in this Part and Part- Medical.
b) Any limitation or extension of the privileges granted by a license, rating or certificate shall be endorsed in the license or certificate by the competent authority.
c) A person shall not hold at any time more than one license per category of aircraft issued in accordance with this Part.
d) An application for the issue of a license for another category of aircraft, or for the issue of further ratings or certificates, as well as an amendment, revalidation or renewal of those licenses, ratings or certificates shall be submitted to the competent authority which initially issued the pilot license, except when the pilot has requested a change of competent authority and a transfer of his licensing and medical records to that authority.
FCL.030 Practical skill test
a) Before a skill test for the issue of a license, rating or certificate is taken, the applicant shall have passed the required theoretical knowledge examination, except in the case of applicants undergoing a course of integrated flying training. In any case, the theoretical knowledge instruction shall always have been completed before the skill tests are taken.
b) Except for the issue of an airline transport pilot license, the applicant for a skill test shall be recommended for the test by the organisation/person responsible for the training, once the training is completed. The training records shall be made available to the examiner.
FCL.040 Exercise of the privileges of licenses
The exercise of the privileges granted by a license shall be dependent upon the validity of the ratings contained therein, if applicable, and of the medical certificate.
FCL.045 Obligation to carry and present documents
a) A valid license and a valid medical certificate shall always be carried by the pilot when exercising the privileges of the license.
b) The pilot shall also carry a personal identification document containing his/her photo.
c) A pilot or a student pilot shall without undue delay present his/her flight time record for inspection upon request by an authorized representative of a competent authority.
d) A student pilot shall carry on all solo cross-country flights evidence of the authorization required by FCL.020(a).
SUBPART K, EXAMINERS
SECTION 1 Common requirements
(shortened to aeroplanes and helicopters only)
FCL.1000 Examiner certificates
(a) General. Holders of an examiner certificate shall:
1) hold an equivalent license, rating or certificate to the ones for which they are authorized to conduct skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence and the privilege to instruct for them;
2) be qualified to act as PIC on the aircraft during a skill test, proficiency check or assessment of competence when conducted on the aircraft.
(b) Special conditions:
1) In the case of introduction of new aircraft in the Member States or in an operator’s fleet, when compliance with the requirements in this Subpart is not possible, the competent authority may issue a specific certificate giving privileges for the conduct of skill tests and proficiency checks. Such a certificate shall be limited to the skill tests and proficiency checks necessary for the introduction of the new type of aircraft and its validity shall not, in any case, exceed 1 year.
Holders of a certificate issued in accordance with (b)(1) who wish to apply for an examiner certificate shall comply with the prerequisites and revalidation requirements for that category of examiner.
(c) Examination outside the territory of the Member States:
1) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), in the case of skill tests and proficiency checks provided in an ATO located outside the territory of the Member States, the competent authority of the Member State may issue an examiner certificate to an applicant holding a pilot license issued by a third country in accordance with ICAO Annex 1, provided that the applicant:
(i) holds at least an equivalent license, rating, or certificate to the one for which they are authorized to conduct skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence, and in any case at least a CPL;
(ii) (ii) complies with the requirements established in this Subpart for the issue of the relevant examiner certificate; and
(iii) (iii) demonstrates to the competent authority an adequate level of knowledge of European aviation safety rules to be able to exercise examiner privileges in accordance with this Part.
2) (2) The certificate referred to in paragraph (1) shall be limited to providing skill tests and proficiency tests/checks:
(i) (i) outside the territory of the Member States; and
(ii) (ii) to pilots who have sufficient knowledge of the language in which the test/check is given.
FCL.1005 Limitation of privileges in case of vested interests Examiners shall not conduct:
(a) skill tests or assessments of competence of applicants for the issue of a license, rating or certificate:
1) to whom they have provided more than 25% of the required flight instruction for the license, rating or certificate for which the skill test or assessment of competence is being taken;
2) when they have been responsible for the recommendation for the skill test, in accordance with FCL.030(b);
(b) skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence whenever they feel that their objectivity may be affected.
FCL.1010 Prerequisites for examiners
Applicants for an examiner certificate shall demonstrate:
(a) relevant knowledge, background and appropriate experience related to the privileges of an examiner;
(b) that they have not been subject to any sanctions, including the suspension, limitation or revocation of any of their licenses, ratings or certificates issued in accordance with this Part, for non-compliance with the Basic Regulation and its Implementing Rules during the last 3 years.
