Cardiac imaging for risk stratification in asymptomatic diabetes Scholte, A.J.H.A.
Hele tekst
(2) Chapter. 8. Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy by 123I
(3)
(4)
(5) variability in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(6)
(7)
(8) !
(9) "
(10) ##$"
(11) %. &. .
(12) Chapter 8. Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropa ()*+ ((,. ,/./
(13) 2 (.
(14) 3"
(15)
(16) ,
(17).
(18)
(19) $ ( )4+ " 1237!,
(20) "
(21) 8( "
(22) )123I-m79+ ,( " /.(: Methods ;; (,. ,/ ./
(23) 2 (.
(24) 3 "
(25)
(26) ,
(27). 2
(28)
(29) . .
(30) /$
(31) (
(32)
(33) " , ./
(34) "
(35)
(36) :7./
(37) 2 , ,( " .
(38) * 2
(39)
(40) " (4"123I-m79,( " /.(:2 ,
(41) ,
(42) 2
(43)
(44) "
(45) <
(46) " * . /$
(47) )#9!
(48) " " ,
(49) . (+ "
(50) .
(51) *
(52) /$
(53) :*
(54)
(55) " ( 123I-m79/.(2"
(56) <
(57) " , =
(58) >,
(59) "/,/ ?@:; 2 A3BC "
(60)
(61)
(62) A@D: Results
(63) .
(64) $
(65)
(66) *(,. ,/./
(67) 2 (.
(68) 3"
(69)
(70) " , ,( " .
(71)
(72)
(73) " (4"123I-m79/.(2
(74) .
(75) /$
(76) ( 3EC" B;C:F
(77) ,
(78) , ./
(79) 2 , 4 123I-m79/.( showed CAN. Conclusion
(80)
(81) "(
(82) $
(83)
(84) ".
(85) $
(86)
(87) *./
(88) 2 (.
(89) 3"
(90)
(91) ,
(92). :
(93) " ( "
(94)
(95) ,
(96)
(97) 2
(98)
(99) 4 " 123I-m79 /.(
(100) sessment of CAN was observed.. 100.
(101)
(102) . .
(103)
(104) ,
(105).
(106)
(107)
(108) .
(109) ,:2, 16" $ ,. / " (
(110) ("
(111)
(112) )+
(113)
(114) , ,,
(115) , (" , " (./
(116) 2 (.
(117) 3"
(118)
(119) ,
(120). :7
(121)
(122) ./
(123) 2 "
(124)
(125) ,
(126). (.
(127) 3 O
(128) P
(129) , 2 (,. , /</
(130)
(131) "
(132) " "
(133) /(./
(134) :7
(135) 7)
(136)
(137) /
(138) ,( " 7
(139) ,(,. ,/
(140) /
(141) + "(
(142) $
(143) . .
(144) $
(145)
(146) (
(147) .
(148) , ,.
(149) " , .( )#+
(150) ,( "
(151) , 233C:36 Al "/
(152) " .
(153) "
(154) ,( "
(155) , " ,
(156) . ()*+
(157)
(158) " (
(159)
(160) $ ()4+ 2 .
(161) "
(162) ,( "
(163) , "(:F
(164) ,
(165) 2 *
(166)
(167) , ,, "
(168)
(169) !
(170) " ,. / "
(171)
(172)
(173) "2 increased risk of mortality and major cardiovascular events.125-129 However, although *
(174)
(175) " (4
(176) /$
(177) ,
(178) " "
(179)
(180)
(181) . (
(182)
(183) "
(184)
(185) /(,.
(186) /"(/ :130
(187) (,.
(188) /"
(189) $/ 2"( be assessed directly and noninvasively with 123I-m79,( " /.(,( clinical disorders, including diabetes.131-135 24"123I-m79,( " /.( ,.
(190) (,. ,/./
(191) 2 "
(192)
(193) 2:
(194)
(195)
(196) $/ "(
(197) $
(198) "
(199) .
(200) $
(201)
(202) * " 4$
(203) 123I-m79,( " /.(:. Methods . . ./
(204) 2
(205)
(206)
(207)
(208)
(209) " , ./
(210) "
(211) / / / </ : "
(212) ""
(213)
(214)
(215) #,( " .
(216) ,
(217) ,( "
(218) ,"4
(219) *:
(220) " "
(221)
(222) 2
(223)
(224) " (
(225)
(226)
(227) .(" <,
(228) " (./
(229) (
(230)
(231) ,
(232) "/ as insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents.17
(233)
(234) " <,
(235) " (.
(236) 3 "
(237)
(238) ,
(239). , / 2 ,.
(240)
(241)
(242)
(243) !
(244) U$
(245) (,. ,: (,. ,/ 2 <,
(246) "
(247) 4
(248) U
(249) /
(250) gina.15#&
(251) 2
(252)
(253) = 2V
(254)
(255) ( .(
(256)
(257)
(258)
(259) ( (
(260) $ 8/
(261) ,
(262) 2 /! ,
(263) "/ 101.
(264) Chapter 8.
(265)
(266) " .
(267) $"
(268)
(269) W!2$
(270) ,( " /
(271) ,!
(272) ,
(273) !2$
(274)
(275) ,.
(276)
(277)
(278) O "
(279) "/$
(280) .,
(281) & "
(282)
(283) "
(284)
(285)
(286) #,( " .
(287) ,:7./
(288) 2 , ,( " .
(289) )
(290) "
(291) + 123I-m79 ,( " /.( 2.
(292) ,
(293) "
(294) $
(295)
(296) .
(297) $
(298)
(299) (,.
(300) /* ,.
(301) "
(302) .
(303) $
(304)
(305) *
(306)
(307) " (4:.
(308) U/ " ( 2
(309)
(310) .
(311) ,
(312) " "
(313)
(314) "
(315)
(316) :84
(317) Z( #9!
(318) " # , 2 .
(319) ,
(320) " 3!"( . )"
(321)
(322) "
(323) + 2
(324)
(325) /,![[,
(326) , )[[,77+:2
(327) $
(328) !
(329) "
(330)
(331) " .()#9+ 2
(332) "
(333) "
(334) ,
(335) " / ( ,
(336) " )
(337) " F @ " B+
(338) "
(339) $
(340) .,
(341) ( , !
(342) ,
(343) "
(344) $/ : 7, 2 .
(345) ,
(346) " @3\,
(347) O
(348)
(349)
(350) / .
(351) !
(352) "#,
(353) )9[D\\>9 . / ( .+ 2!
(354)
(355) (
(356) / . , :7,
(357) U/ 2.
(358) ,
(359) " D]\^ ]\.
(360) / "_\
(361) ">.
(362) / 61, 62* `
(363) /
(364) / 2..
(365) ":
(366) ",
(367) 2
(368)
(369) .
(370)
(371) "
(372) ,
(373) " !& 8 "$
(374) / !&$
(375) 2 2
(376)
(377)
(378)
(379) ":
(380) "
(381)
(382)
(383) #,( " .
(384) , "( 2 "
(385)
(386) " ,
(387) @+ 4"?3 3+
(388) /q#Fx_BC "D+
(389)
(390)
(391)
(392) " .
(393) 7 Z " 2 .!
(394) ,
(395) "
(396) .
(397) x@,, ;\,O
(398)
(399) !. 2 ,
(400)
(401) "
(402) #9""
(403)
(404) infusion.. !".
(405)
(406) " $ ,
(407) . ()*+
(408)
(409) $ ()4+2 ,
(410)
(411) ""
(412) . 2_" $
(413) Z
(414) &
(415) "
(416) "
(417) "2
(418) "
(419) #9:136, 137 1.. 4
(420) $
(421) @B\
(422) /$
(423)
(424) . 2.. 4""
(425)
(426) .
(427) ](
(428) .
(429) ,
(430) $
(431) @3\
(432) /$
(433)
(434) . 3.. 4" $,
(435) $
(436) . 4.. 7,,
(437) "
(438)
(439)
(440)
(441) .
(442) " ,
(443)
(444) ,
(445) . / :. 102.
(446)
(447) . <
(448) ,
(449)
(450) "
(451) "P
(452)
(453)
(454) ( ".
(455)
(456)
(457) 2
(458)
(459) .
(460) ". . / : * ./
(461) 2
(462)
(463)
(464)
(465) $ " Z
(466) 4
(467)
(468) ./ " 8.
(469) : /(.
(470)
(471) $
(472) ,
(473) "/
(474) $
(475) /
(476) 8(,
(477) )#+! "
(478)
(479)
(480) .
(481) )4+2
(482)
(483) ..
(484) "
(485) 2
(486)
(487)
(488)
(489) 4,
(490)
(491) ,
(492) :138, 139 Data analysis .
(493) #9
(494) "2
(495)
(496) (8
(497) " ( 2
(498) &.
