UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
A role for glycosphingolipids in protein sorting
Sprong, H.
Publication date
2001
Link to publication
Citation for published version (APA):
Sprong, H. (2001). A role for glycosphingolipids in protein sorting.
General rights
It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s)
and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open
content license (like Creative Commons).
Disclaimer/Complaints regulations
If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please
let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material
inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter
to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You
will be contacted as soon as possible.
References s
1.. Keenan, T.W., and D.J. Morré. (1970) Phospholipid class and fatty acid composition of Golgi apparatus isolatedd from rat liver and comparison with other cell fractions. Biochemistry. 9:19-25.
2.. Fleischer, B., F. Zambrano, and S. Fleischer. (1974) Biochemical characterization of the Golgi complex of mammaliann cells. J. Supramol. Struct, 2:737-50.
3.. Cornell, R.B., and I.C. Northwood. (2000) Regulation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase by amphitropismm and relocalization. Trends Biochem. Biochem. Sci. 25:441-7.
4.. Antonsson, B. (1997) Phosphatidylinositol synthase from mammalian tissues. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1348:179-86. .
5.. Kuge, O., and M. Nishijima. (1997) Phosphatidylserine synthase I and II of mammalian cells. Biochim.
Biophys.Biophys. Acta. 1348:151-6.
6.. Daum, G., and J.E. Vance. (1997) Import of lipids into mitochondria. Prog, in Lipid Res. 36:103-30. 7.. Emoto, K., O. Kuge, M. Nishijima, and M. Umeda. (1999) Isolation of a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant
defectivee in intramitochondrial transport of phosphatidylserine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:12400-5. 8.. Schmid, P.C., E. Deli, and H.H. Schmid. (1995) Generation and remodeling of phospholipid molecular
speciess in rat hepatocytes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 319:168-76.
9.. Fensome, A.C., F. Rodrigues-Lima, M. Josephs, H.F. Paterson, and M. Katan. (2000) A neutral magnesium-dependentt sphingomyelinase isoform associated with intracellular membranes and reversibly inhibited by reactivee oxygen species. J. Biol. Chem. 275:1128-36.
10.. Tomiuk, S., M. Zumbansen, and W. Stoffel. (2000) Characterization and subcellular localization of murine andd human magnesium-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase. J. Biol. Chem. 275:5710-7.
11.. Maccioni, H.J., J.L. Daniotti, and J.A. Martina. (1999) Organization of ganglioside synthesis in the Golgi apparatus.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1437:101-18.
12.. Sandhoff, K., and T. Kolter. (1996) Topology of glycosphingolipid degradation. Trends Cell Biol. 6:98-103. 13.. Olivier, L.M., W. Kovacs, K. Masuda, G.A. Keller, and S.K. Krisans. (2000) Identification of peroxisomal
targetingg signals in cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes. Aa-Coa thiolase, hmg-Coa synthase, mppd, and fpp synthase.. J. Lipid Res. 41:1921-35.
14.. Joyce, C.W., G.S. Shelness, M.A. Davis, R.G. Lee, K. Skinner, R.A. Anderson, and L.L. Rudel. (2000) ACAT11 and ACAT2 membrane topology segregates a serine residue essential for activity to opposite sides off the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Mol. Biol. Cell. 11:3675-87.
15.. Phillips, M.C., K.L. Gillotte, M.P. Haynes, W.J. Johnson, S. Lund-Katz, and G.H. Rothblat. (1998) Mechanismss of high density lipoprotein-mediated efflux of cholesterol from cell plasma membranes.
Atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis. 137:S13-7.
16.. Nilsson, O.S., and G. Dallner. (1977) Enzyme and phospholipid asymmetry in liver microsomal membranes.
J.J. Cell Biol. 72:568-83.
17.. van Meer, G. (1998) Lipids of the Golgi membrane. Trends Cell Biol. 8:29-33. 18.. van Meer, G. (1989) Lipid traffic in animal cells. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 5:247-75.
19.. Briigger, B., R. Sandhoff, S. Wegehingel, K. Gorgas, J. Malsam, J.B. Helms, W.D. Lehmann, W. Nickel, andd F.T. Wieland. (2000) Evidence for segregation of sphingomyelin and cholesterol during formation of COPI-coatedd vesicles. J. Cell Biol 151:507-18.
20.. van Genderen, I.L., G. van Meer, J.W. Slot, H.J. Geuze, and W.F. Voorhout. (1991) Subcellular localization off Forssman glycolipid in epithelial MDCK cells by immuno-electronmicroscopy after freeze-substitution. J.
CellCell Biol. 115:1009-19.
21.. Mukherjee, S., T.T. Soe, and F.R. Maxfield. (1999) Endocytic sorting of lipid analogues differing solely in thee chemistry of their hydrophobic tails. J. Cell Biol. 144:1271-84.
22.. Gagescu, R., N. Demaurex, R.G. Parton, W. Hunziker, L.A. Huber, and J. Gruenberg. (2000) The recycling endosomee of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells is a mildly acidic compartment rich in raft components. Mol.
Biol.Biol. Cell. 11:2775-91.
23.. Kok, J. W., T. Babia, and D. Hoekstra. (1991) Sorting of sphingolipids in the endocytic pathway of HT29
cells.cells. J. Cell Biol. 114:231-9.
24.. Puri, V., R. Watanabe, M. Dominguez, X. Sun, C.L. Wheatley, D.L. Marks, and R.E. Pagano. (1999) Cholesteroll modulates membrane traffic along the endocytic pathway in sphingolipid-storage diseases. Nat.
CellCell Biol. 1:386-8.
25.. Murray, D., A. Arbuzova, G. Hangyas-Mihalyné, A. Gambhir, N. Ben-Tal, B. Honig, and S. McLaughlin. (1999)) Appendix: Do basic peptides form large lateral domains with acidic lipids when they bind to phospholipidd vesicles? Biophys. J. 77:3185-8.
26.. Wang, T.Y., and J.R. Silvius. (2000) Different sphingolipids show differential partitioning into sphingolipid/cholesterol-richh domains in lipid bilayers. Biophys. J. 79:1478-89.
27.. van Helvoort, A., A.J. Smith, H. Sprong, I. Fritzschc, A.H. Schinkel, P. Borst, and G. van Meer. (1996) MDR11 P-glycoprotein is a lipid translocase of broad specificity, while MDR3 P-glycoprotein specifically translocatess phosphatidylcholine. Cell. 87:507-17.
28.. Howell, K.E., and G.E. Palade. (1982) Hepatic Golgi fractions resolved into membrane and content subfiactions.. J. Cell Biol. 92:822-32.
29.. Menon, A.K., W.E.I. Watkins, and S. Hrafhsdóttir. (2000) Specific proteins are required to translocate phosphatidylcholinee bidirectionally across the endoplasmic reticulum. Curr. Biol. 10:241-52.
30.. Herrmann, A., A. Zachowski, and P.F. Devaux. (1990) Protein-mediated phospholipid translocation in the endoplasmicc reticulum with a low lipid specificity. Biochemistry. 29:2023-7.
31.. Daleke, D.L., and J.V. Lyles. (2000) Identification and purification of aminophospholipid flippases.
Biochim.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486:108-27.
32.. Smit, J.J.M., A.H. Schinkel, R.P.J. Oude Elferink, A.K. Groen, E. Wagenaar, L. van Deemter, C.A.A.M. Mol,, R. Ottenhoff, N.M.T. van der Lugt, M.A. van Roon, M.A. van der Valk, GJ.A. Offerhaus, A.J.M. Bems,, and P. Borst. (1993) Homozygous disruption of the murine mdrl P-glycoprotein gene leads to a completee absence of phospholipid from bile and to liver disease. Cell. 75:451-62.
33.. van Helvoort, A., A. de Brouwer, R. Ottenhoff, J.F. Brouwers, J. Wijnholds, J.H. Beijnen, A. Rijneveld, T. vann der Poll, M.A. van der Valk, D. Majoor, W. Voorhout, K.W. Wirtz, R.P. Elferink, and P. Borst. (1999) Micee without phosphatidylcholine transfer protein have no defects in the secretion of phosphatidylcholine intoo bile or into lung airspaces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:11501-6.
34.. Li, X., Z. Xie, and V.A. Bankaitis. (2000) Phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer proteins in yeast.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486:55-71.
35.. Wattenberg, B.W., and D.F. Silbert. (1983) Sterol partitioning among intracellular membranes. Testing a modell for cellular sterol distribution. J. Biol. Chem. 258:2284-9.
36.. Ridgway, N.D. (2000) Interactions between metabolism and intracellular distribution of cholesterol and sphingomyelin.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1484:129-41.
37.. Brasaemle, D.L., A.D. Robertson, and A.D. Attie. (1988) Transbilayer movement of cholesterol in the humann erythrocyte membrane. J. Lipid Res. 29:481-9.
