IT HAPPEll~D IN T~18 Ttl"\~

P..cpubli 9211 In(--~.o:::le_i?..:hans.

:2s-~ima_ted )0.000 lnG_one si an Ci vi l i,2ns murdered.

,

=:=----==-=

....

\

\:.

'.

)

. .

,.. ... ..

IT ^{HAPPEll~D IN} T~18 Ttl"\~

~, IN SOUT~-C~LtBtS

~ ^INDONESIA

AtiNO DOMINf 1947

' - - - " - - - -- ---~.

Further particulars

received. in

August

1947

about ^t1'.8se barbaric brutalities

committeQ by the Dutch

militarists

in Inclonesia.

•

1. T.~ap

of Celebes.

I~

.

Foreword.

III.

::eyewitness' personal

statements.

IV. General report of this mass-murder A. in

Eacassar

region.

B. in Falopo-Luvro region.

C.

in

lIandar-Eao_ j ene regi

on

• .

V.

Total losses in life and properties.

VI.

VII.

A Dll..tch e~"'eHi

tne ss

^r

evidence

A~l 2-ppeal for sanity by

the

women

organi

r'C)tion

in

T1acassar.

FOPGvlORD.

On

August 19,

1945

the representatives of

the

island of Celebes viz. Dr. S.2atulangi, Andi Pangeran, Andi Daeng Radja, to a confe- rence for freedom held in Jacarta (Java), came back in ~~acassar

(Celebes). They t00k with them the news of the declaration of inde-

:,~endence, .pro clained by Sucarno-Hatta on behalf of the whole Irldo- ne siar:. pe ople of 70 Llillion souls. Everywhere ~ i:!.1 Cele bes too, the na tronal Rec.-Whi te flags \7ere hoistGd ant the Na tional an thel:l . iilndo- ne sia Raya i: was he arc1. AD Ino.one sian appara tus for civil ad-mini stra- tion' vias: establishec~ under leadc:n'ship of Dr. 3.atulangi (:2.epu'_Jli can Governor of Celebes).

The

GCl~ral situation

was

quiet

and a

oood of anticipations prevailed. '~The civil authorities declarec~ their . preparedness to cooperate wi':~h the occupiec~ forces.

On September 23rf .• ,

1945,

the Australian Occupa tion Army arrived on the islal1.0., CO.i"li:laader of which was Brigac"'..ier general 1a.11 Dough- ertv a.!.1c~. the TIu .. tch liniBon-officer 3.ttachec~ to the cOmr.lanc~er was VTef:~:;'.er, Soon afterv"arc~s clashes broke out. In October 1945 a ';'1umber

of co1o~~i[tl Anbone se s oldie rs shot down j)e reons bearine r80.-,\,,'hi te

b8.c~Ges. Hovvevcr, the population proceedc( to organize themselves,

~ a.o. 0. peace preservation corps was established, called. Poesnt Ke- f.102.ama -Can Hakja t Inc10ne sia (P .K.£:. I.). On January 7th. 1946 tl:.cy handed over a pe ti -Cion to the co.mr!l~lndi.ng A us tralian general wi tl1

the request to forwar(~ i t to the U.E.O. in which was demanded the fre 8dolil of Celebes to join the RepEblic of Indore sia. The p~ti tion

'?/as Dot sent~ hovlever9 c.l..ltho"L:e;h i t ^\'\'8S signed by about

450

radja's (native rulers), i.1a tive chieftains, leaders of all- shades of op1ni- on. in. the conLmu:nity <:n~d offici ala. In December 1945 anG. January 194G discussions were hel.el. wi th the Dutch CONICA (Commal1di:'1g Officer

Netherlands InC.ies Civil Ac~ministration) Lion Cachet and i t was c.ecidec1 to maint2in the status quo on Celebes Yvhile awai ting the

course of events in Java. However, nevI cla3hes broke out. Dr.Ratulan- gi C.3. were capturs(.:. and interned on Seroei-islo.nd, New Guinea, 3nd from Java a number .of arnee:. Repl) .. blicans repatriated (na tives of Ce-' . lebes \vho were in employment in Java during the Japane se occupation)

~ anc. they bogan their 8.cti vitie s in Celebes (tLeir number has been highly over-es-cima ted and 12 tor republican penetrations 118.ve not been reported). The' unrest thl'love, the Australian Army was vvithdrawn, the political party P.~·T.I. outlawed, the P.J\:.R.S. and its schools closed down.

Then the Dutch begen their 1 arge-sc~~le mopping-up-acti ons in Ce- lebes, from Dec-em.bcr 11th 1946 t i l l Llarch 1947, executed by General Simon Spoor's specinl Depot Batallion of the Dutch army under command of Captain Westerling, nicknamed the l:'urk (3fter July 20th.

1947

opere.ting in Java; Jac.J.tra region, I.lalang rGgion and Sukabumi region).

:t

^is estimate~ th~t more than 30.000 Indonesians have been murdered on this occasion.

=======

~ ErLWI TIillS.S· STATEIJJNT ONE.

Bagala Daeng Toeda, 40 years of age, hygienic official at , the Municipal Hospital in Eacassar declares:

nOn

Saturday, December 14th.

1946,

at about

4

otclock a.m. when I waG 2t home in my former .house,

96

Tclloweg, I heard mnny

rifle shots round the campong, being a sienal that nobody was allowed to leave the ccunpong. Shortly afterwards a l1enac~onese so ldier

came in front of my house an~ ordered me and my family, consist- ing of my wife and three children as \Nell 8.S five otbcr persons

living with

me,

to leeve the bouse.

We

left the house and werG gather- ed on a certain spot, viz. at the end of the .new Tollowcg where some Amboinese so Idie rs g1..;12l.'dec1 us. Our group cons isted of 0. bout three hundred yersol1 s (men, women and children). Afte.r we had been g8.thered

there for O"fl e ho1.,U' , a Dut ch . so lc~ier arrivec~ 2nd ordered us to. C:o' to another spot between c2mronc Baraga and r:alimongan Baru. On thts spot 3000 persons ^vI70rc e stJ.l~n tec~ -Go be pref3ent • . t1.fter being on the 8oconc~

spot for about ten minutes we were transferred ag2in to a thir c~ spot

• at about 1 km.' s c.istanc:J from the second. This third spot is situated betvJeen canpong Tc.m2djel1e :::nd T:.l~imong2n J32ru. Arriving on this third spot we .se~w a de2.(.~ body of 2. mnn and severo,l men ticJ. 0.0\''11'1 of \'lhom I ," did not know anyone. On this -chi:rd spot .Vlcre go.thered the inh2.bi tnnts

of the c2mpongs :

1. Rapokkoling, 2. :;:{2.ppod;j2wa,

3.

To.m-:·.:djere ,

4.

Kalukuang,

5.