(499)
(500)
(501) "
(502) $
(503) 2
(504)
(505) (
(506) ./
(507) :7
(508) "
(509)
(510) ,
(511)
(512) "2.
(513) ,
(514) " "
(515) "
(516) 2
(517)
(518) ":F
(519)
(520) $ / 4
(521)
(522) z
(523) $/ )+2
(524) ":1404""
(525)
(526) .
(527) 2
(528) $
(529) " ( /
(530) #!7/ )/
(531) ,
(532)
(533)
(534) 4!4
(535) $ "
(536) .
(537) /$
(538) (./ "
(539) &./ +:141
(540) { $ / | 2
(541) "
(542) /
(543)
(544) 4!4
(545) $ . 2
(546)
(547)
(548)
(549)
(550) 4!4
(551) $ "
(552) ,
(553) $
(554) :142 Im,
(555) "
(556)
(557)
(558)
(559) .
(560) ".2
(561) "
(562) {D\!@B/ | "
(563) <
(564) "
(565)
(566) 4!4
(567) $
(568) 3\!_\"$"
(569) " (
(570)
(571) 4!4
(572) $
(573) B!3B2
(574)
(575)
(576)
(577) <
(578) "
(579) .
(580)
(581) }.:
(582)
(583) 4!4
(584) $ ,
(585) 2(.
(586)
(587) 4!4
(588) $ 2
(589) /
(590) {D\! @B/ |:
(591)
(592)
(593) " ,
(594) 2
(595)
(596)
(597) "
(598) $ /
(599)
(600) _" $
(601) Z
(602) &
(603) :143/
(604) 2
(605)
(606)
(607) & "
(608) " , (2
(609)
(610)
(611)
(612) ,
(613)
(614) " 4"
(615) ,
(616) "
(617) 2
(618) /$
(619)
(620)
(621) .
(622) /
(623)
(624) & (
(625) ,.
(626) .
(627) / : "
(628)
(629)
(630) ( " .
(631)
(632)
(633) U
(634)
(635) D\,,2 3,
(636) O
(637) "2"
(638) <
(639) " as an abnormal heart rate response.144 *
(640)
(641) (42 <
(642) " "
(643) ,
(644) , " $
(645) Z
(646) &
(647) :2 ,
(648) ,
(649) 2
(650)
(651) "
(652) <
(653) "*. /$
(654) )#9!
(655) "" ,
(656) . (+"@
(657) *
(658) /$
(659) :145, 146. 123I-m#$
(660)
(661) .
(662) /
(663) 2
(664)
(665)
(666) "
(667) ( /"
(668) .
(669) " (,.
(670) /
(671) or other drugs known to interfere with m79.
(672) :( ".
(673) "123I was.
(674) "2 ", "
(675) / $
(676) . (]\,
(677)
(678)
(679) 123I-m79
(680) / : @;BU 123I-m79 )9#
(681)
(682) ~+2
(683)
(684) "]\
(685) " $
(686) ( 103.
(687) Chapter 8.
(688) :FO
(689)
(690) ,
(691) .
(692) /
(693) . ,
(694)
(695)
(696) 2
(697)
(698) U
(699) " "
(700) " 3B] & 3B] , &:
(701)
(702) O
(703) D]\^ # "( 2 U
(704) " "
(705) !
(706) ",,,
(707) )9[D\\>9 . / ( .+)_>
(708) . DB
(709) >.
(710) / @3;&@3;, &+:4
(711) .
(712) . "# "
(713) 2
(714)
(715) U
(716) " .. &,
(717) (_ . !
(718) / :. ,
(719)
(720) "2
(721)
(722)
(723) U..
(724) "2 . 2!
(725)
(726) (!
(727) / . , ". U/ 2
(728)
(729) .
(730) ,
(731) "2 @BC
(732)
(733) (2" 2
(734)
(735)
(736) "
(737) @B[
(738) . .
(739) 123I..
(740) Planar images # ()@B,. !
(741) / +"
(742) )_! "
(743) (
(744) "+. ,
(745) 2
(746)
(747) .
(748)
(749) " "
(750)
(751) ,
(752)
(753)
(754) ! !,
(755) "/, / )4+:
(756) . m79 ,
(757) 2
(758)
(759) (8
(760) "
(761)
(762)
(763) )47+
(764)
(765) .
(766) / " 2 .
(767)
(768)
(769) :
(770)
(771)
(772) 472"2,. ( $
(773)
(774)
(775) O$
(776)
(777) :
(778) "
(779) 47 $
(780)
(781) ..