38.. Schroeder, F., G. Nemecz, W.G. Wood, C. Joiner, G. Morrot, M. Ayraut-Jarrier, and P.F. Devaux. (1991) Transmembranee distribution of sterol in die human erythrocyte. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1066:183-92. 39.. Phillips, M.C., W.J. Johnson, and G.H. Rothblat. (1987) Mechanism and consequences of cellular
cholesteroll exchange and transfer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 906:223-76.
40.. Ladinsky, M.S., D.N. Mastronarde, J.R. Mcintosh, K.E. Howell, and L.A. Staehelin. (1999) Golgi structure inn three dimensions: functional insights from the normal rat kidney cell. J. Cell Biol. 144:1135-49. 41.. Uittenbogaard, A., and E.J. Smart. (2000) Palmitoylation of caveolin-1 is required for cholesterol binding,
chaperonee complex formation, and rapid transport of cholesterol to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 275:25595-9. 42.. Hamon, Y., C. Broccardo, O. Chambenoit, M.F. Luciani, F. Toti, S. Chaslin, J.M. Freyssinet, P.F. Devaux, J.
McNeish,, D. Marguet, and G. Chimini. (2000) ABC1 promotes engulfment of apoptotic cells and transbilayerr redistribution of phosphatidylserine. Nat. Cell Biol. 2:399-406.
43.. Liscum, L., and N.J. Munn. (1999) Intracellular cholesterol transport. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1438:19-37. 44.. Pagano, RE., V. Puri, M. Dominguez, andD.L. Marks. (2000) Membrane traffic in sphingolipid storage
diseases.. Traffic. 1:807-15.
45.. Kobayashi, T., M.H. Beuchat, M. Lindsay, S. Frias, R.D. Palmiter, H. Sakuraba, R.G. Parton, and J. Gruenberg.. (1999) Late endosomal membranes rich in lysobisphosphatidic acid regulate cholesterol transport.. Nat Cell Biol. 1:113-8.
46.. Naureckiene, S., D.E. Sleat, H. Lackland, A. Fensom, M.T. Vanier, R. Wattiaux, M. Jadot, and P. Lobel. (2000)) Identification of HE 1 as the second gene of Niemann-Pick C disease. Science. 290:2298-301. 47.. Davies, J.P., F.W. Chen, and Y.A. Ioannou. (2000) Transmembrane molecular pump activity of
Niemann-Pickk CI protein. Science. 290:2295-8.
48.. Goldin, E., C.F. Roff, S.P.F. Miller, C. Rodriguez-Lafrasse, M.T. Vanier, R.O. Brady, and P.G. Pentchev. (1992)) Type C Niemann-Pick disease: A murine model of the lysosomal cholesterol lipidosis accumulates sphingosinee and sphinganine in liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1127:303-11.
49.. Alpy, F., M.E. Stoeckel, A. Dierich, J.M. Escola, C. Wendling, M.P. Chenard, M.T. Vanier, J. Gruenberg, C. Tomasetto,, and M.C. Rio. (2001) The StAR homolog MLN64 a late endosomal cholesterol binding protein.
J.J. Biol. Chem. 276:4261-69.
50.. Stocco, D.M. (2000) Intramitochondrial cholesterol transfer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486:184-97. 51.. Thai, T.P., C. Rodemer, A. Jauch, A. Hunziker, A. Moser, K. Gorgas, and W.W. Just. (2001) Impaired
membranee traffic in defective ether lipid biosynthesis. Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:127-36.
52.. Holtta-Vuori, M., J. Maatta, O. Ullrich, E. Kuismanen, and E. Ikonen. (2000) Mobilization of late-endosomall cholesterol is inhibited by Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor. Curr. Biol. 10:95-8. 53.. Liscum, L. (2000) Niemann-Pick type C mutations cause lipid traffic jam. Traffic. 1:218-25.
54.. Reaves, B. J., P.E. Row, N.A. Bright, J.P. Luzio, and H. W. Davidson. (2000) Loss of cation-independent mannosee 6-phosphate receptor expression promotes the accumulation of lysobispfaosphandic acid in multilamellarr bodies. J. CellSci. 113:4099-108.
55.. Simons, K., and J. Gruenberg. (2000) Jamming the endosomal system: lipid rafts and lysosomal storage diseases.. Trends Cell Biol. 10:459-62.
56.. Munro, S. (1998) Localization of proteins to the Golgi apparatus. Trends Cell Biol. 8:11-5.
57.. Rayner, J.C., and H.R. Pelham. (1997) Transmembrane domain-dependent sorting of proteins to the ER and plasmaa membrane in yeast. EMBO J. 16:1832-41.
58.. Grove, S.N., C.E. Bracker, and D.J. Morré. (1968) Cytomembrane differentiation in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgii apparatus-vesicle complex. Science. 161:171-3.
59.. Moffett, S., D.A. Brown, and M.E. Linder. (2000) Lipid-dependent targeting of G proteins into rafts. J. Biol.
Chem.Chem. 275:2191-8.
60.. Parton, R.G. (1994) Ultrastructural localization of gangliosides; GM1 is concentrated in caveolae. J. Hist.
Cytochem.Cytochem. 42:155-66.
61.. Brown, D.A., and E. London. (2000) Structure and function of sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich membrane rafts.. J. Biol. Chem. 275:17221-4.
62.. Simons, K., and D. Toomre. (2000) Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 1:31-9. 63.. van der Sluijs, P., M. Hull, LA. Huber, P. Male, B. Goud, and I. Mellman. (1992) Reversible
phosphorylation-dephosphorylationn determines the localization of rab4 during the cell cycle. EMBO J. 11:4379-89. .
64.. Raucher, D., and M.P. Sheetz. (1999) Membrane expansion increases endocytosis rate during mitosis. /. Cell
Biol.Biol. 144:497-506.
65.. Farge, E., D.M. Ojcius, A. Subtil, and A. Dautry-Varsat. (1999) Enhancement of endocytosis due to aminophospholipidd transport across the plasma membrane of living cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276:C725-C33. 66.. Hirsch, J.G., M.E. Fedorko, and Z.A. Cohn. (1968) Vesicle fusion and formation at the surface of pinocytic
vacuoless in macrophages. J. Cell Biol. 38:629-32.
67.. Schmidt, A., M. Wolde, C. Thiele, W. Fest, H. Kratzin, A.V. Podtelejnikov, W. Witke, W.B. Huttner, and H.D.. Söling. (1999) Endophilin I mediates synaptic vesicle formation by transfer of arachidonate to lysophosphatidicc acid. Nature. 401:133-41.
68.. Weigert, R., M.G. Silletta, S. Spano, G. Turacchio, C. Cericola, A. Colanzi, S. Senatore, R. Mancini, E.V. Polishchuk,, M. Salmona, F. Facchiano, K.N. Burger, A. Mironov, A. Luini, and D. Corda. (1999) CtBP/BARSS induces fission of Golgi membranes by acylating lysophosphatidic acid. Nature. 402:429-33. 69.. Goni, F.M., and A. Alonso. (1999) Structure and functional properties of diacylglycerols in membranes.
Prog.Prog. Lipid Res. 38:1-48.
70.. Roth, M.G., K. Bi, N.T. Ktistakis, and S. Yu. (1999) Phospholipase D as an effector for ADP-ribosylation factorr in the regulation of vesicular traffic. Chem. Phys. Lipids. Lipids. 98:141-52.
71.. de Figueiredo, P., D. Drecktrah, J.A. Katzenellenbogen, M. Strang, and W.J. Brown. (1998) Evidence that phospholipasee A2 activity is required for Golgi complex and trans Golgi network membrane tabulation.
Proc.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 95:8642-7.
72.. Weidman, P.J. (1995) Anterograde transport through the Golgi complex: Do Golgi tubules hold the key?
TrendsTrends Cell Biol. 5:302-5.
73.. Pelham, H.R., and J.E. Rothman. (2000) The debate about transport in the Golgi. Two sides of the same coin?? Cell. 102:713-9.
74.. Martin, T.F. (1998) Phosphoinositide lipids as signaling molecules: common themes for signal transduction, cytoskeletall regulation, and membrane trafficking. Annu. Rev. CellDev. Biol. 14:231-64.
75.. Wurmser, A.E., J.D. Gary, and S.D. Emr. (1999) Phosphoinositide 3-kinases and their FYVE domain containingg effectors as regulators of vacuolar/lysosomal membrane trafficking pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 274:9129-32. .
76.. Gillooly, D.J., I.C. Morrow, M. Lindsay, R. Gould, N.J. Bryant, J.M. Gaullier, R.G. Parton, and H. Stenmark.. (2000) Localization of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in yeast and mammalian cells. EMBO J. 19:4577-88. .
77.. Kutateladze, T.G., K.D. Ogburn, W.T. Watson, T. de Beer, S.D. Emr, C.G. Burd, and M. Overduin. (1999) Phosphatidylinositoll 3-phosphate recognition by the FYVE domain. Mol. Cell. 3:805-11.
78.. Leevers, S.J., B. Vanhaesebroeck, and M.D. Waterfield. (1999) Signalling through phosphoinositide 3-kinases:: the lipids take centre stage. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 11:219-25.