Kaluku- bodoa, 6. I\:alimunga:::bcwe' .•

I estimated about seven thousand persons. This third e;roup was guard- ed. by 2bout fifty Dut ch and Indon osi an sO.ldiors. Tho faces of 8.11 the - S8 soldiers were blackenet. so that we did no t recognize them, except three, probably officers •. While we were g2.th~recl one of then came to- wo.rds 1.,"'..8 and. said in ^0. louc~ vo ice ~ "You vvil1 see wha t will happen in front of you. It would be better for you if you incicate the criminals among those who nre g8.therod hore^{il •} But none of us 2.nsVler~d. Then .we were olJdcred to look upwards. It 1::::. sted abou t half 2.n hOt"'.r. While we were 100kj.ng upwards SaLle of the soldiers walked around us and C1round

the tied "oersons. Then one of the soldiGrs

m

outed Ol..":.t: lI~lho knows Ali ' .. M8.lak2. 2nd Musto.fa!:i But none among us gave: en' answer becauso VIe really

did not know the persons looked for. 'J~hen the soldier sc.id agcin:t1If there is nobody c.mollg you who know s Ali ~~al2.1:2. and Mus t?fa, thG!l threG of you will be shot dO\7n" . At ths S2..me time -three 0 f us wore l"enlly drc:c:eed from the group ?~nd two out ⁰ f the three pe rsons Vlere shot d.onn before our eyes. Tho third pe r ::::on "'''2.8 ordered to go ^2. nd s t8.nd in the group n.gc.in. Thon the soldiers bog2.l1 to shoot dO\i/l1 tho peJ'sons of the group one after another. I myself ^SO-VI

too

t six persons l,:-.lorc shot dov/n. After. that we h2.d to 'N2.lk in line o.lonG · a 13 years' old boy and those who were pointed out by the boy, were draggect Ol~t of the row and the se 1:X; Tsons \'lere sho t daVID too. So i t VI ent on until ~.bout

0::10 hundred persons were shot clown before our .=~cyes.

··f

:5 ' .

. R,~ •. S. Sr • .Atmr-.dj2. ,. (~. broke}"'. :-:t ~~.~,0.c[tGsQr ~ccl['.red

t.::'

Decembel" 1946.

A mi 10 s.tone ·in· my 1 j.f..::: '!.!" . t '.- ~'[ •

.. . ;. On: this p2:.rt~~·b~"'.lh:c :C~~~T~' I ' - ' ;:11(1 'Hi th' me:

ffic.ny

others :- h2.ve to ene.ure ^{P . .} mo~-1Gnt of ·(~"L:.~:ot .

.,rlll?

i~iI ,fie 7Cfr .. to bG forgottc.n.· :. ..

It WQs.5.·o..m., thE? fn;ll1 c~icl n.P·t~yot fu:lly rise.3 eve'rybo.dy wns . s t i l l .in.

boer, .

^b1,1:t o"L1.~8id.e:' SOQCtili11C U:nu'su~lly: bl-{?Y prcv':"!.iie;d. .

. !·,Iy vlif.o; Wo.s, ns ^{UGl..1.1'.l ',} pro o'eel" pied VIi

ih

he!" ~r2.yer

S ,.

but she' '/o1.:d.,

HOD.Ie. not finish thC...:l. 'Shc woxo' mo 'up ;~nd '~fright-ened .1' got Upj :s.hc .... ,~'.;'

onlY':-'Gold ne .;)~Go' ... ou:tsi'c 2nd sec (1~1.0-b.'1'l<:lppel1s"."· Still· midressccr·.~ .-: : ... ~ . (only· in my .. un~er~g2.rments) ~':-fIt_yj, t6'~<)thG ver'j.ndah 2nd' i lo'oked ,,;: ,·c i~ ,L~

'" through tho w~nd~.J';.:' p~·rtCf:· .• :):. S2W i~l ·.tho

"o: trc'c t

soldi.ers agt.{ri 'end .. , ... 3g2in 2.l1Q o0ifo.r e .~chc!tt 1:L r~ , '.w6rh~n1 :J.'i'~d ch:Lldrcn· ••

r

^{did' :n6t know}

\ vm. :t ·

W2S hc~ppening, ·bil.7- I .GOT'~~: nqt .. th:t..nk ~bout"~j.t o.·ny, t011:gC1;'~·" I "woke . eve' ... ' ... rybq(~y in !+ousc . ~rt~~ I 'f~,~;.·:.;

f rqB'

.~)0.C~{ 'td i'rofi~; t o ·.21arm(;\. :my friend'~' ¹

and ·ac~l.,1..~.:-il1t~rico~! .... who :!.·~.lUl\ i~'l"· t~lo ^sr'IDC h01...!.s.(t.CO[~lPlcx, bu.t i·t \Jas too ' l'l"G~', boc2.uSG ·Y.18 \'.'(:1"'e ;"..l:..~c.'.d.::. bu:te:1oois r.nd ~u~:~'deg. ;)Jy' S6BO.· soldier·s • ...

Just i n .front of 110' I S, ~i"l ,;:: YC'UJl[) D\1..t·ch .soldiol'1 v)i th fi;x:ed bo.yone t~., . : '., order?-ng us ·.to leC:'ov-e tt,\·· .honsc. "In. tho' rID 8.Lti IJi(; 'yJe were. g2.ther.od,

.onc . ' .

dressed, an·oth8.r,.:;'1:0·-t

YGt .

^{;i.:i. vlo.r< not. gl.von t~} .. ^{11l8 ...} to d1..iQS$ ourso)_ve's· . . - properly ;:::nc? even thoD G '\I}}O v?crc i r·.· the .·l~.v;'.tory' ~.l1d:-.to 'suspcnd their ~

2..cti vi t ies. Everything. \/cnt Oil· .q~~":" c~· :, - :;::.:'..::' ·2 =-_::0 ';Qttle we worc d~i ven . on by t·he soldi ers 'to 2n. o,Ix::)rl. s~~~~cc hl,]si o.c illy house .yjh~rc. -Gl2ny. p..ers::- / . . ·ons. were : alroady, ;~;:~tl-lUl\OC~, ~Cl::. " YVOHlC'lJ..₁ chil<lrc~'}.~ gr:eybcards,; .~l1.o . : ':. : {

.could not: ,,"valk ·properly. ~.:"n.Yl~orc '.( '~~:lOY r;crc c.arried.· ('.long f.'.nd op.e qf;'.

·,the.p YJ2S ² lip?ngpo.~10oii·9wno .l·"...t6~ o~\·ho.c.::;. plo2sc.nt rol~ with t'.~:IiFqy~.;

-erst . .':) o.nc~ b~blOS, sone o~:= ·thorti. nO't-:'d,"U::",'uO onG ri1ol1t~1. old. , '." ; .~ . ~ .' . .' }IIore 2nc? more pe opl c .~rr.i vee'";. nne. ~our gr oupo" grO\\i l~ . .rger •. ,

ThciTO "." .

we were, se2.tcc. o.n· the; wet g~~".GS, ffic;n ~togcther 'in :onc .group and .WOlIi.'C·'ri-

r.nd chilc1..rcn unCoor , i·ift00~!. yo~·.:r,s old. :-.·t SOi:C 'meters' dist~l1ce .·fromu,.s.

P2:rentlc8s· chilc~ron ?t:·:.yocl i:Ji ·t:t u.s . i.':1. ·our Group~ ,

' .. >.

