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that the boundaries put pressure on the Operating Sate (OS) is added textually with the term ‘gradient’ and A;GE! 9;G9B! BH?K! :HG! $+! dFIY! O?I95@D! OFG! :?! BH9LL?K! A;9O5G@:B=! -HGBG! A;9O5G@:B! 9;G! ?C! 5@:G;GB:D! B5@<G! :HGE! ;GY;GBG@:!:HG!5@:G;@9L!Y;GBBF;G!?@!:HG!$+!9@O!I9E!5@O5;G<:LE!NG!IG9BF;GO!9@O!<9@!HGLY!GhYL95@!:HG!;GB5L5G@<G! ?C! :HG! BEB:GI! KHG@! :HG! $+! 5B! L?<9:GO! 9:! 9! BYG<5C5<! Y?B5:5?@=! PHG@! 9! A;9O5G@:! 5B! L9;AG! 5:! ;GY;GBG@:B! BEB:GI! ;GB5L5G@<G!9A95@B:!Gh:G;@9L!YG;:F;N9:5?@BD!KH5LG!BH9LL?K@GBB!;GY;GBG@:B!N;5::LG@GBB=!-H5B!A;9O5G@:!<9@!NG!I9OG! GhYL5<5:! NE! 9OO5@A! 9! OGY:H! O5IG@B5?@! :?! #9BIFBBG@B! I?OGL! 9B! 5C! 5:! 5B! 45GKGO! C;?I! 9N?4G! 5@! 9! L9@OB<9YG! ?C! 49LLGEB! 9B! OGB<;5NGO! NE! P??OB! G:! 9L=! aV88^bD! KH?! ;GL9:GO! :HG! K?;M! ?C! P9LMG;! X! .?LL5@A! aV88_b! :?! :H9:! ?C! #9BIFBBG@!a6^^Ub. The slope (α) of the valley (see figure 1 section II) describes the internal force gradient or #GB5L5G@<G!&@A5@GG;5@A! 9B! <9LLGO! NE! P9LMG;D! 9<:5@A! ?@! :HG!$YG;9:5@A! +:9:G! a$+b! KH5LG! :HG! 4G<:?;!
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/! B9CG:E! #+! <9@! NG! OGC5@GO! KHG@! :HG! BL?YG! OG<;G9BG! 5B! L9;AG;! :H9@! 9! Y;GOGC5@GO! :H;GBH?LOD! -H;GBH?LO7#++D! 5@O5<9:5@A! :H9:! :HG! 5@:G;@9L! BEB:GI! 5B! NG<?I5@A! LGBB! ;GB5L5G@:! 9B! BGG@! 5@! 35AF;G67(((9=! PHG@! 9BBFI5@A! 9! I?@?:?@5<!CF@<:5?@D!:HG!change of the slope Δα+!<9@!NG!GB:5I9:GO!NE!:HG!<FIFL9:54G!KG5AH:GO!<H9@AGB!?C!:HG! CF@<:5?@!49;59NLGBm!
Δα+!p! ! J6+(Δ SPADs) + KV+(Δ yellow7Y9BB9AGBb! „! JZ+(Δ red79YY;?9<HGBb! „! J_+(Δ yellow7! ! 9YY;?9<HGBb! „! J,+(Δ BK5:<H7inhibits); Safety RS: Δα+!!•!-H;GBH?LO7#++!!•!!8!KHG;G!:HG!KG5AH:B!J6+D!JV+D!JZ+D!J_+D!J,+!9@O!-H;GBH?LO7#++!! @GGOB!CF;:HG;!GIY5;5<9L!5@4GB:5A9:5?@=!
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α;'p!C"(Driven km’s/km track, delays, km infrastructure withdrawal)!