79.. Odorizzi, G., M. Babst, and S.D. Emr. (2000) Phosphoinositide signaling and the regulation of membrane traffickingg in yeast. Trends Biochem. Sci. 25:229-35.
80.. Corvera, S., and M.P. Czech. (1998) Direct targets of phosphoinositide 3-kinase products in membrane trafficc and signal transduction. Trends Cell Biol. 8:442-6.
81.. Anderson, K.E., P. Lipp, M. Bootman, S.H. Ridley, J. Coadwell, L. Ronnstrand, J. Lennartsson, A.B. Holmes,, G.F. Painter, J. Thuring, Z. Lim, H. Erdjument-Bromage, A. Grewal, P. Tempst, L.R. Stephens, and P.T.. Hawkins. (2000) DAPP1 undergoes a PI 3-kinase-dependent cycle of plasma-membrane recruitment andd endocytosis upon cell stimulation. Curr. Biol. 10:1403-12.
82.. Irvine, R. (1998) Inositol phospholipids: translocation, translocation, translocation. Curr. Biol. 8:R557-9. 83.. Jackson, C.L., and J.E. Casanova. (2000) Turning on ARF: the Sec7 family of guanine-nucleotide-exchange
factors.. Trends Cell Biol. 10:60-7.
84.. Dell'Angelica, E.C., R. Puertollano, C. Mullins, R.C. Aguilar, J.D. Vargas, L.M. Hartnell, and J.S. Bonifacino.. (2000) GGAs: a family of ADP ribosylation factor-binding proteins related to adaptors and associatedd with the Golgi complex. J. Cell Biol. 149:81-94.
85.. Klein, D.E., A. Lee, D.W. Frank, M.S. Marks, and M.A. Lemmon. (1998) The pleckstrin homology domains off dynamin isofroms require oligomerization for high affinity phosphoinositide binding. J. Biol. Chem. 273:27725-33. .
86.. Van Tiel, C M . , C. Luberto, G.T. Snoek, Y.A. Hannun, and K.W. Wirtz. (2000) Rapid replenishment of sphingomyelinn in the plasma membrane upon degradation by sphingomyelinase in NIH3T3 cells overexpressingg the phosphatidylinositol transfer protein beta. Biochem. J. 346:537-43.
87.. Chester, M.A. (1998) IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature. Nomenclature of glycolipids.. Recommendations 1997. Eur. J. J. Biochem. 257:293-8.
88.. Hannun, Y.A., and C. Luberto. (2000) Ceramide in the eukaryotic stress response. Trends Cell Biol. 10:73-80. .
89.. Tepper, A.D., P. Ruurs, T. Wiedmer, P.J. Sims, J. Borst, and W.J. van Blitterswijk. (2000) Sphingomyelin hydrolysiss to ceramide during the execution phase of apoptosis results from phospholipid scrambling and alterss cell-surface morphology. J. Cell Biol. 150:155-64.
90.. Spiegel, S. (1999) Sphingosine 1-phosphate: a prototype of a new class of second messengers. J. Leukocyte
Biol.Biol. 65:341-4.
91.. Contos, J.J., I. Ishii, and J. Chun. (2000) Lysophosphatidic acid receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 58:1188-96. 92.. Nohturfft, A., D. Yabe, J.L. Goldstein, M.S. Brown, and P.J. Espenshade. (2000) Regulated step in
cholesteroll feedback localized to budding of SCAP from ER membranes. Cell. 102:315-23. 93.. Radhakrishnan, A., and H.M. McConnell. (2000) Chemical activity of cholesterol in membranes.
Biochemistry.Biochemistry. 39:8119-24.
94.. Prescott, S.M., G.A. Zimmerman, D.M. Stafforini, and T.M. Mclntyre. (2000) Platelet-activating factor and relatedd lipid mediators. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69:419-45.
95.. Cullis, P.R., and B. de Kruijff. (1979) Lipid polymorphism and the functional roles of lipids in biological membranes.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 559:399-420.
96.. Barr, F.A., and J. Shorter. (2000) Membrane traffic: do cones mark sites of fission. Curr. Biol. 10:R141-R4. 97.. Kirchhausen, T. (2000) Three ways to make a vesicle. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 1:187-98.
98.. Maulik, P.R., and G.G. Shipley. (1996) Interactions of N-stearoyl sphingomyelin with cholesterol and dipalmitoy(phosphatidylcholinee in bilayer membranes. Biophys. J. 70:2256-65.
99.. Maulik, P.R., and G.G. Shipley. (1995) X-ray diffraction and calorimetric study of N-lignoceryl sphingomyelinn membranes. Biophys. J. 69:1909-16.
100.. Nezil, F.A., and M. Bloom. (1992) Combined influence of cholesterol and synthetic amphiphillic peptides uponn bilayer thickness in model membranes. Biophys. J. 61:1176-83.
101.. Radhakrishnan, A., T.G. Anderson, and H.M. McConnell. (2000) Condensed complexes, rafts, and the chemicall activity of cholesterol in membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 97:12422-7.
102.. Bai, J., and R.E. Pagano. (1997) Measurement of spontaneous transfer and transbilayer movement of BODIPY-labeledd lipids in lipid vesicles. Biochemistry. 36:8840-8.
103.. Simons, K., and G. van Meer. (1988) Lipid sorting in epithelial cells. Biochemistry. 27:6197-202. 104.. Gaynor, E.C., T.R. Graham, and S.D. Emr. (1998) COPI in ER/Golgi and intra-Golgi transport: do yeast
COPII mutants point the way? Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1404:33-51.
105.. Le Borgne, R., A. Alconada, U. Bauer, and B. Hoflack. (1998) The mammalian AP-3 adaptor-like complex mediatess the intracellular transport of lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. J. Biol. Chem. 273:29451-61. 106.. Skretting, G., M.L. Torgersen, B. van Deurs, and K. Sandvig. (1999) Endocytic mechanisms responsible for
uptakee of GPI-linked diphtheria toxin receptor. / . Cell Sci. 112:3899-909.
107.. Hakomori, S., and Y. Igarashi. (1995) Functional role of glycosphingolipids in cell recognition and signaling.. J. Biochem. 118:1091-103.
108.. Shayman, J.A., and N.S. Radin. (1991) Structure and function of renal glycosphingolipids. Am. J. Physiol. 260:F291-F302. .
109.. Vos, J.P., M. Lopes-Cardozo, and B.M. Gadella. (1994) Metabolic and functional aspects of sulfogalactolipids.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1211:125-49.
110.. Morell, P., R.H. Quarles, and W.T. Norton. (1994) Formation, structure, and biochemistry of myelin. Basic
Neurochemistry.Neurochemistry. Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Aspects, 4th ed, (Siegel, GJ. , Agranoff, B.W., Albers, R.R. W., andMolinoff, P.B., eds.) Raven Press, New York:ll7-43.
111.. Coetzee, T., N. Fujita, J. Dupree, R. Shi, A. Blight, K. Suzuki, K. Suzuki, andB. Popko. (1996)Myelination inn the absence of galactocerebroside and sulfatide: Normal structure with abnormal function and regional instability.. Cell. 86:209-19.
112.. Bosio, A., E. Binczek, and W. Stoffel. (1996) Functional breakdown of the lipid bilayer of the myelin membranee in central and peripheral nervous system by disrupted galactocerebroside synthesis. Proc. Natl.
Acad.Acad. Sci. USA. 93:13280-5.
113.. Yahi, N., J.-M. Sabatier, P. Nickel, K. Mabrouk, F. Gonzalez-Scarano, and J. Fantini. (1994) Suramin inhibitss binding of the V3 region of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gpl20 to galactosylceramide, the receptor forr HIV-1 gpl20 on human colon epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269:24349-53.
114.. Falk, K.-E., K..-A. Karlsson, H. Leffler, and B.E. Samuelsson. (1979) Specific partem of glycosphingolipids enrichedd in a mucosa scraping of human small intestine. FEBS Lett. 101:273-6.
115.. Siddiqui, B., J.S. Whitehead, and Y.S. Kim. (1978) Glycosphingolipids in human colonic adenocarcinoma. J.
Biol.Biol. Chem. 253:2168-75.
116.. Simons, K., and E. Ikonen. (1997) Functional rafts in cell membranes. Nature. 387:569-72.
117.. Basu, M., T. De, K.K. Das, J.W. Kyle, H.-C. Chon, R.J. Schaeper, and S. Basu. (1987) Glycolipids. Meth.
Enzymol.Enzymol. 138:575-607.
118.. Morell, P., and N.S. Radin. (1969) Synthesis of cerebroside by brain from uridine diphosphate galactose and ceramidee containing hydroxy fatty acid. Biochemistry. 8:506-12.
119.. Costantino-Ceccarini, E., A. Cestelli, and G.H. DeVries. (1979) Characterization and developmental changes off UDP-galactose-ceramide galactosyltransferase in a rat CNS axolemma-enriched fraction. Differences and similaritiess of the enzyme associated with the microsomal and myelin fractions. J. Neurochem. 32:1175-82. 120.. Sato, C , J.A. Black, and R.K. Yu. (1988) Subcellular distribution of UDP-galactose:ceramide
galactosyltransferasee in rat brain oligodendroglia. J. Neurochem. 50:1887-93.
121.. Sato, C , and R.K. Yu. (1990) Heterosis for brain cerebroside synthesis in mice. Dev. Neurosci. 12:153-8. 122.. Burger, K.N.J., P. van der Bijl, and G. van Meer. (1996) Topology of sphingolipid galactosyltransferases in
ERR and Golgi: Transbilayer movement of monohexosyl sphingolipids is required for higher glycosphingolipidd biosynthesis. J. Cell Biol. 133:15-28.
123.. van der Bijl, P., GJ. Strous, M. Lopes-Cardozo, J. Thomas-Oates, and G. van Meer. (1996) Synthesis of non-hydroxy-galactosylceramidess and galactosyldiglycerides by hydroxy-ceramide galactosyltransferase.
Biochem.J.Biochem.J. 317:589-97.
124.. Basu, S., A.M. Schultz, M. Basu, and S. Roseman. (1971) Enzymatic synthesis of galactocerebroside by a galactosyltransferasee from embryonic chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem. 246:4272-9.
125.. Schaeren-Wiemers, N., P. van der Bijl, and M.E. Schwab. (1995) The UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase:: Expression pattern in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells during myelination and substratee preference for hydroxyceramide. J. Neurochem. 65:2267-78.
126.. Fujimoto, H., K. Tadano-Aritomi, A. Tokumasu, K. Ito, T. Hikita, K. Suzuki, and I. Ishizuka. (2000) Requirementt of seminolipid in spermatogenesis revealed by UDPgalactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase -deficientt mice. J. Biol. Chem. 275:22623-6.
127.. Siegrist, H.P., T. Burkart, U.N. Wiesmann, N.N. Herschkowitz, and M.A. Spycher. (1979) Ceramide-galactosyltransferasee and cerebroside-sulphotransferase localisation in Golgi membranes isolated by a continuouss sucrose gradient of mouse brain microsomes. J. Neurochem. 33:497-504.
128.. Koul, O., K.H. Chou, and F.B. Jungalwala. (1980) UDP-galactose-ceramide galactosyltransferase in rat brain myelinn subtractions during development. Biochem, J. 186:959-69.
129.. Carruthers, A., and E.M. Carey. (1983) UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase of isolated oligodendroglia.. J. Neurochem. 41:22-9.
130.. Koul, O., and F.B. Jungalwala. (1986) UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase of rat central nervous systemm myelin during development. Neurochem. Res. 11:231-9.
131.. Schulte, S., and W. Stoffel. (1995) UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase and glutamate/aspartate transporter.. Copurification, separation and characterization of the two glycoproteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 233:947-53. .
132.. Schulte, S., and W. Stoffel. (1993) Ceramide UDP-galactosyltransferase from myelinating rat brain: Purification,, cloning, and expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:10265-9.
133.. Stahl, N., H. Jurevics, P. Morell, K. Suzuki, and B. Popko. (1994) Isolation, characterization, and expression off cDNA clones that encode rat UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase. J. Neurosci. Res. 38:234-42. 134.. Deutscher, S.L., and C.B. Hirschberg. (1986) Mechanism of galactosylation in the Golgi apparatus. A
Chinesee hamster ovary cell mutant deficient in translocation of UDP-galactose across Golgi vesicle membranes.. J. Biol. Chem. 261:96-100.
135.. Wenger, D.A., K. Subba Rao, and R.A. Pieringer. (1970) The metabolism of glyceride glycolipids. 3. Biosynthesiss of digalactosyldiglyceride by galactosyltransferase pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 245:2513-9. 136.. Honke, K., M. Tsuda, Y. Hirahara, A. Ishii, A. Makita, and Y. Wada. (1997) Molecular cloning and
expressionn of cDNA encoding human 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase. J.
Biol.Biol. Chem. 272:4864-8.
137.. Barondes, S.H., D.N.W. Cooper, M.A. Gitt, and H. Leffler. (1994) Galectins. Structure and function of a largee family of animal lectins. J. Biol. Chem. 269:20807-10.
138.. Makita, A., and N. Taniguchi. (1985) Glycosphingolipids. in: Glycolipids (Wiegandt, H., ed.). New
ComprehensiveComprehensive Biochemistry (Neuberger, A., and van Deenen, L.L.M., series eds.J. 10:1-99.
139.. Carter, H.E., P. Johnson, and E.J. Weber. (1965) Glycolipids. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 34:109-42. 140.. Breimer, M.E., G.C. Hansson, K.-A. Karlsson, and H. Leffler. (1981) Glycosphingolipids and the
differentiationn of intestinal epithelium. Exp. Cell Res. 135:1-13.
141.. Bligh, E.G., and W.J. Dyer. (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J.
Biochem.Biochem. Physiol. 37:911-7.
142.. van der Bijl, P., M. Lopes-Cardozo, and G. van Meer. (1996) Sorting of newly synthesized galactosphingolipidss to the two surface domains of epithelial cells. J. Cell Biol. 132:813-21. 143.. Young, O.M., and J.N. Kanfer. (1965) An improved separation of sphingolipids by thin-layer
chromatography.. J.Chrom. 19:611-3.
144.. Kean, E.L. (1966) Separation of gluco- and galactocerebrosides by means of borate thin-layer chromatography.. J. Lipid Res. 7:449-52.
145.. Pagano, R.E., and O.C. Martin. (1988) A series of fluorescent N-acylsphingosines: synthesis, physical properties,, and studies in cultured cells. Biochemistry. 27:4439-45.
146.. Yachida, Y., M. Kashiwagi, T. Mikami, K. Tsuchihashi, T. Daino, T. Akino, and S. Gasa. (1998) Stereochemicall structures of synthesized and natural plasmalogalactosylceramides from equine brain. J.
LipidLipid Res. 39:1039-45.
147.. McCluer, R.H., M.D. Ullman, and F.B. Jungalwala. (1986) HPLC of glycosphingolipids and phospholipids.
Adv.Adv. Chrom. 25:309-53.
148.. Briigger, B., G. Erben, R. Sandhoff, F.T. Wieland, and W.D. Lehmann. (1997) Quantitative analysis of biologicall membrane lipids at the low picomole level by nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Set. USA. 94:2339-44.
149.. Backer, A.E., M.E. Breimer, B.E. Samuelsson, and J. Holgersson. (1997) Biochemical and enzymatic characterizationn of blood group ABH and related histo-blood group glycosphingolipids in the epithelial cells off porcine small intestine. Glycobiology. 7:943-53.
150.. Magnani, J.L., S.L. Spitalnik, and V. Ginsburg. (1987) Antibodies against cell surface carbohydrates: determinationn of antigen structure. Meth. Enzymol. 138:195-207.
151.. Uchida, T., and Y. Nagai. (1980) Affinity chromatographic purification of anti-glycolipid antibodies and theirr application to the membrane studies. Anti-galactocerebroside antibodies. J. Biochem. 87:1829-41. 152.. Lingwood, C , and H. Schachter. (1981) Localization of sulfatoxygalactosylacylalkylglycerol at the surface
off rat testicular germinal cells by immunocytochemical techniques: pH dependence of a nonimmunological reactionn between immunoglobulin and germinal cells. J. Cell Biol. 89:621-30.
153.. Sakakibara, K., M. Iwamori, T. Uchida, and Y. Nagai. (1981) Immunohistochemical localization of galactocerebrosidee in kidney, liver, and lung of golden hamster. Experientia. 37:712-4.
154.. Sommer, I., and M. Schachner. (1981) Monoclonal antibodies (01 to 04) to oligodendrocyte cell surfaces: Ann immunocytological study in the central nervous system. Develop. Biol. 83:311-27.
155.. Ranscht, B., P.A. Clapshaw, J. Price, M. Noble, and W. Seifert. (1982) Development of oligodendrocytes andd Schwann cells studied wim a monoclonal antibody against galactocerebroside. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA.USA. 79:2709-13.
156.. Goujet-Zalc, C , A. Guerci, G. Dubois, and B. Zalc. (1986) Schwann cell marker defined by a monoclonal antibodyy (224-58) wim species cross-reactivity. II. Molecular characterization of the epitope. J. Neurochem. 46:435-9. .
157.. Benjamins, J.A., R.E. Callahan, I.N. Montgomery, D.M. Studzinski, and C.A. Dyer. (1987) Production and characterizationn of high titer antibodies to galactocerebroside. J. Neuroimmunol. 14:325-38.
158.. Crook, S.J., R. Stewart, J.M. Boggs, A.I. Vistnes, and B. Zalc. (1987) Characterization of anti-cerebroside sulfatee antisera using a theoretical model to analyse liposome immune lysis data. Mol. Immunol. 24:1135-43. 159.. Fredman, P., L. Mattsson, K. Andersson, P. Davidsson, I. Ishizuka, S. Jeansson, J.E. Mansson, and L.
