Hybrid kinetic-MHD modeling of the solar
wind and Coronal Mass Ejections
Final Report of FWO project G.00304.07
S. Poedts (promotor)
January 31, 2011
Contents
1 Scientific results obtained by Dr. Jovo Vranjeˇs
(partly hired on this project) 3 2 New collaborations resulting from this project 5 3 Scientific publications by J. Vranjeˇs 7 3.1 Publicaties met leescomit´e in international journals . . . 7 3.2 Publicaties met leescomit´e in conference proceedings . . . 9 4 Scientific publications and presentations by Grigol Gogoberidze, Marian
Lazar and Stefaan Poedts 11 4.1 Publicaties met leescomit´e in international journals . . . 12 4.2 Publicaties met leescomit´e in conference proceedings . . . 14 5 Scientific presentations about the results of this project 15 5.1 Scientific presentations by J. Vranjeˇs . . . 15 5.2 Scientific presentations by G. Gogoberidze, M. Lazar and S. Poedts . . . . 15
Identification of the project
1. Ref. nr.: G.0304.07
2. Responsible: Stefaan Poedts
3. Project period: 1/1/2007 – 31/12/2010
4. Period covered by this report: 1/1/2007 – 31/12/2010
The originally proposed project anticipated two scientific collaborators, viz. a postdoc-toral researcher for the analytic study of the effects of partial ionization, the adjustment of the models for it and the application of these novel models to the onset of CMEs; and a PhD student for the development of the necessary hybrid kinetic-MHD computer simulation codes. However, the proposal was only partly granted and the aims had to be adjusted accordingly. In fact, Dr. Jovo Vranjeˇs was hired only partially on this project as the provided budget did not reach out for a 100% appointment.
Through a GOA project (GOA/2004/01) and a Prodex 9 project (C 90347) at the K.U.Leuven and through FWO Visiting Postdoctoral Fellowships, part of the non-granted project plan could be recovered. Dr. M. Lazar and Dr. G. Gogoberidze both visited the CPA in the framework of this FWO project and PhD students E. Chan´e, A. Soenen and F. Zuccarello contribute(d) substantially to the numerical modeling part of the original proposal and they profited from this project through the scientific inputs in yielded for their research work. Therefore, their work is also mentioned in this report (and, of course, the FWO is acknowledged in their papers).
1
Scientific results obtained by Dr. Jovo Vranjeˇ
s
(partly hired on this project)
In view of the proposed plan of investigation for the years 2007 and 2008, and partly also for 2009, the effects of neutrals on the development of waves and instabilities have intensively been studied. These results are presented in papers [1]-[3], [9], [10], [14]-[16], [18], [27], [33], [34], [36], [38], [41], [44], [46], [48], [53], [55], [61]. Regarding the subject, the papers [1], [2], [9], [34], [36], [38], [48], are a direct application to the collisional and weakly ionized lower solar atmosphere. The other mentioned works on the same issue represent our contribution to the general plasma theory, yet largely also applicable to the solar plasma too.
The investigation covers a number of phenomena, like the neutral drag effects on the excitation of plasma perturbations [1], [38]. The instability of such a drift-driven mode (Farley-Buneman type) is shown to develop when the electron drift exceeds a certain threshold. At spatial scales far exceeding the mean free path of the particles, the non-linear effects result in a self-organization in the form of traveling double vortices. Strong effects of collisions on Alfv´en waves are also studied. In Ref. [2], some recently published results of other researchers are critically reexamined and rectified. In Refs. [9], [34], [36], the important issue of the energy flux of Alfv´en waves is studied bearing in mind the facts that the solar photosphere is very weakly ionized and the dynamics of the plasma particles in this region is heavily influenced by the plasma-neutral collisions. The magnetization of the plasma constituents are quantitatively examined, showing that the ions and electrons in the photosphere are both un-magnetized, their collision frequency with neutrals is much larger than the gyro-frequency. This implies that eventual Alfv´en-type electromagnetic perturbations must involve the neutrals as well. This has the following consequences: i) in the presence of perturbations, the whole fluid (plasma + neutrals) moves; ii) the Alfv´en velocity includes the total (plasma + neutrals) density and is thus considerably smaller compared to the collision-less case; iii) the perturbed velocity of a unit volume, which now includes both plasma and neutrals, becomes much smaller compared to the ideal (collision-less) case; and iv) the corresponding wave energy flux for the given parameters becomes much smaller compared to the ideal case.
In [3] the properties of gas acoustic and ion acoustic modes are investigated in a collisional, weakly ionized plasma in the presence of un-magnetized ions and magnetized electrons. In such a plasma, an ion acoustic mode, driven by an electron flow along the magnetic field lines, can propagate almost at any angle with respect to the ambient field lines as long as the electrons are capable of participating in the perturbations by moving only along the field lines. Several effects, including the electron-ion collisions, the perturbations of the neutral gas, and the electromagnetic perturbations, are studied. The neutral sound mode couples to the current driven ion acoustic mode, and these two modes can interchange their identities in certain parameter regimes. The electromagnetic effects, which in the present model imply a bending of the magnetic field lines, result in a further destabilization of an already unstable ion acoustic wave.
The results obtained in Refs. [16], [53], should contribute to a definite clarification of some contradictory results in the literature published in the past. The friction in fully ionized plasmas consisting of two species with different temperatures is discussed together with the consequent energy transfer. The different starting temperatures of the two species imply an evolving background. It is shown that the relaxation time of the
background is in fact always shorter than an eventual growth rate time of the acoustic mode and therefore the instability is unlikely to develop.
The collisions and friction are also studied in detail in Refs. [14], [18] and some com-pletely new phenomena are obtained. These works involve also coupling between the ion-acoustic and drift [18], waves, and the physics of multi-ion and (a completely new, recently produced) pair-ion plasmas [14], [28], [39], [45].
