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Promoting African Indigenous  Knowledge in the knowledge 

l i th l f

economy: exploring the role of  higher education and libraries g

Kgomotso H. Moahi

University of Botswana

University of Botswana

(2)

Organization of the paper Organization of the paper

• Introduction

• IK and its marginalization IK and its marginalization

• IK and the Knowledge Economy

• What role for academia?

• What role for Libraries? What role for Libraries?

• Conclusion

(3)

Introduction Introduction

f i h l ff i ll f

• African IK has a lot to offer, covering all aspects of  life

• IK endures, but for how much longer

• Nepad has recognized the importance of IK p g p

• There are reasons why IK has not made the  impact it should

impact it should

• Where it makes an impact, it most likely has been  misappropriated

misappropriated

• There is a role for both academia and libraries

(4)

IK and its marginalization IK and its marginalization

h b d ( i 2000)

• Three broad aspects (Dei, 2000):

– Traditional knowledge (intergenerational)

– Empirical knowledge  ‐ based on observation of the  environment

R l d k l d id d h h d

– Revealed knowledge – provided through dreams,  visions and intuition

It id bl l i f iti

• It provides problem solving for communities,  contributes significantly to global development  knowledge but is underutilised in the

knowledge,  but is underutilised in the 

development process (Tella, 2007)

(5)

IK and its marginalization IK and its marginalization

T it t

• Tacit nature

• Social capital of the poor

• Denigration by colonials and western education

• Denigration by colonials and western education

• Leaders educated to look down on IK

• Development has relied exclusively on one knowledge

• Development has relied exclusively on one knowledge  system

• Development is equated with internalization of  p q western culture

• Dichotomising IK and western knowledge

• IK has contributed to the development of modern 

scientific knowledge

(6)

IK and knowledge economy IK and knowledge economy

• New order where knowledge is recognized as  capital to be leveraged for development and  prosperity

• IK invisible in the knowledge economy IK invisible in the knowledge economy

• Contribution has not been recognized

• Much of it has been misappropriated by scientists

• The Innovation gap g p

• Need to document, research and promote IK

(7)

Higher education and IK the scenario Higher education and IK – the scenario

f i i i i h ld b h h b f

• African universities should be he hub of 

activity on  all things African and indigenous – but not the case

• They should lead in the African renaissance y

• The current marketisation of programs do not  augur well for the humanities and social

augur well for the humanities and social  sciences

I d h i C t f Af i

• Issues around having Centres of African 

Studies in African universities

(8)

What role higher education?

What role higher education?

C d ti h d bli hi it

• Conducting research and publishing it

• Collaboration with private companies to avoid “the  innovation chasm”

innovation chasm

• Collaborate with govt and other agencies to conduct  audits of IK

• Include IK in the curriculum 

• “facilitate the recognition and validation of the  legitimacy of IK as a pedagogic, instructional 

communicative tool in the process of delivering  education”

education

• Consider how IK and western knowledge can be 

integrated for development

(9)

What role for higher education?

What role for higher education?

l l d h i d

• Develop leaders that appreciate and accept  the crucial role of IK in development

• Introduce a common compulsory 1

st

year 

course that seeks to affirm African views and  thought systems

• The role of African Studies centres The role of African Studies centres

• Centres of study – e.g. Centre for Scientific 

R h I di K l d d

Research, Indigenous Knowledge and 

Innovation (CESRIKI)

(10)

What role for Libraries?

What role for Libraries?

Lib i t t ll

• Libraries meant to serve all

• Mandated to collect, preserve and disseminate IK by  IFLA

IFLA

• Therefore should do that by identifying, documenting  and promoting IK p g

• However, training and orientation precludes this  proactivity

• Librarians must leave their cocoons and venture out

• Libraries must partner with communities

U d d h d f h i i d

• Understand the needs of the community in order to 

serve them accordingly

(11)

What role for libraries?

What role for libraries?

U d t d h t IK i d it i ifi

• Understand what IK is and its significance

• Promote IK, by making communities aware of its  importance

importance

• Engage elders to tell stories to children which can  be documented; libraries as community

be documented; libraries as community  information centres

• Utilise technology – both at lower scale and at

• Utilise technology – both at lower scale and at  upper scale

• Librarians need to learn new skills Librarians need to learn new skills

• Appreciate IPR

(12)

Conclusion Conclusion

• African IK does not contribute as much as  it  should in the knowledge economy g y

• There is need for academia and libraries to get  actively involved in developing IK use and

actively involved in developing IK use and 

appreciation

(13)

• THANK YOU

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