University of Groningen
‘BODICON’
Tritsaroli, Paraskevi
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Tijdschrift voor Mediterrane Archeologie
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2020
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Citation for published version (APA):
Tritsaroli, P. (2020). ‘BODICON’: BODIes of CONtact Identity negotiations and biocultural effects in the
Roman colonies of Macedonia, Greece. Tijdschrift voor Mediterrane Archeologie, 32(63), 52.
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‘BODICON’: BODIes of CONtact
Identity negotiations and biocultural effects in the Roman colonies of Macedonia, Greece
52
TMA 63 (2020)
Re Roman Empire was a remarkably diverse state, char-acterised by intensified interaction and increased mobil-ity among the various ethnic groups, who comprised the Imperial population. Since the beginning of the 20th cen-tury, much Roman archaeological and historical research developed under the concept of ‘Romanisation’, defined as a civilizing process whereby provincial elites adopted the symbols of Rome. Nowadays, the debate on ‘Romani-sation’ has become much more nuanced by incorporating post-colonialist approaches and by including people out-side elites. However, research still focuses mostly on ma-terial culture, while little attention has been paid to the actual protagonists: the humans.
At a time when bioarchaeologists are beginning to nar-rate the global experience of contact studies in the Old and New Worlds,1
Greece should be no exception. Ranks to its strategic location at the crossroads between the East and West, Greece maintained an extended network of Roman colonies. In 168 BC, the kingdom of Macedonia was the first Hellenistic state to become a Roman province. Material culture illustrates the official attitude towards Roman political authority; local communities had their own institutions, cults, and languages that continued to generate emblems of identity. At the same time, Roman citizenship could be extended to people who remained ethnically Macedonian and ‘culturally’ Greek, ensuring them the right to participate in public affairs. Ris ‘tri-ple belonging’ formed an essential characteristic of civic identity. On the other hand, colonists (e.g. military men, veterans, and citizens), mostly Romans of Italian origin, became gradually assimilated into their new cultural en-vironment. Ris interplay led to the fusion of Roman and local cultures and to a more unified society, which looked to the glorious Macedonian past with its Greek cultural aspirations in order to establish its present multi-layered identity.
But how well does material evidence elucidate the daily chores and challenges of people under Roman rule? Were people healthy? Was everyday life peaceful and comfort-able? What did they eat? What was their social status? What was their behaviour towards death and the dead? To answer these questions, BODICON examines the different ways identities of all social classes were negotiated and transformed under colonial regimes by investigating the biocultural effects of Roman colonization. Re material under study includes more than 150 burials and human skeletons from the necropolis of the Roman colony of Dion (first century BC to thirdcentury AD) in Macedonia. Re
analysis adopts a multifaceted bioarchaeological approach by combining a current theoretical reflection on cultural contact with demographic and palaeopathological data, bio distances, and palaeodietary reconstruction. In add-ition, the project integrates multiple lines of (funerary) archaeological, skeletal, biochemical and historical evi-dence in order to explore the variables that influenced the biological responses of the local community to con-tact with the Roman colonists over time. Going beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries, the outcomes of the project will be to first develop a novel interpretative, com-parative approach to the biological and cultural transfor-mations of contact and admixture of populations in Greek antiquity, and second to contribute to the understanding of modern human mobility.
Paraskevi (Voula) Tritsaroli is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie
post-doctoral fellow at the University of Groningen. She holds a PhD in bioarcheology from the Natural History Museum in Paris (2006). Her research focuses on the so-cial and cultural dimensions of mortuary practices in the Aegean through time and has been funded by the Amer-ican School of Classical Studies at Athens, UNESCO, the A.G. Leventis Foundation and Dumbarton Oaks. Contact: p.tritsaroli@rug.nl or voula_tritsaroli@hotmail.com.
Endnote
1 For example, see Murphy M.S. & Klauss, H. (eds.), Colonized bodies, worlds transformed: toward a global bioarchaeology of col onialism, University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
‘BODICON’: BODIes of CONtact
Identity negotiations and biocultural effects in the Roman colonies of Macedonia,
Greece
Postdoctoral project (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018 Marie Skłodowska-Curie, University of
Groningen), Paraskevi (Voula) Tritsaroli
Figure 1. Inhumation burial (detail) from the necropolis of Dion (figu-re Ephorate of Antiquities of Pieria, Hellenic Ministry of Cultu(figu-re and Sports).