FCL.1015 Examiner standardisation
(a) Applicants for an examiner certificate shall undertake a standardisation course provided by the competent authority or by an ATO and approved by the competent authority.
(b) The standardisation course shall consist of theoretical and practical instruction and shall include, at least:
1) the conduct of 2 skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competences for the licenses, ratings or certificates for which the applicant seeks the privilege to conduct tests and checks;
2) instruction on the applicable requirements in this part and the applicable air operations requirements, the conduct of skill tests, proficiency checks and assessments of competence, and their documentation and reporting;
3) a briefing on the national administrative procedures, requirements for protection of personal data, liability, accident insurance and fees.
4) a briefing on the need to review and apply the items in (3) when conducting skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence of an applicant for which the competent authority is not the same that issued the examiner’s certificate; and
5) an instruction on how to get access to these national procedures and requirements of other competent authorities when needed.
(c) Holders of an examiner certificate shall not conduct skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence of an applicant for which the competent authority is not the same that issued the examiner’s certificate, unless they have reviewed the latest available information containing the relevant national procedures of the applicant’s competent authority.
FCL.1020 Examiners assessment of competence
Applicants for an examiner certificate shall demonstrate their competence to an inspector from the competent authority or a senior examiner specifically authorized to do so by the competent authority responsible for the examiner’s certificate through the conduct of a skill test, proficiency check or assessment of competence in the examiner role for which privileges are sought, including briefing, conduct of the skill test, proficiency check or assessment of competence, and assessment of the person to whom the test, check or assessment is given, debriefing and recording documentation.
FCL.1025 Validity, revalidation and renewal of examiner certificates (a) Validity. An examiner certificate shall be valid for 3 years.
(b) Revalidation. An examiner certificate shall be revalidated when the holder has, during the validity period of the certificate:
1. conducted at least 2 skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence every year;
2. attended an examiner refresher seminar provided by the competent authority or by an ATO 3. and approved by the competent authority, during the last year of the validity period.
4. One of the skill tests or proficiency checks completed during the last year of the validity period in accordance with (1) shall have been assessed by an inspector from the competent authority or by a senior examiner specifically authorized to do so by the competent authority responsible for the examiner’s certificate.
5. When the applicant for the revalidation holds privileges for more than one category of examiner, combined revalidation of all examiner privileges may be achieved when the applicant complies with the requirements in (b)(1) and (2) and FCL.1020 for one of the categories of examiner certificate held, in agreement with the competent authority.
(c) Renewal. If the certificate has expired, applicants shall comply with the requirements of (b)(2) and FCL.1020 before they can resume the exercise of the privileges.
(d) An examiner certificate shall only be revalidated or renewed if the applicant demonstrates continued compliance with the requirements in FCL.1010 and FCL.1030.
FCL.1030 Conduct of skill tests, proficiency checks and assessments of competence
(a) When conducting skill tests, proficiency checks and assessments of competence, examiners shall:
1. ensure that communication with the applicant can be established without language barriers;
2. verify that the applicant complies with all the qualification, training and experience requirements in this Part for the issue, revalidation or renewal of the license, rating or certificate for which the skill test, proficiency check or assessment of competence is taken;
3. make the applicant aware of the consequences of providing incomplete, inaccurate or false information related to their training and flight experience.
(b) After completion of the skill test or proficiency check, the examiner shall:
1. inform the applicant of the result of the test. In the event of a partial pass or fail, the examiner shall inform the applicant that he/she may not exercise the privileges of the rating until a full pass has been obtained. The examiner shall detail any further training requirement and explain the applicant’s right of appeal;
2. in the event of a pass in a proficiency check or assessment of competence for revalidation or renewal, endorse the applicant’s license or certificate with the new expiry date of the rating or certificate, if specifically, authorized for that purpose by the competent authority responsible for the applicant’s license;
3. provide the applicant with a signed report of the skill test or proficiency check and submit without delay copies of the report to the competent authority responsible for the applicant’s license, and to the competent authority that issued the examiner certificate.
