Legenda
Opmerking 1: Alle uitspraken in de tabel tussen aanhalingstekens (“…”) zijn gedaan door leden van de regering van het Verenigd Koninkrijk in de House of Commons.
Opmerking 2: Debatten in de House of Commons kunnen worden geraadpleegd via https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/index.html
Opmerking 3: Er is een kleurensysteem gehanteerd om aan te duiden op welke wijze van betrokkenheid in het conflict in voormalig Joegoslavië door het VK de uitspraken betrekking hebben.
European Union Monitoring Mission Humanitaire hulp
Opleggen van sancties of embargo’s
Militair ingrijpen als onderdeel van een internationale vredesmissie.
Erkennen van deelrepublieken uit voormalig Joegoslavië die onafhankelijkheid nastreven
Transparantie Concertatie
Het verdedigen van gemeenschappelijke EU- standpunten en belangen HC Deb 01 November 1991 vol 198 cc118- 87 1189.36 am
“We have also provided a framework in which the parties can talk. Europe owes a debt to Lord Carrington for
undertaking, under no obligation, to chair that conference. He intends to persevere in that task, which makes a substantial
contribution, for which the House should be grateful.”.
“We have monitors from the European Twelve in
Yugoslavia and when, as has often happened, a ceasefire has been arranged, they have done their best to help it to stick.”.
“However, it is worth while continuing the monitor's efforts. Indeed, as one of the worries is that the southern republics might explode in the same way as Croatia, there is a point in having—as we now have—EC monitors in Bosnia-Herzegovina.”. HC Deb 01 November 1991 vol 198 cc118- 87 1189.36 am
“… about the recognition of states in Yugoslavia. That statement was made by Mr. De Michelis, who advocated recognition of all the republics who wanted that by the end of December. … he was speaking on behalf of the European
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Community and he was not propounding a policy that we have to follow. It is now increasingly clear that, at some stage, we shall probably recognise Croatia and Slovenia at least.”. HC Deb 01 November 1991 vol 198 cc118- 87 1189.36 am).
“… we now need to build up pressure on the parties to pass through those doors and use those facilities, to stop fighting and to come to realistic and effective negotiations. Last month in New York, the Security Council approved a mandatory arms embargo. This week, the Secretary-General's report shows that that has been breached and needs to be tightened.”.
“Significant meetings of the European Foreign Affairs Council and perhaps also of the Security Council of the United Nations will take place this week to consider how we can build up the pressures.”.
“… the time has come to suspend the Community's trade and co-operation agreement with Yugoslavia and, as the hon. Member for Inverness, Nairn and Lochaber (Sir R. Johnston) said, it is well worth while examining how an oil embargo would work. It would have to be mandatory and imposed by the United Nations—that is already clear—but its impact might differentiate to some extent between those who are willing to work for peace and those who are, so far, somewhat obdurate.”.
HC Deb 13 November 1991 vol 198 c542W
“The Twelve members of the European Community agreed an embargo on the supply of arms to Yugoslavia.”
“ These measures were reinforced by the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 713 on 25 September which placed a general and complete embargo on all deliveries of weapons and military equipment to Yugoslavia.”.
“Her Majesty's Government fully supported this
initiative… and revoked all export licences for weapons and military equipment to Yugoslavia…”
HC Deb 20 November 1991 vol 199 c197W
“On 8 November, we and our EC partners made clear our condemnation of the use of force by agreeing a number of economic measures against Yugoslavia.”
“We are now working towards a UN Security Council resolution imposing an embargo on the sale of oil to Yugoslavia.” HC Deb 21 November 1991 vol 199 cc289- 90W
“We are carefully monitoring the situation of Yugoslav refugees in Hungary.” “We have no aid programme for Hungary, although it is able to benefit from the know-how fund for eastern European countries.”.
“The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, to which we are also a major contributor, has set aside a budget this year of US$3.1 million for these refugees. The number of refugees is currently estimated at 35,000.”.