In front of ^'°1.1S ::-~. r'l~-:,c)1.i.no.-gLtn w:;':~'; s t2.. -l;.i ol1cd· with · the· . bnrrc1. .

PQintcd ~t ii'S , j1-1~.t 0.:_ the lcycl . of ^.r·1,lr hec..l~~." A . young E.ur·L'..sic;:n sold-· . .," ier wi th tvvo frienc1[~. o·e hiD Y10rU .p.ostc~. 2t· .:tl~,c machine gun; ~ ten to :: . . f·iftoc.''i.1 othc-r solc1io~.u· poill.tc~~ thei r gUl1S (Wi th f .. ixod bayonets..) c.t us.

,:nnd~. 'se)' they.;r cIDc..in o~:1. gu.:=:rc.;> Fo r;ore· t old not .t9·· stir and to ' ~-/nit

for

\:Jf.l ... : t vvould." h2ppcntt· • . ' • • .

- . '. "Hi th tho miltt.~'l"~," BC.;.-1. v\;~r_e· t1:.c TOD2Ti12tc.ng, Lolo (N~tive ·chic·f-.;"

·tain), 'the K2.r2cl1G =;;"~rocsiY:i (Disi::ric.the2d, whc:w;:::'s shot:.down 2. fc\~v "

.~ d~ys_(... ' ·l .-,_c... ter_{, _} · ^}10';'/ _\i. t •'-""1l~ • 1.-... _ \ii'n~• J \T .:.,.... . ..J "-:'"'lrYlO~~;' ~.l_:l....L.i... • i.l... '''1 • v +r' U ^jI_.:. 1C)" C: . . . .,- .

. Thcr'c' we ;\"/e Te ~ nobcd.y ,.~2.r.c<~. · t o G;:'Y . ~1. vl-ord. No body dared to

sti-r

being. :c.fro.:id tl'lat sO~!H.;-i;hi.ng wouJ..d. l1clJpon· to· us; thoso who .h2.d ciga-

ret:tos: 'l;7'itli' thG~ o0ulerr 2ffor,Ci"sqTlG pUff:]'? ·those who he.d· to do ·n2.turc::l .

" nec.e'ssi ticS" .\flCT v :.f,orc·cd to (l~o S0:'01'2. the .spo-t 28 noQod.y W2.S 2 .. 1·lO\;·JG~ ~o.;

SO: dut·.of, the'.CToup ·(nQU0 .of· ~~ i s ~s9d to ·do .suQh .whil~ ~omc~ arc: - .

I . present) .: We :.h2:.d n~cre.ly ,rto do· nh:D-t' ytas .orQc"TGc~ to us by tho s.oldiq rS_e

-. Thor,e .. we :wcrc, ~uic'G' .and. ·~.nti·0ipi.~~til1g¥ ·guc.rdeC. :1G-Qvily o..l?IilC0. sold.i,er.s . soma of' .thom' 0.iS'gu.i.c~f1 "Jv' lJ:~fb·" ,tz: ~' SO;);:-G',~C.nd ,[lud··, (pIl-ob2bly' to '· become ···l,m .... ·

.. rn'co'rrn; \,.;. l:.; --z~b1·-'-_.. p. :'" ... ;"'1~I J.;:c·r(;" ' - ( 'l"'IC ,.~ ·;<~1. ., · "o.r0 '-'~ .;;,:.; -L...Ll._J..'-.I... I,,: ~;'.!!t ~~n) l1t_ ' . s' o'f· . c'"'t\....J...i.L.^m·-po'·''l·t7 .l.a.tJ . DJ" O·ilP·:-> - 0 .. · ... l' t .-.J .... , . ('.1( ... ·t ."

3-1/2 km. t s di G.to.ncc IT:)ill !,vlnc:-:sG2T ^t G 1.. ,",;~·"'~"'ii.l ) ~ ofiici2ls, l:-:bourcrs J. _. mc·;rch2.n ts, 'i1:11 t{;;r..:'. ta.s ''-::1.1Q' 1 l-it 0 1.10 C'Gtl[~ls~, c~oc ,,'..,':''''l' ;::j n· ·l0.w b-t:c 0"

0..4-. .. ~. I ' r'" '""' : .. " ." : • .. . ,

;. '. '~.'"

~. : ', ' . .', ,'..

\ ,0, , " , .,

. r . 1 " , ;

.... ,. ~. • 1

. '. ',::t .:' ' : )' . ,

: .. ^'~'-

. : , ; f ,' , I ' •

. ' • - ' .. ~ . . . l. . rr -, :.. !"~ -').-•. :

.. . . ' . -- : .~! .: (

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, . .

...

Still more peoplc were added to our group. Suddenly one of the suporior'military men shouted:^IIAre all men out of their houses?"

• Then begin to search their hO~llies.

, Three 'or. foUl' soldiers got ready to enter my ~~ard and my hOP.se. It was quiet aro':',nd us and so I could hear everything. HOD-seG.oors, cur--

boards and. tables were opened, everythi"ng that was locked was broken, up by iron implements.

In the meantime

a

person urucnown to us (from campong Djongaia) was brought before us, his hands 'i:;ied wi th a rope on his back.Two ,

soldiers accompanied him while a tlurd car~ied a sun-helmet~ mili- tary clothes and a pair of shoes and some other things belonging to the tied Derson.

We heard: uRere

he

^is,. an extremist, who murders and loots! II

We get som,e evidence (above-mention.ed thi~~.gs) and this fellow v1i l l be shot down!

Further: ^If .?here are all ~_your comrades! ^{i l .} ill C~Ol1 t t know, Sir, I am not an extremist!iI After b.avinc; bPoken these words he was beaten wi th the butt-end of a gun of O:'l.G of the soldiers, got a kick and vIas

thrashed black and blue.

Later on that d2Y he \l'7aS shot down too.ffif.; leader:11Ready, boys. Have allhouses been se2rched ?

Then we Vlere brought to another open field, some 300 metres from where we were seated, the women and children farther on at the bard~r

of campong Sambungdjavla.

, In the meantime the soldiers came back after baving searched the houses, but i t was conspicious that they all wer~ somewhat fatter (many of our house.wives proved. to havelost their cains ant::. sarongs etc. etc. )

In the open field we_were lined up in h21f a circle, caupong by . c2mpong and seQted at squ2r on the wet grass.

In the centre of the h21f cir cle Q dead man's body ~as

lying covered wi th his snrong while tens of men were se2~ted. in ci. rOYl,

their .upper~bo~ies hnlf naked, without head-covers, their leGS cross- ed, hands in their lli~ps in .:} still o.ttitude of awa.iting of what w01J~d

• happen further.

It was 8 2 . • ID. anc~ at 10 a .m. the group be'came about 1000 r.~e:a in 2.lUlIlber.

• Sud ~enly the r ain fell, pro hably to COQI I?ur disordered tho1..J.Chts. There we were sc~teQ from behind gU2rded by young Dutch boys"

amboine se fire-eaters " Javanese, Sundanese and Timore se soldiers, ase sis ted by the policemen of SungguminCls2 (<Yapital of Goa) under the leadership of the pollce-sergeant Pbtger (personally acquainted to : me) and some police-men from Macassar, one of whom was a notorious

rubber, Ambo D8.11e by name, who vVo.s captured. by the police so.o.e mo:nths ago for robbery and such things, dressed in a iipolice- uhiform^lf :Uoo.

