Empathy and its association with aggression in early childhood
Leiden University
Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences Cover model: Stan van Lierop
Cover illustration: Marilou Maes | www.persoonlijkproefschrift.nl Layout and design: Stijn Eikenaar | www.persoonlijkproefschrift.nl Printing: Ridderprint | www.ridderprint.nl
©2020, M.M.P.G. Noten, Leiden University
All rights reserved. No part of this dissertation may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the author.
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Empathy and its association with aggression in early childhood
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van
de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden,
op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof.mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker,
volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties
te verdedigen op woensdag 25 november 2020
klokke 11.15 uur
door
Malou Maria Petronella Gerardus Noten
geboren te Geldrop
Prof dr. S.H.M. (Stephanie) van Goozen, Cardiff University
Co-promotores
Dr. K.B. (Kristiaan) van der Heijden
Dr. S.C.J. (Stephan) Huijbregts
Promotiecommissie
Prof. Dr. Wouter Staal
Universiteit Leiden
Prof. Dr. Lenneke Alink
Universiteit Leiden
Prof. Dr. Robert Vermeiren
Universiteit Leiden
Dr. Minet De Wied
Universiteit Utrecht
Prof. Dr. Maaike Cima
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
Prof. Dr. Toon Cillessen
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 General Introduction 6
Chapter 2 Infant emotional responses to challenge predict empathic behavior in toddlerhood
26
Chapter 3 Empathic distress and concern predict aggression in toddlerhood: The moderating role of sex
68
Chapter 4 Associations between empathy, inhibitory control, and physical aggression in toddlerhood
92
Chapter 5 Indicators of affective empathy, cognitive empathy, and social attention during emotional clips in relation to aggression in 3-year-olds
120
Chapter 6 Summary and General Discussion 150 Nederlandse samenvatting (Summary in Dutch) 170
About the author
Curriculum Vitae List of Publications Dankwoord (Acknowledgements) 182 184 185 187