The investigation of drift waves and instabilities driven by gradients of the equilibrium plasma is continued also in papers [5]-[8], [10]-[12], [20], [23]-[26], [30], [31], [34], [37], [38], [42]-[44], [49]. In particular, papers [20], [24]-[26], [29], [31], contain the new paradigm of the heating of the solar corona, mentioned in the Short Summary above. There, a multi-component fluid and kinetic description of the drift wave instability is presented and applied to the solar plasma. The proposed new paradigm for the coronal heating appears to be able of satisfying numerous heating requirements of the solar atmosphere, like: 1) providing an energy source for the extremely high temperature in corona, together with 2) a reliable and efficient mechanism for the energy transfer from the source to the plasma particles, and 3) this with a required heating rate, 4) the explanation of the discrepancy between ion and electron temperatures (typically Ti > Te), 5) the explanation
of the origin of the large temperature anisotropy (T⊥ > Tk) with respect to the direction of
the magnetic field, particularly for ions, 6) the explanation of the observed larger heating of heavier ions, and 7) the proposed mechanism should work everywhere in corona (with well known different heating requirements in active and quiet regions). The theoretical model presented in our works [20], [24]-[26] shows that a) the energy for driving the mentioned drift modes and instabilities, and for the heating of corona is already present in corona, and, b) this energy is naturally transmitted to the different plasma species by well known effects that are, however, beyond the standardly used models and theories. Moreover, it is based on well established, basic theory which has already been verified and confirmed by means of laboratory plasma experiments. We have shown that the basic ingredient necessary for the heating is the presence of gradients of the density (eventually also of the temperature and magnetic field) in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field vector. Such density gradients are a source of free energy for the excitation of drift waves. Two mechanisms of the energy exchange and heating are shown to take place simultaneously: one due to the Landau effect in the direction parallel to the magnetic field, and another one, stochastic heating, in the perpendicular direction. The stochastic heating i) is due to the electrostatic nature of the waves, ii) is more effective on ions than on electrons, iii) acts predominantly in the perpendicular direction, iv) heats heavy ions more efficiently than lighter ions, and v) may easily provide a drift wave heating rate that is orders of magnitude above the value that is presently believed to be sufficient for the coronal heating, i.e., ' 6 · 10−5 J/(m3s) for active regions and ' 8 · 10−6 J/(m3s) for
coronal holes. This heating acts naturally through well known effects that are, however, beyond the current standard models and theories.
In the presence of the temperature and magnetic field gradients [26], the strongly growing modes are also found using an advanced multi-component fluid model. These instabilities i) imply the presence of electric fields that can accelerate the plasma particles in both perpendicular and parallel directions with respect to the magnetic field vector, and ii) can stochastically heat ions. The perpendicular acceleration is to the leading order determined by the ~E × ~B-drift acting equally on both ions and electrons, while the parallel acceleration is most effective on electrons.
the solar corona can be explained within the drift wave theory as a natural stage in the kinetic growth of the drift wave. In this scenario, a growing mode with a sufficiently large amplitude leads to stochastic heating that can provide an energy release in the range of nano-flares, i.e. of over 1016 J.
Another number of studies related to the drift wave instabilities and some other phe-nomena represents also a direct application to the solar plasma and the solar wind. These include Refs. [7], [37] where the shear-flow effects are studied, Refs. [11], [43] where the frequency domain close to the ion gyro-frequency was in focus and the kinetic instability of the ion-cyclotron (IC) mode is discussed together with the IC wave coupling with the drift wave. Reference [13] contains a study of nonlinear structure formation in the solar atmosphere. Similar applications to solar plasma physics are in Refs. [21], [23], [34]; in particular in [21] the properties of the Alfv´en wave in the outer solar atmosphere and in the solar wind are discussed, and some recently published theory of other researcher is rectified.
Some kinetic [30], [63] (applicable to space and laboratory as well as to solar plasma), nonlinear (soliton formation, nonlinear Landau damping, vortex ring formation) [15], [19], [28], [30], [57], and other phenomena in ordinary plasmas and plasmas with heavy impurities are also studied related to astrophysical and laboratory applications. A part of the activity covers phenomena in pair-plasmas (electron-positron) [5] that can be found in active galactic nuclei and neutron stars, the magnetic field creation in inhomogeneous plasmas due to the ion-acoustic wave instability [4], [47], and we have made a contribution to the sheath-theory too [17], [56].
A number of talks given at various places covers many of the topics presented in the papers.
2
New collaborations resulting from this project
The present project has been the starting point for collaborations with the von Karman In-stitute (St.-Genesius-Rode, Prof.Dr. H. Deconinck), the Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory (Rep. of Georgia, via Dr. Grigol Gogoberidze), and the Institut f¨ur The-oretische Physik IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik (Ruhr-Universit¨at, Bochum, Germany, via Dr. Marian Lazar). Dr. Grigol Gogoberidze and Dr. Marian Lazar have been hired inn the framework of the present project as FWO Junior Visiting Postdoctoral Fellows, respectively GP.003.07N and GP.002.08N.
Scientific results obtained by Drs. G. Gogoberidze and M. Lazar
Dr. Grigol Gogoberidze worked at the Centre for Plasma Astrophysics at the K.U.Leuven with a Junior Visiting Postdoctoral Fellowship of the FWO-Vlaanderen from 05/03/2007 to 04/03/2008. During the fellowship period, Dr. G. Gogoberidze was involved in the FWO research project ”Hybrid kinetic-MHD modeling of the solar wind and Coronal Mass Ejections” (i.e. this project, G.0304.07). He first studied the possibility of velocity shear-induced mode conversion of different magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar wind, both analytically and by means of numerical simulations. A quantitative analysis of the wave transformation processes for all possible plasma regimes has been performed. By applying the obtained criteria for effective wave coupling to the solar wind parameters, we showed that so-called velocity shear-induced linear transformations of Alfv´en waves
into magnetoacoustic waves can effectively take place for the relatively low frequency Alfv´en waves in the energy-containing interval. Moreover, the obtained results are in good qualitative agreement with the observed features of the density perturbations in the solar wind.
