Mental Fatigue and Motivation
Herlambang, Mega Bagus
DOI:10.33612/diss.135819347
IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.
Document Version
Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record
Publication date: 2020
Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database
Citation for published version (APA):
Herlambang, M. B. (2020). Mental Fatigue and Motivation: Effects and mechanisms. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.135819347
Copyright
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).
Take-down policy
If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.
107
References
Aasman, J., Mulder, G., & Mulder, L. J. M. (1987). Operator effort and the measurement of heart-rate variability. Human Factors, 29, 161–170. doi: 10.1177/001872088702900204
Acharya, U. R., Joseph, K. P., Kannathal, N., Lim, C. M., & Suri, J. S. (2006). Heart rate variability: a review. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 44, 1031-1051. doi: 10.1007/s11517-006-0119-0
Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., & Qin, Y. (2004). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 1036–1060. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.1036
Åkerstedt, T., Knutsson, A., Westerholm, P., Theorell, T., Alfredsson, L., & Kecklund, G. (2004). Mental fatigue, work and sleep. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(5), 427–433. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2003.12.001
Akinbinu, T. R., & Mashalla, Y. J. (2014). Impact of computer technology on health: Computer vision syndrome (CVS). Medical Practice and Review, 5, 20-30. doi: 10.5897/MPR.2014.0121
Appels A. & Mulder P. (1988). Excess fatigue as a precursor of myocardial infarction.
European Heart Journal, 9, 758–64. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/9.7.758
Barthelme, S. (2016). Eyelinker: Load raw data from EyeLink eye trackers. R package version 0.1. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=eyelinker Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects
models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67, 1-48. doi: 10.18637/jss.v067.i01
Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2007). Self-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 115–28. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00001.x
Beckers, D. G. J., van der Linden, D., Smulders, P. G. W., Kompier, M. A. J., van Veldhoven, Marc J. P. M., & van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Working Overtime Hours: relations with Fatigue, Work Motivation, and the Quality of Work.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 46, 1282-1289. doi:
10.1097/01.jom.0000147210.95602.50
Berntson, G. G., Bigger, J. T. Jr., Eckberg, D. L., Grossman, P., Kaufmann, P. G., Malik, M., ... van der Molen M. W. (1997). Heart rate variability: Origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology, 34, 623-648. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x
108
Boksem, M. A. S, Meijman, T. F., & Lorist, M. M. (2006). Mental fatigue, motivation and action monitoring. Biological Psychology, 72, 123-132. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.08.007
Boksem, M. A. S., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: Cost and benefits. Brain
Research Reviews, 59, 125-139. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.07.001
Borg, G. A. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medical Science of
Sports and Exercise, 14, 377–381.
Brehm, J. W., & Self, E. A. (1989). The intensity of motivation. Annual Review of
Psychology, 40, 109–131. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.40.020189.000545
Brown, D. M. Y, Graham, J. D., Innes, K. I., Harris, S., Flemington, A., & Bray, S. R. (2020). Effects of prior cognitive exertion on physical performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 50, 497-529. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01204-8
Chen, Z., and Cowan, N. (2009). How verbal memory loads consume attention. Memory & Cognition, 37, 829–836. doi: 10.3758/MC.37.6.829Craig, C. M., and Klein, M. I. (2019). The abbreviated vigilance task and its attentional contributors. Human Factors, 61. doi: 10.1177/0018720818822350
Chen, M. -L., Lu, S. -Y., & Mao, I. -F. (2019). Subjective symptoms and physiological measures of fatigue in air traffic controllers. International Journal of
Industrial Ergonomics, 70, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2018.12.004
Chong, T.T.-J., Apps, M., Giehl, K., Sillence, A., Grima, L.L., & Husain, M. (2017). Neurocomputational mechanisms underlying subjective valuation of effort
costs. PLOS Biology, 15, e1002598.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002598
Christodoulou, C. (2005). The asessment and measurement of fatigue. In J. DeLuca (Ed.), Fatigue as a window to the brain (pp. 19–35). London, UK: MIT Press. Craig, C. M., & Klein, M. I. (2019). The abbreviated vigilance task and its attentional
contributors. Human Factors, 61. doi: 10.1177/0018720818822350
Dalmaijer, E. S., Mathôt, S., & van der Stigchel, S. (2014). PyGaze: An open-source, cross-platform toolbox for minimal-effort programming of eyetracking experiments. Behavior Research Methods, 46, 913–921. doi: 10.3758/s13428-013-0422-2
Dang, J. S., Figueroa, I. J., & Helton, W. S. (2018). You are measuring the decision to be fast, not inattention: The Sustained Attention to Response Task does not measure sustained attention. Experimental Brain Research, 236, 2255–2266. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5291-6
DeCharms, R. (1968). Personal causation: The internal affective determinants of
109
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Self-determination theory: 93A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian Psychology, 49, 182-185. doi: 10.1037/a0012801
DeLuca, J. (2005). Fatigue, cognition, and mental effort. In J. DeLuca (Ed.), Fatigue
as a window to the brain (pp. 37–57). London, UK: MIT Press.
