• No results found

Berekening van effecten van milieu op natuur ten behoeve van de 5e Nationale Milieuverkenning

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "Berekening van effecten van milieu op natuur ten behoeve van de 5e Nationale Milieuverkenning"

Copied!
146
0
0

Bezig met laden.... (Bekijk nu de volledige tekst)

Hele tekst

(1)UHVHDUFKIRU PDQDQGHQYLURQPHQW. 5,-.6,167,7887922592/.6*(=21'+(,'(10,/,(8 1$7,21$/,167,787(2)38%/,&+($/7+$1'7+((19,5210(17. 5,90UDSSRUW %HUHNHQLQJYDQHIIHFWHQYDQPLOLHXRSQDWXXU WHQEHKRHYHYDQGHH1DWLRQDOH 0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ 09RQN'&-YDQGHU+RHN'YDQGH0HHQW )*:RUWHOERHU-50$ONHPDGH MXQL. 'LWRQGHU]RHNZHUGYHUULFKWLQRSGUDFKWHQWHQODVWHYDQKHWPLQLVWHULHYDQ9520 'LUHFWRUDDW*HQHUDDO0LOLHXEHKHHUGLUHFWLH6WUDWHJLHHQ%HVWXXULQKHWNDGHUYDQSURMHFW 0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ. 5,903RVWEXV%$%LOWKRYHQWHOHIRRQID[.

(2) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. $EVWUDFW &DOFXODWLRQRIWKHHIIHFWVRIWKHHQYLURQPHQWDOTXDOLW\RQQDWXUHIRUDSSOLFDWLRQWRWKH )LIWK1DWLRQDO(QYLURQPHQWDO2XWORRN 2QHRIWKHVHFWLRQVLQWKHILIWK1DWLRQDO(QYLURQPHQWDO2XWORRNGHDOVZLWKWKHLQIOXHQFHRI HQYLURQPHQWDOTXDOLW\RQWKHHFRORJLFDOTXDOLW\RIQDWXUHLQWKH1HWKHUODQGV7KLVUHSRUW GRFXPHQWVWKHPHWKRGVDQGFDOFXODWLRQVXVHGDQGFKRLFHVDQGDVVXPSWLRQVPDGHLQH[SORULQJ WKLVLQIOXHQFHRQQDWXUH 4XDQWLI\LQJWKHLQIOXHQFHZDVGRQHE\PHDQVRIDQµHQYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVV¶LQGLFDWRU (QYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVVLVGHILQHGDVWKHGHFUHDVHLQSRVVLEOHRFFXUUHQFHRIVSHFLHVGXHWR HQYLURQPHQWDOIDFWRUVFRPSDUHGWRDUHIHUHQFHVLWXDWLRQ 

(3) %HVLGHVWKHTXDQWLILFDWLRQ WKHUHODWLYHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKHHQYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVVWRWKHGHWHULRUDWLRQRIHFRV\VWHPVZDV FDOFXODWHGWRLQGLFDWHWKHPRVWHIIHFWLYHPHDVXUHVWRLPSURYHQDWXUHTXDOLW\)RUVHYHUDO JURXSVRIVSHFLHVDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOSUHVVXUHVWKHHQYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVVZDVFDOFXODWHGZLWK PXOWLVWUHVV

(4) PRGHOV,QFDVHVZKHUHPRGHOVZHUHQRWDYDLODEOH IRUVRPHRIWKHVSHFLHV JURXSVDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOSUHVVXUHV

(5) H[SHUWMXGJHPHQWZDVXVHGWRGHWHUPLQHWKH HQYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVV$SSO\LQJPHWKRGVDQGWKHLQGLFDWRULQWKHILIWK1DWLRQDO(QYLURQPHQWDO 2XWORRNSURYLGHGLQVLJKWLQWRWKHLQIOXHQFHRIHQYLURQPHQWDOTXDOLW\RQQDWXUHERWKIRUWKH SUHVHQWDQGIXWXUHRQWKHEDVLVRIVFHQDULRV ,QFRQFOXVLRQWKHLQIOXHQFHRIHQYLURQPHQWDOSUHVVXUHVOLNHFOLPDWHFKDQJHDQG QRLVH

(6) SROOXWLRQRQQDWXUHUHPDLQVXQFOHDUIXUWKHUPRUHWKHVRPHWLPHVKLJKOHYHORIXQFHUWDLQW\LQ WKHFDOFXODWLRQVPDNHVLWQHFHVVDU\WRWDNHLWVSUHVHQFHLQWRDFFRXQW.

(7) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 9RRUZRRUG &RQIRUPGH:HW0LOLHXEHKHHUVWHOWKHW5,90HONHYLHUMDDUHHQPLOLHXYHUNHQQLQJRSWHU YRRUEHUHLGLQJRSHHQQDWLRQDDOPLOLHXEHOHLGVSODQ'H9LMIGH0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ 09

(8) LVLQ VHSWHPEHUXLWJHNRPHQHQGLHQWDOVYRRUEHUHLGLQJRSKHW9LHUGH1DWLRQDDO 0LOLHXEHOHLGVSODQ 103

(9) GDWEHJLQ]DOYHUVFKLMQHQ'H09UDSSRUWHHUWRYHUGH YHUZDFKWHJHYROJHQYDQPDDWVFKDSSHOLMNHRQWZLNNHOLQJHQYRRUKHWPLOLHXPHWHIIHFWHQRS PHQVHQQDWXXULQ1HGHUODQGWHJHQGHDFKWHUJURQGYDQGHRQWZLNNHOLQJHQLQ(XURSDHQRS ZHUHOGVFKDDOLQGHSHULRGH9RRU1HGHUODQGJHEHXUWGLWRQGHUDDQQDPHYDQ µYDVWJHVWHOGEHOHLG¶'LWEHOHLGRPYDWDOOHPDDWUHJHOHQGLHGRRUGH7ZHHGH.DPHU]LMQ YDVWJHVWHOGYyyUMDQXDULRIZDDUYRRUGHILQDQFLHULQJJHUHJHOGLV9RRUWVLV JHDQDO\VHHUGZDWGHELMGUDJH]RXNXQQHQ]LMQYDQHQNHOHUHHGVLQGHSROLWLHNRIKHWEHOHLGLQ EHVSUHNLQJ]LMQGHPDDWUHJHOHQ'H09ELHGWKLHUPHHEDVLVVFHQDULR¶VGLHYHUJHOHNHQNXQQHQ ZRUGHQPHWVWUHHIEHHOGHQGRHOHQWDDNVWHOOLQJHQYDQKHW1HGHUODQGVHEHOHLG 9RRUGHPRQGLDOHVFKDDOJHEUXLNWGH09HQNHOHLQWHUQDWLRQDDOHUNHQGHVFHQDULR¶VYDQKHW ,QWHUJRYHUQPHQWDO3DQHORQ&OLPDWH&KDQJH ,3&&

(10) PHWQDPHEHUHNHQLQJVUHVXOWDWHQGLHKHW 5,90KLHUDDQKHHIWELMJHGUDJHQ9RRUGH(XURSHVHVFKDDO]LMQ]RZHOGH,3&&VFHQDULR VDOV KHW(8EDVHOLQHVFHQDULRJHEUXLNW9RRU1HGHUODQGLVJHEUXLNJHPDDNWYDQGHYROJHQGH VFHQDULR¶VYDQKHW&HQWUDDO3ODQ%XUHDX &3%

(11) *OREDO&RPSHWLWLRQ *&

(12) HQ(XURSHDQ &RRUGLQDWLRQ (&

(13) +HW5,90KHHIWGH]HGRRUJHWURNNHQYDQQDDU 'H09LVJHEDVHHUGRSHHQYHHOKHLGDDQLQIRUPDWLHGLHQLHWDOOHPDDOLQGHYHUNHQQLQJ]HOI NRQZRUGHQRSJHQRPHQ+HWEHWUHIWPHWQDPHRQGHUERXZLQJHQYDQDQDO\VHVPDDURRNH[WUD LQIRUPDWLHWHQRS]LFKWHYDQGH092PGDWGH]HLQIRUPDWLHYRRUEHSDDOGHJURHSHQOH]HUV UHOHYDQWLVZRUGW]LMJHSXEOLFHHUGLQHHQVHULHDFKWHUJURQGUDSSRUWHQYRRU]RYHU]LMQLHWHOGHUV ZRUGWJHSXEOLFHHUG 'LWUDSSRUWLVKHWDFKWHUJURQGUDSSRUWELMKHWGHHOYDQGH09EHWUHIIHQGHGHHIIHFWHQYDQ PLOLHXRSQDWXXULQ1HGHUODQGSDUDJUDDIPHWDOVWLWHOµ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶.

(14) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. 6DPHQYDWWLQJ 'LWUDSSRUWLVHHQYHUDQWZRRUGLQJDFKWHUDIYDQGHZHUNZLM]HQEHUHNHQLQJHQNHX]HQHQ DDQQDPHQELMGHSDUDJUDDIRYHUµ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶LQGHYLMIGH1DWLRQDOH 0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ 09

(15) 'H]H09SDUDJUDDIEHKDQGHOWGHLQYORHGYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW RSGHHFRORJLVFKHNZDOLWHLWYDQGHOHYHQGHQDWXXULQ1HGHUODQG 2PGH]HLQYORHGDDQWHJHYHQLVGHLQGLFDWRUµPLOLHXVWUHVV¶JHwQWURGXFHHUG0LOLHXVWUHVV ZRUGWJHEUXLNWRPXLWWHGUXNNHQKRHVRRUWHQUHDJHUHQRSYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGH PLOLHXNZDOLWHLW0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWEHUHNHQGXLWGHDIQDPHLQSRWHQWLHHOYRRUNRPHQYDQ VRRUWHQWRYHHQUHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLH 

(16) DOVJHYROJYDQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW 2RN]LMQGHDDQGHOHQYDQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLQGHWRWDOHPLOLHXVWUHVV DDQJHJHYHQ 9RRUHHQDDQWDOVRRUWJURHSHQHQPLOLHXWKHPD¶VLVGHRPYDQJYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYDVWJHVWHOG RSEDVLVYDQNZDQWLWDWLHYHPRGHOEHUHNHQLQJHQ9RRUDQGHUHVRRUWJURHSHQHQPLOLHXWKHPD¶V ZDDUJHHQPRGHOOHQYRRUEHVFKLNEDDUZDUHQ]LMQVHPLNZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQGRRU GHVNXQGLJHQJHPDDNW'H]HWZHHVFKDWWLQJVZLM]HQZRUGHQDDQYXOOHQGHQQDDVWHONDDU JHEUXLNW 'HLQGH09JHSUHVHQWHHUGHPHWKRGHYRRUKHWEHSDOHQYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVJHHIWGHKXLGLJH VWDQGYDQNHQQLVZHHU0HWGHJHYROJGHZHUNZLM]HHQLQGLFDWRULVKHWPRJHOLMNJHEOHNHQDDQ WHJHYHQZDWGHLQYORHGLVYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSGHQDWXXUYRRUGHKXLGLJHVLWXDWLHHQ  YROJHQVVFHQDULR¶V

(17) 'HLQYORHGHQYDQHQNHOHPLOLHXWKHPD¶V]RDOVNOLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJ EOLMYHQHFKWHURQGXLGHOLMNHQGHRQ]HNHUKHGHQ]LMQVRPVJURRW.

(18) 5,90UDSSRUW. ,QKRXG . ,QOHLGLQJ. . 7RHOLFKWLQJRS0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJHQ . 0LOLHXVWUHVV. . 'HLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSSODQWHQHQGLHUVRRUWHQ. . 1DWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQG.  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQHQGLHUHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQ  0LOLHXNZDOLWHLW  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSSODQWHQ  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSGLHUHQ  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSQDWXXULQJUDVODQGHQEXLWHQGHQDWXXUJHELHGHQ  0LOLHXNZDOLWHLW  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSSODQWHQ  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSGLHUHQ  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSDTXDWLVFKHSODQWHQHQGLHUHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQ  5HJLRQDOHZDWHUHQ  5LMNVZDWHUHQ  . . ,QYORHGYDQNOLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJRSGHQDWXXU. 'LVFXVVLH . 0RGHOEHUHNHQLQJHQHQVHPLNZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQH[SHUWV. . 'RHOEHUHLNW". $DQEHYHOLQJHQ. /LWHUDWXXU. %LMODJH'HSRVLWLHJHJHYHQV1+[12\HQ62[ %LMODJH5XLPWHOLMNHYDULDWLHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW %LMODJH6RRUWHQOLMVWWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQ %LMODJH,QYRHUNDDUWHQEHUHNHQLQJHQWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXUJHELHGHQ %LMODJH6RRUWHQOLMVWGDJYOLQGHUV %LMODJH,QYRHUNDDUWHQEHUHNHQLQJHQDJUDULVFKHJHELHGHQ %LMODJH:DWHUSODQWHQLQUHJLRQDOHZDWHUHQ %LMODJH7HNVWELM]RXWHULMNVZDWHUHQ %LMODJH)DFWVKHHWVYDQGHEHUHNHQLQJHQ %LMODJH5HVXOWDWHQVHPLNZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQ %LMODJH9HU]HQGOLMVW. SDJYDQ.

(19) SDJYDQ. . 5,90UDSSRUW. ,QOHLGLQJ. :DWWHYHUZDFKWHQLQGLWUDSSRUW" 'LWUDSSRUWLVHHQYHUDQWZRRUGLQJDFKWHUDIYDQGHZHUNZLM]HQEHUHNHQLQJHQNHX]HQHQ DDQQDPHQELMGHSDUDJUDDIRYHUµ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶LQGHYLMIGH1DWLRQDOH 0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ 09

(20)  5,90E

(21) 2PGHRPYDQJYDQGH09EHSHUNWWHKRXGHQHQ GHEHOHLGVZDDUGHJURRWZRUGWGH09OH]HUYRRUGHWDLOHQDFKWHUJURQGLQIRUPDWLHYHHOYXOGLJ YHUZH]HQQDDUDFKWHUJURQGGRFXPHQWHQ'LWUDSSRUWLVKHWDFKWHUJURQGGRFXPHQWELMGH SDUDJUDDIGDWLQGH09JHFLWHHUGZRUGWDOVµ9RQNHWDO¶ +RRIGVWXNLVHHQLQOHLGHQGKRRIGVWXN+LHULQZRUGWGHYUDDJEHKDQGHOGGLHLQGHSDUDJUDDI µ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶FHQWUDDOVWRQGHQZRUGWYHUDQWZRRUGZHONHDDQSDNLVJHYROJGELM EHDQWZRRUGLQJHUYDQ0HWQDPHZRUGWKHWEHJULSµPLOLHXVWUHVV¶LQGH09YRRUKHWHHUVW JHEUXLNWJHw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

(22) GDWEHJLQZRUGWXLWJHEUDFKWGRRUGHPLQLVWHULHV 9520 (=/199 :

(23) 'H09]RHNWDQWZRRUGRSGHYUDDJLQKRHYHUUHPHWKHWEHVWDDQGH PLOLHXEHOHLGGHDPELWLHVYDQKHW103NXQQHQZRUGHQJHUHDOLVHHUG'H09SDUDJUDDI µ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶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œ $UHDDO9HUZHUYLQJYDQJURQGHQYRRUYHVWLJLQJYDQµQDWXXU¶LVHHQEHODQJULMN DDQGDFKWVSXQWYDQKHWQDWXXUEHOHLGPDDUZRUGWLQGHPLOLHXYHUNHQQLQJEXLWHQ EHVFKRXZLQJJHODWHQRPGDWGLWJHHQRQGHUGHHOYRUPWYDQKHWµEHVWDDQGHPLOLHXEHOHLG¶ œ 1LHWPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ'HNZDOLWHLWYDQGHQDWXXUZRUGWLQEHODQJULMNHPDWHEHSDDOGGRRU IDFWRUHQGLHLQKHWDOJHPHHQDOVµQLHWPLOLHX¶ZRUGHQDDQJHPHUNW UXLPWHOLMNHLQULFKWLQJ JHEUXLNHQEHKHHUYDQKHWVWHGHOLMNHDJUDULVFKHHQQDWXXUOLMNHJHELHG

(24) 'HLQYORHGYDQ GH]HQLHWPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ]R]HDONZDQWLWDWLHIWHEHVFKULMYHQLVEOLMIWLQGH PLOLHXYHUNHQQLQJEXLWHQEHVFKRXZLQJ œ 1LHWHFRORJLVFKHZDDUGHDVSHFWHQYDQGHQDWXXU5HFUHDWLHYHZDDUGHODQGVFKDSSHOLMNH ZDDUGHHQEHOHYLQJVZDDUGHYDQGHQDWXXUEOLMYHQLQGHPLOLHXYHUNHQQLQJRQEHVSURNHQ.

(25) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. ,QHHUGHUHYHUNHQQLQJHQ 9LHUGH1DWLRQDOH0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJ1DWXXUYHUNHQQLQJ 

(26) ZHUGHQ HIIHFWHQYDQYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQJHGHHOWHOLMNORVYDQHONDDUEHKDQGHOGHQZHUGHQ YHUVFKLOOHQGHRQYHUJHOLMNEDUHHLQGWHUPHQJHEUXLNWRPKHWHIIHFWYDQµPLOLHX¶RSµQDWXXU¶XLW WHGUXNNHQ(IIHFWHQYDQYHUGURJLQJYHU]XULQJHQYHUPHVWLQJZHUGHQEHVSURNHQLQWHUPHQ YDQYHUPLQGHULQJYDQGHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQ'HPRJHOLMNHHIIHFWHQYDQ YHUJLIWLJLQJGRRU]ZDUHPHWDOHQHQEHVWULMGLQJVPLGGHOHQLQERGHPHQZDWHUZHUGHQ XLWJHGUXNWPHWKHWEHJULS3RWHQWLHHO$DQJHWDVWH)UDFWLHYDQVRRUWHQ YHHODODQGHUHVRRUWHQ GDQSODQWHQ

(27) (IIHFWHQRSDTXDWLVFKHHFRV\VWHPHQZHUGHQEHKDQGHOGYLD]RJHQDDPGH $02(%( V3RJLQJHQRPGHHIIHFWHQYDQYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQDFKWHUDIRSppQ QRHPHUWHEUHQJHQPLVOXNWHQ,QGHHHUGHUHYHUNHQQLQJHQNRQGDDURPQLHWZRUGHQJH]HJGLQ ZHONHPDWHGHQDWXXUWHOHLGHQKDGYDQDOOHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQVDPHQRIZHONHYDQGH PLOLHXIDFWRUHQKHWPHHVWRSGHQDWXXUGUXNWH ,QGH09LVYRRUKHWHHUVWHHQSRJLQJJHGDDQRP œ GHLQYORHGYDQYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQRSNZDOLWHLWYDQGHQDWXXUWHNZDQWLILFHUHQ œ GHLQYORHGYDQDOOHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQVDPHQWHQHPHQLQppQLQGLFDWRUYRRUGUXNRSGH QDWXXU œ GHDDQGHOHQYDQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLQGHWRWDOHGUXNRSGHQDWXXUDDQWH JHYHQ +LHUYRRULVGHLQGLFDWRUµPLOLHXVWUHVV¶JHwQWURGXFHHUG'H]HLQGLFDWRUVOXLWDDQELMGH JUDDGPHWHUQDWXXUZDDUGHGLHZRUGWRQWZLNNHOGLQKHWNDGHUYDQKHWQDWXXUSODQEXUHDX 7HQ %ULQNHWDO

(28)  'HQDWXXUZDDUGHYDQHHQUHJLRZRUGWEHUHNHQGDOVKHWSURGXFWYDQQDWXXUNZDQWLWHLW DUHDDO

(29) HQGHQDWXXUNZDOLWHLW'HNZDOLWHLWYDQHHQQDWXXUW\SH GLWLVHHQEHJURHLLQJRIZDWHUW\SH

(30) ZRUGWEHUHNHQGDOVGHJHPLGGHOGHDEXQGDQWLHYRRUHHQJHNR]HQUHHNVYDQVRRUWHQLQHHQ QDWXXUW\SHWRYGLHDEXQGDQWLHLQHHQUHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLH 0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWJHEUXLNWRPXLWWHGUXNNHQKRHVRRUWHQUHDJHUHQRSYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGH PLOLHXNZDOLWHLW0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWEHUHNHQGXLWGHDIQDPHLQSRWHQWLHHOYRRUNRPHQYDQ VRRUWHQWRYHHQUHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLHDOVJHYROJYDQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW 0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWYHUGHUWRHJHOLFKWLQSDUDJUDDI.

(31) SDJYDQ. . 5,90UDSSRUW. 7RHOLFKWLQJRS0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJHQ. 'LWKRRIGVWXNEHYDWHHQWRHOLFKWLQJHQYHUDQWZRRUGLQJYDQSDUDJUDDIYDQGH09 µ0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU¶'H09WHNVWZRUGWLQWHJUDDOKHUKDDOG ]LHWHNVWEORNNHQPHW JULM]HDFKWHUJURQG

(32) HQRQGHUEURNHQPHWWRHOLFKWLQJHQHQYHUDQWZRRUGLQJYDQJHPDDNWH NHX]HV'HJHEUXLNWHUHNHQPHWKRGHQHQPRGHOOHQZRUGHQJHVSHFLILFHHUG([SHUWVFKDWWLQJHQ ZRUGHQWRHJHOLFKW $DQKHWEHJLQYDQGHEHVSUHNLQJYDQGHLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSQDWXXULQGH09 ZRUGHQHQNHOHFRQFOXVLHVJHSUHVHQWHHUG'HFRQFOXVLHVYROJHQXLWGHLQKRXGYDQGH SDUDJUDIHQHQZRUGHQKLHUQLHWYHUGHUWRHJHOLFKW. 0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQQDWXXU. 09WHNVW. œ 9HUVOHFKWHULQJYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWLVHHQEHODQJULMNHRRU]DDNJHZHHVWELMGH DFKWHUXLWJDQJYDQYHHOSODQWHQHQGLHUVRRUWHQLQGHWZLQWLJVWHHHXZ9HUDQGHULQJYDQGH PLOLHXNZDOLWHLWKHHIWWXVVHQHQJHOHLGWRWHHQYHUPLQGHULQJYDQKHWYRRUNRPHQ YDQSODQWHQVRRUWHQPHWRQJHYHHU œ 3ODQWHQHQGLHUHQLQWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXUJHELHGHQNXQQHQ]LFKWRWOLFKWKHUVWHOOHQ,Q GH]XXUJUDDGYDQGHERGHP S+

(33) VWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGHQJURQGZDWHUVWDQGZRUGWHHQ YHUEHWHULQJYHUZDFKW'HJHKDOWHQDDQ]ZDUHPHWDOHQLQGHERGHPEOLMYHQHFKWHU WRHQHPHQ œ ,QKHWODQGHOLMNJHELHGEXLWHQGHQDWXXUJHELHGHQ]DOGHVLWXDWLHQDXZHOLMNVYHUEHWHUHQ 2RNLQGHUHJLRQDOHRSSHUYODNWHZDWHUHQJHHIWGHYHUZDFKWHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWZHLQLJ]LFKW RSYHUEHWHULQJYDQGHQDWXXUNZDOLWHLW,QGH]RHWHULMNVZDWHUHQLVQDWXXUKHUVWHOWH YHUZDFKWHQGRRUYHUEHWHULQJHQLQLQULFKWLQJHQEHKHHU œ 0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWLVQLHWRYHUDOGHEHODQJULMNVWHEHSHUNHQGHIDFWRUHHQDDQWDOVRRUWHQ ZRUGWVWHUNHUEHwQYORHGGRRUEHKHHUHQYHUVQLSSHULQJYDQJHELHGHQGDQGRRU PLOLHXNZDOLWHLW œ .OLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJKHHIWJHYROJHQYRRUGHQDWXXULQKHWDOJHPHHQ2YHUGHVLWXDWLHLQ 1HGHUODQGLVQRJZHLQLJPHW]HNHUKHLGWH]HJJHQ.

(34) 5,90UDSSRUW. . SDJYDQ. 0LOLHXVWUHVV. ,QOHLGLQJ. 09WHNVW. 3ODQWHQHQGLHUHQNRPHQYRRUZDDUGHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQYRRUKHQYROGRHQGHJXQVWLJ]LMQ .ZDOLWHLWYDQZDWHUERGHPHQOXFKWPDNHQGHHOXLWYDQGLHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQ'HYUDDJLVLQ ZHONHPDWHGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWHHQEHOHPPHULQJYRUPWYRRUQDWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJ 'HQDWXXULQ1HGHUODQGLVLQGHWZLQWLJVWHHHXZVWHUNDFKWHUXLWJHJDDQ0HWXLW]RQGHULQJYDQ ERVLVGHRPYDQJYDQDOOHQDWXXUW\SHQDIJHQRPHQ'HPLOLHXGUXNRSGHQDWXXULVVWHUN WRHJHQRPHQ 5,90

(35) 'LYHUVHVRRUWHQ]LMQXLW1HGHUODQGYHUGZHQHQ,QODQG HFRV\VWHPHQ]LMQPHHUGDQVRRUWHQYHUGZHQHQRIWHZHOYDQKHWWRWDOHDDQWDOLQ ,QZDWHUHFRV\VWHPHQ]LMQPHHUGDQVRRUWHQYHUGZHQHQYDQKHWWRWDOHDDQWDOLQ 'HJURRWVWHDFKWHUXLWJDQJKHHIWSODDWVJHYRQGHQQD'HVQHOKHLGYDQ DFKWHUXLWJDQJLVQDDIJHQRPHQ 5,90E

(36) ,QGH]H0LOLHXYHUNHQQLQJJDDWKHWRYHU GHLQYORHGYDQHHQDDQWDOPLOLHXIDFWRUHQRSGHQDWXXU%HKDOYHGRRUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQZRUGWGH QDWXXUEHw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yyUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQHQ GLHUVRRUWHQ'HWHUPPLOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWJHEUXLNWRPNZDQWLWDWLHIXLWWHGUXNNHQKRHVRRUWHQUHDJHUHQRSYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGH PLOLHXNZDOLWHLW'HPDWHZDDULQVRRUWHQYRRUNRPHQZRUGWYHUJHOHNHQPHWGHVLWXDWLHYDQ,VHUVSUDNHYDQDFKWHUXLWJDQJ ELMYRRUEHHOGYDQKHWDDQWDOYLQGSODDWVHQYDQHHQSODQWHQVRRUWWHQRS]LFKWHYDQKHWDDQWDOYLQGSODDWVHQLQGDQLVGDW JHw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

(37) KHHIWEUXLNEDUHPRGHOOHQ RSJHOHYHUGYRRUNZDQWLWDWLHYHEHUHNHQLQJHQ 'H+HHUHWDO

(38) 9RRUGDJYOLQGHUV]LMQGHUJHOLMNHPRGHOOHQEHSHUNW RQWZLNNHOG 2RVWHUPHLMHU 9DQ6ZDDLM

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sOH YLQGSODDWVYRRUGLHVRRUW'H]HEHUHNHQLQJLVJHGDDQYRRUGHJHUHFRQVWUXHHUGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWYDQYRRUGHVLWXDWLHYDQ HQYRRUGHEHUHNHQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWLQ$IKDQNHOLMNYDQYHJHWDWLHW\SHHQUHJLR]LMQWRWVRRUWHQEHVFKRXZG 9RRUDQGHUHVRRUWHQJURHSHQGDQSODQWHQHQGDJYOLQGHUVLQDQGHUHHFRV\VWHHPW\SHQ DTXDWLVFKHQDWXXUODQGHOLMNJHELHG

(40) HQ YRRUDQGHUHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWVDVSHFWHQ NOLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJYHUVWRULQJ

(41) LVGHNHQQLVIUDJPHQWDULVFKHUHQ]LMQPRGHOOHQ QRJ

(42) QLHW EHVFKLNEDDU,QGLHJHYDOOHQLVJHEUXLNJHPDDNWYDQVHPLNZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQGRRUGHVNXQGLJHQ %URHNPHLMHUHWDO 

(43) *HEUXLNPDNHQGYDQGHYHUVSUHLGDDQZH]LJHLQIRUPDWLHHQZDDUPRJHOLMNRQGHUVWHXQGPHWQRJQLHWJHIRUPDOLVHHUGH PRGHOOHQ]LMQGHYHUDQGHULQJHQLQYRRUNRPHQJHVFKDW9RRUPLOLHXVWUHVVLVKHW(&VFHQDULRDDQJHKRXGHQ YHUVFKLOOHQWXVVHQ KHW(&HQ*&VFHQDULR]LMQJHULQJ

(44) YRRUDQGHUHW\SHQYDQVWUHVVLVDDQJHQRPHQGDWGHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQWRW RQYHUDQGHUGEOLMYHQ7HYHQVKHEEHQGHVNXQGLJHQVFKDWWLQJHQJHPDDNWYDQGHDDQGHOHQYDQPLOLHXVWUHVVHQRYHULJHVWUHVVRS VRRUWHQ'RRUGHGHVNXQGLJHQ]HOIZRUGHQGH]HVFKDWWLQJHQDOVRQ]HNHUDDQJHPHUNW9RRUGHULMNVZDWHUHQLVHHQVXPPLHU EHHOGEHVFKLNEDDUYDQGHRQWZLNNHOLQJYDQGHELRWLVFKHNZDOLWHLW'HLQGH:DWHUV\VWHHPYHUNHQQLQJ 0LQLVWHULHYDQ9 : 

(45) JHSXEOLFHHUGH$PRHEH¶V]LMQYHUWDDOGQDDUKHWKLHUJHEUXLNWHVWUHVVEHJULS%LMGHULMNVZDWHUHQZRUGWDOOHHQWRWDOHVWUHVV ZHHUJHJHYHQ.

(46) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. 7RHOLFKWLQJ 0LOLHXVWUHVVDOV09LQGLFDWRU 9HUDQGHULQJHQLQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWOHLGHQWRWYHUDQGHULQJHQLQDEXQGDQWLHV RIDDQWDOOHQ YLQGSODDWVHQ

(47) YDQVRRUWHQ*HEUXLNPDNHQGYDQGHLQGHQDWXXUZDDUGHJUDDGPHWHUJHKDQWHHUGH µNZDOLWHLWQDWXXUW\SH¶ZRUGWPLOLHXVWUHVVJHGHILQLHHUGDOVDIQDPHLQNZDOLWHLWDOVJHYROJYDQ PLOLHXIDFWRUHQWXVVHQHHQKXLGLJHRIWRHNRPVWLJHWRHVWDQGHQHHQJHNR]HQUHIHUHQWLHWRHVWDQG 'HNZDOLWHLWLQGHUHIHUHQWLHWRHVWDQGZRUGWRSJHVWHOG 0LOLHXVWUHVV NZDOLWHLWUHIHUHQWLHWRHVWDQG±NZDOLWHLWKXLGLJRIWRHNRPVWLJHWRHVWDQG. Ë DEXQGDQWLH KXLGLJ RI WRHNRPVWLJHWRHVWDQG Û  ÜÜ 0LOLHXVWUHVV  ÌÌ DEXQGDQWLH UHIHUHQWLH WRHVWDQG Í Ý 0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWEHUHNHQGYRRUQDWXXUW\SHQLQ VXE

(48) I\VLVFKJHRJUDILVFKHUHJLR¶V ]LH )LJXXU

(49) RIYRRU1HGHUODQGDOVJHKHHO0LOLHXVWUHVVZRUGWXLWJHGUXNWLQSHUFHQWDJHV 'DDUPHHJHHIWPLOLHXVWUHVVXLWGUXNNLQJDDQGHPDWHZDDULQGHHFRORJLVFKHNZDOLWHLWYDQGH QDWXXUZRUGWEHSHUNWDOVJHYROJYDQVXERSWLPDOHPLOLHXFRQGLWLHV. )LJXXU6XEI\VLVFKJHRJUDILVFKHUHJLR¶V +RHNHWDO

(50).

(51) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 5HIHUHQWLHWRHVWDQG 9LDGHGHILQLWLH]LMQGHEHJULSSHQQDWXXUZDDUGHHQPLOLHXVWUHVVLQKHUHQWJHNRSSHOGDDQGH NHX]HYDQHHQUHIHUHQWLHWRHVWDQGGHWRHVWDQGZDDUWHJHQGHKXLGLJHRIWRHNRPVWLJHWRHVWDQG ZRUGWDIJHPHWHQ5HIHUHQWLHVNXQQHQRSYHHOYHUVFKLOOHQGHPDQLHUHQYDQXLWYHUVFKLOOHQGH SHUVSHFWLHYHQZRUGHQJHNR]HQ œ HHQQDWXXUOLMNHWRHVWDQG œ HHQJHNR]HQSXQWLQKHWYHUOHGHQ œ HHQLGHDDOEHHOG œ HHQJHNR]HQGRHOVLWXDWLH $DQHONYDQGH]HNHX]HQ]LMQYRRUHQQDGHOHQYHUERQGHQ2RNGHPRJHOLMNKHGHQRP UHIHUHQWLHVNZDQWLWDWLHILQWHYXOOHQYHUVFKLOOHQ9RRUEHVSUHNLQJYDQGHNHX]HPRJHOLMNKHGHQ ZRUGWYHUZH]HQQDDU7HQ%ULQNHWDO 

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

(53)  0RGHOOHQHQH[SHUWVFKDWWLQJHQ %HUHNHQLQJYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVLQKXLGLJHRIWRHNRPVWLJHVLWXDWLHVYHUHLVWNHQQLVYDQ DEXQGDQWLHVYDQGHVRRUWHQGLHNHQPHUNHQG]LMQYRRUGHNZDOLWHLWYDQGHEHVFKRXZGH QDWXXUW\SHQ9RRUGHKXLGLJHVLWXDWLHZRUGWGH]HNHQQLVLQSULQFLSHYHUNUHJHQXLW YHOGZDDUQHPLQJHQ9RRUGHWRHNRPVWLJHVLWXDWLHZRUGWLQSULQFLSHJHZHUNWPHW UHNHQPRGHOOHQ YQO1DWXXUSODQQHU/DWRXUHWDO

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

(55)  'RRUEHLGHVRRUWHQLQIRUPDWLHWHSUHVHQWHUHQLVHHQWRWDDOEHHOGYHUNUHJHQYDQGHEHSHUNLQJHQ GLHGRRUGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWZRUGHQRSJHOHJGDDQGHQDWXXUNZDOLWHLWHQLVLQ]LFKWYHUNUHJHQLQ GHDDQGHOHQYDQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQGDDULQ.

(56) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW.  'HLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSSODQWHQHQ GLHUVRRUWHQ 'HEHWHNHQLVYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWYRRUSODQWHQHQGLHUVRRUWHQ. 09WHNVW. 'HLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWLVYRRUDOJURRWYRRUVRRUWHQGLHYRRUKXQYRHGVHOUHFKWVWUHHNV DIKDQNHOLMN]LMQYDQERGHPRIZDWHU SODQWHQSODQNWRQ

(57) +RJHULQGHYRHGVHONHWHQVSHHOW PLOLHXNZDOLWHLWHHQLQGLUHFWHURO YHUGZLMQHQRIYHUJLIWLJLQJYDQYRHGVHO

(58) 'HLQYORHGYDQ PLOLHXVWUHVVLVVRPVRQGHUJHVFKLNWDDQDQGHUHYRUPHQYDQEHwQYORHGLQJ]RDOVYHUVQLSSHULQJ HQEHKHHU'LWLVELMYRRUEHHOGKHWJHYDOLQGHEHKHHUGHWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLHV QDWWHKHLGH VFKUDDOJUDVODQG

(59) 6RPPLJHVRRUWHQ ELMYRRUEHHOG]RRJGLHUHQRSKHLGH

(60) ]LMQVLQGVQLHW VWHUNDIJHQRPHQ%LMYHHODTXDWLVFKHVRRUWHQNRPWDIQDPHYRRUDOGRRUPLOLHXVWUHVV%LM DQGHUHVRRUWHQ ELMYRRUEHHOGDPILELHsQHQUHSWLHOHQLQPRHUDV

(61) ]LMQDQGHUHVWUHVVIDFWRUHQ GDDUYDQGHUHGHQ ILJXXU

(62)  . 0DFURIDXQD YHQQHQ 9LVVHQ PHUHQ :DWHUSODQWHQ YHQQHQ 0DFURIDXQD. PLOLHXVWUHVV. EHNHQ. 3ODQWHQ. GXLQHQERV. 3ODQWHQ KHLGH. $PILELHsQ YHQQHQ. =RRJGLHUHQ. 9LVVHQ. PRHUDV. EHNHQ. 3ODQWHQ JUDVPRHUDV. 0DFURIDXQD VORWHQ. :DWHUSODQWHQ. 9RJHOV. EURQQHQ. JUDVPRHUDV. $PILELHsQ. :DWHUSODQWHQ. 5HSWLHOHQ. EHNHQVORWHQ. $PILELHsQ 5HSWLHOHQ. 'DJYOLQGHUV. =RRJGLHUHQ. 7R. KHLGH. . WD O. VORWHQKHLGH 9RJHOV. $PILELHsQ. KHLGH. 5HSWLHOHQ. H VW UH VV  . PRHUDV. .   V HV WU V OH WD 7R. GXLQHQ. . QLHWPLOLHXVWUHVV )LJXXU0LOLHXVWUHVVHQDQGHUHVWUHVVIDFWRUHQELMSODQWHQHQGLHUVRRUWHQDIQDPHWXVVHQHQLQ KHWYRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQHQGLHUVRRUWHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQGXLWJHGUXNWLQSHUFHQWDJHWHQ RS]LFKWHYDQGHVLWXDWLHLQ+HWEHWUHIWVFKDWWLQJHQGRRUGHVNXQGLJHQRQGHUVWHXQGYRRU]RYHUGHLQYORHG YDQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQRSWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLHRIGDJYOLQGHUVEHWUHIWGRRUPRGHOEHUHNHQLQJHQ$UHDDOYHUOLHVLV QLHWLQEHVFKRXZLQJJHQRPHQ.

(63) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 09WHNVW. 7HUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQ 9HUDQGHULQJYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWZRUGWEHVFKRXZGDOVGHEHODQJULMNVWHIDFWRULQGH ZDDUJHQRPHQDFKWHUXLWJDQJYDQWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQVRRUWHQVLQGV ,.&QDWXXUEHKHHU 

(64) %LMWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLVGHLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQVWHUNHUGDQGHLQYORHGYDQ DQGHUHIDFWRUHQPDDUKHWYHUVFKLOWVWHUNSHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SH,QVWDELHOHYHJHWDWLHV VRPPLJH ERVVHQ

(65) HQLQYHJHWDWLHVLQH[WUHPHRPVWDQGLJKHGHQ ELMYRRUEHHOGVWUDQGHQ EXLWHQGXLQYHJHWDWLH

(66) ]LMQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQGRPLQDQW%LMEHKHHUGHYHJHWDWLHV ELMYRRUEHHOG VFKUDDOJUDVODQG

(67) LVKHWEHKHHUGRPLQDQW%LMJRHGEHKHHUGHV\VWHPHQNDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWGH EHSHUNHQGHIDFWRUZRUGHQHQEHSDOHQG]LMQYRRUYHUDQGHULQJHQLQKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQ VRRUWHQ 'DJYOLQGHUV 'HLQYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQGDJYOLQGHUVLVPLQGHUJURRWGDQRSKHW YRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQ%LMGDJYOLQGHUVVSHOHQIDFWRUHQ]RDOVYHUVQLSSHULQJHQEHKHHUHHQ PLQVWHQVHYHQJURWHURO =RRJGLHUHQYRJHOVUHSWLHOHQDPILELHsQYLVVHQPDFURIDXQDHQZDWHUSODQWHQ %LMGH]RRJGLHUHQLV]RZHOGHUROYDQPLOLHXVWUHVVDOVGLHYDQRYHULJHVWUHVVJHULQJEHKDOYH ELMPRHUDV]RRJGLHUHQ'DDU]RUJWGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUHHQDIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQVLQGV YDQPHHUGDQ9RRUYRJHOVRSGHKHLGH]LMQEHKHHUHQUHFUHDWLHEHODQJULMNHIDFWRUHQ YRRUPRHUDVYRJHOV]LMQGH]HIDFWRUHQPLQGHUEHODQJULMN%LMGHDPILELHsQHQUHSWLHOHQLQGH YHQQHQLVYRRUDOGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYDQEHODQJRSGHKHLGHHQLQGHPRHUDVVHQVSHOHQYRRUGH DPILELHsQHQUHSWLHOHQRRNDQGHUHIDFWRUHQPHH9RRUYLVVHQLQPHUHQHQSODVVHQLVGH PLOLHXVWUHVVJURRW'HPDFURIDXQD ]RDOVZDWHUYORRLHQHQOLEHOOHQODUYHQ

(68) LQYHQQHQHQEHNHQ VWDDWHYHQHHQVRQGHUJURWHPLOLHXVWUHVV'HZDWHUSODQWHQLQYHQQHQZRUGHQRRNVWHUN EHwQYORHGGRRUGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW9RRUZDWHUSODQWHQLQVORWHQHQEHNHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQ ]LMQYHUPHVWLQJHQYHUGURJLQJEHODQJULMNHIDFWRUHQYHHODOLQVDPHQKDQJPHWIDFWRUHQDOV LQULFKWLQJHQEHKHHU 6FKDPLQpH :HHGD

(69) . 7RHOLFKWLQJ ,QGH]HSDUDJUDDIZRUGWDDQJHJHYHQLQZHONHPDWHGHZDDUJHQRPHQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQKHW YRRUNRPHQYDQVRRUWHQVLQGVKHWJHYROJ]LMQYDQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQ ZHONHKHWJHYROJ]LMQYDQZLM]LJLQJHQLQQLHWPLOLHXIDFWRUHQGHHHUVWHQRHPHQZH PLOLHXVWUHVVGHWZHHGHQLHWPLOLHXVWUHVV2QGHUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQZRUGWYHUVWDDQYHU]XULQJ YHUPHVWLQJYHUGURJLQJYHUJLIWLJLQJ JHOXLGV

(70) YHUVWRULQJHQNOLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJ%LMQLHW PLOLHXIDFWRUHQJDDWKHWRP]HHUYHUVFKLOOHQGHIDFWRUHQRDYHUVQLSSHULQJ EHKHHUVPDDWUHJHOHQYHUYROJLQJ MDFKW

(71) UHFUHDWLHLQYORHGHQLQKHWRYHUZLQWHULQJJHELHGHWF )LJXXU ]LH09WHNVW

(72) JHHIWHHQRYHU]LFKWHHQJURYHSODDWVEHSDOLQJ,QGHYROJHQGH KRRIGVWXNNHQ]XOOHQGHVRRUWJURHSHQHQHFRV\VWHPHQLQGHWDLOZRUGHQEHVSURNHQ 'RRUGH]HYHUVFKLOOHQGHVWUHVVIDFWRUHQLQppQILJXXUZHHUWHJHYHQLVGLUHFWWH]LHQZHONH VRRUWJURHSHQHQHFRV\VWHHPW\SHQYHHOWHOLMGHQKHEEHQJHKDGLQGHODDWVWHKHOIWYDQGH WZLQWLJVWHHHXZ URGHJHELHG

(73) 7HYHQVZRUGWLQHHQRRJRSVODJGXLGHOLMNRIHHQYHUEHWHULQJ YDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWPRJHOLMNJXQVWLJHJHYROJHQ]DOKHEEHQYRRUKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQ VRRUWHQRIGDWGDDUYRRUEHWHUDQGHUHPDDWUHJHOHQRIHHQFRPELQDWLHYDQPDDWUHJHOHQ JHQRPHQ]RXNXQQHQZRUGHQ 7HUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQ 'HSODDWVYDQGHWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLQILJXXU ]LH09WHNVW

(74) LVEHSDDOGGRRU PRGHOEHUHNHQLQJHQHQH[SHUWVFKDWWLQJHQ9RRUGHEHUHNHQLQJYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELM.

(75) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. WHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLVKHWPRGHO029(JHEUXLNW 'H+HHUHWDO

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

(77) 0HWGLWPRGHOZRUGWEHUHNHQG ZHONHNDQVHHQGDJYOLQGHUVRRUWKHHIWRPRSHHQEHSDDOGHSODDWVYRRUWHNRPHQJHJHYHQGH GDDUKHHUVHQGHPLOLHXFRQGLWLHV'HLQWHJUDOHHIIHFWHQYDQYHU]XULQJYHUPHVWLQJHQ YHUGURJLQJ]LMQEHUHNHQG2YHULJHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQDOVNOLPDDWYHUDQGHULQJWR[LVFKHGUXNHQ YHUVWRULQJ]LMQELMGHEHUHNHQLQJQLHWPHHJHQRPHQ(HQXLWJHEUHLGHEHVFKULMYLQJYDQKHW PRGHOHQKHWJHEUXLNLQGH09LVWHYLQGHQLQSDUDJUDDI 'HQLHWPLOLHXVWUHVVELMGDJYOLQGHUVLVEHUHNHQGXLWJHJHYHQVYDQGH9OLQGHUVWLFKWLQJ 9DQ 6ZDD\

(78) 'H9OLQGHUVWLFKWLQJKHHIWLQGH[FLMIHUVEHSDDOGXLWZDDUQHPLQJHQXLWGHMDUHQ HQLQVFKDWWLQJHQYRRU  

(79) 'H]HLQGH[FLMIHUVJHYHQGHWRWDOHVWUHVVELM GDJYOLQGHUVDDQPHWGDDULQRRNGHYRRUGH]HJURHS]REHODQJULMNHIDFWRUHQDOVYHUVQLSSHULQJ HQEHKHHU (HQYHUJHOLMNLQJYDQGH]HLQGH[HQYDQGH9OLQGHUVWLFKWLQJ YDQGHLQ9OLQGHU029( JHPRGHOOHHUGHVRRUWHQ

(80) HQGHPRGHOUHVXOWDWHQYDQPLOLHXVWUHVVJHYHQHHQLQGLFDWLHYDQGH YHUKRXGLQJYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVWRYGHWRWDOHVWUHVV'HGRRUKHWPRGHOEHUHNHQGHDIQDPHLQ YRRUNRPHQYRRUGDJYOLQGHUVGRRUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLVRQJHYHHUGHKHOIWYDQGHZDDUJHQRPHQ DIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQ 7DEHO

(81)  7DEHO9OLQGHU029(0LOLHXVWUHVVUHVXOWDWHQYHUJHOHNHQPHWWRWDOHVWUHVVEHUHNHQGXLWGDJYOLQGHULQGH[HQ ZDDUQHPLQJHQYRRUGXLQHQHQKRJHUH]DQGJURQGHQKHLGHHQERV

(82)  9DQ6ZDD\

(83) YRRUGHJHPRGHOOHHUGH VRRUWHQ RQJHYHHUVRRUWHQSHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SH

(84). ERV KHLGH GXLQHQ. 7RWDOHVWUHVV ZDDUQHPLQJHQLQGH[

(85)   . 0LOLHXVWUHVV 9OLQGHU029(   . +RJHUHIDXQDHQDTXDWLVFKHRUJDQLVPHQ 9RRUGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMDQGHUHVRRUWHQJURHSHQGDQWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQHQGDJYOLQGHUV]LMQ PRGHOOHQ QRJ

(86) QLHWEHVFKLNEDDU2PWRFKLQ]LFKWWHNULMJHQLQKHWHIIHFWYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW RSKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQGH]HVRRUWJURHSHQLVLQGH]HJHYDOOHQJHEUXLNJHPDDNWYDQVHPL NZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQGRRUGHVNXQGLJHQ %URHNPH\HUHWDO6FKDPLQpHHQ :HHGD

(87) *HEUXLNPDNHQGYDQGHYHUVSUHLGDDQZH]LJHLQIRUPDWLHHQZDDUPRJHOLMN RQGHUVWHXQGPHWQRJQLHWJHIRUPDOLVHHUGHPRGHOOHQ]LMQGHYHUDQGHULQJHQLQYRRUNRPHQ JHVFKDW(HQXLWJHEUHLGHEHVFKULMYLQJYDQGHJHEUXLNWHPHWKRGHLVWHYLQGHQLQSDUDJUDDI  'HEHRRUGHHOGHVRRUWJURHSHQEHWUHIIHQ]RRJGLHUHQYRJHOVUHSWLHOHQHQDPILELHsQ KHUSHWRIDXQD

(88) YLVVHQPDFURIDXQDHQZDWHUSODQWHQ3HUFRPELQDWLHYDQVRRUWJURHSHQ QDWXXUW\SHLVHHQOLMVWRSJHVWHOGYDQGHPHHVWNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQ9DQGH]HVRRUWHQLVKHW.

(89) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. KXLGLJHYRRUNRPHQJHVFKDWWHQRS]LFKWHYDQGHUHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLH9RRUGHZDWHUSODQWHQ LQUHJLRQDOHZDWHUHQLVEHRRUGHHOGLQZHONHPDWHNHQPHUNHQGHOHYHQVJHPHHQVFKDSSHQYDQ ZDWHUSODQWHQHQGHPHHVWHNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQGDDUXLW]LMQDFKWHUXLWJHJDDQWRY9DQ GHDIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQ WRWDOHVWUHVV

(90) ]LMQGHDDQGHOHQYDQPLOLHXVWUHVVHQQLHWPLOLHXVWUHVV LQJHVFKDW.

(91) SDJYDQ. . 5,90UDSSRUW. 1DWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQG. 1DWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQG. 09WHNVW. ,QGH]HPLOLHXYHUNHQQLQJLVGHDDQGDFKWJHULFKWRSGHUHODWLHWXVVHQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQHQQDWXXU LQKHWODQGHOLMNJHELHGHQPHWQDPHQDWXXUJHELHGHQ1DWXXULQKHWVWHGHOLMNHJHELHGZRUGW QLHWLQEHVFKRXZLQJJHQRPHQRPGDWGHNHQQLVGDDURYHUWHIUDJPHQWDULVFKLV,QLVKHW 1DWXXUEHOHLGVSODQXLWJHEUDFKW 0LQLVWHULHYDQ/19

(92) +HWKRRIGGRHOYDQGLW 1DWXXUEHOHLGVSODQLVGHQDWXXUOLMNHHQODQGVFKDSSHOLMNHZDDUGHQGXXU]DDPLQVWDQGKRXGHQ KHUVWHOOHQHQRQWZLNNHOHQ(HQEHODQJULMNPLGGHORPGLWGRHOWHEHUHLNHQLVGHUHDOLVDWLHYDQ GH(FRORJLVFKH+RRIGVWUXFWXXU (+6

(93) 'H(+6LVHHQVDPHQKDQJHQGVWHOVHOYDQ QDWXXUJHELHGHQGDWRQJHYHHUNPRPYDWDDQODQGRSSHUYODN LQFOXVLHIUHJLRQDOH ZDWHUV\VWHPHQ

(94) HQRQJHYHHUNPDDQJURWHZDWHUHQ ILJXXU

(95) 'H(+6EHVWDDWXLW NHUQJHELHGHQQDWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJVJHELHGHQHQYHUELQGLQJV]RQHV,QGHNHUQJHELHGHQ]LMQ RSJHQRPHQGHLQEHVWDDQGHQDWXXUJHELHGHQODQGJRHGHUHQERVVHQHQZDDUGHYROOH DJUDULVFKHFXOWXXUODQGVFKDSSHQHQYRRUZDWHUGLYHUVHEHNHQHQKXQEHHNGDOHQPHUHQHQ SODVVHQYHQQHQGHJURWHZDWHUHQHQGH1RRUG]HH1DWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJVJHELHGHQEHRJHQELM WHGUDJHQDDQGHYHUJURWLQJYDQGHEHVWDDQGHNHUQJHELHGHQRP]RWRWJURWHUHDDQHHQJHVORWHQ QDWXXUJHELHGHQWHNRPHQ0HWYHUELQGLQJV]RQHV QLHWLQGHNDDUWRSJHQRPHQ

(96) ZRUGWGH VDPHQKDQJWXVVHQGHGLYHUVHNHUQHQQDWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJVJHELHGHQYHUVWHUNW ,QILJXXU]LMQZDWEHWUHIWGHQDWWH(+6GHNHUQJHELHGHQHQQDWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJV JHELHGHQZHHUJHJHYHQ9RRUGH(+6RSKHWODQGLVRQGHUVFKHLGJHPDDNWWXVVHQGH QDWXXUJHELHGHQURQGHQGHDDQYXOOHQGEHJUHQVGHUHODWLHQRWDHQ QDWXXURQWZLNNHOLQJVJHELHGHQWRWHQPHW 5,90D

(97) .

(98) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 09WHNVW. )LJXXU1DWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQG %URQ/19/195,90

(99).

(100) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW.  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQHQ GLHUHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQ  0LOLHXNZDOLWHLW 0LOLHXNZDOLWHLWHQWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXUJHELHGHQ. 09WHNVW. 0LOLHXNZDOLWHLW 'HEHODQJULMNHVWDQGSODDWVIDFWRUHQ ILJXXU

(101) YRRUGHWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXU]LMQGH ]XXUJUDDGYDQGHERGHPGHVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGGHVWDQGYDQKHWERYHQVWHJURQGZDWHU HQGHDDQZH]LJKHLGYDQ]ZDUHPHWDOHQ$QGHUHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQVSHOHQRRNHHQURO ELMYRRUEHHOGGHUHFKWVWUHHNVHLQYORHGYDQOXFKWYHURQWUHLQLJLQJ R]RQ

(102) RSSODQWHQHQYLD DWPRVIHULVFKWUDQVSRUWJHGHSRQHHUGHEHVWULMGLQJVPLGGHOHQ. Stikstofbeschikbaarheid. Zuurgraad. Bos hoge zandgronden. Bos hoge zandgronden. Duin. Duin. Gras laagveen. Gras laagveen. Heide hoge zandgronden. Heide hoge zandgronden 3. 4. 5. 0. 6 pH. Grondwater. Bos hoge zandgronden. Duin. Duin. Gras laagveen. Gras laagveen. Heide hoge zandgronden. Heide hoge zandgronden 40 1950 1995 2030. 80 120 cm beneden maaiveld. 40. 60. 80. 100 kg/ha. Toxische druk zware metalen. Bos hoge zandgronden. 0. 20. 0. 4. 8 12 % boven drempel. MV5, 1310_1311_1312_1313. )LJXXU2QWZLNNHOLQJYDQGHYRRUGHWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXUEHODQJULMNHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWWXVVHQHQ LQQDWXXUOLMNHJHELHGHQ'HJHPLGGHOGHZDDUGHQYRRUYLHUYHUVFKLOOHQGHHFRV\VWHHPW\SHQ]LMQZHHUJHJHYHQ.

(103) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 'HPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWKHHIW]LFKYRRUGHQDWXXULQRQJXQVWLJH]LQRQWZLNNHOGLQGHSHULRGH WRW GURJHU]XXUGHUYRHGVHOULMNHUPHHU]ZDUHPHWDOHQ

(104) 9RRUGHSHULRGHWRW ZRUGWHHQJHGHHOWHOLMNKHUVWHOKLHUYDQYRRU]LHQ'DWJHOGWQLHWYRRUGHWR[LVFKHGUXNGRRU ]ZDUHPHWDOHQ'HHPLVVLHVHQGHSRVLWLHKLHUYDQ]LMQVLQGVGH]HYHQWLJHUMDUHQVWHUN DIJHQRPHQHQ]XOOHQELMKHWYDVWJHVWHOGEHOHLGRSKHWKXLGLJHQLYHDXVWDELOLVHUHQ+HW UHVXOWDDWLVGDWGHFRQFHQWUDWLHVLQGHERGHPYDQQDWXXUJHELHGHQOLFKW]XOOHQEOLMYHQRSORSHQ %HUHNHQLQJVPHWKRGH 'HFLMIHUVLQILJXXU]LMQJHPLGGHOGHZDDUGHQRYHUHHQJURRWJHELHG'LWLVVOHFKWVHHQUXZHLQGLFDWLH'HZDDUGHQYDULsUHQ LQHONJHELHGVWHUNHQMXLVWGHFRPELQDWLHVYDQGHVWDQGSODDWVIDFWRUHQ]LMQUHOHYDQWYRRUKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQVRRUWHQ 9RRU]LMQDOOHVWDQGSODDWVIDFWRUHQLQJHVFKDWRSEDVLVYDQRXGHUHLQFLGHQWHOHJHJHYHQVHQPRGHOOHQ9RRULVJHEUXLN JHPDDNWYDQPHWLQJHQHQPRGHOOHQWHUZLMOYRRUDOOHHQJHEUXLNLVJHPDDNWYDQPRGHOOHQ 9RQNHWDO

(105) . 7RHOLFKWLQJ 3HUQDWXXUW\SHLVYRRULHGHUHVXE)\VLVFK*HRJUDILVFKH5HJLR VXE)*5

(106) SHU PLOLHXNZDOLWHLWVIDFWRUHQSHU]LFKWMDDUGHJHPLGGHOGHZDDUGHRYHUDOOHJULGFHOOHQEHUHNHQG ,QILJXXU ]LH09WHNVW

(107) ]LMQGH]HJHPLGGHOGHJHWDOOHQZHHUJHJHYHQYRRUHHQVHOHFWLH YDQHFRV\VWHHPW\SHQWHZHWHQERVVHQRSKRJHUH]DQGJURQGHQGXLQHQJUDVODQGRSODDJYHHQ HQKHLGHRSKRJHUH]DQGJURQGHQ'H]HJHPLGGHOGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWZDDUGHQ]LMQEHUHNHQGRP HHQJOREDDOEHHOGWHNULMJHQYDQKHWYHUORRSYDQGH]HYRRUGHQDWXXUEHODQJULMNHIDFWRUHQ'H JHPLGGHOGHQ]HOIZRUGHQQLHWJHEUXLNWYRRUYHUGHUHEHUHNHQLQJHQ'HZDDUGHQYDULsUHQLQ HONJHELHGVWHUNHQMXLVWGHFRPELQDWLHVYDQGHVWDQGSODDWVIDFWRUHQ]LMQEHSDOHQGYRRUKHW YRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQVRRUWHQ'HUXLPWHOLMNHYDULDWLHLVWH]LHQLQELMODJH+LHU]LMQGH NDDUWHQYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWVIDFWRUHQYRRUHQZHHUJHJHYHQ )LJXXUJHHIWGHOLJJLQJYDQWHUUHVWULVFKHQDWXXUJHELHGHQLQHQYRRUHQ ZDDULQYLHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ]LMQRQGHUVFKHLGHQ+HWQDWXXUOLMNJHELHGLQLVDINRPVWLJ YDQHHQUHFRQVWUXFWLHRSEDVLVYDQ+HXQNV +HXQNVHWDO0HLM

(108)  9HOGNDPSHQ :LHUW]

(109) +HWEHHOGYDQLVDIJHOHLGYDQGHODQGJHEUXLNVNDDUW /*1

(110) HQ JHDJJUHJHHUGQDDUGHYLHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ'HDUHDOHQ NPð

(111) SHUVXE)*5YDQKHW WHUUHVWULVFKQDWXXUOLMNJHELHGVWDDQLQ7DEHO 7DEHO$UHDOHQLQNPðSHUVXE)*5YRRUKHWQDWXXUOLMNWHUUHVWULVFKJHELHGLQHQ. $UHDOHQ NPð

(112) QDWXXUOLMNWHUUHVWULVFKJHELHG 6XE)*5   +HXYHOODQG   5LYLHUHQJHELHG   +RJHUH]DQGJURQGHQ1RRUG   +RJHUH]DQGJURQGHQ2RVW   +RJHU]DQGJURQGHQ0LGGHQ   +RJHUH]DQGJURQGHQ=XLG   /DDJYHHQJHELHG1RRUG   /DDJYHHQJHELHG:HVW   =HHNOHLJHELHG1RRUG   =HHNOHLJHELHG,-VVHOPHHUSROGHUV   =HHNOHLJHELHG1RRUG:HVW   =HHNOHLJHELHG=XLG:HVW   'XLQJHELHG1RRUG   'XLQJHELHG=XLG   7RWDDO  .

(113) SDJYDQ. . 5,90UDSSRUW. HQ. )LJXXU+HWWHUUHVWULVFKQDWXXUOLMNJHELHG(ULVRQGHUVFKHLGJHPDDNWLQYLHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQYRRUHQ HQ. )LJXXU6FKHPDWLVFKHZHHUJDYHYDQGHEHUHNHQLQJYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWIDFWRUHQJHPLGGHOGHYRRUMDDUMDDUV JURQGZDWHUVWDQG *9*

(114) ]XXUJUDDG S+

(115) VWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLG 1

(116) HQWR[LVFKHGUXNGRRU]ZDUHPHWDOHQ &RPEL3$)

(117).

(118) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. 'HEHUHNHQLQJYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWYRRUGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHQDWXXUW\SHQELQQHQKHWQDWXXUOLMN JHELHGLQHQLVWRHJHOLFKWLQ)LJXXU 9RRUHONHJULGFHO ELMPHWHU

(119) YDQKHWQDWXXUOLMNJHELHG]LMQERGHPIDFWRUHQEHUHNHQG YRRUGHVLWXDWLHURQGGHKXLGLJHVLWXDWLHHQGHVLWXDWLHLQYROJHQVKHW(XURSHDQ &RRUGLQDWLRQ (&

(120) VFHQDULRHQKHW*OREDO&RPSHWLWLRQ *&

(121) VFHQDULR'HERGHPIDFWRUHQ ]XXUJUDDG S+

(122) HQVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLG 1

(123) ]LMQEHUHNHQGPHWKHWERGHPPRGHO60$57  .URVHWDO.URV

(124) +HWPRGHO60$57EHUHNHQWGH]HVWDQGSODDWVIDFWRUHQ DOVIXQFWLHYDQORNDOHERGHPNHQPHUNHQJURQGZDWHUWUDSNZHODWPRVIHULVFKHGHSRVLWLHHQ YHJHWDWLH60$57LVHHQG\QDPLVFKPRGHOHQKHHIWXLWYRHUYRRUHQ RSJHOHYHUGYRRUKHW*&HQ(&VFHQDULR9RRUGHKLVWRULVFKHUHFRQVWUXFWLHLVJHEUXLN JHPDDNWYDQJHUHFRQVWUXHHUGHGHSRVLWLHJHJHYHQV .URVHQ0ROLQSUHS

(125) 'H]H GHSRVLWLHEHVWDQGHQ]LMQJHEDVHHUGRSKLVWRULVFKHHPLVVLHNDDUWHQYRRUGHMDUHQ (HUHQVHQYDQ'DP

(126) 'HEHUHNHQLQJYRRUGHKXLGLJHHQWRHNRPVWLJHWRHVWDQGLV JHEDVHHUGRSGHSRVLWLHJHJHYHQVYDQ62[1+[HQ12\XLWKHWPRGHO236 9DQ-DDUVYHOG DFKWHUJURQGGRFXPHQWYHUPHVWLQJ

(127)  ]LHELMODJH

(128) HQGHJURQGZDWHULQIRUPDWLHXLWKHW K\GURORJLVFKPRGHO/*0 3DVWRRUV

(129)  'HJHPLGGHOGHYRRUMDDUVJURQGZDWHUVWDQGHQ *9*

(130) YDQHQYDQ]LMQRQWOHHQGDDQ KHWK\GURORJLVFKPRGHO/*0 3DVWRRUV

(131) 'HEHUHNHQLQJYRRUGH09LVEHVFKUHYHQLQ %HXJHOLQNHWDO 

(132) 'H*9*YDQLVDOVYROJWJHUHFRQVWUXHHUGYRRUORFDWLHVPHW KLVWRULVFKHYHJHWDWLHRSQDPHQ 6FKDPLQpHHWDO

(133) ]LMQ(OOHQEHUJZDDUGHQ (OOHQEHUJHWDO

(134) YRRUGHYRFKWWRHVWDQGEHSDDOG9HUYROJHQVLVGRRUPLGGHOYDQ JHRVWDWLVFKHLQWHUSRODWLHYDQGH]H(OOHQEHUJZDDUGHQHHQODQGVGHNNHQGHNDDUWJHPDDNW %LR HWDO

(135) 'H]HNDDUWLVYHUWDDOGLQHHQNDDUWPHWQDDUPHHWEDUHZDDUGHQ JURQGZDWHUVWDQG LQFPEHQHGHQPDDLYHOG

(136) PHWEHKXOSYDQGHNDOLEUDWLHYHUJHOLMNLQJGLHRRNJHEUXLNWZRUGWLQ GH1DWXXUSODQQHU $ONHPDGHHWDO

(137) 'H]HYHUJHOLMNLQJLVJHEDVHHUGRSHHQJURRWDDQWDO VLWXDWLHVZDDUELM]RZHOYHJHWDWLHVDPHQVWHOOLQJDOVERGHPNHQPHUNHQ]LMQJHPHWHQ 'HWR[LVFKHGUXNLVLQGH]HVWXGLHPHHJHQRPHQLQGHYRUPYDQGHYDULDEHOHFRPEL3$)GH SRWHQWLHHODDQJHWDVWHIUDFWLHSODQWHQVRRUWHQGRRUGH]ZDUHPHWDOHQ]LQN =Q

(138) NRSHU &X

(139) HQ FDGPLXP &G

(140)  9DQGH0HHQW

(141) 'HFRQFHQWUDWLHYDQGH]HPHWDOHQLQGHERGHPLV JHPRGHOOHHUGPHWKHWPRGHO62$&$6 7LNWDNHWDO

(142) 9RRUDQGHUHWR[LVFKHVWRIIHQ ]RDOVEHVWULMGLQJVPLGGHOHQ]LMQQRJJHHQHIIHFWPRGHOOHQRQWZLNNHOG )LJXXUVFKHPDWLVHHUWGHEHUHNHQLQJYDQPHWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLHVLQGHERGHPQDDU3$)ZDDUGH. WRWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLH ]ZDUHPHWDOHQ &G =Q&X

(143) LQERGHP. FRQFHQWUDWLH UHDFWLHYHPHWDOHQ. SRWHQWLHHO DDQJHWDVWHIUDFWLH SODQWHQVRRUWHQSHU LQGLYLGXHHOPHWDDO. SRWHQWLHHO DDQJHWDVWHIUDFWLH SODQWHQVRRUWHQYRRU &G=Q&X FRPEL

(144) 3$). )LJXXU%HUHNLQJVVFKHPDFRPEL3$) 7DEHO *HwQGH[HHUGUHDFWLHIPHWDDOJHKDOWHLQGHERGHP]RDOVEHUHNHQGPEY62$&$6  

(145) . 0HWDDO   . FDGPLXP   . ]LQN   . NRSHU   .

(146) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. 0HWEHKXOSYDQHHQXLW62$&$6DINRPVWLJHUHJUHVVLHIRUPXOH 7LNWDNHWDO

(147) ]LMQGH JHPHWHQWRWDDOJHKDOWHQ YRRUQDPHOLMNJHPHWHQLQGHWDFKWLJHUMDUHQ]LH7LNWDN

(148) YDQGH PHWDOHQRPJHUHNHQGQDDUFRQFHQWUDWLHVUHDFWLHIPHWDDO'H UHDFWLHYH

(149) FRQFHQWUDWLHV]ZDUH PHWDOHQNXQQHQQLHWFRQVWDQWYHURQGHUVWHOGZRUGHQLQGHWLMGGHUKDOYH]LMQGHFRQFHQWUDWLHV YDQGHPHWDOHQYRRUHQEHUHNHQG+LHUELMLVKHWUXLPWHOLMNHEHHOGYDQGHDFWXHOH FRQFHQWUDWLHVJHFRPELQHHUGPHWGHWUHQGLQGHWLMG]RDOVEHUHNHQGGRRUKHWPRGHO62$&$6 7DEHO

(150) +LHUELMZRUGWHUYDQXLWJHJDDQGDWGHWLMGVDIKDQNHOLMNKHLGYDQGHDFFXPXODWLHRS DOOHSODDWVHQJHOLMNLV=RNXQQHQYRRUHONHORFDWLHHQWLMGVWLSGHPHWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLHVZRUGHQ EHUHNHQG 2PGHPHWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLHVYHUYROJHQVWHNXQQHQRPUHNHQHQQDDUHHQ3$)ZDDUGHLVJHEUXLN JHPDDNWYDQRQGHU]RHNQDDUGHFKURQLVFKHWR[LFLWHLWYDQGHEHWURNNHQPHWDOHQYRRU]RYHHO PRJHOLMNSODQWHQVRRUWHQ+LHUWRHLVJHEUXLNJHPDDNWYDQYHUVFKLOOHQGHGDWDVHWVYDQKHW &HQWUXPYRRU6WRIIHQHQ5LVLFR¶V &655,90

(151) 'Hµ1R2EVHUYHG(IIHFW&RQFHQWUDWLHV¶ 12(&¶V

(152) XLWGH]HEHVWDQGHQ]LMQRPJHUHNHQGQDDUGHUHDFWLHIPHWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLHV2SGH DOGXVYHUNUHJHQHIIHFWLHYHHLQGSXQWFRQFHQWUDWLHVYRRUYHUVFKLOOHQGHSODQWHQVRRUWHQZRUGWHHQ ORJORJLVWLVFKHJHYRHOLJKHLGYHUGHOLQJRYHUHHQJHQHULHNHYHU]DPHOLQJSODQWHQVRRUWHQJHILW +LHUPHH]LMQGHUHDFWLHIPHWDDONDDUWHQRPJH]HWQDDU3$)NDDUWHQYRRUGHLQGLYLGXHOH PHWDOHQ 1DGDWDOOH3$)ZDDUGHQYRRUGHLQGLYLGXHOHPHWDOHQ]LMQEHUHNHQGZRUGWHHQFRPEL3$) ZDDUGHXLWJHUHNHQG .OHSSHUHQ9DQGH0HHQW

(153)  +HODDV]LMQELMGHEHUHNHQLQJHQYRRUGH09IRXWHQJHPDDNW'HWUHQGVLQGHWLMGLQGH UHDFWLHIPHWDDOJHKDOWHVYRRUNRSHUHQ]LQN]LMQYHUZLVVHOG'HFRPEL3$)¶VLQKHWYHUOHGHQ ]LMQGDDUGRRULHWVRYHUVFKDWHQLQGHWRHNRPVWRQGHUVFKDW9RRUGHJHYROJHQGLHGH]HIRXW KHHIWJHKDGRSGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLH]LHSDUDJUDDI.

(154) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ.  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSSODQWHQ 09WHNVW. ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXRSWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLH 'HZDDUJHQRPHQDFKWHUXLWJDQJVLQGVELMSODQWHQVRRUWHQLQQDWXXUOLMNHJHELHGHQLVYRRU HHQJURRWGHHOWHUXJWHYRHUHQRSPLOLHXVWUHVV7XVVHQQXHQ]DOGHPLOLHXVWUHVVRS SODQWHQLQQDWXXUOLMNHJHELHGHQOLFKWDIQHPHQ'HPRJHOLMNHUHFKWVWUHHNVHLQYORHGYDQ OXFKWYHURQWUHLQLJLQJ RQGHUDQGHUHR]RQ

(155) RSSODQWHQLVQLHWEHVFKRXZG'DWOHLGWWRWHHQ RQEHNHQGHPDDUYHUPRHGHOLMNOLFKWHRQGHUVFKDWWLQJYDQGHWRWDOHPLOLHXVWUHVV 5HFKWVWUHHNVHEHwQYORHGLQJYDQSODQWHQGRRUOXFKWNZDOLWHLW 'HKXLGLJHR]RQFRQFHQWUDWLHVOLJJHQERYHQGHVFKDGHGUHPSHOYRRUODQGERXZJHZDVVHQ6RRUWHQXLWQDWXXUOLMNHYHJHWDWLHV. UHDJHUHQRYHUKHWDOJHPHHQVWHUNHURSR]RQ 2

(156) GDQODQGERXZJHZDVVHQ2QJHYHHU0LGGHO(XURSHVHSODQWHQVRRUWHQXLW QDWXXUOLMNHYHJHWDWLHV]LMQJHWRHWVWRSKXQJHYRHOLJKHLGYRRU2'DDUELMEOHHNELMYRRU1HGHUODQGUHDOLVWLVFKH FRQFHQWUDWLHQLYHDXVGHKHOIWYDQGHVRRUWHQVFKDGHWHRQGHUYLQGHQHQHHQGHUGH PHWQDPHJUDVVRRUWHQ

(157) MXLVWLQ ELRPDVVDSURGXFWLHJHVWLPXOHHUGWHZRUGHQ6FKDGHLVRQGHUPHHUJURHLUHGXFWLHJURWHUGDQRIYHUVQHOGHYHURXGHULQJ YHUPLQGHUGHEORHLSUHVWDWLHHQDDQPHUNHOLMNHEODGVFKDGH+RHZHOGH]HODERUDWRULXPWRHWVHQQLHW]RQGHUPHHUUHSUHVHQWDWLHI]LMQ YRRUGHYHOGVLWXDWLHJHHIWKHWZHODDQGDW2VLJQLILFDQWHYHUVFKXLYLQJHQLQGHVRRUWHQVDPHQVWHOOLQJYDQQDWXXUOLMNHYHJHWDWLHV NDQYHURRU]DNHQ2YHULJHQVLVKHWULVLFRYDQ2YRRUKHWYHUGZLMQHQYDQJHYRHOLJHVRRUWHQZDDUVFKLMQOLMNQLHW]RJURRWDOVGDW YDQYHUPHVWLQJHQYHUVQLSSHULQJ9RRUHQNHOHVWRIIHQLQGHOXFKW]LMQNULWLVFKHFRQFHQWUDWLHVJHIRUPXOHHUGYRRUGHEHVFKHUPLQJ YDQJHYRHOLJHSODQWHQVRRUWHQ9RRU12[LVGDW—JPYRRU1+—JPHQYRRU62—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

(158) . 'HPLOLHXVWUHVVRSWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLQQDWXXUOLMNHJHELHGHQEHGURHJLQFLUFD ILJXXU

(159) 'LWEHWHNHQWGDWWRHQYRRUGHEHVFKRXZGHSODQWHQVRRUWHQDOVJHYROJYDQ PLOLHXIDFWRUHQKHWDDQWDOSRWHQWLsOHYLQGSODDWVHQJHPLGGHOGPHWZDVDIJHQRPHQWHQ RS]LFKWHYDQ'HYDULDWLHWXVVHQSODQWHQVRRUWHQLVHFKWHUJURRW(U]LMQVRRUWHQGLHMXLVW EHWHUHNDQVHQKHEEHQGDQLQHQHU]LMQVRRUWHQZDDUYRRUGHEHVWDDQVPRJHOLMNKHGHQ VWHUN]LMQDIJHQRPHQ1DDUYHUZDFKWLQJ]DOGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUGHSODQWHQLQGHWRHNRPVW DIQHPHQYDQLQWRWLQ$OOHEHVFKRXZGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQVSHOHQELMGH YHUDQGHULQJHQHHQUROPDDUGHRSJHWUHGHQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGH]XXUJUDDGYDQGHERGHP ZHUNHQKHWVWHUNVWGRRULQKHWHLQGUHVXOWDDW.

(160) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. Planten terrestrische natuurgebieden 100 80 60. Milieustress (%). 1995. 1995 2030. 1995 2030. 40. 2030. 1995. Toxische druk zware metalen Grondwaterstand Zuurgraad Stikstofbeschikbaarheid. 1995 2030. 2030. 20 0. Bos. Heide. Gras/moeras. Duin. Nederland MV5, 1270. )LJXXU0LOLHXVWUHVVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQLQ1HGHUODQGEHSHUNLQJGRRU PLOLHXNZDOLWHLWYDQGHEHVWDDQVPRJHOLMNKHGHQYRRUVRRUWHQLQYHUVFKLOOHQGHEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ Planten terrestrische natuurgebieden 2030. 1995. Milieustress in % 0 - 15 15 - 25 25 - 35 35 - 45. 45 - 55 55 - 65 65 - 75. Niet berekend Stedelijk gebied in 1995 Gegeneraliseerde begrenzing fysisch geografische regio MV5, 1270. )LJXXU0LOLHXVWUHVVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLQQDWXXUOLMNJHELHGEHSHUNLQJGRRUPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWYDQGH EHVWDDQVPRJHOLMNKHGHQYRRUVRRUWHQLQYHUVFKLOOHQGHUHJLR¶V. 'HYHUPLQGHULQJYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVWXVVHQHQNRPWGRRUGHYHUEHWHULQJYDQ ]XXUJUDDGVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGHQJURQGZDWHUVWDQG'HLQYORHGYDQWR[LVFKHGUXNGRRU ]ZDUHPHWDOHQQHHPWGRRUGHGRRUJDDQGHVWLMJLQJYDQPHWDDOFRQFHQWUDWLHVOLFKWWRH 'HPLOLHXVWUHVVLVQLHWRYHUDOHYHQJURRW(U]LMQJURWHYHUVFKLOOHQWXVVHQGHEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ HQWXVVHQGHUHJLR¶V ILJXXUHQILJXXU

(161) ,QLVGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUDOKRRJLQ GHERVVHQHQLQGHGXLQHQ'HPRGHOEHUHNHQLQJHQYRRUGXLQYHJHWDWLHLQJHYHQHHQ.

(162) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. JURWHUHDFKWHUXLWJDQJYDQSODQWHQVRRUWHQDDQGDQJHVFKDWZRUGWGRRUGHVNXQGLJHQ,QKHLGHLV GHPLOLHXVWUHVVJHPLGGHOGHQLQJUDVODQGHQPRHUDVYHJHWDWLHVLVGHPLOLHXVWUHVVUHODWLHI JHULQJ9RRUZRUGWYRRUDOOHHFRV\VWHHPW\SHQHHQOLFKWHDIQDPHYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVV EHUHNHQG,QGHGXLQYHJHWDWLHVSHOHQQXWULsQWHQHHQJURWHUHUROGDQLQDQGHUH EHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ'HEHUHNHQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVLQLVKRRJLQHHQJURRWGHHOYDQGHKRJHUH ]DQGJURQGHQHQLQGHGXLQHQ ,QGHODDJYHHQHQ]HHNOHLV\VWHPHQLVHUPLQGHUPLOLHXVWUHVV,QGH]HEHLGHODDWVWHV\VWHPHQ OLJJHQHFKWHUYHHOPLQGHUQDWXXUJHELHGHQ'HPLOLHXVWUHVVRSKHWEHSHUNWHDDQWDO QDWXXUJHELHGHQLQKHW]HHNOHLJHELHGLQ1RRUG1HGHUODQGQHHPWHQLJV]LQVWRHWXVVHQHQ YRRUDODOVJHYROJYDQHHQOLFKWHWRHQDPHYDQQXWULsQWHQEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGHQWR[LVFKH GUXN 7RHOLFKWLQJ 'HEHUHNHQLQJHQYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQ]LMQXLWJHYRHUGPHWPRGHOOHQ GLH]LMQJHwQWHJUHHUGLQGH1DWXXUSODQQHU /DWRXUHWDO:LHUW]HWDOLQSUHS

(163) ]LH SDUDJUDDI

(164)  6RRUWNHX]H 'HVRRUWHQOLMVWNRPWXLWKHWUDSSRUWYDQ*URHQHQ9DQGHU0HLMGHQ 

(165) 'HVRRUWHQ YDQGH]H(.,SODQWHQVRRUWHQOLMVW]LMQRQWOHHQGDDQGHGRHOVRRUWHQOLMVWXLWKHWQDWXXUEHOHLG DDQJHYXOGPHWPLQGHU]HOG]DPHHQJRHGPHHWEDUHVRRUWHQ9DQGH]HVHWEOHYHQQDVHOHFWLH YDQGHWHUUHVWULVFKHHQVHPLWHUUHVWULVFKHVRRUWHQQRJVRRUWHQRYHUZDDUYDQHUYRRU VRRUWHQPRGHOOHQ]LMQLQ029( ]LHELMODJH

(166) 'HVRRUWHQLQGHOLMVW]LMQRSJHGHHOGRYHU GH)\VLVFK*HRJUDILVFKH5HJLR¶V )*5¶V]LH)LJXXU

(167) 2PGDWLQGH(.,SODQWHQVRRUWHQOLMVW JHHQRQGHUVFKHLGQDDUVXE)*5ZRUGWJHPDDNWLVYHURQGHUVWHOGGDWVRRUWHQELQQHQHHQ)*5 RRNELQQHQGHRSJHGHHOGHVXE)*5¶VNXQQHQYRRUNRPHQ +HWYRRUNRPHQYDQSODQWHQVRRUWHQDOVIXQFWLHYDQDELRWLVFKHPLOLHXFRQGLWLHVLVEHUHNHQGPHW EHKXOSYDQKHWVWDWLVWLVFKHUHJUHVVLHPRGHO029( 0RGHOYRRUGH9HJHWDWLH

(168)  'H+HHUHW DO

(169) 'HEHUHNHQGHERGHPIDFWRUHQYHUWDDOGQDDU(OOHQEHUJLQGLFDWLHZDDUGHQ (OOHQEHUJ HWDO

(170) YRUPHQPHWGH&RPEL3$) ]LHSDUDJUDDI

(171) HQGH(OOHQEHUJ LQGLFDWLHZDDUGHYRRUVDOLQLWHLW %LR

(172) EHJURHLLQJVW\SH %*7

(173) HQVXE)*5 +RHNHWDO 

(174) GHLQYRHUYDQGHSODQWHQGRVLVHIIHFWPRGXOH029( ]LH)LJXXU

(175) ,QELMODJH]LMQ GH]HLQYRHUNDDUWHQWH]LHQYRRU1HGHUODQGYRRUHQ,QELMODJHZRUGWGH FRPSOHWHLQYRHUPHWEURQYHUPHOGLQJHQZHHUJHJHYHQ +HWVWDWLVWLVFKHUHJUHVVLHPRGHO029(LVJHEDVHHUGRSFDYHOGZDDUQHPLQJHQ HQEHUHNHQWGHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQYDQHHQJURRWDDQWDOSODQWHQVRRUWHQDOVIXQFWLHYDQ DELRWLVFKHPLOLHXFRQGLWLHV029(OHYHUWSHUSODQWHQVRRUWYRRUHONHJULGFHOYDQELM PHWHUGHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQ $OVGHNDQVJURRWJHQRHJLV PDDOGHPD[LPDOHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQ

(176) ZRUGWDDQJHQRPHQ GDWLQGHEHWUHIIHQGHFHOGHVRRUWDDQZH]LJNDQ]LMQ 9DQ+LQVEHUJHQ.URV

(177) ,QGH QDWXXUZDDUGHULQJVPRGXOH%,2',9ZRUGWGHLQIRUPDWLHRSVRRUWQLYHDXJHwQWHJUHHUGRYHU GHJHVHOHFWHHUGHVRRUWHQKHHQ +RHNHWDO

(178) 3HUVXE)*5LVYRRULHGHUHVRRUWKHWDDQWDO SRWHQWLsOHYLQGSODDWVHQRSJHWHOG'LWDDQWDOLVXLWJHGUXNWDOVSHUFHQWDJH 

(179) YDQKHW DDQWDOYLQGSODDWVHQLQQDFRUUHFWLHPHWKHWDUHDDOLQ+HWDDQWDOJHPRGHOOHHUGH YLQGSODDWVHQZRUGWSHUVXE)*5YHUJHOHNHQPHWKHWDDQWDOJHPRGHOOHHUGHYLQGSODDWVHQLQ.

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ppQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ GHRYHULJHLQYRHUIDFWRUHQYDVWWH]HWWHQRSGHZDDUGHYDQ+LHUPHHLVSHUVXE)*5GH PLOLHXVWUHVVDOVJHYROJYDQGLHHQHIDFWRUEHUHNHQG'HVRPYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVSHUIDFWRU NDQJURWHU]LMQGDQGHWRWDOHPLOLHXVWUHVVDOVJHYROJYDQKHWJH]DPHQOLMNHIIHFW'DDURP]LMQ GHDDQGHOHQJHVFKDDOGQDDUGHWRWDOHVWUHVV UHODWLHYHVWUHVV

(181) $IQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQ YHUJHOHNHQELMGRRUYHUDQGHULQJLQEHJURHLLQJVW\SHLVQLHWWRWPLOLHXVWUHVVJHUHNHQGHQ GHUKDOYHLQGHSUHVHQWDWLHZHJJHODWHQ 8LWGHPLOLHXVWUHVVSHUVXE)*5 JH]DPHQOLMNHQSHUIDFWRU

(182) LVKHWDUHDDOJHZRJHQJHPLGGHOGH SHU)*5HQYRRUKHHO1HGHUODQGEHSDDOG'HUHVXOWDWHQYRRUKHWQDWXXUOLMNJHELHGSHUVXE.

(183) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. )*5HQYRRUKHHO1HGHUODQG]LMQJHSUHVHQWHHUGLQILJXXU ]LH09WHNVW

(184) 'HUHVXOWDWHQ YRRU+HXYHOODQG]LMQZHJJHODWHQRPGDWGHEHUHNHQLQJHQPHW/*0YRRUGDWJHELHG RQYROGRHQGHEHWURXZEDDU]LMQJHEOHNHQ 3DVWRRUV

(185)  'HPLOLHXVWUHVVSHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SHLVEHSDDOGGRRUKHWJHPLGGHOGHWHQHPHQYDQELMHHQ EHJURHLLQJVW\SHEHKRUHQGHVRRUWHQLQHHQ VXE

(186) )*5ELMYRRUEHHOGGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMGH ERVVRRUWHQRSGH+RJHUH]DQGJURQGHQQRRUG'LWLQWHJHQVWHOOLQJWRWHHUGHUHVWXGLHVZDDUELM GHPDWHYDQYRRUNRPHQZHUGJHDJJUHJHHUGRYHUDOOHVRRUWHQSHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SH ELMYRRUEHHOGGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMSODQWHQVRRUWHQLQKHWERVRSGH+RJHUH]DQGJURQGHQQRRUG 9,-12+RHNHWDO

(187) +HWJHPLGGHOGHUHVXOWDDWYRRUERVKHLGHJUDVODQGHQ PRHUDVHQGXLQSODQWHQ]LMQZHHUJHJHYHQLQILJXXU ]LH09WHNVW

(188) +LHUELM]LMQGH W\SHQJUDVODQGHQPRHUDVVDPHQJHYRHJGYROJHQV*URHQHWDO 

(189)  ,Q)LJXXUZRUGWGHPLOLHXVWUHVVQLHWSHUVXE)*5JHSUHVHQWHHUGPDDUSHUVXE)*5SHU EHJURHLLQJVW\SH YHUJHOLMN)LJXXU

(190) +LHUELMLVKHWERVHQPRHUDVLQKHW/DDJYHHQJHELHG /Y

(191) WRWERVJHUHNHQGHQGHGXLQYHJHWDWLHLQGH'XLQHQ 'X

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

(193) %HUHNHQLQJHQ PHWGHMXLVWHLQYRHUJHYHQDDQGDWYHUVFKLOOHQLQPLOLHXVWUHVVHQDDQGHOHQSHUVXE)*5NOHLQ ]LMQ YHUVFKLOWXVVHQGHMXLVWHHQIRXWHLQYRHU

(194)  . . )LJXXU0LOLHXVWUHVVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQLQQDWXXUOLMNJHELHGYRRURQGHUVFKHLGHQEHJURHLLQJVW\SHQ.

(195) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW.  ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXNZDOLWHLWRSGLHUHQ 09WHNVW. ,QYORHGYDQPLOLHXRSGLHUVRRUWHQLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQ 'HPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUGDJYOLQGHUV]RRJGLHUHQUHSWLHOHQDPILELHsQHQYRJHOVLVLQGH EHVFKRXZGHWHUUHVWULVFKHHFRV\VWHPHQDDQ]LHQOLMNNOHLQHUGDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRU WHUUHVWULVFKHSODQWHQ7RFKVWDDQHQNHOHVRRUWJURHSHQVLQGVEHKRRUOLMNRQGHUGUXNGH WRWDOHVWUHVVYRRUYRJHOVRSGHKHLGHZRUGWRSPHHUGDQJHVFKDWKHWJHHQYRRUHHQJURRW GHHOWRHWHVFKULMYHQLVDDQEHKHHUHQUHFUHDWLH(HQYHUEHWHULQJYDQGHPLOLHXNZDOLWHLW]RDOV YHUZDFKWLQJHHIWHHQJHULQJHDIQDPHYDQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUWHUUHVWULVFKHIDXQD 'HEHUHNHQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUGDJYOLQGHUVLVPLQGHUGDQELMWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLH ILJXXU 

(196) ,QLVGHPLOLHXVWUHVVKHWJURRWVWELMYDQKHLGHYOLQGHUV 

(197) HQKHWODDJVWYDQGH GXLQYOLQGHUV 

(198) $OOHGULHGHKLHUEHVFKRXZGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQGUDJHQYULMZHOJHOLMNELMDDQ GHPLOLHXVWUHVV,QWUHHGWHHQOLFKWKHUVWHORSYDQGHEHVWDDQVPRJHOLMNKHGHQYRRUGH GDJYOLQGHUV. Dagvlinders natuurgebieden 100. Milieustress (%). Grondwaterstand Zuurgraad Stikstofbeschikbaarheid. 80 60 40. 1995 2030. 20 0. Bos. 1995. 1995 2030. Duin. 1995 2030. Gras. 2030. Heide MV5, 1399. )LJXXU0LOLHXVWUHVVELMGDJYOLQGHUVLQQDWXXUJHELHGHQEHSHUNLQJYDQEHVWDDQVPRJHOLMNKHGHQGRRU ]XXUJUDDGVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGHQJURQGZDWHUSHLOLQHQ %HUHNHQLQJVZLM]H 'HWRWDOHVWUHVVRSYRJHOV]RRJGLHUHQDPILELHsQHQUHSWLHOHQLVEHUHNHQGXLWVHPLNZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQYDQKHW YRRUNRPHQYDQGH]HVRRUWJURHSHQYRRUHQ 9RQNHWDO

(199) 7HYHQV]LMQGHUHODWLHYHDDQGHOHQYDQGH YHUVFKLOOHQGHIDFWRUHQLQGHWRWDOHVWUHVVPLOLHXIDFWRUHQDOVYHUPHVWLQJYHUGURJLQJYHU]XULQJYHUJLIWLJLQJHQYHUVWRULQJGRRU JHOXLGHQRYHULJHQLHWPLOLHXIDFWRUHQDOVUHFUHDWLHHQEHKHHULQJHVFKDW'HFRPELQDWLHJHHIWGHPLOLHXVWUHVVHQGHDDQGHOHQ YDQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ 'HPLOLHXVWUHVVRSGDJYOLQGHUVLVEHUHNHQGRSHHQYHUJHOLMNEDUHZLM]HDOVELMGHSODQWHQ 2RVWHUPHLMHUHQ9DQ6ZDD\

(200) 2S EDVLVYDQODQGHOLMNHNDDUWHQYDQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ ]XXUJUDDGHQVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLGYDQGHERGHPHQJHPLGGHOGHVWDQGYDQ KHWERYHQVWHJURQGZDWHULQKHWYRRUMDDU

(201) LVGHNDQVYDQYRRUNRPHQEHUHNHQGYRRUHHQJHVHOHFWHHUGHJURHSYDQVRRUWHQLQ HQ'HEHUHNHQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVYRRUGDJYOLQGHUVLVHHQRQGHUVFKDWWLQJRPGDWYRRUHHQDDQWDOVRRUWHQGLH VLQGV]LMQYHUGZHQHQRQYROGRHQGHZDDUQHPLQJHQZDUHQJHGDDQ%RYHQGLHQLVJHHQUHNHQLQJJHKRXGHQPHW YHUDQGHULQJHQLQGHYHJHWDWLHVWUXFWXXUDOVJHYROJYDQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ]RDOVELMYRRUEHHOGHHQOLFKWHYHUJUDVVLQJYDQKHLGH'H]H YHUDQGHULQJHQNXQQHQRSGDJYOLQGHUV YRRUDOKHLGHYOLQGHUV

(202) ZHOLQYORHGKHEEHQ'HEHUHNHQGHDIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQYRRU GDJYOLQGHUVGRRUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLVRQJHYHHUGHKHOIWYDQGHZDDUJHQRPHQDIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQ.

(203) 5,90UDSSRUW. SDJYDQ. 7RHOLFKWLQJ 'DJYOLQGHUV 'HPLOLHXVWUHVVELMGDJYOLQGHUVLVEHUHNHQGRSHHQYHUJHOLMNEDUHZLM]HDOVELMGHWHUUHVWULVFKH SODQWHQ2SEDVLVYDQODQGHOLMNHNDDUWHQYDQPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLVGHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQