Cover Page
The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/83484 holds various files of this Leiden
University dissertation.
Hot Nanoparticles
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van
de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden
op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker,
volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties
te verdedigen op donderdag 30 januari 2020
klokke 10.00 uur
door
Thomas Georg William Jollans
geboren te Starnberg (Duitsland)
Promotor: Prof. dr. M.A.G.J. Orrit Universiteit Leiden
Copromotor: Dr. M. Caldarola Technische Universiteit Delft
Promotiecommissie: Dr. G. Baffou Université d’Aix–Marseille
Prof. dr. E.R. Eliel Universiteit Leiden
Prof. dr. M.P. van Exter Universiteit Leiden Dr. D.J. Kraft Universiteit Leiden
Prof. dr. L. Kuipers Technische Universiteit Delft
Casimir PhD Series, Leiden–Delft, 2020-01 ISBN 978-90-8593-428-8
An electronic version of this thesis is available at
https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/
Typeset by the author using LuaLATEX, KOMA-Script and Libertinus fonts.
Cover art based on an untitled picture of sparks from a fire by fsHH (Pixabay). Schematics of optical setups use components from ComponentLibrary by Alexander Franzen, which is licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 License. Most other figures were created using Matplotlib, the 2D graphics package for Python.
Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Gold nanoparticles . . . 1
1.1.1 Optical properties of gold nanoparticles . . . 2
1.1.2 Single gold nanoparticles . . . 5
1.2 Hot nanoparticles . . . 5
1.2.1 Photothermal microscopy . . . 6
1.2.2 Plasmonic vapour nanobubbles . . . 8
1.3 Outline of this thesis . . . 9
2 Explosive, oscillatory and Leidenfrost boiling at the nanoscale 11 2.1 Introduction . . . 12
2.2 Method . . . 14
2.3 Results . . . 16
2.3.1 Nanoscale boiling régimes . . . 16
2.3.2 Stable vapour nanobubble oscillations . . . 18
2.4 Conclusion . . . 25
2.A Approximations: optics . . . 26
2.B Approximations: Rayleigh–Plesset model . . . 26
3 Photothermal detection of (quasi-)chirality 31 3.1 Background . . . 32
3.2 Chirality in optics experiments . . . 33
3.2.1 Quasi-chirality . . . 34
3.3 Photothermal detection of circular dichroism . . . 36
3.3.1 Premise . . . 36
3.3.2 Possible pitfalls . . . 37
3.4 Establishing a circularly polarized field . . . 38
3.4.1 Principle . . . 38
3.4.2 Verifying the polarization state . . . 40
Contents
3.5 Preliminary results . . . 41
3.5.1 Sample, setup, and expectations . . . 41
3.5.2 Cloverleaf . . . 42
3.5.3 Removing unwanted asymmetries, part 1 . . . 43
3.6 The focus of an asymmetric beam . . . 44
3.6.1 General theory . . . 44
3.6.2 Calculations of asymmetric beams . . . 45
3.6.3 Wide-field . . . 49
3.7 Removing unwanted asymmetries, part 2 . . . 50
4 Picosecond-to-nanosecond heat transfer around a AuNP 53 4.1 Introduction . . . 54
4.2 Method . . . 55
4.2.1 Premise . . . 55
4.2.2 Gold nanoparticle excited by a laser pulse . . . 56
4.2.3 Experimental details . . . 57
4.2.4 Measurement protocol . . . 59
4.3 Results . . . 59
4.3.1 Preliminary measurements on borosilicate glass . . . . 59
4.3.2 Fused silica substrate . . . 62
4.3.3 Other liquids . . . 65
4.4 Discussion . . . 66
4.5 Conclusion . . . 66
5 Time-resolved measurement of electronic temperatures in a single gold nanoparticle 69 5.1 Introduction . . . 70
5.1.1 Background . . . 70
5.1.2 Anti-Stokes emission as a measure of temperature . . 72
5.2 Method . . . 74
5.2.1 Premise . . . 74
5.2.2 Experimental details . . . 74
5.3 Results . . . 77
5.3.1 Dependence of the electronic temperature on intensity 77 5.3.2 Hot electron dynamics . . . 80
5.4 Discussion and conclusion . . . 85
