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Muslim women navigating marriage. A study of women in Northeast Morocco and
Dutch Moroccan and Turkish women in the Netherlands
Storms, O.L.
2016
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citation for published version (APA)
Storms, O. L. (2016). Muslim women navigating marriage. A study of women in Northeast Morocco and Dutch Moroccan and Turkish women in the Netherlands. Vrije Universiteit.
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Contents
Abbreviations ... 1
Glossary ... 3
Acknowledgements ... 5
Introduction: Muslim women, marriage and social navigation ... 7
1.1 Introduction ... 8
1.2 Representations of Muslim women ... 11
1.3 Marriage: classical principles, changing meanings ... 14
1.3.1 A note on classical principles of marriage ... 15
1.3.2 Marriage today: ‘new’ (traditional) marriage patterns? ... 17
1.4 Setting the stage: On (Northeast) Morocco, the Netherlands and transnational ties 20 1.4.1 Morocco: a country on the move ... 21
1.4.2 The Netherlands: A multicultural society in distress ... 22
1.5 Marriage, Islam and women ... 25
1.6 Muslim women: navigating marriage ... 27
1.7 Methodology ... 32
PART ONE: MOROCCO ... 52
On women and partner choice, children and divorce ... 52
2 “Notre huile est dans notre farine”. An exploration into the meaning of consanguinity in Northern Morocco against the backdrop of the medical risk of disabled offspring ... 53
2.1 Introduction ... 54
2.2 Anthropological Explanations for Consanguineous Endogamy ... 55
2.3 The Incidence of Consanguineous Marriages in Morocco ... 57
2.4 Consanguinity and Risk ... 57
2.5 Consanguinity and Risk: The Discourse of Denial and Acceptance ... 58
2.6 Discussion and Conclusion ... 61
3 In between the Netherlands and Morocco: Home and belonging of Dutch Moroccan return migrant and abandoned children in Northeast Morocco ... 65
3.1 Introduction ... 66
3.2 Research population ... 69
3.2.1 Return migrant children ... 69
3.2.2 Children and abandonment ... 70
3.3 Methodology ... 72
3.4 Empirical results ... 73
3.4.1 Return migrant children ... 73
3.4.2 Abandoned children ... 76
3.5 Conclusion ... 78
4.1 Introduction ... 84
4.2 Methodology ... 85
4.3 The reform of 2004: a brief history ... 85
4.3.1 Parties in the controversy surrounding the reform ... 85
4.3.2 Reforms of 2004 ... 87
4.3.3 Between law and practice ... 89
4.4 Divorce proceedings: how women navigate in daily life ... 90
4.5 Conclusion ... 94
PART TWO: THE NETHERLANDS ... 98
On women and partner choice and children ... 98
5 Cousin marriage among Dutch Turks and Moroccans: Debates on medical risk and forced marriage ... 99
5.1 Introduction ... 100
5.2 Methodology ... 103
5.3 Cousin marriage equals disabled children? ... 103
5.3.1 Public and concealed transcripts in political and media debates ... 103
5.3.2 Public and hidden transcripts of our respondents ... 105
5.4 Cousin marriage equals forced marriage? ... 107
5.4.1 Public and concealed transcripts in political debates ... 107
5.4.2 Public and hidden transcripts of our respondents ... 108
1.5 Conclusion ... 112
6 Changing patterns of partner choice? Cousin marriages among Turks and Moroccans in the Netherlands ... 119
6.1 Introduction ... 120
6.2 Research methods ... 122
6.3 Cultural Selection: What is ‘Risk’?... 123
6.4 Consanguineous Marriage, Medical Thought and Risk ... 124
6.5 Consanguineous Marriage, Islam and Risk ... 125
6.6 Consanguineous Marriage, Social Interaction and Risk ... 127
6.7 Changing Patterns of Partner Choice? ... 129
7 Dutch Moroccan and Turkish consanguineously married women and their perspectives on preconception carrier screening and reproductive choices ... 135
7.1 Introduction ... 136
7.2 Methods ... 138
7.3 Results ... 140
7.3.1 Partner choice ... 140
7.3.2 Marriage and having children ... 141
7.3.3 Healthy children ... 142
7.3.4 Having your ‘own’ child: biological and social parenthood ... 143
7.4 Discussion ... 144
7.5 Conclusion ... 146
Conclusion and discussion: Navigating marriage, beyond dichotomies ... 153
Summary ... 161
Overview publications ... 167
1
4.1 Introduction ... 84
4.2 Methodology ... 85
4.3 The reform of 2004: a brief history ... 85
4.3.1 Parties in the controversy surrounding the reform ... 85
4.3.2 Reforms of 2004 ... 87
4.3.3 Between law and practice ... 89
4.4 Divorce proceedings: how women navigate in daily life ... 90
4.5 Conclusion ... 94
PART TWO: THE NETHERLANDS ... 98
On women and partner choice and children ... 98
5 Cousin marriage among Dutch Turks and Moroccans: Debates on medical risk and forced marriage ... 99
5.1 Introduction ... 100
5.2 Methodology ... 103
5.3 Cousin marriage equals disabled children? ... 103
5.3.1 Public and concealed transcripts in political and media debates ... 103
5.3.2 Public and hidden transcripts of our respondents ... 105
5.4 Cousin marriage equals forced marriage? ... 107
5.4.1 Public and concealed transcripts in political debates ... 107
5.4.2 Public and hidden transcripts of our respondents ... 108
1.5 Conclusion ... 112
6 Changing patterns of partner choice? Cousin marriages among Turks and Moroccans in the Netherlands ... 119
6.1 Introduction ... 120
6.2 Research methods ... 122
6.3 Cultural Selection: What is ‘Risk’?... 123
6.4 Consanguineous Marriage, Medical Thought and Risk ... 124
6.5 Consanguineous Marriage, Islam and Risk ... 125
6.6 Consanguineous Marriage, Social Interaction and Risk ... 127
6.7 Changing Patterns of Partner Choice? ... 129
7 Dutch Moroccan and Turkish consanguineously married women and their perspectives on preconception carrier screening and reproductive choices ... 135
7.1 Introduction ... 136
7.2 Methods ... 138
7.3 Results ... 140
7.3.1 Partner choice ... 140
7.3.2 Marriage and having children ... 141
7.3.3 Healthy children ... 142
7.3.4 Having your ‘own’ child: biological and social parenthood ... 143
7.4 Discussion ... 144
7.5 Conclusion ... 146
Conclusion and discussion: Navigating marriage, beyond dichotomies ... 153
Summary ... 161
Overview publications ... 167