Di Domenico, S. I., & Ryan, R. M. (2017). The emerging neuroscience of intrinsic moti9145vation: A new frontier in self-determination research. Frontiers in
Human Neuroscience, 11. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00145
Duckworth, R. A., Potticary, A. L., & Badyaev, A. V. (2018). On the origins of adaptive behavioral complexity: Developmental channeling of structural trade-offs.
Advances in the Study of Behavior, 50, 1-36. doi: 10.1016/bs.asb.2017.10.001
Earle, F., Hockey, B., Earle, K., & Clough, P. (2015). Separating the effects of task load and task motivation on the effort-fatigue relationship. Motivation and
Emotion, 39(4), 467-476. doi: 10.1007/s11031-015-9481-2
Ergonomic Trends. (2018). Workplace Fatigue Statistics and its Staggering Costs
(2020 Edition). Accessed 2 May 2020.
http://ergonomictrends.com/workplace-fatigue-statistics
Estryn-Béhar, M. & van der Heijden, B. I. J. M. (2012). Effects of Extended Work Shifts on Employee Fatigue, Health, Satisfaction, Work/family Balance, and Patient Safety. Work, 41. 4283 – 4290. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0724-4283
Evans, S., Seidman, L., Tsao, J., Lung, Zeltzer, L., & Naliboff, B. (2013). Heart rate variability as a biomarker for autonomic nervous system response differences between children with chronic pain and healthy control children. Journal of
Pain Research, 6, 449–457. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S43849
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191. doi: 10.3758/BF03193146 Finkbeiner, K. M., Russell, P. N., & Helton, W. S. (2016). Rest improves performance,
nature improves happiness: assessment of break periods on the abbreviated vigilance task. Consciousness and cognition, 42, 277-285. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.04.005
Fox, J., & Weisberg, S. (2011). An R companion to applied regression (second edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Retrieved from
https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/jfox/Books/Companion-2E/index.html Gallistel, C. R. (1990). The organization of learning: Learning, development, and
conceptual change. MIT Press.
Galy, E., Paxion, J., & Berthelon, C. (2017). Measuring mental workload with the NASA-TLX needs to examine each dimension rather than relying on the global
110
score: an example with driving. Ergonomics, 61. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1369583
Gandevia, S. C. (2001). Spinal and Supraspinal Factors in Human Muscle Fatigue.
Physiological Review, 81, 1725-1789. doi: 10.1152/physrev.2001.81.4.1725
Gawron, V. J., French, J., & Funke, D. (2001). An overview of fatigue. In P. A. Hancock & P. A. Desmond (Eds.), Human factors in transportation. Stress, workload,
and fatigue (pp. 581-595). Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Publishers.
