Buildings as Dynamic Complex Systems
Citation for published version (APA):
Schijndel, van, A. W. M. (2009). Buildings as Dynamic Complex Systems. conference; Invited speaker at International Workshop COMSOL; 2009-04-07; 2009-04-07.
Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2009
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Buildings as
Dynamic Complex Systems (BuilDCoSy)
Buildings as Dynamic Complex Systems Contents • Introduction • Education • Research • Practice
WHAT? Multiscale coupling
BuildCosy time, geometry
Whole Building (scale 10 m) Detail (scale 0.01 m)
WHY?
BuildCosy
Goal
Improve building and systems performances for health, sustainability, economics
Science
Modeling is an essential and inseparable part of all scientific activity [wikipedia]
Design
HOW? Modeling based on physics
BuildCosy Optimal Abstraction level
Multi Buildings (HAMBase) Multi PDE Multi ODE
HOW? Implementation
Educational Applications using Comsol
MSc Course heat air & moisture transfer
• Heat transfer • 3D • stationary • Multi-material • Building Construction • Thermal bridging
Educational Applications using Comsol
MSc Course heat air & moisture transfer
• Heat, Air & Moisture
• 2D
• Dynamic
• Multi-material
• Building Construction
HAM modeling
Influence of micro air movement
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 −10 0 10 20 T [oC] Ti Te airsolar 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 pvap [Pa] Pi Pe Inside Outside a b
HAM modeling (only vapour) Physics 0 ) ( : ; 0 ) ( : 0 ) ( : = ∇ ⋅ + ∇ − ⋅ ∇ + ∂ ∂ ∇ = = ∇ − ⋅ ∇ + ∂ ∂ = ∇ ⋅ + ∇ − ⋅ ∇ + ∂ ∂ v v v p p p p D t p Moisture P K P K t P Air T C T t T C Heat u u u ρ λ ρ 0 ) ( : ); ( ) ( : : 0 : ; : : 0 ) ( : ); ( ) ( : : inf 0 inf = ∇ ⋅ − = ∇ ⋅ = ∇ ⋅ = = ∇ ⋅ − = ∇ ⋅ v v v v p p Insulation D p p D Flux P K Insulation P P Pressure T Insulation T T h T Flux n n Moisture n Air n n Heat β λ λ PDEs Boundary values
HAM modeling
Simulation of Relative Humidity Air velocity
HAM modeling
Influence of micro air movement
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 600 800 1000 1200 p v [Pa] 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 −5 0 5 10 15 T [ o C] 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0.6 0.8 1 RH [−] 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 −60 −40 −20 0 20 time [days] P wind [Pa] 1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b a b Summary
Heat and Moisture (vapour & liquid) Modeling Use LPc as potential ) ( ) ( 22 21 12 11 LPc K T K t LPc C LPc K T K t T C LPc T ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂ ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂ , ) log( 12 11 10 RT M Psat LPc Pc l K K c C Pc LPc a w p lv T ⋅ ⋅ ∂ ∂ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ − = = ⋅ = = ρ φ δ λ ρ
Material Function in MatLab
Calculate PDE coeffients fun(Lpc,T)
) ( ) ( 22 21 12 11 LPc K T K t LPc C LPc K T K t T C LPc T ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂ ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂
Material Function in MatLab
Calculate PDE coefficients fun(LPc,T)
) ( ) ( 22 21 12 11 LPc K T K t LPc C LPc K T K t T C LPc T ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂ ∇ + ∇ ⋅ ∇ = ∂ ∂
Verification HAMSTAD Benchmark no 1 ) ( ) ( ) ( p p g p p l T T h q i i lv i − ⋅ = − ⋅ ⋅ + − ⋅ = β β 0 ) ( = − ⋅ = g T T h q e e
Verification
Verification Heat
Verification Moisture
Hunting Lodge St. Hurbertus Problem: Moisture damage
Step 1
Step 1
Step 2: Modeling & Validation Simulation vs Measurements
Step 3: Application of Models to Control Evaluation of several designs
Evaluated Designs: • Remove concrete • Replace concrete • Additional layer
Discussion