Dr. Grigol Gogoberidze also studied the dynamics of linear perturbations in magne-tized shear plasma flows with a constant shearing rate and with gravity-induced stratifi-cation. The general set of the governing linearized equations has been derived, and the two-dimensional case was considered in more detail. He used the Boussinesq approxi-mation in order to examine relatively small scale perturbations of low-frequency modes: gravito-Alfv´en waves (GAWs) and entropy-mode (EM) perturbations. It has been shown that for flows with an arbitrary shearing rate, there exists a finite time interval of non-adiabatic evolution of the perturbations. The non-non-adiabatic behavior manifests itself in a twofold way, viz., by the over-reflection of the GAWs and by the generation of GAWs from EM perturbations. It has been shown that these phenomena act as efficient trans-formers of the equilibrium flow energy into the energy of the perturbations for moderate and high shearing rate solar plasma flows. An efficient generation of GAWs by EM per-turbations takes place for shearing rates about an order of magnitude smaller than those necessary for the development of shear instabilities. The latter fact could have important consequences for the problem of angular momentum redistribution within the Sun and solar-type stars.
Doctor Marian Lazar was granted a FWO Junior Visiting Postdoctoral Fellowship (GP.002.08N) and joined the project team from 01.04.2008 to 31.03.2009. In this project, he proposed to investigate the non-resonant plasma instabilities which could play a major role in the acceleration and transport of plasma particles in the solar environment and in the solar wind. These are kinetic plasma instabilities driven by the velocity anisotropy of plasma particles residing in a temperature anisotropy or in a bulk relative motion of a counter-streaming plasma or a beam-plasma system. These instabilities are widely in-voked in various fields of astrophysics and laboratory plasmas. Thus the non-resonant instabilities of Weibel-type can explain the generation of quasi-stationary magnetic fields and the acceleration of plasma particles in different astrophysical sources (e.g., active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, Galactic micro-quasar systems, and Crab-like super-nova remnants) where the non-thermal radiation originates, as well as the origin of the interplanetary magnetic field fluctuations, which are enhanced along the thresholds of plasma instabilities in the solar wind. Furthermore, plasma beams built in accelerators (e.g., in fusion plasma experiments) are subject to a variety of non-resonant instabilities (Weibel, filamentation, firehose), which are presently widely investigated to prevent their development and stabilize plasma system.
Dr. Marian Lazar has developed analytical formalisms and numerical evaluation meth-ods on the basis of the fundamental kinetic theory which is the most appropriate approach to use for describing the dispersion properties of space plasmas, which are low- or non-collisional. In space plasmas, which are magnetized and low-collisional, the electrons and ions can easily develop heat fluxes and temperature anisotropies. Moreover, solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) produce shock waves in the solar corona, and streams and jets of energetic particles, which are permanently observed in the outer corona and solar wind. These velocity anisotropies of plasma charges will quickly relax and produce non-thermal emissions and magnetic field fluctuations in space plasmas.
in-duced either by the resonant (Langmuir or cyclotron) interaction with plasma particles, or by different non-resonant mechanisms like that of the Weibel instability, or that of the firehose instability. According to our objectives, Dr. Marian Lazar has made a very clear distinction between the resonant mechanisms and the non-resonant mechanisms of excitation of these instabilities. For example, in a static magnetic field the non-resonant mechanism of the Weibel instability driven by an excess of perpendicular kinetic energy (with respect to the direction of the magnetic field) is inhibited, and can exist only under special conditions, which are rigorously identified in a series of our research papers. In our project, Dr. M. Lazar has focused on the investigation of the non-resonant instabilities and their applications in space plasmas. The non-resonant instabilities had been only marginally treated before because their effects on plasma particles are less transparent than the effects of the resonant instabilities. In the presence of a magnetic field, Dr. M. Lazar has reduced the analysis to plasma waves and instabilities propagating parallel and perpendicular to the background magnetic field, which allows for a straightforward analytical study of the instability conditions.
3
Scientific publications by J. Vranjeˇ
s
In all the mentioned papers below, the FWO has been acknowledged for partial financial support.
3.1
Publicaties met leescomit´
e in international journals
References
[1] D. Petrovic, J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Analysis of waves in strongly collisional pho-tospheric plasma, Astron. Astrophys. 461, 277 (2007).
[2] J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, and B. P. Pandey, Comment on ‘Heating of the solar corona by dissipative Alfv´en solitons’, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 049501 (2007).
[3] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey, and S. Poedts, Gas acoustic and ion acoustic waves in a partially ionized plasma with magnetized electrons, Phys. Plasmas 14, 032106 (2007). [4] J. Vranjes, H. Saleem, and S. Poedts, Electromagnetic ion acoustic waves in spatially
varying plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 14, 034504 (2007).
[5] A. Ali, H. Saleem, J. Vranjes, and S. Poedts, Stabilizing effects of positron dynamics on the local and global drift modes, Phys. Lett. A 366, 466 (2007).
[6] H. Saleem, J. Vranjes, and S. Poedts, On the shear flow instability and its applications to multi-component plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 14, 072104 (2007).
[7] H. Saleem, J. Vranjes, and S. Poedts, Unstable drift mode driven by shear plasma flow in solar spicules, Astron. Astrophys. 471, 289 (2007).
[8] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, On properties of electrostatic drift and sound modes in fully inhomogeneous plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 14, 112106 (2007).
[9] J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, B. P. Pandey, and B. De Pontieu, Energy flux of Alfv´en waves in weakly ionized plasma, Astron. Astrophys. 478, 553 (2008).
[10] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Note on the role of friction-induced momentum conservation in collisional drift wave instability, Phys. Plasmas 15, 034504 (2008).
[11] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Growing drift-cyclotron mode in hot solar atmosphere, Astron. Astrophys. 482, 653 (2008).