“…and have contributed via the European Community which has so far provided 360,000 ecu for refugee relief in Hungary to be distributed via the International Red Cross and non-governmental organisations.”.
HC Deb 18 December 1991 vol 201 cc260-3
“The Foreign Ministers (EC) agreed to recognise Yugoslav republics who meet certain conditions. The arbitration commission… will advise
“On 16 December we and our Community partners set out guidelines to inform our decisions on the recognition of new states in eastern
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whether republics meet those conditions.”
Europe and the Soviet Union.”.
“… for some time the question of recognising Yugoslav republics, especially Croatia and Slovenia, has not been a matter of principle—clearly they will not be willing to go back into any entity called Yugoslavia. Recognition has been a matter of timing and judgment…”.
HC Deb 18 December 1991 vol 201 cc260-3
“ It is very important that a peace-keeping force should not be sent to Yugoslavia until there is a peace to keep, and until it is clear that all the warring parties both invite and allow that peace-keeping force to operate. At the same time, the United Nations is clearly contemplating the
circumstances in which a peace-keeping force might be sent and I can well conceive of circumstances in which, in order to underpin a peace, a peace-keeping force should be in place.”.
HC Deb 17 February 1992 vol 204 c4W
“As for Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia, there remain important matters which require further discussion among EC partners before a similar step is taken.”
“We await the outcome of the referendum with interest and will discuss its implications with European Community partners before establishing a firm policy.”.
“We and our EC partners recognised Croatia and Slovenia on the basis of the report of the arbitration commission…”
HC Deb 20 February 1992 vol 204 c227W:
“The guidelines require that the state to be recognised should respect the United Nations charter; guarantee the rights of minorities; respect the inviolability of frontiers except by peaceful agreement; accept commitments on disarmament, non-proliferation, security and regional stability; and promise to settle by agreement
“We and our European partners are in regular contact about all aspects of Yugoslavia. These issues including the question of the referendum in Bosnia- Herzegovina were discussed most recently at a meeting of European Community Foreign Ministers on 17 February.”.
- Policy towards Bosnia-Herzegovina after its proposed referendum on 28 February.
“The policy will be based on the guidelines adopted by EC Ministers on 16 December 1991…”
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questions of state succession and regional disputes.”.
(HC Deb 28 February 1992 vol 204 c676W
“… the Government have taken account of its policy "Britain's Defence for the 90s".
“We are still discussing with the United Nations what form a United Kingdom contribution to the peacekeeping operation in Yugoslavia might take…”.
HC Deb 05 March 1992 vol 205 cc461-95
“… about the level of the United Kingdom contribution to the peacekeeping force. The answer is that we have not yet reached a conclusion.”.
“We are considering how we can help to provide support troops in the form of a
contribution by specialist troops in an area in which we have particular expertise. Exactly how we might respond will depend on further discussions with the United Nations secretariat and on the advance party which will arrive next week. There will be 20 British representatives in the advance party.”.
“…the United Kingdom Government, the European Community and the United Nations have a twin-track policy, the first element of which is to encourage the parties to participate in the negotiations under… The second track is that we strongly support the deployment of a peace keeping force.”
“It is absolutely essential that we all bend our collective efforts and wills to trying to protect the rights of minorities, and for those purposes, Serbian minorities in Croatia. That is a duty for us all. We must continue to impress upon President Tudjman the fact that, unless he agrees to do that and to comply with the requirements contained in chapter 2 of that draft treaty, he will find that relations with the European Community—and, indeed, with the rest of the world— are very much less cordial than he would otherwise wish them to be.”.
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HC Deb 05 March 1992 vol 205 cc461-95
“… we were very cautious about the process of
recognition of Croatia, because we believed that it would remove one of the sanctions on President Tudjman. For that reason, we pressed caution upon our colleagues within the Community between August of last year and January of this year.”.
