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X R p 2 = 13 2 ⎛⎝⎜⎞⎠⎟ kTR a R R 2 04

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  1   Quiz  14  Polymer  Properties  December  1,  2014  

 

Kalathi,  Kumar,  Rubinstein,  and  Grest  (Macromolecules  47  6925  (2014))  simulated  

polymer  chains  of  variable  flexibility  and  molar  mass  to  observe  the  transition  from  Rouse   to  entangled  dynamics.    The  figure  below  shows  the  behavior  of  the  correlation  function  for   chain  position  as  a  function  of  time  for  a  completely  flexible  chain  of  500  Rouse  units  of   variable  Rouse  mode,  p.    The  dashed  lines  are  fits  to  an  exponential  decay  function.  

 

               

Figure  a             Figure  b  

(Both  Figures  from  Kalathi,  Kumar,  Rubinstein,  and  Grest,  Macromolecules  47  6925  (2014))    

a)    Draw  a  cartoon  of  the  Rouse  model  and  give  equations  describing  the  spring  constant   and  friction  factor  for  the  Rouse  units.      

 

b)    Give  a  force  balance  (equation  of  motion,  or  Langevin  equation)  for  a  Rouse  unit,  and  a   proposed  function  that  can  be  used  as  a  solution  for  this  series  of  differential  equations.  

 

c)    Kalathi  et  al.  find  the  results  shown  in  Figure  a  from  their  simulation.    What  function   would  be  used  to  obtain  the  relaxation  time  from  this  figure?    How  do  you  expect  the   relaxation  time  to  change  as  a  function  of  p?    How  would  the  magnitude  of  the  Rouse   vibration,   Xp2 ,  change  with  p?  

 

d)    Figure  b  shows  τ1  as  a  function  of  N.    Explain  the  behavior  of  the  top  curve.      

 

e)    The  longest  relaxation  time  (except  for  p  =  0)  for  the  Rouse  model  is  given  by  

.    What  is  the  main  assumption  of  the  Rouse  model  that  is  inherent  to  this  

equation?    Does  this  equation  agree  with  the  figures  from  Kalathi  et  al.?    

τR= 1 3π2

ζR aR2

⎝⎜

⎠⎟

kT R04

(2)

  2   ANSWERS:  Quiz  14  Polymer  Properties  December  1,  2014  

  a)     kspr = 3kT

2nRl2; ζR=6πaRη0; τRR

kspr              

                b)            

c)     Xp

( )

t Xp

( )

0

Xp2 = exp −t

τp

⎝⎜

⎠⎟  

The  relaxation  time  is  longest  for  the  smallest  p.      

           

The  magnitude  is  largest  for  the  smallest  p.  

Xp2 = 2 3π2

R02 p2 = 2

2 Nl2

p2    

d)    At  low  N  we  expect  Rouse  behavior,  at  high  N  we  expect  to  observe  reptation.    The   Rouse  model  predicts          

     

The  reptation  model  predicts  that  τ ~ N3.    Experimentally  in  reptation  it  is  observed  that   τ ~ N3.4.    

 

e)    The  main  assumption  is  that  the  ratio  (ζR/aR2)  is  constant,  where  the  Rouse  relaxation   time  is  associated  with  the  first  mode  of  vibrations.    Figure  b  supports  this  assumption  for   small  N  since  R04  ~  N2.      

τ−1= bR ζR

2− 2cosδ

( )

= 4bζ R

R

sin2δ 2

ς

R

dz

l

dt = b

R

(z

l+1

− z

l

) + b

R

(z

l−1

− z

l

)

zl ~ exp − t

τ

⎛⎝⎜ ⎞

⎠⎟exp il

( ) δ

δp = π

NR −1

( )

p

τ

R

~ N

2

τR= 1

kT

2 ζR

aR2

⎝⎜

⎠⎟

kT R04

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