University of Groningen
Polymer-templated chemical solution deposition of ferrimagnetic nanoarrays and multiferroic
nanocomposite thin films
Xu, Jin
DOI:10.33612/diss.131633681
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Publication date: 2020
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Xu, J. (2020). Polymer-templated chemical solution deposition of ferrimagnetic nanoarrays and multiferroic nanocomposite thin films. University of Groningen. https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.131633681
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Polymer-Templated Chemical Solution
Deposition of Ferrimagnetic Nanoarrays and
Multiferroic Nanocomposite Thin Films
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Ph.D. thesis series 2020-13 ISSN: 1570-1530
ISBN (printed version): 978-94-034-2867-3 ISBN (electronic version): 978-94-034-2868-0
The work described in this thesis was performed in the research group Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, and Nanostructures of Functional Oxides of the Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. This work was financially supported by the Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials.
Printed by: Ridderprint | www.ridderprint.nl Copyright © 2020 Jin Xu
Polymer-Templated Chemical Solution
Deposition of Ferrimagnetic Nanoarrays and
Multiferroic Nanocomposite Thin Films
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
op gezag van de
rector magnificus prof. dr. C. Wijmenga en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties.
De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op vrijdag 11 september 2020 om 11.00 uur
door
Jin Xu
geboren op 12 december 1989
te Gansu, China
Promotores
Prof. dr. K. Loos Prof. dr. B. NohedaBeoordelingscommissie
Prof. dr. M. A. Loi Prof. dr. G. Palasantzas Prof. dr. ir. J. E. ten ElshofContents
Chapter 1 Motivation and Outline
1
1.1 Applications of multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials 2
1.2 Motivation 3
1.3 Scope of this thesis 4
1.4 References 5
Chapter 2 Introduction
7
2.1 Multiferroics and magnetoelectrics 8
2.2 Fabrication of multiferroic thin-film heterostructures 10
2.2.1 Fabrication of 0-3 and 2-2 multiferroic thin-film heterostructures 11
2.2.2 Pulsed laser deposition of multiferroic 1-3 thin-film heterostructures 11
2.2.3 Chemical solution deposition of multiferroic 1-3 thin-film heterostructures 14
2.2.4 Other thin-film heterostructures 15
2.3 Polymer thin films as templates in chemical solution deposition of oxide
nanostructures 17
2.3.1 Patterning using block copolymers 18
2.3.2 Other polymer-based templating methods 20
2.4 Ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic measurement 22
2.4.1 Magnetic property measurement system (MPMS) 22
2.4.2 Magnetic force microscopy 25
2.5 Ferroelectric measurement 27
2.5.1 Macroscopic measurement 27
2.5.2 Piezoresponse force microscopy 30
2.6 Magnetoelectric measurement methods 35
2.6.1 Macroscopic measurement 35
2.7 Summary 39
2.8 References 40
Chapter 3 PS-b-PEO Templating of Ferrimagnetic Cobalt Ferrite
Nanodots
47
3.1 Introduction 48 3.2 Experimental 49 3.2.1 Materials 49 3.2.2 Sample preparation 49 3.2.3 Characterization 503.3 Results and discussion 53
3.3.1 PS-b-PEO template preparation 53
3.3.2 CFO nanodot fabrication 55
3.3.3 Structural analysis of CFO nanodots 61
3.3.4 Magnetic properties of the nanodots 66
3.4 Conclusions 68
3.5 References 68
Chapter 4 PS-b-P2VP Templating of Ferrimagnetic Cobalt Ferrite
Nanowires
71
4.1 Introduction 72 4.2 Experimental 73 4.2.1 Materials 73 4.2.2 Sample preparation 73 4.2.3 Characterization 744.3 Results and discussion 75
4.3.1 PS-b-P2VP template preparation and CFO nanowire fabrication 75
4.3.2 Structure of the CFO Nanowires 78
4.3.3 Magnetic properties of the nanowires 80
4.4 Conclusions 81
Chapter 5 Templating of Cobalt Ferrite Nanostructures Using
Imprinted Polymer Thin Films
83
5.1 Introduction 84
5.2 Experimental 85
5.2.1 Materials 85
5.2.2 PDMS stamp preparation 85
5.2.3 CFO nanostructure fabrication 86
5.2.4 CFO network fabrication 87
5.2.5 Characterization 87
5.3 Results and Discussion 88
5.3.1 PDMS stamp preparation 88
5.3.2 CFO nanostructure fabrication 89
5.3.3 Magnetic properties of the nanostructures 93
5.3.4 CFO network fabrication 95
5.4 Conclusions 96
5.5 References 97
Chapter 6 CFO/P(VDF-TrFE) Multiferroic Nanocomposites
99
6.1 Introduction 100
6.2 Experimental 101
6.2.1 Materials 101
6.2.2 Composite preparation 101
6.2.3 Ferroelectric capacitor fabrication 102
6.2.4 Characterization 103
6.3 Results and Discussion 104
6.3.1 Nanocomposite preparation 104
6.3.2 Multiferroic measurements 106
6.3.3 Magnetoelectric measurement 109
6.4 Conclusions 112