Svennerholm.. (1988) Characterization of the binding epitope of a monoclonal antibody to sulphatide.
Biochem.Biochem. J. 251:17-22.
160.. Nakakuma, H., M. Arai, T. Kawaguchi, K. Horikawa, M. Hidaka, K. Sakamoto, M. Iwamori, Y. Nagai, and K.. Takatsuki. (1989) Monoclonal antibody to galactosylceramide: discrimination of structural difference in thee ceramide moiety. FEBS Lett. 258:230-2.
161.. Murakami, H., Z. Lam, B.C. Furie, V.N. Reinhold, T. Asano, and B. Furie. (1991) Sulfated glycolipids are thee platelet autoantigens for human platelet-binding monoclonal anti-DNA autoantibodies. J. Biol. Ckem. 266:15414-9. .
162.. Arvanitis, D., M. Dumas, and S. Szuchet. (1992) Myelin palingenesis. 2. Immunocytochemical localization off myelin/oligodendrocyte glycolipids in multilamellar structures. Dev, Neurosci. 14:328-35.
163.. Bhat, S. (1992) Galactose to ceramide linkage is essential for the binding of a polyclonal antibody to galactosylceramide.. J. Neuroimmunol. 41:105-10.
164.. Bansal, R., A.E. Warrington, A.L. Gard, B. Ranscht, and S.E. Pfeiffer. (1989) Multiple and novel specificitiess of monoclonal antibodies 0 1 , 0 4 , and R-mAb used in the analysis of oligodendrocyte development.. J. Neurosci. Res. 24:548-57.
165.. Gadella, B.M., T.W.J. Gadella, Jr., B. Colenbrander, L.M.G. van Golde, and M. Lopes-Cardozo. (1994) Visualizationn and quantification of glycolipid polarity dynamics in the plasma membrane of the mammalian spermatozoon.. J. CellSci. 107:2151-63.
166.. Kozaki, S., J. Ogasawara, Y. Shimote, Y. Kamata, and G. Sakaguchi. (1987) Antigenic structure of Clostridiumm botulinum type B neurotoxin and its interaction with gangliosides, cerebroside, and free fatty acids.. Infection & Immunity. 55:3051-6.
167.. Bhat, S., S.L. Spitalnik, F. Gonzalez-Scarano, and D.H. Silberberg. (1991) Galactosylceramide or a derivativee is an essential component of the neural receptor for HIV type 1 envelope glycoprotein gpl20.
Proc.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:7131-4.
168.. Bhat, S., T. Otsuka, and A. Srinivasan. (1994) Benzopurpurin and related compounds inhibit the binding of gpl200 to galactosylceramide/sulfatide and infection of HIV. DNA Cell Biol. 13:211-6.
169.. van den Berg, L.H., S.A. Sadiq, S. Lederman, and N. Latov. (1992) The gpl20 glycoprotein of HIV-1 binds too sulfatide and to the myelin associated glycoprotein. J. Neurosci. Res. 33:513-8.
170.. Cook, D.G., J. Fantini, S.L. Spitalnik, and F. Gonzalez-Scarano. (1994) Binding of HIV-1 gpl20 to galactosylceramidee (GalCer): Relationship to the V3 loop. Virology. 201:206-14.
171.. Long, D., J.F. Berson, D.G. Cook, and R. W. Doms. (1994) Characterization of HIV type 1 gpl 20 binding to liposomess containing galactosylceramide. J. Virology. 68:5890-8.
172.. McAlamey, T., S. Apostolski, S. Lederman, andN. Latov. (1994) Characteristics of HIV-1 gpl20 glycoproteinn binding to glycolipids. J. Neurosci. Res. 37:453-60.
173.. Yahi, N., J.-M. Sabatier, S. Baghdiguian, F. Gonzalez-Scarano, and J. Fantini. (1995) Synthetic multimeric peptidess derived from the principal neutralization domain (V3 loop) of HIV-1 gpl 20 bind to GalCer and blockk HIV-1 infection in a human CD4-negative mucosal epithelial cell line. J. Virol. 69:320-5. 174.. Hammache, D., G. Pieroni, N. Yahi, O. Delezay, N. Koch, H. Lafont, C. Tamalet, and J. Fantini. (1998)
Specificc interaction of HIV-1 and HIV-2 surface envelope glycoproteins with monolayers of galactosylceramidee and ganglioside GM3. J. Biol. Chem. 273:7967-71.
175.. Roberts, D.D., D.M. Haverstick, V.M. Dixit, W.A. Frazier, S.A. Santoro, and V. Ginsburg. (1985) The platelett glycoprotein thrombospondin binds specifically to sulfated glycolipids. J. Biol. Chem. 260:9405-11. 176.. Aruffo, A., W. Kolanus, G. Walz, P. Fredman, and B. Seed. (1991) CD62/P-selecrin recognition of myeloid
andd tumor cell sulfaudes. Cell. 67:35-44.
177.. Suzuki, Y., Y. Toda, T. Tamatani, T. Watanabe, T. Suzuki, T. Nakao, K. Murase, M. Kiso, A. Hasegawa, K. Tadano-Aritomi,, and et al. (1993) Sulfated glycolipids are ligands for a lymphocyte homing receptor, L-selectinn (LECAM-1), Binding epitope in sulfated sugar chain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 190:426-34. 178.. Crossin, K.L., and G.M. Edelman. (1992) Specific binding of cytotactin to sulfated glycolipids. J. Neurosci.
Res.Res. 33:631-8.
179.. Kobayashi, T., K. Honke, T. Miyazaki, K. Matsumoto, T. Nakamura, I. Ishizuka, and A. Makita. (1994) Hepatocytee growth factor specifically binds to sulfoglycolipids. J. Biol. Chem. 269:9817-21.
180.. Butor, C , E.H. Stelzer, A. Sonnenberg, and J. Davoust. (1991) Apical and basal Forssman antigen in MDCK III cells: a morphological and quantitative study. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 56:269-85.
181.. van Helvoort, A., M.L. Giudici, M. Thielemans, and G. van Meer. (1997) Transport of sphingomyelin to the celll surface is inhibited by brefeldin A and in mitosis, where C6-NBD-sphingomyelin is translocated across thee plasma membrane by a multidrug transporter activity. J. Cell Sci. 110:75-83.
182.. Neskovic, N.M., P. Mandel, and S. Gatt. (1981) UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase from rat brain.. Meth. Enzymol. 71:521-36.
183.. Costantino-Ceccarini, E., and A. Cestelli. (1981) A novel assay method for the biosynthesis of galactosyl-andd glucosylceramides. Meth. Enzymol. 72:384-91.
184.. Warren, K.R., R.S. Misra, R.C. Arora, and N.S. Radin. (1976) Glycosyltransferases of rat brain that make cerebrosides:: substrate specificity, inhibitors, and abnormal products. J. Neurochem. 26:1063-72. 185.. Neskovic, N.M., G. Roussel, and J.L. Nussbaum. (1986) UDP-galactosexeramide galactosyltransferase of
186.. Lipsky, N.G., and R.E. Pagano. (198S) Intracellular translocation of fluorescent sphingolipids in cultured fibroblasts:: endogenously synthesized sphingomyelin and ghicocerebroside analogues pass through the Golgi apparatuss en route to the plasma membrane. J. Cell Biol. 100:27-34.
187.. Ong, D.E., and R.N. Brady. (1972) Synthesis of ceramides using N-hydroxysuccinimide esters. J. Lipid Res. 13:819-22. .
188.. Bonner, W.M., and J.D. Stedman. (1978) Efficient fluorography of ^ and 14C on thin layers. Anal. Biochem.
89:247-56. .
189.. Paul, P., Y. Kamisaka, D.L. Marks, and R.E. Pagano. (1996) Purification and characterization of UDP-glucosexeramidee glucosyltransferase from rat liver Golgi membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 271:2287-93. 190.. Inokuchi, J., K. Momosaki, H. Shimeno, A. Nagamatsu, andN.S. Radin. (1989) Effects of D-threo-PDMP,
ann inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthetase, on expression of cell surface glycolipid antigen and binding to adhesivee proteins by B16 melanoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 141:573-83.
191.. Laemmli, U.K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during me assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
Nature.Nature. 227:680-5.
192.. Coetzee, T., K. Suzuki, and B. Popko. (1998) New perspectives on the function of myelin galactolipids.
TrendsTrends in Neurosciences. 21:126-30.
193.. Zeiler, C.B., and R.B. Marchase. (1992) Gangliosides as modulators of cell function. Am. J. Physiol. 262:C1341-C55. .
194.. Hakomori, S., K. Handa, K. Iwabuchi, S. Yamamura, and A. Prinetti. (1998) New insights in
glycosphingolipidd function: "glycosignaling domain," a cell surface assembly of glycosphingolipids with signall transducer molecules, involved in cell adhesion coupled with signaling. Glycobiology. 8:xi-xix. 195.. Sandvig, K., M. Ryd, 0 . Garred, E. Schweda, P.K. Holm, and B. Van Deurs. (1994) Retrograde transport
fromm the Golgi complex to the ER of both Shiga toxin and the nontoxic Shiga B-fragment is regulated by butyricc acid and cAMP. J. Cell Biol. 126:53-64.