In the centre of the half-circle we saw the comm~nder of the mili tary group who gave the oro.ers 2nd to whom was listerle0. strictly.,

A Sund.anese soldier stood beside us and said::iThnt m2.Tl 1 n2 .. G1ed Y!esterling, is cu.pte.in and is a Turk and a moslem; nobody gi ves hiD.

orders, as he helps the people 8nc. detests looters and extremists".

ilWho is guilty will be shot down and i t is much better to point out the extremis ts and looters among YOl"..r they will be killed and. the;

remainder will he set free and allowed to go home! ' ..

Then

Then I kne\iJ tha t the II no ble maJ.1." there wh-o Gave instruc ti ons, was the ^i; Tv~rk;I, the man \vi th the rec:' barret, .the leader of the

friGhtful mopping-up-troops in JC.V2., of \-:Jhom we had heard o.lrec~c1y so much anQ who had executed mopping-up-2ctions for many times in several border-campongs of r.1Zlcas8~~r.

Vhat ~ill happ' n to us now ?

, None of us kne\ , I Wo.s si tting in my own group aBong the il'~ha-

bi tants of campol1_b :Cr'.ru\visi (Djonggaia) 2nd others coming from f2rther situGted c~~)ongs joined us.

n _I, e h:l ac on 1 J r" 1:;0 WD.l ~ . t ••••••••• Cb . .lne se also from our campongs 2nd

c_own :llong us wi th bucke ts' hinder from the military men were taken ,away from our midst

\7ho hnd pies were allowed to go up and full of cattle-food \vithout 'having any whi13 other people coming from Torc,dju Qnd were allowed to ~o.

t"l frienc~ of mine

(a

',"i'_dower with so m2..11y children, 2~ houscm8..te,

I~,1r. Surono by namc a foremo.n ⁽¹ t the V. & W. - Dut ch government-office for co.mJnu..Ylicatio~lc~ and fo-'. t~le mo.intcna21ce of dykes, the n:.'.vig2.bili- ty of can21s etc. - sincu 1930 ~t IJac2ssar) looks lil:e a Chinese and 1:e 'R2S asked by one of t}lC soldiers:;;Are ;)'011 Chinese'?"

tl 1'1 0, I' ^ill J (, V8.ne s c l! •

ItYTell, sto..y here^{ll •}

Bverything nent on quickly.

One of the ren seated in the row in the centre of the half circle (21r8o.dy s-c~ted bCi""ore) Y.'3S pulled f orvl;:.rc1 in order to denounce his comr2"dcs among us (lo;::.teyu, extremists?) but th2t m[!.n did not know c.L1ything an::'. he WCL3 stl"uck \7i th the butt-end of 2 gun. However, he

w~~s not 2ble to poi::..!.t out Gnybody.

Then theilTurk" sClid ~ :IIf you 'do not point out your comrades, well, the:1 I ' l l do" .

At the same time he took ten persons from our midst kept theD ap2rt and among whom an o'L'ficial of the mosque 0:( Djongaia.

The Turk snid; ^il T?::..e se r;~ ten men will be sho t. Point out yOl2.r comra- des to ^{USil •} One of the said ton persons asked permission to spe2k.

':rl~e Turk cockec~ hi s ristol 2nC:. sLot Qt him. T,'le mr.n w::.s ter:,:'i ble

friGhtened. It ^{W[".s 10C88} poY/der.

Once agc.'in the oro_er VJ~:S given to the o.bove-s2.id persons to point out their comr2.des Y! 1ile they· were struck Y<1i th the butt-end ~nd the b2.rre1 f :..~ gU11.

He was conducted 2Iong t~c ctrcle 2nd at lc,st he pointed out his comredes(?) and 211 of them triad to protbst but in v~in.

They had to go to the mij:dlc 0I the circle 2nd the clothes of these tan men were to..ken off 2~d in their l.,U1(~er-g[1rments they h.::..d to join the row of the seo.ted men.

The person pointed out by the Turk were sot free into their oV/n group. One of the conu'c:des (se a ;::. bove) askec'" to c~efenc1 himself 2g2inst the 8.CCus8.-.~ion but he W2.S ';'}l1swerec. with .~ bullet through 1J.Js hep.(l~, He fell to n,~:var st2nc~ '~p o.gc:.in.

One of the flen in t:,-::.u r OYI DUS t c2.rry the denc~ boc_y to n lc.rge pit to be found there.

Another nmong t~e persons to be executed 21so csked to he he2r~.

He was c..nswerec~;;:you ",-,r :] 2. l ooter "".nc~ ['.n extremist, so you must

cti e ! " • '

iiI have not done C:':'ly·G~-:..ing vJrong_1, Sir, I e .. m nei ther n looter nor

~n extremist!i.

You

nyou want to live or to die?1t

n ~ YJo..l1 t to Ii va, Sir, h2V~ me rcy on me ^{It •}

;1 Then go ClW2.y 2nd (~O no t como ba ck, hurry up".

I'Ie rose to his feet to go LlW8..y, e2stwClrd. But then the Turk 2SSU!ll-

ed ~ rather squetting position hol~ing his pistol in front of him 2n~

took 2..im off the l:neos of tho In211. A shot WClS he8.rcl nnc1 the mc.l1. reo.lly supposing he W2S 2llowec ·to disnppeQr, W2S struck in his leg 2nd lay in the grass but TI~S not dead.

Once again he was O-sked: lIyou w2.nt to die or to go in to ~ hospi to.l ^{If •} The answer was utterec. p~.infully ::ilnto the hospitc.I, .:Sir₉ mercy.

I c;'.n' t w~lk ;:.nymore! ¹¹ ilThen go [~W8.3' in ['. hurry".

Ag8.in he rose to his foot c.nc.: triod to w2.1k but he seemed to com.e to hi s el1c~.

A new shot W2S he2rc~ c..nd the wOUl1ded m2n fell. He j oil1ec~ 11i8 2.n- cestors!

"The ene. of p8.inful s·oect<.:cle! ^jj

Me2.nwhile th~ Rndjn (fting) of G02 arrived. He descended from his motorc2r 2n~ wns met by hlr.P~tger.

;i\.ii!ho is he!;; I he2.rc1 one of the officers Llsking. Po-cgor; IiBe is the Rac.j--: of Gon"·.

:iAh, he must be shot dOVJl1. too, for he is not c.ble to restore pee.ce o.l1d orc:.er in his terx'i tory".

The R2.c1j2 Vv'2..S introo.ucec1 to tIle i'Turk" 2.nc1 shortly 2.fterw2rds we s2vv him goinG ~,W(}y followed by !1lQny V/O.Clen (his relatives) of the G02.-nobili ty, relG tee:" to tho ex-Arung Pone.

l'llennv7hile the r2in stopped 2nd i t WC'..S 2lre2.dy 11. 30 C~ .m.