Gendolla, G. H. E., Wright, R., & Richter, M. (2012). Effort intensity: Some insights from the cardiovascular system. In: R. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of
human motivation (pp. 420-438). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Gergelyfi, M., Jacob, B., Olivier, E., & Zenon, A. (2015). Dissociation between mental fatigue and motivational state during prolonged mental activity. Frontiers in
Behavioral Neuroscience, 9, 176. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00176
Goodman, S., Jaffer, T., Keresztesi, M., Mamdani, F., Mokgatle, D., Musariri, M., ... Schlechter, A. (2011). An Investigation of the Relationship between Students' Motivation and Academic Performance as Mediated by Effort. South African
Journal of Psychology, 41(3). doi: 10.1177/008124631104100311
Grillon, C., Quispe-Escudero, D., Mathur, A., & Ernst, M. (2015). Mental fatigue impairs emotion regulation. Emotion, 15, 383–389. doi: 10.1037/emo0000058
Hagberg, M. (1981). Muscular endurance and surface electromyogram in isometric and dynamic exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 51, 1–7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.1.1
Hainey, T., Connolly, T., Stansfield, M., & Boyle, E. (2011). The differences in motivations of online game players and offline game players: A combined analysis of three studies at higher education level. Computers & Education, 57, 2197-2211. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.001
Harrell, F. E. (2017). Hmisc: Harrell miscellaneous. R package version 4.0-3. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=Hmisc
Hart, S. G., & Staveland, L. E. (1988). Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. In P. A. Hancock & N. Meshkati (Ed.), Human Mental Workload (pp. 139-183). Oxford, England: North-Holland.
Health and Safety Executive. (2019). Work-related stress, anxiety or depression
statistics in Great Britain. Accessed 5 May 2020.
111
Helton, W. S., Hollander, T. D., Warm, J. S., Tripp, L. D., Parsons, K., Matthews, G.,... Hancock, P. A. (2007). The abbreviated vigilance task and cerebral hemodynamics. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology,
29(5), 545-552. doi: 10.1080/13803390600814757
Helton, W. S., & Russell, P. N. (2015). Rest is best: The role of rest and task interruptions on vigilance. Cognition, 134, 165–173. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.10.001
Helton, W. S., & Russell, P. N. (2017). Rest is still best: The role of qualitative and quantitative load of interruptions on vigilance. Human Factors, 59(1), 91–100. doi: 10.1177/0018720816683509
Herlambang, M. B., Taatgen, N. A., & Cnossen, F. (2019). The role of motivation as a factor in mental fatigue. Human Factors, 61, 1171–1185. doi: 10.1177/0018720819828569
Hill, S. G., Iavecchia, H. P., Byers, J. C., Bittner, A. C., Zaklade, A. L., & Christ, R. E. (1992). Comparison of Four Subjective Workload Rating Scales. Human
Factors, 34(4), 429–439. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/001872089203400405
Hjortskov, N., Rissen, D., Blangsted, A. K., Fallentin, N., Lundberg, U., & Sogaard, K. (2004). The effect of mental stress on heart rate variability and blood pressure during computer work. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 92, 84-88. doi: 10.1007/s00421-004-1055-z
Hockey, G. R. J., Payne, R L., & Rick, J. T. (1996). Intra-individual patterns of hormonal and affective adaptation to work demands: an n = 2 study of junior doctors. Biological Psychology, 45(3), 393-411. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(95)05169-4
Hockey, G. R. J. (2011). A motivational control theory of cognitive fatigue. In Ackerman, P. L. (Ed.), Cognitive fatigue: Multidisciplinary perspective on
current research and future application (pp. 167–188). Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association.
Hockey, R. (2013). The Psychology of Fatigue: Work, Effort and Control. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139015394
Hopstaken, J. F., van der Linden, D., Bakker, A. B., & Kompier, M. A. J. (2015). The window of my eyes: Task disengagement and mental fatigue covary with pupil dynamics. Biological Psychology, 110, 100–106. doi:
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.06.013
Huijser, S., van Vugt, M. K., & Taatgen, N. A. (2018). The wandering self: Tracking distracting self-generated thought in a cognitively demanding context.
Consciousness and Cognition, 58, 170-185.
112
Jain, S. & Nataraja, M. P. (2019). The effect of fatigue on working memory and auditory perceptual abilities in trained musicians. American Journal of
Audiology, 28, 483-494. doi: 10.1044/2019_AJA-IND50-18-0102
Jongman, G. M. G. (1998). How to fatigue ACT-R? In Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 52-57). Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press.
Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and effort. New York, NY: Prentice Hall.
Kang, J. H., Kim, J. K., Hong, S. H., Lee, C. H., & Choi, B. Y. (2016). Heart rate variability for quantification of autonomic dysfunction in fibromyalgia. Annals
of Rehabilitation Medicine, 40(2), 301-309. doi: 10.5535/arm.2016.40.2.301
Karatekin, C. (2004). Development of attentional allocation in the dual task paradigm.
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 52, 7-21. doi:
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.12.002
Kanai, A. (2009). ‘‘Karoshi (Work to Death)’’ in Japan. Journal of Business Ethics, 84, 209-216. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9701-8
Krupp, L. B., Larocca, N. G., Muir Nash, J., & Steinberg, A. D. (1989). The fatigue severity scale: application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Archives of neurology, 46, 1121–1123.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1989.00520460115022
Kunkels, Y. K., van Roon, A. M., Wichers, M., & Riese, H. (2019). Cross-instrument
Feasibility, Validity, and Reproducibility of Wireless Heart Rate monitors: Novel opportunities for extended daily life monitoring. Retrieved from:
osf.io/4x2ts
Kurzban, R., Duckworth, A., Kable, J. W., & Myers, J. (2013). An opportunity cost model of subjective effort and task performance. Behavioral and Brain
Sciences, 36, 661–679. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X12003196
Lee, K. A., Hicks, G., & Nino-Murcia, G. (1990). Validity and reliability of a scale to assess fatigue. Psychiatry Research, 36, 291-298. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(91)90027-M
Lindhardt, C. L. (2018). Report from the Cortrium3 test University Hospital Zeeland, Oncology Department and palliative Units, Naestved: 2016-2017.
Locke, E. A., & Schattke, K. (2018). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: Time for expansion and clarification. Motivation Science. 5, 277–290. doi: 10.1037/mot0000116
Longo, L. (2018). On the reliability, validity and sensitivity of three mental workload assessment techniques for the evaluation of instructional designs: a case study in a third-level course. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
113
Lorist, M. M., Klein, M., Nieuwenhuis, S., de Jong, R., Mulder, G., & Meijman, T. F. (2000). Mental fatigue and task control: Planning and preparation.
Psychophysiology, 37, 614–625. doi: 10.1111/1469-8986.3750614
Marcora, S. M., Staiano, W., & Manning, V. (2009). Mental fatigue impairs physical performance in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 106, 857–864. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91324.2008
Martins, R., & Carvalho, J. M. (2015). Eye blinking as an indicator of fatigue and mental load - a systematic review. In P. M. Arezes, J. S. Baptista, M. P. Barroso (Eds.), Occupational Safety and Hygiene III, (pp. 231-235). London: Taylor & Francis Group.
Mathôt, S., Schreij, D., & Theeuwes, J. (2012). OpenSesame: An open-source, graphical experiment builder for the social sciences. Behavior Research
Methods, 44, 314-324. doi: 10.3758/s13428-011-0168-7
Mathôt, S. (2018). Pupillometry: Psychology, physiology, and function. Journal of
cognition, 1(1), 16. doi: 10.5334/joc.18
McCrone, P., Darbishire, L., Ridsdale, L., & Seed, P. (2003). The economic cost of chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome in UK primary care.
Psychological Medicine, 33(2), 253-261. doi: 10.1017/S0033291702006980
McIntire, L. K., McKinley, R. A., Goodyear, C., & McIntire, J. P. (2014). Detection of vigilance performance using eye blinks. Applied Ergonomics, 14, 354-362. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2013.04.020
Mehta R. K., & Parasuraman R. (2013). Effects of mental fatigue on the development of physical fatigue: a neuroergonomic approach. Human Factors, 56, 645–56. doi: 10.1177/0018720813507279
Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function.
Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 167–202. doi:
10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167
Mizuno, K., Tanaka, M., Yamaguti, K., Kajimoto, O., Kuratsune, H., & Watanabe, Y. (2011). Mental fatigue caused by prolonged cognitive load associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. Behavioral and Brain Functions, 7, 17. doi:10.1186/1744-9081-7-17
Mulder, G., & Mulder, L. J. M. (1981). Information processing and cardiovascular control. Psychophysiology, 18, 392–402. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb02470.x
Mulder, B., Hofstetter, H., & van Roon, A. M. (2009). Carspan for windows user’s manual version 0.0.1.36.
114
Müller, T., & Apps, M. A. J. (2019). Motivational fatigue: A neurocognitive framework for the impact of effortful exertion on subsequent motivation.
Neuropsychologia, 123, 141-151. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.030
Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: does self-control resemble a muscle. Psychology Bulletin, 126, 247-259. doi: 10.1037//0033-2909.126.2.247
Nakagawa, S., & Schielzeth, H. (2012). A general and simple method for obtaining R2
from generalized linear mixed-effects models. Methods in Ecology and
Evolution, 4, 133-142. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-210x.2012.00261.x
National Institute of Mental Health. (2017). Mental Illness. Accessed 2 May 2020. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness.shtml
National Safety Council. (2020). Fatigue – You're More Than Just Tired. Accessed 2 May 2020. https://www.nsc.org/work-safety/safety-topics/fatigue
Norvig, P. (n.d.). Solving every sudoku puzzle. Accessed 8 March 2018 https://norvig.com/sudoku.html
Okogbaa, O. G., Shell, R. L., & Filipusic, D. (1994). On the investigation of the neurophysiological correlates of knowledge worker mental fatigue using the EEG signal. Applied Ergonomics, 25, 255-265. doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(94)90054-X
Palatini, P. (1999). Need for a revision of the normal limits of resting heart rate.
Hypertension, 33, 622-625. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.33.2.622
Parasuraman, R. (1979). Memory load and event rate control sensitivity decrements in sustained attention. Science, 205, 924–927.
Powers, W. T. (1973). Behavior: the control of perception. Chicago: Aldine.
Qi, P., Ru, H., Gao, L., Zhang, X., Zhou, T., Tian, Y., ... Sun, Y. (2019). Neural mechanisms of mental fatigue revisited: new insights from the brain connectome. Engineering, 5, 276–286. doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.025
R Development Core Team. (2008). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org
R Development Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org
Reynolds, K. J., Vernon, S. D., Bouchery, E., & Reeves, W. C. (2004). The economic impact of chronic fatigue syndrome. Cost Effectiveness and Resource
115
Rheinberg, F., & Vollmeyer, R. (2018). Motivation (9th ed.) Stuttgart, Germany:
Kohlhammer.
Robertson, L. D., Mullinax, C. M., Brodowicz, G. R., & Swafford, A. R. (1996). Muscular fatigue patterning in power grip assessment. Journal of Occupational
Rehabilitation, 6. 71-85. doi: 10.1007/BF02110395
Rushworth, M., Behrens, T., Rudebeck, P., & Walton, M. ( 2007 ). Contrasting roles for cingulate and orbitofrontal cortex in decisions and social behaviour. Trends
in Cognitive Science, 11, 168–176. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.01.004
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, W. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
Ryan, R. M., & Moller, A. C. (2017). Competence as central, but not sufficient, for high-quality motivation: a self-determination theory perspective. In Elliot, A. J. Elliot, Dweck, C .S., & Yeager, D. S. (Ed.), Handbook of Competence and
Motivation: Theory and Application (2nd ed.) (pp. 214-231). New York, NY:
The Guilford Press.
Schellekens, J. M. H., Sijtsma, G. J., Vegter, E., & Meijman, T. F. (2000). Immediate and delayed after-effects of long lasting mentally demanding work. Biological
Psychology, 53, 37–56. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00039-9
Shaw, T. H., Warm, J. S., Finomore, V., Tripp, L., Matthews, G., Weiler, E., & Parasuraman, R. (2009). Effects of sensory modality on cerebral blood flow velocity during vigilance. Neuroscience Letters, 461, 207-211. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.06.008
Stein, K. D., Martin, S. C., Hann, D. M., & Jacobsen, P. B. (1998). A multidimensional measure of fatigue for use with cancer patients. Cancer Practice, 6, 143–152. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-5394.1998.006003143.x
Stern, J. A., Boyer, D., & Schroeder, D. (1994). Blink rate: a possible measure of fatigue.