“… However, by January of this year, it became plain that many states within the Community were determined to recognise Croatia. The right hon. Member for Blaenau Gwent suggested that the position by then had become inevitable. The right hon. Gentleman was right; it was inevitable. It was right to do it at that time, and we would have gained nothing by withholding our own recognition. On that matter I am extremely glad that the right hon. Gentleman supports the position of Her Majesty's Government.”. HC Deb 05
March 1992 vol 205 cc461-95
“The hon. Member for Swansea, East (Mr.
Anderson) suggested that we did not make sufficient use of financial leverage that the European Community had over Croatia, Serbia and the other republics. I do not think that that is correct. We have and have had financial leverage which we have used. Perhaps I might remind you, Mr. Deputy Speaker, that we suspended the trade
advantages that what was Yugoslavia had in its dealings with the European 489 Community. We reinstated them in so far as they related to republics which co-operated with the work of the United Nations and the European
Community, and we have, of course, future relations.”.
34 HC Deb 16 November 1992 vol 214 cc72- 113
“We can all agree that the overarching need is for a negotiated, political solution to the conflict. We cannot impose peace on Bosnia militarily—nor should we try; there is no military solution to the problem. The House is well aware of the continuing work of the international conference on the former Yugoslavia in Geneva, which is continuing to draw together the efforts of the European Community and the United Nations in close liaison, building on and following up the achievements of the London conference and bringing together the key leaders on whom all hopes of a settlement depend.”.
“Under its co-chairmen, Cyrus Vance and Lord Owen, the conference is pursuing a comprehensive programme of work aimed at helping the parties make progress towards a solution. That work must be made to succeed. Without a solution which the parties arrive at of their own free will, there will be no end to the tragedy that is Yugoslavia and no peace for the people of Bosnia.”.
HC Deb 16 November 1992 vol 214 cc72- 113
“First, and this is the product of the United Kingdom presidency, we are employing sanctions monitors in various adjoining countries. Secondly, and much more important, is the resolution being adopted today, which will deal with transhipment. There are two kinds of transhipment for these purposes—down the Danube, and through Serbia to other countries. Our purpose is to stop both and to enforce the provisions that will be contained in that regime. This will make a considerable difference to the availability of oil and petrol in Serbia. We shall come back to this if we deem it necessary because we must deny oil and petrol to the Serbian Government.”.
“The pressures brought to bear by sanctions will need to be increased further if Belgrade does not take action to halt and reverse the expansionist policies of the Bosnian Serbs in accordance with the
commitments made at the London conference. We shall ensure that this is kept firmly on the agenda.”.
“… the pressure on the Serbian economy is real, but that said, I accept that there has been a greater flow of oil and petrol into Serbia than we would wish. We are seeking to address that, in two ways.”.
“Sanctions are already having some effect. They are creating the most immense problems for the Serbian economy and will continue to do that.”.
“Much of the sanctions regime has been very successful. Serbian trade is down 40 per cent., industrial production is down 50 per cent., unemployment is up 60 per cent. and inflation is acute.”.
35 HC Deb 16 November 1992 vol 214 cc72- 113
“I shall refer to air strikes. However, the answer to my hon. Friend is that that would not have been right. If there had been strikes, the UN troops of whatever nationality would have been seen to be the enemy. We do not want that. We are not in the business of going to war with the Serbs. We are trying to do what we can to help with humanitarian relief. We do not want there to be a situation in which the only thing upon which the warring factions can agree is that the people in blue berets are the enemy and should be
ambushed and shot at at every available opportunity.”.
“We are also playing an active part, as president of the EC, in creating a European
Community task force for the former Yugoslavia, and have provided and paid for the head of the task force and three other key staff.”
“Britain is playing a leading role in international efforts to bring relief to the civilian populations. We have given our full support to the extension of the mandate of the UN protection force— UNPROFOR—in the former Yugoslavia so that the force can provide protective support for humanitarian convoys throughout Bosnia. As the House knows, a British battalion group has been deployed for that purpose. Together with battalions from France, Canada and Spain, and support units from the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, the United States of America and Portugal.”.