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Cover Page

The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/66111 holds various files of this Leiden University

dissertation.

Author: Streit, S.R.

Title: Perspectives on treating hypertension in old age : the burden of polypharmacy, risks

of treatment and GPs’ treatment probability

Issue Date: 2018-09-25

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Perspectives on treating hypertension in old age – The burden of

polypharmacy, risks of treatment and GPs’ treatment probability

Sven R. Streit

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Perspectives on treating hypertension in old age – The burden of polypharmacy, risks of treat- ment and GPs’ treatment probability

ISBN: 978-94-6361-126-8

Cover design: Optima, Rotterdam NL Layout and Printing: Optima, Rotterdam NL

© Sven R. Streit, 2018

This publication is protected by international copyright law. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the author.

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Perspectives on treating hypertension in old age – The burden of polypharmacy, risks of treatment and GPs’ treatment probability

Proefschrift

ter verkrijging van

de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof.mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker,

volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op dinsdag, 25 september 2018

klokke 10.00 uur

door

Sven Raphael Streit Geboren te Aarau, Zwitserland,

in 1980

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Promotor

Prof.dr. J. Gussekloo Co-promotor Dr. R.K.E. Poortvliet Leden promotiecommissie Prof.dr R.C. van der Mast

Dr. E.P. Moll van Charante, Universiteit van Amsterdam Prof.dr. N. Rodondi, Universiteit van Bern, Zwitserland Prof.dr. M. Muller, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

The research project presented in this thesis was funded by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (P2BEP3_165353), and the Gottfried and Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Foun- dation, Switzerland.

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Contents

Chapter 1 General introduction 7

Chapter 2 Polypharmacy and specific comorbidities in university primary care settings

21

Chapter 3 Lower blood pressure during antihypertensive treatment is

associated with higher all-cause mortality and accelerated cognitive decline in the oldest-old – data from the Leiden 85-plus study

43

Chapter 4 Association of low systolic blood pressure under antihypertensive treatment and cognition in old age

61

Chapter 5 Variation in GP decisions on antihypertensive treatment in oldest- old and frail individuals across 29 countries

81

Chapter 6 Burden of cardiovascular disease across 29 countries and GPs’

decision to treat hypertension in oldest-old

97

Chapter 7 General discussion 113

Chapter 8 summary 127

Chapter 9 nederlandse samenvatting (summary in Dutch) 135

Deutsche Zusammenfassung (summary in German) 143

Bibliography 149

Acknowledgements 153

Curriculum vitae 155

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