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University of Groningen

Detection of autism in childhood

van 't Hof, Maarten

DOI:

10.33612/diss.159007941

IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from

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Document Version

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Publication date:

2021

Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database

Citation for published version (APA):

van 't Hof, M. (2021). Detection of autism in childhood. Parnassia Groep.

https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.159007941

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DETECTION OF AUTISM IN CHILDHOOD

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The majority of the work presented in this thesis was conducted at Sarr Expert Centre for Autism, Lucertis (Youz) Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, in collaboration with the Parnassia Academy.

The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam in close collaboration with the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR), Rotterdam. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the children and parents, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives and pharmacies in Rotterdam. The general design of the Generation R is made possible by the Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport, and the Ministry of Youth and Families.

Financial support was generously provided by Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Parnassia Academy and Lucertis (Youz) Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Financial support for the publication of this thesis was provided by the Parnassia Academy.

Detection of autism in childhood

(Nederlandse vertaling: Signalering van autisme in de kindertijd) Maarten van ‘t Hof

Thesis University of Groningen, the Netherlands

ISBN: 978-90-77877-24-1

Uitgever: Parnassia Groep, Den Haag Lay-out: Judith Offringa-Rodenburg

Printing: Guus Gijben, www.proefschrift-aio.nl

© Maarten van ’t Hof, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands, 2021

All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission from the

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Detection of autism in childhood

Proefschrift

ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

op gezag van de

rector magnificus prof. dr. C. Wijmenga en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties.

De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op maandag 8 maart 2021 om 16.15 uur

door

Maarten van ‘t Hof

geboren op 14 augustus 1984

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Promotores Prof. dr. H.W. Hoek Prof. dr. P.W. Jansen Copromotor Dr. W.A. Ester Beoordelingscommissie Prof. dr. R.A. Schoevers Prof. dr. A.A. van Elburg Prof. dr. W.G. Staal

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Voor mijn opa en oma, Nico (1927-2018) en Erica (1925-2017) Elfferich ‘The important thing is not to stop questioning’ – Albert Einstein

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Table of contents

Chapter 1 ... 9

General introduction Chapter 2 ... 23

Age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2012 to 2019 Chapter 3 ... 61

Novel insights into autism knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes toward mental illness in Dutch youth and family center physicians Chapter 4 ... 91

Autism spectrum disorder alertness in Dutch youth and family center physicians: effects of a live online educational program Chapter 5 ... 113

Do early life eating habits predict later autistic traits? Results from a population-based study Chapter 6 ... 133

The sex-specific association between autistic traits and eating behavior in childhood: an exploratory study in the general population Chapter 7 ... 153 General discussion Addendum Samenvatting ... 181 Dankwoord ... 183 Over de auteur ... 187 Publications ... 188

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