(782) ,
(783) "/," ..
(784) ,2
(785)
(786)
(787) "
(788)
(789)
(790)
(791) "
(792) :
(793) 4 $
(794)
(795) .
(796) .&
(797) 2
(798) "
(799)
(800) ( " "
(801) (
(802) " ,
(803) : O
(804)
(805) /
(806) .( "
(807) ( 123I, early and "
(808) (
(809) "4$
(810) 2
(811)
(812)
(813)
(814) " ,.
(815)
(816) ,( " 2 / )%4+ of m79. 2= %4
(817) (
(818) !
(819) (,
(820) "/, "
(821) (
(822) "
(823) !"
(824) (
(825) " ,
(826) "/, >
(827) (
(828) !
(829) (,
(830) "/, &@\\C:
(831) , $
(832)
(833) $"
(834)
(835) ..
(836)
(837)
(838) "
(839) (
(840) "79,
(841) )"
(842) "
(843) $
(844) "4"%4+ /</ , "
(845) (
(846) "4"%42
(847)
(848) "
(849) <
(850) " 2
(851) @:;"
(852) 3BC
(853) .
(854) /$
(855) (:147, 148 #,
(856) ,. , ) , 8
(857) " @\\C+2
(858)
(859)
(860) "
(861) ,!U/ /$
(862) "$
(863) .
(864) / :
(865) "
(866) (
(867) " ,( " # ,
(868) 2
(869)
(870) "$"
(871) " @E
(872) ments and each segment was evaluated in consensus by two expert observers, using _!. (
(873) ,)\=AE\C
(874) .
(875) @=B\!E\C
(876) .
(877) 3=D\!B\C
(878) .
(879) D= ?D\C
(880) .
(881) +:66, 85 As a result, the summed score for each "( "
(882)
(883) /. (
(884) ,\ B@)@E&D+:
(885) "
(886)
(887)
(888) )+2
(889) "
(890) , . "
(891)
(892)
(893) :
(894) 2 $
(895)
(896) " .
(897)
(898)
(899)
(900) "
(901)
(902) $
(903) ",( ",:
(904) .
(905)
(906)
(907) "
(908)
(909) $/
(910) q2
(911) " . 2=)>B@,&,,
(912) @E&D&@\\:
(913) "
(914) "( (,
(915) 104.
(916)
(917) . A@;2 "
(918)
(919) " , V2
(920)
(921)
(922) " _!. (
(923) , )
(924) "
(925)
(926) "(+ A@D2 "
(927) "
(928)
(929) " , :149 Next, the. / "
(930)
(931) 2
(932) $
(933) " "
(934) 8
(935) "
(936) .
(937)
(938)
(939) . : 7 ""/ ./
(940) 2
(941)
(942)
(943) 8
(944) " $ @ "
(945)
(946) .
(947) " @
(948) )
(949)
(950) $
(951) + $x3"
(952)
(953) "P
(954) (
(955) "
(956) "79.
(957) : * assessed by. 123I-m79/.(2"
(958) <
(959) ". , =4?@:; %A3BC . A@D:.
(960)
(961)
(962)
(963)
(964) /2
(965)
(966)
(967) &.
(968)
(969) ",
(970) ".
(971)
(972)
(973) : / $
(974) 2
(975)
(976)
(977) &.
(978)
(979) " ,
(980) ) "" "
(981) $/ +: // (
(982) 2
(983)
(984) .
(985) ,
(986) " O2
(987) )$
(988) @3:\ 7 7 ~+" O2
(989) )
(990) (
(991) ,
(992)
(993)
(994) ]:@3 ( * ~=7/
(995) 7:+:!$
(996) ?\:\B 2 "
(997)
(998) " //. (< :. Results F ,
(999)
(1000) ( @@\
(1001) /$
(1002) ./
(1003) 2 , #.
(1004) "
(1005) 2
(1006)
(1007) "
(1008) /<
(1009) ""$
(1010) 123I-m79/.(:
(1011)
(1012) 33)3\C+./
(1013) 2
(1014)
(1015)
(1016) & "
(1017) ""
(1018) ,.
(1019)
(1020) "
(1021) )@D+ . 79,
(1022) U ()[+:
(1023) < ./
(1024) . . /
(1025) " ;;./
(1026) )B],
(1027)
(1028) BD@\(
(1029) +:
(1030) ./
(1031)
(1032) /
(1033) 2
(1034) @:
(1035) ,
(1036) "/ "
(1037)
(1038) 2[:; ;:3(
(1039) :
(1040) ./
(1041) 2
(1042)
(1043) /!"