The report shall include:
i. a declaration that the examiner has received information from the applicant regarding his/her experience and instruction, and found that experience and instruction complying with the applicable requirements in this Part;
ii. confirmation that all the required manoeuvres and exercises have been completed, as well as information on the verbal theoretical knowledge examination, when applicable. If an item has been failed, the examiner shall record the reasons for this assessment;
iii. the result of the test, check or assessment of competence.
iv. a declaration that the examiner has reviewed and applied the national procedures and requirements of the applicant’s competent authority if the competent authority responsible for the applicant’s license is not the same that issued the examiner’s certificate.
v. a copy of the examiner’s certificate containing the scope of his/her privileges as examiner in the case of skill tests, proficiency checks or assessments of competence of an applicant for which the competent authority is not the same that issued the examiner’s certificate.
(c) Examiners shall maintain records for 5 years with details of all skill tests, proficiency checks and assessments of competence performed and their results.
(d) Upon request by the competent authority responsible for the examiner certificate, or the competent authority responsible for the applicant’s license, examiners shall submit all records and reports, and any other information, as required for oversight activities.
SECTION 2
Specific requirements for flight examiners — FE
FCL. 1005.FE FE — Privileges and conditions
(a) FE(A). The privileges of an FE for aeroplanes are to conduct:
1. skill tests for the issue of the PPL(A) and skill tests and proficiency checks for associated single-pilot class and type ratings, except for single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes, provided that the examiner has completed at least 1 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes or TMGs, including at least 250 hours of flight instruction;
2. skill tests for the issue of the CPL(A) and skill tests and proficiency checks for the associated single-pilot class and type ratings, except for single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes, provided that the examiner has completed at least 2 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes or TMGs, including at least 250 hours of flight instruction;
3. skill tests and proficiency checks for the LAPL(A), provided that the examiner has completed at least 500 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes or TMGs, including at least 100 hours of flight instruction;
4. skill tests for the issue of a mountain rating, provided that the examiner has completed at least 500 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes or TMGs, including at least 500 take- offs and landings of flight instruction for the mountain rating.
5. proficiency checks for the revalidation and renewal of EIRs, provided that the FE has completed at least 1 500 hours as a pilot on aeroplanes and complies with the requirements in FCL.1010.IRE(a)(2).
(b) FE(H). The privileges of an FE for helicopters are to conduct:
1. skill tests for the issue of the PPL(H) and skill tests and proficiency checks for single-pilot single-engine helicopter type ratings entered in a PPL(H), provided that the examiner has completed 1 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on helicopters, including at least 250 hours of flight instruction;
2. skill tests for the issue of the CPL(H) and skill tests and proficiency checks for single-pilot single-engine helicopter type ratings entered in a CPL(H), provided the examiner has completed 2 000 hours of flight time as pilot on helicopters, including at least 250 hours of flight instruction;
3. skill tests and proficiency checks for single-pilot multi-engine helicopter type ratings entered in a PPL(H) or a CPL(H), provided the examiner has completed the requirements in (1) or (2), as applicable, and holds a CPL(H) or ATPL(H) and, when applicable, an IR(H);
4. skill tests and proficiency checks for the LAPL(H), provided that the examiner has completed at least 500 hours of flight time as a pilot on helicopters, including at least 150 hours of flight instruction.
FCL.1010.FE FE — Prerequisites
An applicant for an FE certificate shall hold: an FI certificate in the appropriate aircraft category.
SECTION 3
Specific requirements for type rating examiners — TRE FCL.1005.TRE TRE — Privileges and conditions
(a) TRE(A) and TRE(PL). The privileges of a TRE for aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft are to conduct:
1. skill tests for the initial issue of type ratings for aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft, as applicable;
2. proficiency checks for revalidation or renewal of type ratings, EIRs and IRs; (3) skill tests for ATPL(A) issue;
3. skill tests for MPL issue, provided that the examiner has complied with the requirements in 4. FCL.925;
5. (5) assessments of competence for the issue, revalidation or renewal of a TRI or SFI certificate in the applicable aircraft category, provided that the examiner has completed at least 3 years as a TRE.
(b) TRE(H). The privileges of a TRE(H) are to conduct:
1. skill tests and proficiency checks for the issue, revalidation or renewal of helicopter type ratings;
2. proficiency checks for the revalidation or renewal of IRs, or for the extension of the IR(H) from single-engine helicopters to multi-engine helicopters, provided the TRE(H) holds a valid IR(H);
3. skill tests for ATPL(H) issue;
4. assessments of competence for the issue, revalidation or renewal of a TRI(H) or SFI(H) 5. certificate, provided that the examiner has completed at least 3 years as a TRE.