[12] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Global convective cell formation in pair-ion plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 15, 044501 (2008).
[13] B. P. Pandey, J. Vranjes, and V. Krishan, Solitons in the solar atmosphere, Month. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 386, 1635 (2008).
[14] J. Vranjes, D. Petrovic, B. P. Pandey, and S. Poedts, Electrostatic modes in multi-ion and pair-ion collisional plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 15, 072104 (2008).
[15] B. P. Pandey and J. Vranjes, Propagation of solitary waves in collisional dusty plasma, Phys. Plasmas 15, 083701 (2008).
[16] J. Vranjes, M. Kono, S. Poedts, and M. Y. Tanaka, Collisional energy transfer in two-component plasma, Phys. Plasmas 15, 092107 (2008).
[17] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey, M. Y. Tanaka, and S. Poedts, Ion thermal effects in oscil-lating multi-ion plasma sheath theory, Phys. Plasmas 15, 123505 (2008).
[18] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Role of perpendicular electron collisions in drift and acoustic wave instability, Phys. Plasmas 16, 022101 (2009).
[19] Z. Ehsan, N. L. Tsintsadze, J. Vranjes, and S. Poedts, Acceleration of soliton by nonlinear Landau damping of dust helical waves, Phys. Plasmas 16, 053702 (2009). [20] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, A new paradigm for solar coronal heating, EPL 86, 39001
(2009),
- Editor’s choice paper,
- Selected to ‘EPL Best of 2009’ brochure.
[21] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Comment on ”Alfv´en Instability in a Compressible Flow”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 019501 (2009).
[22] J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, and Zahida Ehsan, Kinetic instability of ion acoustic mode in permeating plasmas, Phys. Plasmas 16, 074501 (2009).
[23] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Diamagnetic current does not produce an instability in the solar corona, Astron. Astrophys. 503, 591 (2009).
[24] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Universally growing mode in solar atmosphere: coronal heating by drift wave, MNRAS 398, 918 (2009).
[25] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Solar nanoflares and other smaller energy release events as growing drift waves, Phys. Plasmas 16, 092902 (2009).
[26] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Electric field in solar magnetic structures due to gradient driven instabilities: heating and acceleration of particles, MNRAS 400, 2147 (2009). [27] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Features of ion acoustic wave in collisional plasmas, Phys.
[28] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Nonlinear three wave interaction in pair-plasma, Phys. Rev. E 81, 067401 (2010).
[29] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Kinetic instability of drift-Alfv´en waves in solar corona and stochastic heating, Astrophys. J. 719, 1335 (2010).
[30] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Kinetic instability of the dust acoustic mode in inhomo-geneous partially magnetized plasma with both positively and negatively charged grains, Phys. Rev. E 82, 026411 (2010).
[31] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Drift wave in the corona: heating and acceleration of ions at frequencies far below the gyrofrequency, MNRAS 408, 1835 (2010).
Publicaties met leescomit´e in international journals (submitted)
[32] Z. Ehsan, N. L. Tsintsadze, J. Vranjes, R. Khan, and S. Poedts, Acceleration of dust particles by vortex ring, accepted to J. Plasma Phys. (2010).
3.2
Publicaties met leescomit´
e in conference proceedings
[33] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey, and S. Poedts, Angle dependent acoustic mode in weakly ionized plasmas with magnetized electrons, 34th EPS meeting, Warsaw, Poland, July 2-6, 2007; vol. 31F, P-2.094 (ISB 978-83-926290-0-9).
[34] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Instability of drift-Alfv´en wave in collisional solar atmo-sphere, 34th EPS meeting, Warsaw, Poland, July 2-6, 2007; vol. 31F, P-2.083 (ISB 978-83-926290-0-9).
[35] B.P. Pandey and J. Vranjes, Wave propagation in molecular clouds, 34th EPS meet-ing, Warsaw, Poland, July 2-6, 2007; vol. 31F, P-2.086 (ISB 978-83-926290-0-9). [36] J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, and B.P. Pandey, Problem of Alfven waves in solar photosphere,
28th ICPIG, Prague, July 15-20, 2007, 5P07-08 (ISBN: 978-80-87026-01-4).
[37] J. Vranjes, H. Saleem, and S. Poedts, Drift wave excitation by inhomogeneous plasma flow in solar spicules, 28th ICPIG, Prague, July 15-20, 2007, 5P07-05 (ISBN: 978-80-87026-01-4).
[38] D. Petrovic, J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Electron drift driven mode in the solar atmo-sphere, 28th ICPIG, Prague, July 15-20, 2007, 5P07-15 (ISBN: 978-80-87026-01-4). [39] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey, and S. Poedts, Electrostatic waves in inhomogeneous
pair-ion plasma, ICDPP Azores, Portugal, May 19-23, 2008; AIP Conf. Proc. 1041, pp. 339-340 (2008), DOI:10.1063/1.2997262.
[40] B. P. Pandey and J. Vranjes, Propagation of solitary waves in collisional dusty plasma, ICDPP Azores, Portugal, May 19-23, 2008; AIP Conf. Proc. 1041, pp. 341-342 (2008), DOI:10.1063/1.2997264.
[41] B. P. Pandey and J. Vranjes, Charge fluctuations and Hall effect in collisional dusty plasma, ICDPP Azores, Portugal, May 19-23, 2008; AIP Conf. Proc. 1041, pp. 343-344 (2008), 10.1063/1.2997265.
[42] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Drift and acoustic modes in radially and axially inhomo-geneous plasma, 35th EPS Plasma Phys. Conf., Hersonissos, Crete, June 9-13, 2008; ECA 32D, P-5.040 (2008), ISBN: 2-914771-52-5.
[43] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Coupling of drift and ion cyclotron modes in solar atmo-sphere, 35th EPS Plasma Phys. Conf., Hersonissos, Crete, June 9-13, 2008; ECA 32D, P-4.178 (2008), ISBN: 2-914771-52-5.
[44] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Friction-induced momentum conservation effects on drift wave, 19th ESCAMPIG, Granada, Spain, July 15-19, 2008.
[45] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Global electrostatic modes in pair-ion plasma, 19th ES-CAMPIG, Granada, Spain, July 15-19, 2008.
[46] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey and S. Poedts, Coupled gas acoustic and ion acoustic waves in weakly ionized plasma, 24 Symposium on Physics of Ionized Gases, Aug. 25-29, 2008, Novi Sad, Serbia; Publ. Astron. Obs. Belgrade 84, pp. 507-510 (2008); ISBN 0373-3742.
[47] J. Vranjes, H. Saleem and S. Poedts, Magnetic field generation at ion acoustic time scale, 24 Symposium on Physics of Ionized Gases, Aug. 25-29, 2008, Novi Sad, Serbia; Publ. Astron. Obs. Belgrade 84, pp. 503-506 (2008); ISBN 0373-3742.
[48] J. Vranjes, B. P. Pandey, S. Poedts, B. de Pontieu, Flux of Alfven Waves in the Solar Photosphere, 12th European Solar Physics Meeting, Freiburg, Germany, 8-12 September 2008.
[49] J. Vranjes, H. Saleem and S. Poedts, Drift Mode Driven by Shear Plasma Flow in Solar Atmosphere, 12th European Solar Physics Meeting, Freiburg, Germany, 8-12 September 2008.
[50] M. Y. Tanaka, K. Ogivara, S. Etoh, S. Yoshimura, M. Aramaki, and J. Vranjes, Singular vortex formations in a magnetized plasma, International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Gaseous and Liquid Plasmas, Sendai, Japan, September 5-6, 2008. [51] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Global modes in spatially limited plasmas, AIP Conference
Proceedings 1061, 168-177 (2008); ISBN 978-0-7354-0591-2.
[52] M. Y. Tanaka, M. Aramaki, K. Ogiwara, S. Etoh, S. Yoshimura, and J. Vranjes, Vor-tex formation in a plasma interacting with neutral flow, AIP Conference Proceedings 1061, 57-65 (2008); ISBN 978-0-7354-0591-2.
[53] J. Vranjes, M. Kono, S. Poedts, and M. Y. Tanaka, Ion acoustic instability due to collisional energy transfer, J. Plasma Fusion Res. Series 8, 819 (2009).
[54] J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, M. Kono, and M. Y. Tanaka, J. Physics: Conf. Ser. 162, 012017 (2009) [2nd Int. Workshop on Non-equilibrium Processes in Plasmas and Environmental Science, N. Sad, Serbia, 2008]
[55] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Electron collisions in dissipative drift wave instability, 29th ICPIG, July 12-17, Cancun, Mexico 2009, p. 149; ISBN-978-1-61567-694-1.
[56] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Sheath theory in hot two-ion electron plasma, 29th ICPIG, July 12-17, Cancun, Mexico 2009, p. 153; ISBN-978-1-61567-694-1.
[57] Z. Ehsan, N. L. Tsintsadze, J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Nonlinear Landau damping of circularly polarized EMW propagating in dusty plasmas, 29th ICPIG, July 12-17, Cancun, Mexico 2009, p. 360; ISBN-978-1-61567-694-1.
[58] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Damping of acoustic oscillations in solar coronal loops, JENAM, London, UK 2009, B6-P34, p. 154.
[59] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Coronal heating by drift waves, JENAM, London, UK 2009, B6-P33, p. 154.
[60] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, A New Approach to the Coronal Heating Problem, AIP Conf. Proc. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NONLINEAR PLASMA PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 2009 ICTP Summer College on Plasma Physics and Inter-national Symposium on Cutting Edge Plasma Physics, vol. 1188, pp. 153-167. Doi:10.1063/1.3266793; ISBN: 978-0-7354-0754-1.
[61] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Ion acoustic wave in collisional and inhomogeneous plasmas, EPS 37th Conf. Plasma Phys., Dublin, June 21-25 (2010).
[62] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Three wave interaction in pair plasmas, EPS 37th Conf. Plasma Phys., Dublin, June 21-25 (2010).
[63] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Ion acoustic mode in permeating plasmas, ICPP2010, Chile, August 9-13 (2010).
[64] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Kinetic dust acoustic mode in inhomogeneous partially magnetized plasma, ICPP2010, Chile, August 9-13 (2010).
[65] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Features of coronal heating by drift waves, ICPP2010, Chile, August 9-13 (2010).
[66] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, Electromagnetic drift waves and coronal heating, JENAM, Lisbon, Portugal, September 6-10 (2010).
[67] J. Vranjes and S. Poedts, The Problem of Coronal Heating, AIP Conference Pro-ceedings of the 2010 ICTP Summer College on Plasma Physics ‘New Frontiers in Advanced Plasma Physics’, Trieste, Italy, 5-16 July 2010; ISBN 978-0-7354-0862-3; pp. 201-215.
4
Scientific publications and presentations by Grigol
Gogoberidze, Marian Lazar and Stefaan Poedts
Below we list the scientific publications that resulted from the contributions of Dr. G. Gogoberidze, Dr. M. Lazar and Prof. S. Poedts and his PhD students and other postdoctoral researchers to the present project. In all the mentioned papers below, the FWO has been acknowledged for partial financial support.
4.1
Publicaties met leescomit´
e in international journals
68. E. Romashets, M. Vandas, S. Poedts: “Modeling of the three-dimensional motion of toroidal magnetic clouds in the inner heliosphere”, Astron. Astrophys. 466 (1), 357–365 (2007). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20066221
69. G. Gogoberidze, A. Rogava, S. Poedts: “Quantifying shear-induced wave transfor-mations in the solar wind”, Astrophys. J. 664 (1), 549–555 (2007), DOI: 10.1086/ 516625.
70. A. Rogava, G. Gogoberidze, S. Poedts: “Over-Reflection and Generation of Gravito-Alfv´en Waves in Solar-Type Stars”, Astrophys. J. 664, 1221–1227 (2007), DOI: 10.1086/518824.
71. C. Jacobs, B. van der Holst, S. Poedts: “Comparison between 2.5D and 3D simula-tions of coronal mass ejecsimula-tions”, Astron. Astrophys. 470 (1), 359-365 (2007). Doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20077305
72. B. Shergelashvili, Ch. Maes, S. Poedts, T. Zaqarashvili: “Amplification of compres-sional magnetohydrodynamic waves in systems with forced entropy oscillations”, Phys. Rev. E 76, 046404 (2007). doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.76.046404.
73. E. Romashets, M. Vandas, S. Poedts: “Modeling of the magnetic field in the magne-tosheath region”, J. Geophys. Res. 113, A02203 (2008), doi:10.1029/2006JA012072. 74. E. Romashets, S. Poedts: “Plasma flows around magnetic obstacles in solar wind”,
Astron. Astrophys. 475 (3), 1093–1100 (2007).
75. B. van der Holst, C. Jacobs, S. Poedts: “Simulation of a breakout coronal mass ejection in the solar wind”, Astrophys. J. Letters 671, L77-L80 (2007).
76. D. Kuridze, T. Zaqarashvili, B. Shergelashvili, and S. Poedts: “Acoustic oscillations in a field-free cavity under solar small-scale bipolar magnetic canopy”, Annales Geophysicae 26 (10), 2983-2989 (2008).
77. E. Romashets, M. Vandas, S. Poedts: “Magnetic field disturbances in the sheath region of a super-sonic interplanetary magnetic cloud”, Annales Geophysicae 26 (10), 3153-3158 (2008).
78. M. Lazar, R. Schlickeiser, S. Poedts, and R.C. Tautz: “Counterstreaming magne-tized plasmas with kappa distributions. I. Parallel wave propagation”, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 390 (1), 168-174 (2008). DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13638.x 79. S. Poedts, C. Jacobs, B. Van der Holst, E. Chan´e, R. Keppens: “Numerical
simu-lations of the solar corona and Coronal Mass Ejections”, Earth Planets and Space (EPS), 61, 599602 (2009).
80. F.P. Zuccarello, A. Soenen, S. Poedts, F. Zuccarello, C. Jacobs: “Initiation of coro-nal mass ejections by magnetic flux emergence in the framework of the breakout model”, Astrophys. J. Letters 689 (2), L157-L160 (2008). DOI: 10.1086/595821 81. E. Chan´e, S. Poedts, B. Van der Holst: “On the combination of ACE data with
numerical simulations to determine the initial characteristics of a CME”, Astron. Astrophys. 492, L29-L32 (2008) . DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:200811022
82. M. Lazar, R. Schlickeiser, R. Wielebinski, S. Poedts: “Cosmological effects of Weibel-type instabilities”, Astrophys. J. 693, 11331141 (2009).
83. M. Lazar and S. Poedts: “Firehose instability in space plasmas with bi-kappa dis-tributions”, Astron. Astrophys. 494, 311-315 (2009).
84. M. Lazar, R. Schlickeiser, and S. Poedts: “On the existence of Weibel instability in a magnetized plasma. I. Parallel wave propagation”, Phys. Plasmas 16, 012106 (2009).
85. C. Jacobs, N. Lugaz, I. Roussev, S. Poedts: “On the Internal Structure of Coronal Mass Ejections: Are All the Regular Magnetic Clouds Flux Ropes?”, Astrophys. J. Letters 695, L171-L175 (2009).
86. A. Soenen, C. Jacobs, S. Poedts, R. Keppens, and B. van der Holst: “Numeri-cal simulations of homologous coronal mass ejections in the solar wind”, Astron. Astrophys. 501 (3), 1123-1130 (2009). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200911877
87. M. Lazar and S. Poedts: “Limits for the firehose instability in space plasmas”, Solar Phys. 258 (1), 119-128 (2009).
88. G. Gogoberidze, S.M. Mahajan and S. Poedts: “Weak and strong regimes of in-compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence”, Phys. Plasmas 16 (7), Art. Nr.: 072304 (2009).
89. A. Soenen, A. Bemporad, C. Jacobs, and S. Poedts: “The role of lateral magnetic reconnection in solar eruptive events”, Annales Geophysicae 27 (10), 3941-3948 (2009).
90. D. Kuridze, T.V. Zaqarashvili, B.M. Shergelashvili, S. Poedts: “Acoustic oscilla-tions in the field-free, gravitationally stratified cavities under solar bipolar mag-netic canopies”, Astron. Astrophys. 505, 763-770 (2009). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200811484
91. F.P. Zuccarello, C. Jacobs, A. Soenen, S. Poedts, B. van der Holst, and F. Zuc-carello: “On modelling the initiation of Coronal Mass Ejections: magnetic flux emergence versus shearing motions”, Astron. Astrophys. 507, 441-452 (2009). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200912541
92. G. Gogoberidze, Y. Voitenko, S. Poedts, and M. Goossens: “Farley-Buneman In-stability in the Solar Chromosphere”, Astrophys. J. Letters 706, L12-L16 (2009). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L12
93. G. Dalakishvili, S. Poedts, H. Fichtner, and E. Romashets: “Characteristics of magnetised plasma flow around stationary and expanding magnetic clouds”, Astron. Astrophys. 507, 611-616 (2009). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200912432
94. M. Lazar, M.E. Dieckmann, S. Poedts: “Resonant Weibel instability in coun-terstreaming plasmas with temperature anisotropies”, J. Plasma Physics 76 (1), 25-28 (2010), published online by Cambridge University Press on 19 May 2009. doi:10.1017/S0022377809008101
95. M. Lazar, R.C. Tautz, R. Schlickeiser, and S. Poedts: “Counterstreaming magne-tized plasmas with kappa distributions. II. Perpendicular wave propagation”, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 401, 362370 (2010). doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15647.x 96. E. Romashets, M. Vandas, S. Poedts: “Modeling of local magnetic field
enhance-ments within solar flux ropes”, Solar Phys. 261 (2), 271280 (2010). DOI 10.1007/ s11207-009-9494-7
97. D. Shapakidze, A. Debosscher, A. Rogava, and S. Poedts: “Consistent Self-similar MHD Evolution of Coronal Transients”, Astrophys. J. 712, 565-573 (2010). doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/ 712/1/565
98. A. Rogava, Z. Osmanov, and S. Poedts: “Self-heating as a possible cause of the chromospheric heating in solar-type stars”, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 404, 224-231 (2010). doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16159.x
99. A. Bemporad, A. Soenen, C. Jacobs, F. Landini, and S. Poedts: “Side Magnetic Reconnections Induced by Coronal Mass Ejections: Observations and Simulations”, Astrophys. J. 718 (1), 251-265 (2010). doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/718/1/251
100. M. Lazar, R. Schlickeiser, and S. Poedts: “Is the Weibel instability enhanced by the suprathermal populations, or not?”, Phys. Plasmas 17 (6), 062112 (2010). doi:10.1063/1.3446827. Published online 28 June 2010: URL: http://link.aip.org/ link/?PHP/17/062112.
101. M. Lazar, S. Poedts, and R. Schlickeiser: “Instability of the parallel electromagnetic modes in Kappa distributed plasmas. I. Electron whistler-cyclotron modes”, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 410 (1), 663-670 (2011). DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010. 17472.x
102. G. Dalakishvili, A. Rogava, G. Lapenta, S. Poedts: “Investigation of Dynamics of Self-Similarly Evolving Magnetic Clouds”, Astron. Astrophys. 526, A22 (2011). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201014831
Publicaties met leescomit´e in international journals (in press)
103. C. Jacobs, S. Poedts: “Models for coronal mass ejections”, J. of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Phys. , in press (2010). doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2010.12.002
4.2
Publicaties met leescomit´
e in conference proceedings
104. C. Jacobs, S. Poedts, B. van der Holst, E. Chan´e, G. Dubey, R. Keppens: “Numeri-cal simulations of the initiation and the IP evolution of coronal mass ejections”, in-vited talk at the “FLOWS, BOUNDARIES, INTERACTIONS: Flows, Boundaries, and Interaction Workshop”, 3-5 May 2007, Sinaia (Romania), AIP Conference Pro-ceedings ‘FLOWS, BOUDARIES, INTERACTIONS’, Ed. by Cristiana Dumitrache, Vasile Mioc, Nedelia A. Popescu), 934, 101-110 (2007). ISBN: 978-0-7354-0445-8. 105. C. Jacobs, B. van der Holst, S. Poedts: “Modelling CME initiation and
interplane-tary evolution: recent progress”, in ‘Developing the scientific basis for monitoring, modelling and predicting Space Weather’, COST Action 724 Scientific Final Report, EUR 23348, ISBN 978-92-898-0044-0, J. Lilenstein, A. Belahaki, M. Messerotti, R. Vainio, J. Watermann, S. Poedts (Eds.), COST Office, 211-216 (2008).
106. S. Poedts, A. Soenen, F.P. Zuccarello, C. Jacobs, B. van der Holst: “Magnetic flux emergence and shearing motions as CME trigger mechanisms”, Proc. of ‘Exploring the Solar System and the Universe’, 8-12 April 2008, Bucharest, Romania, AIP Conference Proceedings 1043, V. Mioc, C. Dumitrache, N.A. Popescu (Eds.), 291-297 (2008). ISBN 978-0-7354-0571-4. ISSN 0094-243X.
107. S. Poedts, A. Soenen, F.P. Zuccarello, C. Jacobs, and B. van der Holst: “Mag-netic flux emergence and shearing motions as trigger mechanisms for coronal mass ejections”, Proc. of the School and Workshop on Space Plasma Physics, Villa List Hotel, 8130 Sozopol, Bulgaria, August 31-September 7, 2008, AIP Proceedings, As-tronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 1121, Zhelyazkov, Ivan (Ed.), pp. 99-105, 2009. ISBN: 978-0-7354-0656-8.
5
Scientific presentations about the results of this
project
5.1
Scientific presentations by J. Vranjeˇ
s
During this project, J. Vranjeˇs gave several scientific presentations, i.e. both oral contri-butions and invited talks/lectures. These are listed below.
1. J. Vranjes, S. Poedts, B. P. Pandey, and M. Y. Tanaka, Current driven acoustic perturbations in partially ionized collisional plasmas, Summer College on Plasma Physics, AS-ICTP, Trieste, 30. 7 - 24. 8 (2007).
2. J. Vranjes, Properties of drift and Alfv´en waves in collisional plasmas, Summer College on Plasma Physics, AS-ICTP, Trieste, 30. 7 - 24. 8 (2007).
3. J. Vranjes, Global electrostatic modes in bounded plasmas, 33rd Nathiagali Summer College, Pakistan, June 2008.
4. J. Vranjes, Elements of the collisional ion acoustic wave theory, 33rd Nathiagali Summer College, Pakistan, June 2008.
5. J. Vranjes, Instabilities in collisional inhomogeneous multi-ion/pair-ion plasma, 33rd Nathiagali Summer College, Pakistan, June 2008.
6. J. Vranjes, Global modes in spatially limited plasmas, International Workshop on the Frontiers of Modern Plasma Physics, AS-ICTP, Trieste, July 14-25, 2008. 7. J. Vranjes, How to correctly deal with friction in multicomponent plasmas?, 2nd
Workshop on Non-equilibrium processes in Plasmas and Studies of Environment, Beograd - Novi Sad, Serbia, August 2008.
8. J. Vranjes, Collisional instability in inhomogeneous pair-ion plasma, International Interdisciplinary Symposium on Gaseous and Liquid Plasmas, Sendai, Japan, Septem-ber 5-6, 2008
9. J. Vranjes, Ion acoustic instability due to collisional energy transfer, 14th Interna-tional Congress on Plasma Physics, Fukuoka, Japan, September 8-12, 2008.
10. J. Vranjes, A new approach to the problem of the coronal heating, Summer College on Plasma Physics, AS-ICTP, Trieste, August 10-28, 2009.
11. J. Vranjes, Coronal heating and nanoflares as gradient driven instabilities, 3rd So-laire Network Meeting, Tenerife, Spain, November 2-6, 2009.
12. J. Vranjes, Gradient-driven instabilities and coronal heating, Soteria 1st General Meeting, Davos, Switzerland, January 18-20, 2010.
13. J. Vranjes, The problem of coronal heating, International Advanced Workshop on the Frontiers of Plasma Physics, AS-ICTP, Trieste, July 5-16, 2010.
5.2
Scientific presentations by G. Gogoberidze, M. Lazar and
S. Poedts
1. M. Lazar: “On the origin of turbulent fields in interplanetary plasmas”, Exploring the Solar System and the Universe, Bucharest, Romania, 2008.
2. M. Lazar: “Radiative relaxation of space plasma anisotropies”, 12-th European Solar Physics Meeting, Freiburg, Germany, 2008.
3. M. Lazar: “Fire-hose constraint on kappa anisotropy in the solar wind”, UK Solar Physics Meeting at JENAM 2009, University of Hertfordshire, UK
4. M. Lazar: “Nonresonant electromagnetic instabilities in space plasmas”, Solar Wind 12, Saint-Malo, France, 2009
5. S. Poedts: “Numerieke simulaties van plasma-dynamica: enkele voorbeelden”, talk during visit of a group science students at the CPA, Leuven, March 6, 2007. 6. S. Poedts: “Numerical simulations of the solar corona and Coronal Mass Ejections”,
invited talk at the CAWSES Space Weather Workshop, Fairbanks, Alaska (USA), March 19, 2007.
7. S. Poedts: “Numerical simulations of the initiation and the IP evolution of coronal mass ejections”, invited talk at the International Workshop on “Flows, Boundaries, Interactions (EFYRA2)”, Romania, Sinaia, 4 May 2007.
8. S. Poedts: “Numerical simulations of the initiation and the IP evolution of solar coronal mass ejections”, invited talk on CCP2007: Conference on Computational Physics, Brussels, Belgium, 6 September 2007.
9. S. Poedts: “Recent time dependent 3D CME simulations”, review talk at the ISSI Workshop, Bern, Switserland, September 11, 2007.
10. S. Poedts:“Numerical simulations of the initiation and the IP evolution of coronal mass ejections”, 7 January 2008, K¨oln, Germany.
11. S. Poedts: “Initiation and IP evolution of coronal mass ejections: recent results”, review talk at the ISSI Workshop on the ‘Role of Current Sheets in Solar Eruptive Events’, Bern, Switserland, March 5, 2008.
12. S. Poedts: “Numerical simulations of the initiation and the IP evolution of coronal mass ejections”, April 11 2008, invited talk at ”Exploring The Solar System And The Universe”, Bucharest, Romania, 8-12 April 2008.
13. S. Poedts: “Solar MHD waves and shocks”, July 9, 2008, invited lecture at the ”First SPD/SPS summer school on solar physics”, Advanced Technology Research Center of the Institute for Astronomy, Haleakala, Maui, July 7-11, 2008.
14. S. Poedts: “MHD models and numerical simulations of CMEs onset, evolution and impact on magnetospheres”, September 2, 2008, invited lecture at the ”School and Workshop on Space Plasma Physics”, Villa List Hotel, 8130 Sozopol, Bulgaria, August 31September 7, 2008.
15. S. Poedts: “On the Flux of Alfv´en Waves in the Solar Photosphere”, invited talk of J. Vranjeˇs (given by me as co-author while he was not able to attend) the ”12th European Solar Physics Meeting (ESPM-12)”, Freiburg, Germany, 8-12 September 2008.
16. S. Poedts: “Space weather: effects and causes”, 07/10/2009, invited seminar at the SCK-CEN, Mol, Belgium.
17. S. Poedts: “Solar wind: MHD modeling”, 20/11/2009, invited lecture at the 6th European Space Weather Week, Bruges, Belgium.
18. S. Poedts: “Applications of Reconnection: CMEs and the Solar Wind”, lecture on SOLAIRE winter school in St. Andrews, 15/01/2010.
19. S. Poedts: “Fluid dynamics”, talk during visit of a group science students at the CPA, Leuven, March 16, 2010.
20. S. Poedts: “Ruimteweer!”, 23/03/2010, seminar for the ’Universiteit Derde Leeftijd Leuven vzw (UDLL)’, Leuven, Belgium.
21. S. Poedts: “A new paradigm for coronal heating”, invited talk on AGU 2010 Joint Assembly Meeting, Session: SH08, Solving the coronal heating riddle: recent devel-opments and future directions, 8-12 August, 2010, Foz do Iguassu, Brazil.
22. S. Poedts: “A new paradigm for solar coronal heating”, Applied Maths Seminar, Univ. of St. Andrews, 5 November, 2010, St. Andrews, UK.
23. S. Poedts: “The solar coronal heating problem: a new paradigm!”, invited talk on the workshop ’Kinetic processes in plasmas: instabilities, turbulence and transport’, Bochum, Germany, November 10, 2010.
24. S. Poedts: “Simulating CME onset and evolution”, colloquium at Warwick Univer-sity, 24 November, 2010, Warwick, UK.
25. S. Poedts: “Supercomputing for space weather in the ExaScience Lab”, invited Visionary Seminar Leuven Inc., 7 December, 2010, Leuven, Belgium.