(1044) /
(1045) .()]@C+:# >42
(1046) "DBC"3@C ./
(1047) :2
(1048) (!
(1049) ./
(1050) " ,. / of diabetes, such as peripheral neuropathy and/or peripheral vascular disease.. Cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessed by HRV
(1051) ;;./
(1052) *2 <
(1053) " "
(1054) ,
(1055) , " $
(1056) Z
(1057) &
(1058) : ()D_C+
(1059)
(1060) ./
(1061) "x@ , " $
(1062) Z
(1063) &
(1064) :2
(1065) (! )3EC+./
(1066) 2
(1067)
(1068) "
(1069)
(1070) " $
(1071) x3 ,
(1072) "2
(1073)
(1074)
(1075) 8
(1076) "*. /$
(1077) : 105.
(1078) Chapter 8. Table 1. /
(1079)
(1080) / ;;(,. ,/./
(1081) 2 "
(1082)
(1083) (.
(1084) 3: between parentheses indicate percentages. Variables Male
(1085) )(
(1086) +. %&& B])]_+ 53±10.
(1087)
(1088) !
(1089)
(1090) " / )(
(1091) +. 9.8±8.2.
(1092) /,
(1093) " "
(1094)
(1095) )(
(1096) +. 44±12. HbA1C. 7.4±1.6. Treatment Oral/Insulin Oral and Insulin Peripheral vascular disease/peripheral neuropathy Peripheral vascular and neuropathy. B_)]@+>3@)3_+ @@)@D+ [)@\+>@[)33+ @@)@D+. "(,"
(1097) &)>,2+. 29.2±5.7. % ,
(1098)
(1099)
(1100) ),+. 103±15.0. Hypertension. _E)BD+. Hypercholesterolemia. _])B3+. F, ( ( . B3)B[+. Current Smoking. @3)@_+.
(1101) "/ Aspirin # >4 /. @;)3@+ D@)DB+>@;)3@+ _B)B@+.
(1102)
(1103) ),, > +. 4.9±1.1. qq),, > +. 3.2±.1.1. q),, > +. 1.4±0.6.
(1104)
(1105) >q/. 3.8±1.3. (
(1106) "
(1107) ),, > +. 2.0±1.2.
(1108) /
(1109) ),, > +. 78.5±20.0. ~
(1110) ,!
(1111) /
(1112) /. 12.4±32.8. 4),> +. 8.3±5.8. . . .
(1113) @)> +. 1.4±0.30. . . .
(1114) )> +. 0.9±0.30. F
(1115) )> +. 3.9±0.90. #
(1116) $
(1117) /
(1118) 8(,
(1119) V4
(1120)
(1121)
(1122) .
(1123) V (
(1124) ("
(1125)
(1126) V4
(1127) /$
(1128) .
(1129) Vq !"
(1130) ( . .
(1131) Vqq 2!"
(1132) ( . .
(1133) :. 106.
(1134)
(1135) . Cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessed by 123I-mIBG
(1136) ;;./
(1137) DE./
(1138) )_3C+" , 123I-m79 "(:7
(1139)
(1140) , B@./
(1141) )B;C+
(1142) 123I-m79 "(2 , :
(1143)
(1144) B@./
(1145) 33./
(1146) )_DC+ " @
(1147) , , 123I-m79 "(V
(1148)
(1149) , D\ ./
(1150) )BEC+"x3
(1151) :7
(1152) ;;./
(1153) D])_@C+./
GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN
Detection of amyloid plaques in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease by magnetic resonance imaging.. Apostolova
Since expression of Serpins may facilitate the immune escape of HLA positive tumors, we next analysed the effect of Serpin expression on survival in cases with normal/partial
Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden.. Note: To cite this publication please use the final
Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden.. Note: To cite this publication please use the final
Niet-invasieve coronairangiografie met multislice computer tomografie heeft een toegevoegde diagnostische waarde ten opzichte van de coronaire calciumscore in
Peripheral blood cells were stained with HLA-A2.1 tetramers containing the tyrosinase368–376 peptide followed by staining with a panel of lineage antibodies, as described in
Blades and blade fragments seem to have been especially used for longitudinal motions, mainly on plant material (7/12). Flake and flake fragments are used in different motions on
This shape also occurs in the combination artefacts (see below). The shape is the result of intensive use in a repetitive abrasive motion, carried out from different angles. In