FCL.1010.TRE TRE — Prerequisites
(a) TRE(A) and TRE(PL). Applicants for a TRE certificate for aeroplanes and powered-lift aircraft shall:
1. in the case of multi-pilot aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft, have completed 1 500 hours of flight time as a pilot of multi-pilot aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft, as applicable, of
2. which at least 500 hours shall be as PIC;
3. in the case of single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes, have completed 500 hours of flight time as a pilot of single-pilot aeroplanes, of which at least 200 hours shall be as PIC;
4. hold a CPL or ATPL and a TRI certificate for the applicable type;
5. for the initial issue of an TRE certificate, have completed at least 50 hours of flight instruction as a TRI, FI or SFI in the applicable type or an FSTD representing that type.
(b) TRE(H). Applicants for a TRE (H) certificate for helicopters shall:
1. hold a TRI(H) certificate or, in the case of single-pilot single-engine helicopters, a valid FI(H) certificate, for the applicable type;
2. for the initial issue of a TRE certificate, have completed 50 hours of flight instruction as a
3. in the case of multi-pilot helicopters, hold a CPL(H) or ATPL(H) and have completed 1 500 hours of flight as a pilot on multi-pilot helicopters, of which at least 500 hours shall be as PIC;
4. in the case of single-pilot multi-engine helicopters:
i. have completed 1 000 hours of flight as pilot on helicopters, of which at least 500 hours shall be as PIC;
ii. hold a CPL(H) or ATPL(H) and, when applicable, a valid IR(H);
5. in the case of single-pilot single-engine helicopters:
a. have completed 750 hours of flight as a pilot on helicopters, of which at least 500 hours b. shall be as PIC;hold a professional helicopter pilot license.
6. (Before the privileges of a TRE(H) are extended from single-pilot multi-engine to multi-pilot multi-engine privileges on the same type of helicopter, the holder shall have at least 100 hours in multi-pilot operations on this type.
7. In the case of applicants for the first multi-pilot multi-engine TRE certificate, the 1 500 hours of flight experience on multi-pilot helicopters required in (b)(3) may be considered to have been met if they have completed the 500 hours of flight time as PIC on a multi-pilot helicopter of the same type.
SECTION 4
Specific requirements for Class Rating Examiner — CRE FCL.1005.CRE CRE — Privileges
The privileges of a CRE are to conduct, for single-pilot aeroplanes, except for single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes:
(a) skill tests for the issue of class and type ratings;
(b) proficiency checks for:
(1) revalidation or renewal of class and type ratings;
(2) revalidation and renewal of IRs, provided that the CRE complies with the requirements in FCL.1010.IRE(a).
(3) revalidation and renewal of EIRs, provided that the CRE has completed at least 1 500 hours as a pilot on aeroplanes and complies with the requirements in FCL.1010.IRE(a)(2).
(c) skill tests for the extension of LAPL(A) privileges to another class or variant of aeroplane.
FCL.1010.CRE CRE — Prerequisites Applicants for a CRE certificate shall:
(a) hold a CPL(A), MPL(A) or ATPL(A) with single-pilot privileges or have held it and hold a PPL(A);
(b) hold a CRI certificate for the applicable class or type;
(c) have completed 500 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes.
SECTION 5
Specific requirements for Instrument Rating Examiner — IRE
FCL.1005.IRE IRE — Privileges
The privileges of the holder of an IRE certificate are to conduct skill tests for the issue, and proficiency checks for the revalidation or renewal of EIRs or IRs.
FCL.1010.IRE IRE — Prerequisites
(a) IRE(A). Applicants for an IRE certificate for aeroplanes shall hold an IRI(A) and have completed:
(1) 2 000 hours of flight time as a pilot of aeroplanes; and
(2) 450 hours of flight time under IFR, of which 250 hours shall be as an instructor.
(b) IRE(H). Applicants for an IRE certificate for helicopters shall hold an IRI(H) and have completed:
(1) 2 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on helicopters; and
(2) 300 hours of instrument flight time on helicopters, of which 200 hours shall be as an instructor.