Human Factors, 36, 285–297. doi: 10.1177/001872089403600209
Szalma, J. L., & Matthews, G. (2015). Motivation and Emotion. In Hoffman, R. R., Hancock, P. A., Scerbo, M. W., Parasuraman, R., Szalma, J. L. (Eds.), The
Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research (pp. 218-240). New
York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Taatgen, N. A. (2013). The nature and transfer of cognitive skills. Psychological
Review, 120(3), 439-471. doi: 10.1037/a0033138
Tanaka, M., Ishii, A., & Watanabe, Y. (2014). Neural effect of mental fatigue on physical fatigue: a magnetoencephalography study. Brain Research, 1542, 49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.10.018
116
Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. (1996). Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation, 93, 1043–1065. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.93.5.1043
Ting, P. H., Hwang, J. R., Doong, J. L., & Jeng M. C. (2008). Driver fatigue and highway driving: a simulator study. Physiology & Behavior, 94, 448-453. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.02.015
van Cutsem, J., Marcora, S., De Pauw, K., Bailey, S., Meeusen, R., & Roelands, B. (2017). The effects of mental fatigue on physical performance: a systematic review. Sports Medicine. 47, 1569-1588. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0672-0 van der Linden, D., Frese, M., & Meijman, T. F. (2003). Mental fatigue and the control
of cognitive processes: effects on perseveration and planning. Acta
Psychologica, 113, 45–65. doi:10.1016/S0001-6918(02)00150-6
van der Linden, D. (2011). The urge to stop: The cognitive and biological nature of acute mental fatigue. In P. L. Ackerman (Ed.), Cognitive fatigue:
Multidisciplinary perspectives on current research and competing applications (pp. 149–164). Washington, DC: American Psychological
Association.
van Roon, A. M. & Mulder, L. J. M. (2017). PreCAR version 3.7 User’s manual. Veltman, J. A., & Gaillard, A. W. K. (1996). Physiological indices of workload in a
simulated flight task. Biological Psychology, 42, 323-342. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(95)05165-1
Warm, J. S., Parasuraman, R., & Matthews, G. (2008). Vigilance requires hard mental work and is stressful. Human Factors, 50, 3. doi: 10.1518/001872008X312152 Warm, J. S., Matthews, G., & Parasuraman, R. (2009). Cerebral hemodynamics and
vigilance performance. Military Psychology, 21, S75–S100. doi: 10.1080/08995600802554706
Wessely, S., Hotopf, M., & Sharpe, D. (1998). Chronic Fatigue and Its Syndromes. New York: Oxford University Press.
Westbrook, A., & Braver, T. S. (2015). Cognitive effort: A neuroeconomic approach.
Cognitive Affective & Behavioural Neuroscience, 15, 395-415. doi:
10.3758/s13415-015-0334-y
Wigfield, A., Eccles, J. S., Schiefele, U., Roeser, R. W., & Davis-Kean, P. (2006). Development of achievement motivation. In N. Eisenberg (Ed.). Handbook of
child psychology social, emotional, and personality development (pp
117
Wijesuriya, N., Tran, Y., & Craig, A. (2007). The psychophysiological determinants of fatigue. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 63, 77-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.08.005
Wright, R. A., Mlynski, C., & Carbajal, I. (2019). Outsiders’ thoughts on generating self-regulatory-depletion (fatigue) effects in limited-resource experiments.
Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(3), 469-480, doi:
10.1177/1745691618815654
Xu, R., Zhang, C., He, F., Zhao, X., Wi, H., Zhou, P., Zhang, L., & Ming, D. (2018). How physical activities affect mental fatigue based on EEG energy, connectivity, and complexity. Frontiers in Neurology, 9. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00915 Zijlstra, F. & van Doorn, L. (1985). The construction of a scale to measure subjective