A number of 20 or 30 112.kcc~ persons were c.lreCl.dy g2thered in the centro of the half circle who c21mlv await their fnte. None of them tricd to ro..ise objections ••••••.•• i t would. :i.1ot help C'.nyhoYv!

They \7ere orderec. to fetch 2nd bring the done bodies still lying in the field to the 12rge pit. None of us stirred, nobocty uttered 2.

VJord, everybody in ;:'. c2.1m 0.. tti tude of nW2.i ting for who.. t would ho.ppen.

Suc~denly: "A ttention •.••.••. everything re:J.dy? Everybody Oll his post.

The 20 or 30 men \7e~7C orc".Grcd to st2.nd to their feot 2..:10. go to the edge of the large pi t . Yfi thout 2ny resisto.nce they fo110w~G. the order.

They were linec:" up in C'. rovv with. their fe.ces tovJ2.rds us, cc,lm 2nd submissively knowing th2t now de2.th is neo..r.

The soldiers lined themselves up with guns, pistols, brellil-guns, tomr..:y-guns, metchine guns, etc. etc. re[ldy to give fire.

Then: HA ttcntio:rl. •••••••• Fire !:r

Yle did not ln10vJ \7112.. t we hco.rc1 2.n(. Wh2

-c

we snid. Never to be; forgot- ten in our life.

Hundreds of shots were he~rd 2nd 2t tho S2mc ti~e the 20 or '30

~en fell into tho pit.

Still more ^IIs hots". They werc 2.1re2dy dead, those 20 or 30 mcn who were still C':live in feYI minutes 2.[;0 . But, hOv7evcr, they still shot

G.t the 0.020.. bodies. Till 2n order \78.S given. "stop boys, it's cncugh!"

It WrlS quiet around us, we did not .hc2r even ,the birds chilp, "/e

did not hec.r oursclves. One 021ly -q.tterec1; ilAllnh hu Akb2.r+It ••••••

(God is Almighty).

Those men nrc deo.d ~ow !

'.7e still so.t thore [',nd were GU2rdcc1 more severely. The lIK2..r2. Zngtl fron iiKo.ru.wi si" \vElS c2.1lcd to come in fr 011 t of us 2nd de Ii vcr us ^8.

speech th£'o t wc h .1VC now been Ii bcr2 tad from lootors 2.nd. extremists.

Thf.'.t

Th2t =2r~. En.g is ^TIC\" 2.1so deo.c~ . The o.for-o-Dlcntione{i· n·ld ~lpenghulun

WO.S oO-rried forth :-:nL·'. W2S ordered to 'conduct 0. iipr2.yer of tht:lEksgivingu the. tour co.mpong i s nor: mopped up from 211 hum:::.n filth to Vvhich

3

time s ho or~y mus t be sho-l"lt od •.

Wo did so, but only for •••••••• iifo::-'.r" • Insid.e us i t Wc:'.S: ii All ~h hl1.. Akoo.r^{i: .}

A:1 ordor V/2.S Given. to Cll l the militc..ry Elon to 1112dc re2dy. "tl.ttont- i 0:''2.+ • • • • • • • Forw·::,.rd. ••••••••• 1',I?r ch! ^it

Lwr.-:y they went!

YTo ~oso to our feet r:.nd we shoal:: h211ds VIi th friends 2.nd ·:'.cqu::.il1- t2llCOS ~nC str::.ngers, bec~use of ••••• Goc is still ~ith us!

I ^Elet J.=r.po-cgor 2:10. he tolC. ^{!TlC ! i:=} could nct do ~i1ything f()r you, wo IT. d nothing to s;-;.y! ^II

We

wont home ~nd everyone ~ho W2S rol~te~ to th~ executed ~rso~s, W2S given the oppor'~TIity to fetch the doc.d bodies (tuo d2yS ~ftor­ w~rd.s t-:'~ere were somo c~c:-.-,c~ l)oc~ios to bo found i ll. the lo.rc;c pi t) •

Uy l i ttle son of 8 yo~rs 8lc~ C21:10 to me: IIDC'..dc~y ~ mc.ny persons h~ve

beon shot dOVJn! H2S not D~.c1dy be'2n shot clown? ^1/

I took him home, ;.::e2Ylvvhilc VJC ::'.11 WG rc ~ t home. Ylh2. t 2. SOl1S2 ti on ••• ! Everythi2g l~y hiGgledly-piGgle~ly. Cupbonrds 2nd t~blcs were bro- ken open; books in ~isordor, m2ttr~ssos cut open 2nd so ·on.

The brco..d. o.lroc.c~y sliced. V1GrO Gone, only Gome crunbl03 were to bo

fou.nc~ here ~nd thero. o~'l the grGlm(~. ~ho coffoe-pet W2S eIlpty-t- Meanwhile i t V12.d 1 p. D.

Our rice in the aodown W~~ thrown Ofr tho f l oor. Evoryone w~s

-chir s ty [.'.no. hungry. '-'

Hy Ii ttle son \lvn.s hun,c.:ry too, but hr.J. to s::tisfy himself \ni th the crumbles on the floor • '(Hoboc~y W2.S ::.t hone c.ll tho time, only my dog _

Wr.'. tched the h01.;.se; pos sibly i t h;;c~ ^C8.. ten t'.l l tho bre:::.d '"'.nc;' drunlr the coffee from tho coffee-pot, but it w~s honest enough to le2ve tho crumblos for us!ir).Hc inspoct8d c-.l1 rooms 2nd cupbo2.ro.s.

AnC Wh2t did we find ?

1ho jewels of ny Wife, watches, c~ins , sc.rongs, clothes, money had got :;legs i1 2.t th~-t time. Only 20 whole C!)!l t S h2.d no time to c~is­

~ppcC'.r. Tho finest rings 2nd hcrit~gG-crissos of my f2ther-in-1C'..w .. YverG gonG , o::'11y v.J.luolcs8 thi';'1gG r eIn::'.inec. 2S well 2.S BUT furniture

bec2usc 211 those thinGS could not be removed e2sily.Clothos ~nd

ot_1cr c.rtic10s of persJns utlkno¹:111 to us Vlere to be fOl.,LYld i ::'1 our houso . which 12ter on we h~ndcd over to the district ho~d .

:Nobody hO.d tho cour2GG to so.y something. Tho whol e c2mpo_1g VJo..s quiet, cvarybody stC'.yeG. 2t hom.c~ tho l11c?.rkct YJ2S ompty •••• and not be- fore 4 p.n. we could e~t somethi~G.

So the d2y of 16th. of December 1946 CQmo to ~n end.

A

C2Y full of in~er sufforiag, 2 dc-.yof s2d p2rting, ~ d2y of h~ppy meeting' 02ch other, n d~y of bogging -forgiveness , ~ to..y of pr~yor to God th2t Ho 1'I1igh t S2ve us.

The c.:-'.mpong W~'.s left empty. Everybody went ':lwc:.y to seck snlv.:--.tion elscnhere being nfr2i d to witness such ^2.. d~y ~g2in !

Four c1~.ys lC'..ter I w;.:s t.~ke.n i",:to the hospi t::11 becz:'.use of the st2.tc of my nerves. My "7hole I2.mily VJont to MC'.c2.sscr, my house lockod, ~.ll

my properties left behind r.:nd dnly the f10st nocessc..ry .:--.rticlos for '''-,

our c.r.ily life wc..s t~.lcen Hi th us. "-

And so did B2Uy pers~ns liko us.

In the hospi t2.1 I c.:--.mc to rest oYJing to tho Good C2rc of the nurs- as.

Everything

Everythin

g ^{w~s Go~'s} a

ffliction!

In August 1945 I

w

itne s

s

e

d

the Allied bombcrdmcnt

on w

hich

occ~sion

. I

lost 811 my

propertie

s

;

my

mot~cr-in-12w W2

S struck by

²

she11- fr2

GLlont.

In Sc

p

tembor 1945 w

e

toile

d

for

.the

benefi t of

thOUS~ll(l_S upon

thous~l1ds

of qx-romush.'"'_ s, vvorked i

n

the hospi

t~l

for hJl

ping ^my

feliow

humc:n

beings. :ing

cr of my fe11ow-country-men 1':"'.

tor looted

by robbers twico on the S2me d

2y (October 21st. 1945); further arrest-

ed

by

the policc for rCCls

:)

ns unknown to

^DC.

For iJNo months

_

thro\'U1 wi

th

stones by unknown persons 2nd ['.lw

2.ys in the night. And 12..st but ne

t

1c'1st:

dried in the -

sun

by J)utch aj_li tnry men while wi tnessing men shot down

^2S

if it wes

~othing

nne everything

lost

on Dece

m

ber 16th, 1946.

"10d.'s

Gfflicti

on •••••••••• !"

=============

IGENElli~ L REPORT"

M

C'..

c2 ssnr region.

,

Th e

T'Ic.C3

ssnr di

s

tlJict is 21so include

d

i

n

the rcgi on wher

e

the

ilst~te

of wnr

^ll exists.

1. I'-~2r ⁰ s • J fl.

nlli,:ry

1947.

K

npnrig-vil12ge, Tjenron~-district,

3 persons taking wnterrbuffn- 1

0es from Parigi 3mong

whom one Snttocng from Bango-vi11nge were shot deQd by K.N.I.L.-sol

diors ~nd

thoir bodies left to bo devoured by

2..nino..ls.

Febru::-.ry 1941.

1. TjC:Bpo

e

lili-vi.l- l-t:.

gQ

,

^{Tj2mb2.-c~istrict,}

2 persons nc.mc

d

Toes2.11.g o.nd

- -

T ji tj oe vIera shot

^de~c~ 2nd the bodies 19ft ^~nd

consUm

ed by '-lile:' bC2sts ^t

2. In Rccton-vil12ge,

^rT~llcwn-district,

5 persons

^~erG

killed Qna the bodios

de

voure

d

by

wild beQsts. A

mong the victims was

^{Q WOffi2n}

who

^W2S

~

fetchin

g

wc.tor for

pr~yer;

sever

e

l h

ouses 2nd the properties insid

e burnt daVIn, c2.using;'.

dC:.DD.gc

of

~.pproxir12_tely

f.

-

10.000.-

3. In

P2t2nj2mong-vill~gc,

Tjc.mbn-distnict 2n11 innocent person W

G

S killed 2t rc.ndou, in hi

s

ow n house.

4. In Tobong2s-vil1ng

e, Tj~mb2-district,

60 persons were

~pprehGndGd

i'.nd mnltre

c:.

tcd. (their bodies burnt with cigo.J:'ottes, their eyes rubbed with red pepper),

~endjnng

30 yoc.rs old, one of tho

multrc~tcd

is

living now

-

in

^1-~~_ro

s.

5. In

S2w2roG-v~112go

,

Tj~mb2-cistrict,

n WOQnn H21cna, was ass2ult-

.

ed by

~

Nic2-ngcnt

n~tled B2 S0. _

6. Lo

oting by

Dutch troops of prope rties belonging to the populntion

2.S

s

Q

rongs, jew

c

lleries etc. occurred

in

Tjc.mbn, Tjenrono ctnd

H~12wc..

district; losses +

f.6.000.-

7.

7.

J)c.ong l.i:~scsc ^VI2.S shot i,n KC'.pp2.ng-villc.gc (Tjenrono.) 2nd.' his body loft to ^b~ devoured by nnimnls.

M(l.rch

1947.

In Pnd2ng-Loho-vill~gc (Tj2mb~) ~ house including prpporties Gnd unhusk~d paddy wns burned down. Losses ~pp~oxim2tcly f.1000.- II. Gow~. Dccccbor 194~

.A gener21 ~rrest of politic21 party lC2.dcrs, youth ~nd populntion

w~s c2rried out ~t the end of Kovembcr

1945,

on account of t no murder of ::.n iissistc:nt-civ-il service officor So. Eboc ~t Sunggu.min~so., 2.mong whom 7 membors of the Indonesi~n N~tion~l Fo.rty wore forced by third degree methods to confess and up to now they nrc being still dct2ined in the I~cnss~r jnil notwithstC'.nding lack of evidence.

The investigation wes conducted by the police-inspector Kcttcnis

:-~nd const;-,.blo Abd.P~hiI2 ~nd S:-.1011:--., who first produced ['.. well--oditcd end clor:r record ;-~ccording to their ov-."n line of thought 2nd r-:ftcr- wc.rcls .G1Gl tre~~ tee. the r'.ccused pers ons forcing them to confess ~do(Jr­

dillg1y. This invcstig[~tion of course, h~s loc.d t o nowhere but never- theless, the 7 persons Rre still detf'.ineo. ['.s hcstf'.gcs for the ;:bove- mentionoc1 crimo rlnd the other pcrsJns hc.d boon relco.scd. Thoir cases were shelved ~ccordinG to tho fr~Dcd inv~stig~tions.

/

~ocembor 2nd.

1946.

In T~djunb-BunG2-vill~Ge, Goes8ong, K~roowisi dist~ict tho Dutch police ~-:n.d 2rmy 'burnt cl..o\vn ,~bout 30 cOtt2gC8 of the pOpU12 tion r.nd 200 i,nnocen-G persons WGre killed in ~ gC.!.1er8.1 s12ught'er. P8boela DC'.eng

Bel:~ (Al1rJng Gncroc I\'~ontjor.Jb Bol:1ng) took p~rt in this nrJ.opping up"

opcr~tion 28 ~ Nic~-spy.

Deccnter 12th.

1946.

L2rgc-9C~IG incondi~ries, killL~g ~nd looting wns co.rried out in '

P~~ttoeng-vil12ge, S~piri2 ~nd Boj~ng, Simbung district by police, officers ~~d Dutch troops from Soonggoominc.s2. D28Qges nnd co.su21tics

Q~~Dnted to 100 houses burnt down; gold 2nd clothes looted 2nd 50 innocent persons murdered.

December 24th.

1946 •

•

In ])jonggo..jo, ICnr~wisi distl"ict, police officers 2nd. troops from-

SocnGGocflin~~2, their f2ces blC'.ckcncd to prevent rocognition, l~otcd

ecney, golden 2rticlcs ~nd clothes ~nd killed

63

innocent peraoils.

ThG villr:ge-hcQd of Djongg~jo W2.S be2ten Vii th the bust-end of 2 gun whon he rccognizoQ one Pcrnw~ns2 policy const~blc, ~s e p~rticip2nt

of the r::.id. S2ic. J?2.r~wnns~ VlC.S en inhr:bitc.nt Df Djonggc.jo Yihc knaws the rich Denbers of the village.

III.

Gn1csong. _D~ccmbor

2

^{th •} _•

124

_• 6 •

1. In I.I!['.l1ind2rr:-vill;'.go, Gf'.lesong-district 8 persons [l.nd the Pel:--.re.

(vil12ge hG2dj were killed by ~~ntri-polisi (police-officor) Scngknlc.

Pc.t~ without ~Jy previous interrog2tion •

2. In Kr:lookoe Boc.o-villo.ge, 2 persons, one of them nc.med M2.ng2.m.bnri D:::.eng Ke18 VJorc m~l trc:'. ted 2.nc:' 2.ftcrw~rds killed by Dutch solc:icrs Cl.ne.

their properties l00te~.

Duccflber 12th.

1946~

In

k~mpong K~~~tong Ge12r~n

one S8eboek

W2S

shot 2t first

or~er­

cd

to rlll

nw~y i.nd C'.fterw.'"'..rds

shDt

c1o"vn.

His house

w~.s

burnt dOVln

~n~

his properties

laato~.

This

~ct w~s

perpctrctod by Dutch

troop~.

Decembor

15th.

1946.

In

B2.rong

Tht.112.-villc..gc L'.

po1ice-detnchment from 8oenGGocnin2..S2.

under COIDrlnnd of 821ello.. rounded up the inh2bit2nts

2.nc~

executod t.ll of them. Casualties were 100 killed. Properties were looted

8nd 104

houses burnt

~own.

December 16th.

1946.

In Bonto-Ro..ja-villcge police officers from

SungguminQsa lin~d

up

9

persons

~nd 'shet

them c_ead; 7 houses were burnt

dOVl'fl t.nd l>l"'Opol"t-

ics looted.

DeceBb0r 17th.

1946.

In S8.v1~.'.kkong

villo..ge

police

officers killed every ffi2.le

person

th'oy S2V,I. Cr..suc..l tics wore 20 l)ersons killed

, 4

houses burnt

dOYln 2::'1d

pro- perties looted.

l'T 0 T E

Still

mnny

simtl2r

~ctions

were perpetrated evidence 2nd inform.-

~tions

of which C2n bo obt2ined froD outside

sources.

Tho totnl

~L10unt

of

burnt houses were 116

Rnd

the v21uo of looted propertios

2Bountee

to

±

70.000 guilders.

IV. December

1946.

On T2nnh-keke islcnQs Dutch troops looted the properties of

250

rich persons 2nd burnt their houses

down.

The Gelcrnn

(heQd)

of sGid is13nd was

n~ltre2ted.

Gr2Qually his ears

~nd

thighs woro cut off lli"'1.til

he

met his de

2th undor grGCtt 2-gonios.

His

body

was thrown into

tho son.

v.

^P~long

^B2nkeng.

^December

^1946.

1. In Socmb'"'.ya-villc.go, wOlJnded persons

who

fel in tho h2nds

2f

the Dutch werc

mutil~tGd.

2. In

B2nto-Lcb~nG-vil12gG

2 villt.gers were

~rrested cnd shot

dC2d.

Tho bodies

were guarded

for two days discompose and afterwnrds loft to the do-gs to be

devoured.

3. In Bontowa-villc.tge .ffi0.1es woro shot, women 2.ss3.111

ted

2nd thoso

rlho

resist~d. were

shot dend (c2su21ties were

2pproximately 100

persans

killed).

NOT

E

In

the whole

P~long-B2ngkeng

2re2 D2ny similar or norc c.ruGl

o.ctions

were perpctrntGd murders,

n~l

treatmonts,

lootings,

out- rages, Inrge-sc21o

incendi~rics. We

regret not to

bn ~ble

to

produc~ .

the

GXGct

figures of the number of murders,

ill-tro~tments,

lootings,

~ss~ults and

burnings. The 12tost ostigo.tes of the

casualties ~B0U11t

to

ncarly

15.000

nen, vv¹0mcn,

children

und

others

killed.

VI.Tnkf'-lnr.

~[ethqds

of the

police a::.'le. army perpe t~a.te.d upon personh>~ ar~~t~ ~y

them : .

1.

prisoners were

forced to jump from a swiftly

rU~1inG

car

and ~hot

dead

.•

2.

prisoners

were

ordered to

go

the lavatory and thea shot

deQG.

3.

the nantri-politie

(police-officer)

at

Takalar

force~ his

prisoners,

who were

being

tortured.,· to say

the

ilSjahadat^a (a sacred formula

of the Qur'an)

and

shot then

tr~ough

their

mouth,until

they were dead.

I'JOTE:

Sinilar il1-treatnents were

also

executed on

prisoners

at

Pandong2 Goa

and by the

police of Soenggoeminasa

•

. VII. Djeneponto. Novcober

1946.

1.

The

Bnrana-village

,

Bonkala-district, mass-killings

was

executed

by soldiers

from

Macassar and

Djenep6nto. 70 villagers were

killod ,

150

houses

burnt

down VJhilc

the looted. properties could

not be

estiDn- tec .•

.

2. Troops fron Djeneponto mu.rdered

villageG of

13oe1002 Bangkol vil1Clge and burnt Qown

17

hOUSeS.

OProperties

'

were

also looted.

December 1946.

1. In

Mnero.:..village

(Binampc) soldiers and

police officers

from .Djene- ponto :

a.

killed

40 villagers and

burn~

down 40 houses. Looted properties

8flounting

to 5.000.000 guilders.

b. ill-treated.

7 praying

persons, u...ntil

they

met

their death.

2. In Aroeng

Keke

(TIinnmo) 6 persons were killed

,

23 houses burnt

down, properties

looted

and

20 persons maltroated

.

(the right

h~~d

of

one

of them

was cut off and the

Karncng

(head)

of Kekc

was

shot

through

his thigh.

N

0

·T

E; AccordinG to inforI!l.2tions the victims of the "purge

ⁱⁱ

oper.::?tio~

in tho

su.b-district

Djoneponto

.

amounted to

±

3000 porsons.

===:!:===

(~d I,V B.

Frc;.faco .

TllO 2rbi trsrJT ccti ::>~-::'e Qne. the cruel tics of the Dutch in P~lopo­

regiO.ll beg2.n wi tl: hurting the fGclin.;s of the papula ti::>l1 w:r_~) ~_i ve in pe?;cc i!.1. a spll0rc of freedom culeil1~ t:L11.G in the 200ffair of' C:::.f:lponr;oo BoeQ (± 12 k.rn. froB Palopo) .

J2nUrlry 21st.

1946 .

---..- _.