196.. Harouse, J.M., S. Bhat, S.L. Spitalnik, M. Laughlin, K. Stefano, D.H. Silberberg, and F. Gonzalez-Scarano. (1991)) Inhibition of entry of HIV-1 in neural cell lines by antibodies against galactosylceramide. Science
USA.USA. 253:320-3.
197.. Futerman, A.H., and R.E. Pagano. (1991) Determination of the intracellular sites and topology of glucosylceramidee synthesis in rat liveT. Biochem. J. 280:295-302.
198.. van Echten, G., and K. Sandhoff. (1993) Ganglioside metabolism. Enzymology, topology, and regulation. J.
Biol.Biol. Chem. 268:5341-4.
199.. Jeckel, D., A. Karrenbauer, K.N.J. Burger, G. van Meer, and F. Wieland. (1992) Glucosylceramide is synthesizedd at the cytosolic surface of various Golgi subtractions. J. Cell Biol. 117:259-67.
200.. Fleischer, B. (1977) Localization of some glycolipid glycosylating enzymes in the Golgi apparatus of rat kidney.. J. Supramol Struct. 7:79-89.
201.. Koul, O., I. Singh, and F.B. Jungalwala. (1988) Synthesis and transport of cerebrosides and sulfatides in rat brainn during development. J. Neurochem. 50:580-8.
202.. Roussel, G., J.L. Nussbaum, A. Espinosa de los Monteros, and N.M. Neskovic. (1987) Immunocytochemical localizationn of UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase in myelin and oligodendroglial cells of rat brain.. J. Neurocytol. 16:85-92.
203.. Neskovic, N.M., L.L. Sarlieve, and P. Mandel. (1973) Subcellular and submicrosomal distribution of glycolipid-synthesizingg transferases in young rat brain. J. Neurochem. 20:1419-30.
204.. Deshmukh, D.S., A.W. Vorbrodt, P.K. Lee, W.D. Bear, and S. Kuizon. (1988) Studies on the submicrosomal fractionss of bovine oligodendroglia: Lipid composition and glycolipid biosynthesis. Neurochem. Res. 13:571-82. .
205.. Ichikawa, S., H. Sakiyama, G. Suzuki, K.I.-P.J. Hidari, and Y. Hirabayashi. (1996) Expression cloning of a cDNAA for human ceramide glucosyltransferase that catalyzes the first glycosylation step of
glycosphingolipidd syndiesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:4638-43.
206.. Wamock, D.E., C. Roberts, M.S. Lutz, W.A. Blackburn, W.W. Young, Jr., and J.U. Baenziger. (1993) Determinationn of plasma membrane lipid mass and composition in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells usingg high gradient magnetic affinity chromatography. J. Biol. Chem. 268:10145-53.
207.. Bansal, R., and S.E. Pfeiffer. (1987) Regulated galactolipid synthesis and cell surface expression in Schwann celll line D6P2T. J. Neurochem. 49:1902-11.
208.. Kornfeld, R., and S. Kornfeld. (1985) Assembly of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 54:631-64. .
209.. Edman, J.C., L. Ellis, R.W. Blacher, R.A. Roth, and W.J. Rutter. (1985) Sequence of protein disulphide isomerasee and implications of its relationship to thioredoxin. Nature. 317:267-70.
210.. Jasmin, B.J., J. Cartaud, M. Bornens, and J.P. Changeux. (1989) Golgi apparatus in chick skeletal muscle: changess in its distribution during end plate development and after denervation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:7218-22. .
211.. Jackson, M.R., T. Nilsson, and P.A. Peterson. (1993) Retrieval of transmembrane proteins to the endoplasmicc reticulum. 7. Cell Biol. 121:317-33.
212.. Miura, N., N. Ishida, M. Hoshino, M. Yamauchi, T. Hara, D. Ayusawa, and M. Kawakita. (1996) Human UDP-galactosee translocator: molecular cloning of a complementary DNA that complements the genetic defectt of a mutant cell line deficient in UDP-galactose translocator. J. Biochem. Biochem. (Tokyo). 120:236-41. 213.. Radin, N.S., and R.J. Metz. (1983) Cerebroside transfer protein. Meth. Enzymol. 98:613-22.
214.. Sasaki, T., and A. Abe. (1989) Glycolipid transfer protein from pig brain. Meth. Enzymol. 179:559-66. 215.. van der Sluijs, P., M. Hull, A. Zahraoui, A. Tavitian, B. Goud, and I. Mellman. (1991) The small
GTP-bindingg protein rab4 is associated with early endosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:6313-7.
216.. Graham, F.L., and A.J. van der Eb. (1973) A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 55 DNA. Virology. 52:456-67.
217.. Matter, K., W. Hunziker, and I. Mellman. (1992) Basolateral sorting of LDL receptor in MDCK cells: the cytoplasmicc domain contains two tyrosine-dependent targeting determinants. Cell. 71:741-53.
218.. Evan, G.I., G.K. Lewis, G. Ramsay, and J.M. Bishop. (1985) Isolation of monoclonal antibodies specific for humann c-myc proto- oncogene product. Mol. Cell Biol. 5:3610-6.
219.. Bottger, G., B. Nagelkerken, and P. van der Sluijs. (1996) Rab4 and Rab7 define distinct nonoverlapping endosomall compartments. J. Biol. Chem. 271:29191-7.
220.. Peters, P.J., J.J. Neefjes, V. Oorschot, H.L. Ploegh, and H.J. Geuze. (1991) Segregation of MHC class II moleculess from MHC class I molecules in the Golgi complex for transport to lysosomal compartments.
Nature.Nature. 349:669-76.
221.. Liou, W., H.J. Geuze, M.J. Geelen, and J.W. Slot. (1997) The autophagic and endocytic pamways converge att the nascent autophagic vacuoles. J. Cell Biol. 136:61-70.
222.. Takamiya, K., A. Yamamoto, K. Furukawa, S. Yamashiro, M. Shin, M. Okada, S. Fukumoto, M. Haraguchi, N.. Takeda, K. Fujimura, M. Sakae, M. Kishikawa, H. Shiku, K. Furukawa, and S. Aizawa. (1996) Mice with disruptedd GM2/GD2 synthase gene lack complex gangliosides but exhibit only subtle defects in their nervouss system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:10662-7.
223.. Sheikh, K.A., J. Sun, Y. Liu, H. Kawai, T.O. Crawford, R.L. Praia, J.W. Griffin, and R.L. Schnaar. (1999) Micee lacking complex gangliosides develop Wallerian degeneration and myelination defects. Proc. Natl.
Acad.Acad. Sci. USA. 96:7'532-7.
224.. Yamashita, T., R. Wada, T. Sasaki, C. Deng, U. Bierfreund, K. Sandhoff, and R.L. Proia. (1999) A vital role forr glycosphingolipid synthesis during development and differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:9142-7. .
225.. Basu, P.K., P. Sarkar, I. Menon, F. Carre, and S. Persad. (1983) Bovine retinal pigment epithelial cells culturedd in vitro: growth characteristics, morphology, chromosomes, phagocytosis ability, tyrosinase activity andd effect of freezing. Exp. Eye Res. 36:671-83.
226.. Coatcs, S.W., T. Gurney, Jr., L.W. Sommers, M. Yeh, and C.B. Hirschberg. (1980) Subcellular localization off sugar nucleotide synthetases. J. Biol. Chem. 255:9225-9.
227.. Kuhn, N.J., and A. White. (1976) Evidence for specific transport of uridine diphosphate galactose across the Golgii membrane of rat mammary gland. Biochem. J. 154:243-4.
228.. Hirschberg, C.B., P.W. Robbins, and C. Abeijon. (1998) Transporters of nucleotide sugars, ATP, and nucleotidee sulfate in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 67:49-69. 229.. Perez, M., and C.B. Hirschberg. (1985) Translocation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine into vesicles derived
fromm rat liver rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. J. Biol. Chem. 260:4671-8.
230.. Ishida, N., N. Miura, S. Yoshioka, and M. Kawakita. (1996) Molecular cloning and characterization of a novell isoform of the human UDP-galactose transporter, and of related complementary DNAs belonging to thee nucleotide-sugar transporter gene family. J. Biochem. (Tokyo). 120:1074-8.
231.. Yoshioka, S., G.H. Sun-Wada, N. Ishida, and M. Kawakita. (1997) Expression of the human UDP-galactose transporterr in the Golgi membranes of murine Had-1 cells that lack the endogenous transporter. J. Biochem.
(Tokyo).(Tokyo). 122:691-5.
232.. Tabuchi, M., N. Tanaka, S. Iwahara, and K. Takegawa. (1997) The Schizosaccharomyces pombe gmsl+ genee encodes an UDP-galactose transporter homologue required for protein galactosylation. Biochem.
