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University of Groningen Innate Immune Memory and Transcriptional Profiling of Microglia Heng, Yang

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Innate Immune Memory and Transcriptional Profiling of Microglia

Heng, Yang

DOI:

10.33612/diss.151944032

IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from

it. Please check the document version below.

Document Version

Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Publication date:

2021

Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database

Citation for published version (APA):

Heng, Y. (2021). Innate Immune Memory and Transcriptional Profiling of Microglia. University of Groningen.

https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.151944032

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Innate Immune Memory and

Transcriptional Profiling of Microglia

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The research presented in this thesis was conducted at the Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.

The research in this thesis was financially supported by the China Scholarship Council and University Medical Center Groningen.

Printing Ridderprint

Cover design Yang Heng

On the Cover On the front cover, the two clouds represent the immune training

response of microglia. After the first challenge, microglia show enhanced response to a sequential challenge. The transition of Yin-Yang represents the phenotypical change of microglia. The six microglia in Yin-Yang represent microglia phenotypic diversity. The transition of cold-warm color in the background is also inspired by Yin-Yang theory.

On the back cover, the two clouds represent the immune tolerance response of microglia. The windmill at the bottom left corner is inspired by the Windmill ‘De Helper’ in Paterswoldsemeer, Groningen. Financial support University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences Copyright © 2021 by Yang Heng. All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission of the author and the publishers holding the copyrights of the published articles.

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Innate Immune Memory and

Transcriptional Profiling of Microglia

PhD thesis

to obtain the degree of PhD at the

University of Groningen

on the authority of the

Rector Magnificus Prof. C. Wijmenga

and in accordance with

the decision by the College of Deans.

This thesis will be defended in public on

Wednesday 10 February 2021 at 14:30 hours

by

Yang Heng

born on 9 September 1990

in Hebei, China

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Prof. B.J.L. Eggen

Prof. J.D. Laman

Co-supervisor

Dr. S.M. Kooistra

Assessment committee

Prof. H.E. de Vries

Prof. L.A.B. Joosten

Prof. J.W. Jonker

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Paranymphs

Takuya Oshima

Chairi Misrielal

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7

Contents

Chapter 1

General introduction and outline of the thesis

9

Chapter 2

Mouse models of central nervous system ageing

45

Chapter 3

Intrinsic DNA damage repair deficiency results in progressive microglia

loss and replacement

73

Chapter 4

Systemic administration of β-glucan induces immune training in

microglia

113

Chapter 5

Microglia nuclear RNA profiles are a reliable proxy for microglia cellular

transcriptomes

147

Chapter 6

The effects of postmortem delay on mouse and human microglia gene

expression

171

Chapter 7

Summary and general discussion

189

Chapter 8

Nederlandse samenvatting

214

Acknowledgements

217

Curriculum vitae

229

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