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Δα"!p!!J6"(Δ driven km’s/km track) + KV"(Δ km infrastructure withdrawal) + KZ"(Δ delays)! Performance RS: Δα"!!•!-H;GBH?LO7#+"!!•!!8! -HG!OGL9E!IG9BF;GIG@:!5B!9!<?IYLGh!?@G!B:5LL!:?!NG!:9<MLGO!5@!:HG!9YY;?Y;59:G!<?@:Gh:=!-HG!KG5AH:B!J6"D!JV"D!JZ"! 9@O!-H;GBH?LO7#+"!@GGO!CF;:HG;!GIY5;5<9L!5@4GB:5A9:5?@!9B!KGLL=! 7[7' /"E]@"DH' -HG!I95@!O;54G;!C?;!I9@9A5@A!:HG!;95L!?YG;9:5?@!5B!:HG!Y;GY9;GO!L?A5B:5<!YL9@=!PHG@!@?!OG459:5?@!?<<F;B!C;?I! :H5B!YL9@D!:HG!BEB:GI!<9@!Y;9<:5<9LLE!NG!;F@!9F:?I9:5<9LLE!9@O!<9FBGB!K?;M!F@OG;7L?9O=!PHG@!OG459:5?@B!?<<F;D! :HG! YL9@! 5B! FYO9:GO! ?;! O5;G<:! <?II9@OB! :?! :HG! 5@C;9B:;F<:F;G! 9;G! GhG<F:GO=! -HG! K?;ML?9O!<9@! NG! GB:5I9:GO! :H;?FAH! :HGBG! IG9BF;9NLG! BEB:GI! 9<:545:5GB=! )GG;5@<h! aV88Zb! Y;?Y?BGO! 9! I?OGL! :?! IG9BF;G! :HG! K?;ML?9O! OF;5@A!?YG;9:5?@BD!9B!9!CF@<:5?@!?C!:H;GG!49;59NLGBm!:9BM!BK5:<HGBD!:9BM!:5IG!OF;9:5?@!9@O!:9BM!<?IYLGh5:E=!&9<H! ?C!:HG!9N?4G!BEB:GI!9<:545:5GB!<?FLO!NG!BGG@!9B!Y9;:!?C!9!:9BM!BGSFG@<G!Y;?45O5@A!:HG!Y?BB5N5L5:E!:?!<?F@:!:HG! :9BM! BK5:<HGB! 9@O! :9BM! OF;9:5?@=! %?IYLGh5:E! 5@! :H5B! I?OGL!5B! OGC5@GO! NE!#9BIFBBG@B! +#J7LG4GLB! a#9BIFBBG@D! 6^[Qb=!&9<H!<H9@AG!?C!:HG!YL9@!@GGOB!;G9B?@5@A!9@O!5B!9:!LG9B:!;FLG7N9BGO!NF:!I?B:LE!M@?KLGOAG!N9BGO=!-H5B! I?OGL5@A! I9MGB! 5:! Y?BB5NLG! :?! GB:5I9:G! :HG! K?;ML?9O! K5:H! 5@O5;G<:! IG9BF;GIG@:B! 9@O! <9@! NG! GhY;GBBGO! 9B! C?LL?KBm!
· α/'p!CPaYL9@!9O9Y:9:5?@BD!O5;G<:!9<:5?@B!?@!:HG!5@C;9bo!!
· ΔαP!p!!J6P(Δ plan adaptations) + KVP(Δ direct actions on the infra); ! · Workload RS: ΔαP!!•!-H;GBH?LO7#+P!!•!!8! -HG!K?;ML?9O!<H9@AG!<9@!NG!GB:5I9:GO!NE!:HG!<H9@AG!?C!YL9@!9O9Y:9:5?@B!9@O!:HG!@FING;!?C!9<:5?@B!?@!:HG! 5@C;9B:;F<:F;G=!-HG!K?;ML?9O!#+!<9@!NG!OGC5@GO!KHG@!:HG!BL?YG!OG<;G9BG!5B!L9;AG;!:H9@!9!Y;GOGC5@GO!:H;GBH?LOD! -H;GBH?LO7#+P=!-HG!KG5AH:GO!;GL9:5?@B!J6PD!JVP!9@O!-H;GBH?LO7#+P!@GGO!:?!NG!K?;MGO!?F:!GIY5;5<9LLE=!
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