Biophys.Biophys. Res. Comm. 232:121-5.
233.. Segawa, H., N. Ishida, K. Takegawa, and M. Kawakita. (1999) Schizosaccharomyces pombe UDP-galactose transporter:: identification of its functional form through cDNA cloning and expression in mammalian cells.
FEBSFEBS Lett. 451:295-8.
234.. Ishida, N., S. Yoshioka, M. lida, K. Sudo, N. Miura, K. Aoki, and M. Kawakita. (1999) Indispensability of transmembranee domains of Golgi UDP-galactose transporter as revealed by analysis of genetic defects in UDP-galactosee transporter-deficient murine had-1 mutant cell lines and construction of deletion mutants. J.
235.. Kawakita, M., N. Ishida, N. Miura, G.H. Sun-Wada, and S. Yoshioka. (1998) Nucleotide sugar transporters: elucidationn of their molecular identity and its implication for future studies. J. Biochem. (Tokyo). 123:777-85. .
236.. Brandli, A.W., G.C. Hansson, E. Rodriguez-Boulan, and K. Simons. (1988) A polarized epithelial cell mutantt deficient in translocation of UDP-galactose into the Golgi complex. J. Biol. Chem. 263:16283-90. 237.. Taki, T , K. Ogura, C. Rokukawa, T. Hara, M. Kawakita, T. Endo, A. Kobata, and S. Handa. (1991) Had-1, a
undinee 5'-diphosphogalactose transport-defective mutant of mouse mammary tumor cell FM3A: composition off glycolipids, cell growth inhibition by lactosylceramide, and loss of tumorigenicity. CancerRes. 51:1701-7. .
238.. Aoki, K., G.H. Sun-Wada, H. Segawa, S. Yoshioka, N. Ishida, and M. Kawakita. (1999) Expression and activityy of chimeric molecules between human UDP-galactose transporter and CMP-sialic acid transporter. J.
Biochem.Biochem. (Tokyo). 126:940-50.
239.. Nomina, T., M. Takizawa, J. Aoki, H. Arai, K. Inoue, E. Wakisaka, N. Yoshizuka, G. Imokawa, N. Dohmae, K.. Takio, M. Hattori, and N. Matsuo. (1998) Purification, cDNA cloning, and expression of UDP-Gal: glucosylceramidee beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase from rat brain. J. Biol. Chem. 273:13570-7.
240.. Lannert, H., K. Gorgas, I. Meiflner, F.T. Wieland, and D. Jeckel. (1998) Functional organization of the Golgi apparatuss in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. Lactosylceramide and subsequent glycosphingolipids are formedd in me lumen of the late Golgi. J. Biol. Chem. 273:2939-46.
241.. Coste, H., M.B. Martel, andR. Got. (1986) Topology of glucosylceramide synthesis in Golgi membranes fromm porcine submaxillary glands. Biochim Biophys. Acta. 858:6-12.
242.. Nilsson, T., M.H. Hoe, P. Slusarewicz, C. Rabouille, R. Watson, F. Hunte, G. Watzele, E.G. Berger, and G. Warren.. (1994) Kin recognition between medial Golgi enzymes in HeLa cells. EMBOJ. 13:562-74. 243.. Strous, G.J. (1986) Golgi and secreted galactosyltransferase. CRC Crit. Rev. Biochem. 21:119-51. 244.. Lannert, H., C. Bünning, D. Jeckel, and F.T. Wieland. (1994) Lactosylceramide is synthesized in die lumen
off the Golgi apparatus. FEBS Lett. 342:91-6.
245.. Varki, A. (1998) Factors controlling the glycosylation potential of the Golgi apparatus. Trends Cell Biol. 8:34-40. .
246.. Rabouille, C , N. Hui, F. Hunte, R. Kieckbusch, E.G. Berger, G. Warren, and T. Nilsson. (1995) Mapping thee distribution of Golgi enzymes involved in the construction of complex oligosaccharides. J. CellSci. 108:1617-27. .
247.. Roth, J., and E.G. Berger. (1982) Immunocytochemical localization of galactosyltransferase in HeLa cells: codistributionn with thiamine pyrophosphatase in trans-Golgi cistemae. J. Cell Biol. 93:223-9.
248.. Holmes, E.H. (1989) Characterization and membrane organization of Bl, 3- and Bl, 4-galactosyltransferases fromm human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines Colo 205 and SW403: Basis for preferential synthesis of type 11 chain lacto-series carbohydrate structures. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 270:630-46.
249.. Trinchera, M., and R. Ghidoni. (1989) Two glycosphingolipid sialyltransferases are localized in different sub-Golgii compartments in rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 264:15766-9.
250.. Colley, K.J. (1997) Golgi localization of glycosyltransferases: more questions than answers. Glycobiology. 7:1-13. .
251.. Fullekrug, J., and T. Nilsson. (1998) Protein sorting in the Golgi complex. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1404:77-84. .
252.. Ikushiro, S., Y. Emi, and T. Iyanagi. (1997) Protein-protein interactions between UDP-glucuronosyltransferasee isozymes in rat hepatic microsomes. Biochemistry. 36:7154-61.
253.. Field, M.C., and L.J. Wainwright. (1995) Molecular cloning of eukaryotic glycoprotein and glycolipid glycosyltransferases:: a survey [published erratum appears in Glycobiology 1996 Jan;6(l):5]. Glycobiology. 5:463-72. .
254.. Opat, A.S., F. Houghton, and P.A. Gleeson. (2000) Medial Golgi but not late Golgi glycosyltransferases existt as high molecular weight complexes. Role of luminal domain in complex formation and localization. J.
Biol.Biol. Chem. 275:11836-45.
255.. Kishimoto, Y. (1975) A facile synthesis of ceramides. Chem. Phys. Lipids. 15:33-6.
256.. Morton, P.A., M.L. Zacheis, K.S. Giacoletto, J.A. Manning, and B.D. Schwartz. (1995) Delivery of nascent MHCC class II-invariant chain complexes to lysosomal compartments and proteolysis of invariant chain by cysteinee proteases precedes peptide binding in B-lymphoblastoid cells. J. Immunol. 154:137-50. 257.. Hansen, S.H., and J.E. Casanova. (1994) GSa stimulates transcytosis and apical secretion in MDCK cells
throughh cAMP and protein kinase A. J. Cell Biol. 126:677-87.
258.. Beaufay, H., A. Amar-Costesec, E. Feytmans, D. Thines-Sempoux, M. Wibo, M. Robbi, and J. Berthet. (1974)) Analytical study of microsomes and isolated subcellular membranes from rat liver. I. Biochemical methods.. J. Cell Biol. 61:188-200.
259.. Brown, D.A., and E. London. (1998) Structure and origin of ordered lipid domains in biological membranes.
260.. Brown, R.E. (1998) Sphingolipid organization in biomembranes: what physical studies of model membranes reveal./.. CellSci. 111:1-9.
261.. Brown, D.A., and E. London. (1998) Functions of lipid rafts in biological membranes. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev.
Biol.Biol. 14:111-36.
262.. Holthuis, J.C.M., T. Pomorski, R.J. Raggers, H. Sprong, and G. van Meer. (2001) The organizing potential off sphingolipids in intracellular membrane transport. Physiol. Rev. in press.
263.. Ichikawa, S., N. Nakajo, H. Sakiyama, and Y. Hirabayashi. (1994) A mouse B16 melanoma mutant deficient inn glycolipids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:2703-7.
264.. Slominski, A., G. Moellmann, E. Kuklinska, A. Bomirski, and J. Pawelek. (1988) Positive regulation of melaninn pigmentation by two key substrates of the melanogenic pathway, L-tyrosine and L-dopa. J. Cell Sci. 89:287-96. .
265.. Petrescu, S.M., A.-J. Petrescu, H.N. Titu, R.A. Dwek, and F.M. Piatt. (1997) Inhibition of JV-glycan processingg in Bl 6 melanoma cells results in inactivation of tyrosinase but does not prevent its transport to thee melanosome. J. Biol. Chem. 272:15796-803.
266.. Beermann, F., S.J. Orlow, R.E. Boissy, A. Schmidt, Y.L. Boissy, and M.L. Lamoreux. (1995) Misrouting of tyrosinasee with a truncated cytoplasmic tail as a result of the murine platinum (cp) mutation. Exp. Eye Res. 61:599-607. .
267.. Munro, S. (1991) Sequences within and adjacent to the transmembrane segment of alpha-2,6-sialyltransferasee specify Golgi retention. EMBOJ. 10:3577-88.
268.. Munro, S. (1995) An investigation of the role of transmembrane domains in Golgi protein retention. EMBO
J.J. 14:4695-704.
269.. Hofmann, K., and W. Stoffel. (1993) TMBase- A database of membrane spanning protein segments. Biol.
Chem.Chem. Hoppe-Seyler. 374:166.
270.. Vijayasaradhi, S., Y. Xu, B. Bouchard, and A.N. Houghton. (1995) Intracellular sorting and targeting of melanosomall membrane proteins: identification of signals for sorting of the human brown locus protein, g p 7 5 . // Cell Biol. 130:807-20.
271.. Jimbow, K., P.F. Gomez, K. Toyofuku, D. Chang, S. Miura, H. Tsujiya, and J.S. Park. (1997) Biological role off tyrosinase related protein and its biosynthesis and transport from TGN to stage I melanosome, late endosome,, through gene transfection study. Pigment Cell Res. 10:206-13.
272.. Kornfeld, S. (1992) Structure and function of the mannose 6-phosphate/insulinlike growth factor II receptors.
Annu.Annu. Rev. Biochem. 61:307-30.
273.. Meyer, C , D. Zizioli, S. Lausmann, E.L. Eskelinen,, J. Hamann, P. Saftig, K. von Figura, and P. Schu. (2000) mulA-adaptin-deficientt mice: lethality, loss of AP-1 binding and rerouting of mannose 6-phosphate receptors.. EMBOJ. 19:2193-203.
274.. Ludwig, T., H. Munier-Lehmann, U. Bauer,, M. Hollinshead, C. Ovitt, P. Lobel, and B. Hoflack. (1994) Differentiall sorting of lysosomal enzymes in mannose 6-phosphate receptor-deficient fibroblasts. EMBOJ.
13:3430-7. .
275.. Rosenwatd, A.G., and R.E. Pagano. (1993) Inhibition of glycoprotein traffic through the secretory pathway byy ceramide. J. Biol. Chem. 268:4577-9.
276.. Negroiu, G., N. Branza-Nichita, A.J. Petrescu, R.A. Dwek, and S.M. Petrescu. (1999) Protein specific N-glycosylationn of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Biochem. J. 344 Ptt 3:659-65.
277.. Brown, D.A., W.Y. Ren, A. Khorlin, K. Lesiak, D. Conklin, K.A. Watanabe, M.M. Seidman, and J. George. (1998)) Aliphatic and alicyclic diols induce melanogenesis in cultured cells and guinea pig skin. J. Invest.
Dermatol.Dermatol. 110:428-37.
278.. Martinez-Esparza, M., C. Jimenez-Cervantes, F. Beermann, P. Aparicio, J.A. Lozano, and J.C. Garcia-Borron.. (1997) Transforming growth factor-betal inhibits basal melanogenesis in B16/F10 mouse melanoma cellss by increasing the rate of degradation of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1. J. Biol. Chem. 272:3967-72. .
279.. Oetting, W.S., and R.A. King. (1999) Molecular basis of albinism: mutations and polymorphisms of pigmentationn genes associated with albinism. Hum. Mut. 13:99-115.
280.. Halaban, R., E. Cheng, Y. Zhang, G. Moellmann, D. Hanlon, M. Michalak, V. Setaluri, and D.N. Hebert. (1997)) Aberrant retention of tyrosinase in the endoplasmic reticulum mediates accelerated degradation of the enzymee and contributes to the dedifferentiated phenotype of amelanotic melanoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci.Sci. USA. 94:6210-5.
281.. Calvo, P.A., D.W. Frank, B.M. Bieler, J.F. Berson, and M.S. Marks. (1999) A cytoplasmic sequence in humann tyrosinase defines a second class of di-leucine-based sorting signals for late endosomal and lysosomal delivery.. J. Biol. Chem. 274:12780-9.
282.. Simmen, T., A. Schmidt, W. Hunziker, and F. Beermann. (1999) The tyrosinase tail mediates sorting to the lysosomall compartment in MDCK cells via a di-leucine and a tyrosine-based signal. J. Cell Sci. 112:45-53.
283.. Honing, S., I.V. Sandoval, and K. von Figura. (1998) A di-leucine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail of LIMP-III and tyrosinase mediates selective binding of AP-3. EMBOJ. 17:1304-14.
284.. Kirchhausen, T. (1999) Adaptors for clathrin-mediated traffic. Annu, Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 15:705-32. 285.. Feng, L., A.B. Seymour, S. Jiang, A. To, A.A. Peden, E.K. Novak, L. Zhen, M.E. Rusiniak, E.M. Eicher,
M.S.. Robinson, M.B. Gorin, and R.T. Swank. (1999) The beta3A subunit gene (Ap3Bl) of the AP-3 adaptor complexx is altered in the mouse hypopigmentation mutant pearl, a model for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome andd night blindness. Hum. Mol. Genet. 8:323-30.
286.. Dell'Angelica, E., V. Shotelersuk, R.C. Aguilar, W.A. Gahl, and J.S. Bonifacino. (1999) Altered trafficking off lysosomal proteins in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome due to mutations in the B3 A subunit of the AP-3 adaptor.. Mol. Cell. 3:11-21.
287.. Skibbens, J.E., M.G. Roth, and K.S. Matlin. (1989) Differential extractability of influenza virus hemagglutininn during intracellular transport in polarized epithelial cells and non-polar fibroblasts. J. Cell
Biol.Biol. 108:821-32.
288.. Brown, D.A., and J.K. Rose. (1992) Sorting of GPI-anchored proteins to glycolipid-enriched membrane subdomainss during transport to the apical cell surface. Cell. 68:533-44.
289.. Yoshimori, T., P. Keller, M.G. Roth, and K. Simons. (1996) Different biosynthetic transport routes to the plasmaa membrane in BHK and CHO cells. J. Cell Biol. 133:247-56.
290.. Rothman, J.E. (1981) The Golgi apparatus: Two organelles in tandem. Science. 213:1212-9. 291.. Bretscher, M.S., and S. Munro. (1993) Cholesterol and the Golgi apparatus. Science. 261:1280-1. 292.. Reiss-Husson, F. (1967) Structure of liquid-crystalline phases of different phospholipids, monoglycerides,
sphingolipidss in the absence or presence of water. J. Mol. Biol. 25:363-82.
293.. Ostermeyer, A.G., B.T. Beckrich, K.A. Ivarson, K.E. Grove, and D.A. Brown. (1999) Glycosphingolipids aree not essential for formation of detergent-resistant membrane rafts in melanoma cells, methyl-beta-cyclodextrinn does not affect cell surface transport of a GPI-anchored protein. J. Biol. Chem. 274:34459-66. 294.. Corvera, S., A. D'Arrigo, and H. Stenmark. (1999) Phosphoinositides in membrane traffic. Curr. Opin. Cell
Biol.Biol. 11:460-5.
295.. Mattjus, P., H.M. Pike, J.G. Molotkovsky, and R.E. Brown. (2000) Charged Membrane Surfaces Impede the Protein-Mediatedd Transfer of Glycosphingolipids between Phospholipid Bilayers. Biochemistry. 39:1067-75. 296.. Jimenez, M., K. Kameyama, W.L. Maloy, Y. Tomita, and V.J. Hearing. (1988) Mammalian tyrosinase:
biosynthesis,, processing, and modulation by melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:3830-4. .
297.. Thomson, T.M., M.J. Mattes, L. Roux, L.J. Old, and K.O. Lloyd. (1985) Pigmentation-associated
glycoproteinn of human melanomas and melanocytes: definition with a mouse monoclonal antibody. J. Invest.
Dermatol.Dermatol. 85:169-74.
298.. Friedmann, P.S., and B.A. Gilchrest. (1987) Ultraviolet radiation directly induces pigment production by culturedd human melanocytes. J. Cell Physiol. 133:88-94.
299.. Ito, S., K. Wakamatsu, and H. Ozeki. (1993) Spectrophotometric assay of eumelanin in tissue samples. Anal.
Biochem.Biochem. 215:273-7.
300.. Jimenez-Cervantes, C , P. Valverde, J.C. Garcia-Borron, F. Solano, and J.A. Lozano. (1993) Improved tyrosinasee activity stains in polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels. Pigment Cell Res. 6:394-9. 301.. Westerink, B.H., T.P. van Es, and S.J. Spaan. (1982) Effects of drugs interfering with dopamine and
noradrenalinee biosynthesis on die endogenous 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine levels in rat brain. J. Neurochem. 39:44-51. .
302.. Galjaard, H. (1980) In Genetic Metabolic Diseases: Early Diagnosis and Prenatal Analysis. Amsterdam,
ElsevierElsevier North Holland Biomedical Press:^ 790-828.
303.. Aerts, J.M., M.C. Sa Miranda, L. Wanzellerde Lacerda, S. van Weely, W. Donker-Koopman, B. Brouwer-Kelder,, D.C. Jansen, M. van Leeuwen, A.W. Schram, A. Tsiapara, and J.M. Tager. (1991) The identification off type 1 Gaucher disease patients, asymptomatic cases and carriers in The Netherlands using urine samples: ann evaluation. Clin. Chim. Acta. 203:349-61.
304.. Branza-Nichita, N., A.J. Petrescu, R.A. Dwek, M.R. Wormald, F.M. Piatt, and S.M. Petrescu. (1999) Tyrosinasee folding and copper loading in vivo: a crucial role for calnexin and alpha-gtucosidase II. Biochem.