SECTION 6
Specific requirements for Synthetic Flight Examiner — SFE FCL.1005.SFE SFE — Privileges and conditions
(a) SFE(A) and SFE(PL). The privileges of an SFE on aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft are to conduct in an FFS:
(1) skill tests and proficiency checks for the issue, revalidation or renewal of type ratings for multi-pilot aeroplanes or powered-lift aircraft, as applicable;
(2) proficiency checks for revalidation or renewal of IRs, provided that the SFE complies with the requirements in FCL.1010.IRE for the applicable aircraft category;
(3) skill tests for ATPL(A) issue;
(4) skill tests for MPL issue, provided that the examiner has complied with the requirements in FCL.925;
(5) assessments of competence for the issue, revalidation or renewal of an SFI certificate in the relevant aircraft category, provided that the examiner has completed at least 3 years as an SFE.
(b) SFE(H). The privileges of an SFE for helicopters are to conduct in an FFS:
(1) skill tests and proficiency checks for the issue, revalidation and renewal of type ratings; and (2) proficiency checks for the revalidation and renewal of IRs, provided that the SFE complies
with the requirements in FCL.1010.IRE(b);
(3) skill tests for ATPL(H) issue;
(4) skill tests and proficiency checks for the issue, revalidation or renewal of an SFI(H) certificate, provided that the examiner has completed at least 3 years as an SFE.
(b) SFE(H). The privileges of an SFE for helicopters are to conduct in an FFS:
FCL.1010.SFE SFE — Prerequisites
(a) SFE(A). Applicants for an SFE certificate for aeroplanes shall:
(1) hold or have held an ATPL(A), a class or type rating and an SFI(A) certificate for the applicable type of aeroplane;
(2) have at least 1 500 hours of flight time as a pilot on multi-pilot aeroplanes;
(3) for the initial issue of an SFE certificate, have completed at least 50 hours of synthetic flight instruction as an SFI(A) on the applicable type.
(b) SFE(H). Applicants for an SFE certificate for helicopters shall:
(1) hold or have held an ATPL(H), a type rating and an SFI(H) certificate for the applicable type of helicopter;
(2) have at least 1 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on multi-pilot helicopters;
(3) for the initial issue of an SFE certificate, have completed at least 50 hours of synthetic flight instruction as an SFI(H) on the applicable type.
SECTION 7
Specific requirements for the flight instructor examiner — FIE FCL.1005.FIE FIE — Privileges and conditions
(a) FIE(A). The privileges of an FIE on aeroplanes are to conduct assessments of competence for the issue, revalidation or renewal of certificates for FI(A), CRI(A), IRI(A) and TRI(A) on single- pilot aeroplanes, provided that the relevant instructor certificate is held.
(b) FIE(H). The privileges of an FIE on helicopters are to conduct assessments of competence for the issue, revalidation or renewal of certificates for FI(H), IRI(H) and TRI(H) on single-pilot helicopters, provided that the relevant instructor certificate is held.
FCL.1010.FIE FIE — Prerequisites
(a) FIE(A). Applicants for an FIE certificate for aeroplanes shall in case of applicants wishing to conduct assessments of competence:
(1) hold the relevant instructor certificate, as applicable;
(2) have completed 2 000 hours of flight time as a pilot on aeroplanes or TMGs; and (3) have at least 100 hours of flight time instructing applicants for an instructor certificate.
(b) FIE(H). Applicants for an FIE certificate for helicopters shall:
(1) hold the relevant instructor certificate, as applicable;
(2) have completed 2 000 hours of flight time as pilot on helicopters;
(3) have at least 100 hours of flight time instructing applicants for an instructor certificate. Various AMC-, GM-, ARA-articles Examiners
VARIOUS AMC-, GM-, ARA- ARTICLES
ARA.FCL.205 Monitoring of examiners
(a) The competent authority shall develop an oversight program to monitor the conduct and performance of examiners taking into account:
(1) the number of examiners it has certified; and
(2) the number of examiners certified by other competent authorities exercising their privileges within the territory where the competent authority exercises oversight.
(b) The competent authority shall maintain a list of examiners it has certified. The list shall state the privileges of the examiners and be published and kept updated by the competent authority.
(c) The competent authority shall develop procedures to designate examiners for the conduct of skill tests.
