7.2 Overview Questions
7.2.1 Appendix – Overview Variable Entrepreneurial Orientation Entrepreneurial
Orientation / Authors Miller and Friesen (1982),
Covin and Slevin (1989) Dada and Watson (2012) De Lange (2015)
English De Lange (2015)
Dutch Innovativeness
Proactiveness
Risk-‐taking
(1) In my company, there exist a very strong emphasis on R&D, technological leadership and innovations.
(2) My company introduced many new lines of products or services in the past 5 years.
(3) The changes in product lines (types/number of products for my company have usually been dramatic.
(4) My company is typically the first to initiate actions to competitors, for which the competition then respond.
(5) Very often, my firm is the first company to introduce new products / services, techniques etc.
(6) I have a strong preference for high-‐
risk projects (with chances of very high return).
(7) I believe that, owing to the nature of the environment, bold, wide-‐ranging acts are necessary to achieve the firm’s objectives.
(8) When confronted with decision making situations involving uncertainty, my firm typically adopts a cautious,
‘wait and see’ posture in order to minimize the probability of making costly decisions.
(1) In my franchise system, there exists a very strong emphasis on franchisee-‐
driven research & development, technological leadership, and innovations.
(2) The changes in product lines (e.g.
types/number of products) by my franchisees have usually been dramatic.
(3) My franchisees have introduced many innovations in the past 5 years.
(4) My franchisees, by themselves, are typically the first to initiate actions to competitors, for which the competitors then respond.
(5) Very often, my franchise outlets are the first to introduce new
products/services, techniques, technologies etc.
(6) My franchisees tend to have a strong preference for high-‐risk projects (with chances of very high return).
(7) Owing to the nature of the environment, my franchisees believe that bold wide-‐ranging acts are necessary on their part in order to achieve my franchise system’s objectives.
(1) In my franchise system, there exists a very strong emphasis on a ‘franchisor-‐
driven’ research and development, technological leadership, and innovations.
(2) The changes in product lines and services (e.g. types/number of
products) by my franchisor have usually been dramatic (deleted)
(3). My franchisor has introduced many innovations (products/service) in the past 2 years
(4) My franchisor is usually the first in our sector who introduces new products, services and processes in the formula.
(4) My franchisor is typically the first to initiate actions to competitors, for which the competitors then respond
(6) My franchisor knows exactly what is going on in the market and what the competitors are doing to, to attain a competitive advantage.
(7) My franchisor is leading when it comes down to advertisement activities.
(8) My franchisor tends to have a strong preference for high-‐risk projects (with chances of very high return)
(9) As a franchisee, I think that my franchisor takes risk with new products and services
(10) Owing to the nature of the environment, my franchisor believes that bold wide-‐ranging acts are necessary on their part in order to achieve the franchise system’s objectives
(1) In mijn franchiseformule, bestaat een zeer sterke nadruk op een ‘franchisegever gedreven’ onderzoek en ontwikkeling, technologisch leidershap (m.b.t. website en applicaties), en innovaties (producten en services):
(2) De veranderingen in product groepen en diensten in mijn franchiseformule zijn meestal ingrijpend. (verwijdert)
(3). Mijn franchisegever heeft veel nieuwe producten en diensten in de formule geïntroduceerd de afgelopen twee jaar.
(4) Mijn franchisegever is regelmatig de eerste in de branche die nieuwe producten, diensten en processen in de formule introduceert.
(5) Mijn franchisegever is meestal de eerste die het initiatief neemt tegen concurrerende formules.
(6)Mijn franchisegever weet exact wat er gebeurt in de markt en wat de concurrentie doet om een concurrentie voordeel te behalen.
(7)Mijn franchisegever loopt voorop met betrekking tot reclame activiteiten.
(8) Mijn franchisegever investeert graag in risicovolle projecten.
(9) Mijn franchisegever neemt risico met nieuwe producten en diensten in de formule.
(10) Mijn franchisegever neemt gewaagde initiatieven om de doelstellingen van de formule te behalen.