A brigade of the £~lTIL (:::toyal Netherland.s Indies Army) u..Ylcler the m:-\o:r1,2zcmont of ~.: Dl.1..tch-m2.n entered. c. Ilosque in campong Boce ~-:'El:oo defiled.

r-:.nd tore up the lC2vcs of the Qur' o.n. The guardsman of the Bosque who tried ^to save t1-:c Lol~oor book ^rIelS given ^a kicl<: on his oouth f:~O ·Ct .. 3 t :111

~io teeth foIl aUG 2nQ then his head w~s thrust with a b2yonet scvcr- :21 tijJ.c. (the rL.."..IDO of tYl.::lt guardoID2n is Tomo..ndjaw'?ooni:; he is c:bout

45

yo~rs olt 2nd by tho Grace of God he is atill alive now and rcn~in i~

c~;.mpo~:'2~ Boe 8. ) •

Thi.s incident :U' OU2Cd the unrest 8i' tho pGop18 and thc;y bOi;f'.n to

2 ttc.ck the t 0'.-H1 of P;::} opo o.l'1Q cl:.:' Ghcs be tV1C en ci tizcns 2.l1C~ "~~hl; !)u tch

Qrl:lY broko (;' .. -:.t :;nd h8stili ties c!xtcndee .. t:: 811 comers of thG LocVloc-

rogion ['.nc_ everyvvherc the ci tizons org::'ll1iz ed. the defence, c.rninG them- selves wi th tipped. bCti';~bo~-s-cicks, spe2rs [""'.nd 8ini12.r tools.

l)uI'in{~ tho first clc.shos tho Dutch troops were . bec.tcn in the rcgio~

of P:"'.lopo 2nd its cnvirons. AftGr throe d2YS Nica-troops ^C2!::lC for '""'.ssist::ncc.

J~,nu£~ry 24th. 1946.

P2lopo was c.tt2ckod fron two sides. FroD the sen n m~n of W2r cntcr-

G:~ the h~rbol).r, wi tb.. the; l"ed.-:1nc~ \;vhitc fl~g hoisted c..nd firoc~ cC.:nl1on- shots 24 tim.es . People ' s cott::gOG nnl~ some builci:r:..gs of the Gov.:rn.wcnt of the Republic of IDdon~si£ at Pnlopo (post-office, tolaphone- cxch2n-

g0 ~~C SODe other buil~ings) were dostroyed 2nQ the c~su~ltios 2E~ng

t:':l.e pcpul.:'oo ti on numbcrcc1 up to 200 men ..

At the S~illC tibc from the direction of Sengknng, M2kallc 2nd Possa

=~\TII.:-·t:ro ops launchec. coon ^Q ttnck r1hilc they cr:.rricd rcd-2.l1d-whi to £12.g8 2nd every soldier b .. f..s ::'oo rcd-o.nc~-,:?hi to b-:dbc on his C1:cst .::nc.. ... lsing

the l1.2.I1-C of PETA (:reL!bel~. lz:nc.h Air :::: I:ac:.ol1.Gsi.::n Defc:;'lCG ATay, c 3t~-

.. blishoc1 c~urir.tg the Jeool")2110S(! tine) .

Youth orgcniz~.ti:rns ~nd t.r_o popu18 tiOll retired into tllc c()ull.try

n:ac~ 1?~.~lcpo wt .. S occupiGc~ by the Dutch ['Iond wi th this OCCUp2 ti J::.'l br0ke

out the pc:riod of 1:l21t:co2.tmcnt, torture, looting, viol~.ticn[-{ Z"'.nc

other despotic elctions v/hich viol~~ted hW-:lC'..nit::ri2.n principles, in the

P~~l?po-rebion. lL'ldcr l?(.Cl..e~G1?-ip __ of lieute~12nt Tupcng in(li?~.tco.. ,-:8

IlG.Yll1C undor 'Ghe troc;,1 Z'oo:t:d. 1n l'-Gl~l ... :::.~ruglon undor le~c.er8l!.ll") of .' ,- .

c2ptc.~in A bong.

H8rG follow spccimc::1t~ of cvic:'cnce rCf:2.rding tho Dutch trc.::-.tDcnt

P~loPJ sector 2n~ onvirons. Dcccrubcr

1946 .

Nic~-troops robbed the popu12tiJ~ of t~Gir noney put in the People' s

B2.r~1:. 1E P;--~lopo ~nolli"ltinG to f .48.000.- in silver. The :rcceipts YIGr.:

kept by Opoc BC'oolir2ntc'J Ar.ti T.:?pp2njofJIJO who .?.rG dot2.ined now ~ t

M~s22ba (Loowoc) .

J 2.:nu:. ry 21

January

21 ~

,IQ46.

1. Boea-affair

(see

preface).

2. Some

youths maltreated

in Palopo o.a.

Noerdin

about 17

years

old (held. in custody in 11asamba).

Januar.y. 24. ,1_946.

1. All houses

bclongiag to

youth-leaders

an~

well-known

persons

in the natj.onnl movement

burnt down while

their

properties were

looted.

2.

T':·.E) properties of LOeY10e-sul tana te of millions of guilders value which

were

left

behind

in

good

order,

were

looted.

3. Everyone

in

the street coming from the mosque

was

shot

down.

Mr. Oesman and

some

friends of

his who

just came from the

mosque tJere

shot dead.

JanuBry 26 1946.

The Dutch

entered Balandai-village

and

about 20 houses vlcre burnt down.

First the

Dutch

troops

fired at

the houses not

caring whether

or

not

there are

people

inside. Then they entered the

premises -Cook

all

articles

they

found away

and burnt

down

the house

s

. In

this cam-

pong

there were about 20

casualties.

January 27. 1946.

1. Some KNIL soldiers

wearing

red-and-white badges

gathered

the

people nnd

fired

at

then ;

This occurred

at

: Boea

Bilopa Ponrang

Larornpang

casual ties

_"_

-"- -"-

25

100 200

9

!!len.

,I n

It

2. A man called Paraka

si,

supervisor of bridges, at Parenang (about 40

k.rn.

from Palopo)

got his

ear cut off and he

was

afterwards

shot

down.

March lQ46.

I 1.

Andi Kasim,

Vice-chairman

of

P

.R.I. (Partai 3.epublik IrLdonesia =

InQonesian Republican

Party) and ~Andi Hadjadje,

a member of

the boara

·.

of directors of the same

party

at

r·'lasamba, vvere

arrested.

c. t SiVJ2

(Wadje), brought

to ~alopo anQ

exhibited to the public

and

afteTwnrds brought to the campong Patene (about

2 k.rn.

from Palopo) where the two men were pierced

with

the

hayonet

till they died.

2. Opoe

Ambena TenringenG

vvas

captured and

detai~1.ed

at Palopo. This old. m&n of 50 years

was

tied

with a piece

of rope around his throat and so

pulled by a

jeep

around

the

tor,'n till he died.

3.

Whe':'l

mopping up ·

actiO':'1S were

carried out by the KNIL-troops

at

Pombakka (about 15 k.rn.

from

Palopo) the assistant campong-head

VIi th

his family was

killed

in a horrible way. Valuables (golden articles

etc.

were

looteG

and

afterwards some

houses

were burnt

^do~n.