AMC1 FCL.1010 Prerequisites for examiners
When evaluating the applicant’s background, the competent authority should evaluate the personality and character of the applicant, and his/her cooperation with the competent authority. The competent authority may also take into account whether the applicant has been convicted of any relevant criminal or other offenses, taking into account national law and principles of non- discrimination.
AMC1 FCL.1015 Examiner standardisation GENERAL
(a) The competent authority may provide the course itself or through an arrangement with an ATO.
This arrangement should clearly state that the ATO is acting under the management system of the competent authority.
(b) The course should last:
(1) for the FE and FIE, at least 1 day, divided into theoretical and practical training;
(2) for other examiners, at least 3 days, divided into theoretical training (1 day) and practical training in an FFS conducting role played proficiency checks and skill tests (at least 2 days).
(c) The competent authority or the ATO should determine any further training required before presenting the candidate for the examiner assessment of competence.
(d) The training should comprise:
(1) Theoretical training covering at least:
(i) the contents of AMC2 FCL.1015 and the FEM;
(ii) Part-FCL and related AMCs and GM relevant to their duties;
(iii) operational requirements and related AMCs and GM relevant to their duties;
(iv) national requirements relevant to their examination duties;
(v) fundamentals of human performance and limitations relevant to flight examination;
(vi) fundamentals of evaluation relevant to applicant’s performance;
(vii) management system of ATO’s;
(viii) MCC, human performance and limitations, if applicable.
(2) Examiners should also be briefed on the protection requirements for personal data, liability, accident insurance and fees, as applicable in the member state concerned.
(3) All items above are the core knowledge requirements for an examiner and are recommended as the core course material. This core course may be studied before recommended examiner training is commenced. The core course may utilize any suitable training format.
(4) Practical training consisting of at least:
(i) knowledge and management of the test for which the certificate is to be sought. These are described in the relevant modules in the FEM;
(ii) knowledge of the administrative procedures pertaining to that test or check.
(5) For an initial examiner certificate, practical training should include the examination of the test profile sought, consisting of the conduct of at least two test or check profiles in the role of examiner (these two tests or checks profiles can be performed in the same simulator session), including briefing, conduct of the skill test and proficiency check, assessment of the applicant to whom the test or check is given, debriefing and recording or documentation under the supervision of an examiner of the appropriate category on the applicable type. This training is conducted in the aircraft if approval for testing or checking in the aircraft is required. If examiner privileges in FSTD’s are required, practical instruction in the use of FSTD(s) for testing or checking should also be completed.
(6) If examiner privileges are to include the conduct of proficiency checks for the revalidation or renewal of an instrument rating, practical instruction should include the conduct of at least four instrument check profiles in the role of examiner, including briefing, conduct of the skill test and proficiency check, assessment of the applicant to whom the test or check is given, debriefing and recording or documentation under the supervision of an examiner of the appropriate category on the applicable type. This training is conducted in the aircraft if approval for testing or checking in the aircraft is required. If examiner privileges in both FSTD and aircraft are required, at least one of the instrument check profiles should be conducted in an FSTD.
(7) For extension of an examiner certificate to further types (as required for TRE), further practical training on the new type may be required, consisting of the conduct of at least one test or check profile in the role of examiner on the new type, including briefing, conduct of the skill test and proficiency check, assessment of the applicant to whom the test or check is given, debriefing and recording or documentation under the supervision of an examiner of the appropriate category on the applicable type. A further examiner check on the new type may be required, which may be supervised by an inspector of the competent authority or a suitably authorized senior examiner.
GM1 FCL.1015 Examiner standardisation
(a) An examiner should plan per day not more than:
(1) three tests or checks relating to PPL, CPL, IR or class ratings;
(2) four tests or checks relating to LAPL, SPL or BPL; two tests or checks related to CPL, IR or ATPL;
(3) two assessments of competence related to instructor certificates;
(4) four tests or checks relating to SP type ratings.
(b) An examiner should plan at least 2 hours for a LAPL, SPL or BPL, 3 hours for a PPL, CPL, IR or class rating test or checks, and at least 4 hours for FI, CPL, IR, MPL, ATPL or MP type rating tests or checks, including pre-flight briefing and preparation, conduct of the test, check or assessment of competence, de-briefing, evaluation of the applicant and documentation.
(c) When planning the duration of a test, check or assessment of competence, the following values may be used as guidance:
(1) 45 minutes for a LAPL(B) or BPL and SP class ratings VFR only;
(2) 90 minutes for LAPL(A) or (H), PPL and CPL, including navigation section;
(3) 60 minutes for IR, FI and SP type or class ratings;
(4) 120 minutes for CPL, MPL, ATPL and MP type ratings.
(d) For the LAPL(S) and SPL test or check flight the flight time must be sufficient to allow that all the items in each test or check section can be fully completed. If not all the items can be completed in one flight, additional flights have to be done.
AMC1 FCL.1020 Examiners assessment of competence GENERAL
(a) The competent authority may nominate either one of its inspectors or a senior examiner to assess the competence of applicants for an examiner certificate.
DEFINITIONS (a) Definitions:
(1) ‘Inspector’: the inspector of the competent authority conducting the examiner competence assessment;
(2) ‘Examiner applicant’: the person seeking certification as an examiner;
(3) ‘Candidate’: the person being tested or checked by the examiner applicant. This person may be a pilot for whom the test or check would be required, or the inspector of the competent authority who is conducting the examiner certification acceptance test.
CONDUCT OF THE ASSESSMENT
(a) An inspector of the competent authority or a senior examiner will observe all examiner applicants conducting a test on a ‘candidate’ in an aircraft for which examiner certificate is sought. Items from the related training course and test or check schedule will be selected by the inspector for examination of the ‘candidate’ by the examiner applicant. Having agreed with the inspector the content of the test, the examiner applicant will be expected to manage the entire test. This will include briefing, the conduct of the flight, assessment and debriefing of the
‘candidate’. The inspector will discuss the assessment with the examiner applicant before the
‘candidate’ is debriefed and informed of the result.
BRIEFING THE ‘CANDIDATE’
(a) The ‘candidate’ should be given time and facilities to prepare for the test flight. The briefing should cover the following:
(1) the objective of the flight;
(2) licensing checks, as necessary;
(3) freedom for the ‘candidate’ to ask questions;
(4) operating procedures to be followed (for example operators manual);
(5) weather assessment;
(6) operating capacity of ‘candidate’ and examiner;
(7) aims to be identified by ‘candidate’;
(8) simulated weather assumptions (for example icing and cloud base);
(9) use of screens (if applicable);
(10) contents of exercise to be performed;
(11) agreed speed and handling parameters (for example V-speeds, bank angle, approach minima);
(12) use of R/T;
(13) respective roles of ‘candidate’ and examiner (for example during emergency);
(14) administrative procedures (for example submission of flight plan).
(b) The examiner applicant should maintain the necessary level of communication with the
‘candidate’. The following check details should be followed by the examiner applicant:
(1) involvement of examiner in a MP operating environment;
(2) the need to give the ‘candidate’ precise instructions;
(3) responsibility for safe conduct of the flight;
(4) intervention by examiner, when necessary;
(5) use of screens;
(6) liaison with ATC and the need for concise, easily understood intentions;
(7) prompting the ‘candidate’ about required sequence of events (for example following a go- around);
(8) keeping brief, factual and unobtrusive notes.
ASSESSMENT
(a) The examiner applicant should refer to the flight test tolerances given in the relevant skill test.
Attention should be paid to the following points:
(1) questions from the ‘candidate’;
(2) give results of the test and any sections failed;
(3) give reasons for failure.
DEBRIEFING
(a) The examiner applicant should demonstrate to the inspector the ability to conduct a fair, unbiased debriefing of the ‘candidate’ based on identifiable factual items. A balance between friendliness and firmness should be evident. The following points should be discussed with the
‘candidate’, at the applicant’s discretion:
(1) advise the candidate on how to avoid or correct mistakes;
(2) mention any other points of criticism noted;
(3) give any advice considered helpful.
RECORDING OR DOCUMENTATION
(a) The examiner applicant should demonstrate to the inspector the ability to complete the relevant records correctly. These records may be:
(1) the relevant test or check form;
(2) license entry;
(3) notification of failure form;
(4) relevant company forms where the examiner has privileges of conducting operator proficiency checks.
DEMONSTRATION OF THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE
(i) The examiner applicant should demonstrate to the inspector a satisfactory knowledge of the regulatory requirements associated with the function of an examiner.
