SUN-P297 : The role of calcium, iron magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, and zinc on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults: a systematic review

CREATING TOMORROW

THE ROLE OF CALCIUM, IRON, MAGNESIUM, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, SELENIUM, SODIUM, AND ZINC ON MUSCLE MASS, MUSCLE STRENGTH, AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

C. van Dronkelaar*

, A. van Velzen

, M. Abdelrazek

, A. van der Steen

, P.J.M. Weijs

, M. Tieland

1Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands

2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Rationale

Minerals may contribute to prevent and treat sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the role of calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, and zinc on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted between March 2016 and July 2016, in the PubMed database using pre-defined search terms. Articles on the role of dietary mineral intake or mineral serum concentrations on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and the prevalence of sarcopenia in healthy or frail older adults (average age ≥ 65 years) were selected. Meta-analyses statistic will be performed when possible.

Correspondence d.c.van.dronkelaar@hva.nl Carliene van Dronkelaar, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Dokter Meuerlaaan 8, 1067 SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Results

From the 3346 articles found, ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Observational studies showed that serum selenium and calcium intake were significantly associated with muscle mass. Magnesium, based on one randomized controlled trial, selenium, iron, and zinc intake were significantly associated with physical performance in older adults. Magnesium, selenium, calcium, and phosphorus intake were associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia. No studies on the role of sodium or potassium on muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical performance were found. Meta-analysis was not possible due to high heterogeneity.

SUN-P297

Conclusion

Minerals may be important nutrients to prevent and treat sarcopenia. Particularly, magnesium, selenium, and calcium are most promising more randomized controlled trials are needed to elucidate the potential benefits of mineral intake to prevent and treat sarcopenia and support healthy aging.

Author (year) Mineral Study design Muscle

mass

Muscle strength

Physical performance

Sarcopenia

Veronese et al (2014) Magnesium Randomized Controlled Trial

NA - + ^NA

Bartali et al (2008) Serum iron Longitudinal ^{NA NA} - ^NA

Martin et al (2011) Selenium Cohort ^{NA NA} + ^NA

Waters et al (2014) Calcium Iron

Zinc

Cross-sectional ^{NA NA} -

+ +

NA

Chaput et al (2007) Selenium Cross-sectional - ^{NA NA NA}

Chen et al (2014) Serum selenium Cross-sectional + ^{NA NA NA}

Seo et al (2013) Calcium Cross-sectional + ^{NA NA} +

Oh et al (2015) Calcium Cross-sectional ^{NA NA NA} +

Ter Borg et al (2016) Calcium

Magnesium

Serum magnesium Selenium

Zinc

Cross-sectional ^{NA NA NA} -

+ - +-

Verlaan et al (2015) Calcium

Magnesium Phosphorus Selenium

Zinc

Case-control ^{NA NA NA} -

+ + +- Table 1 Outcome of minerals on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance or sarcopenia

NA = Not Available; - = not statistically significant; + = statistically significant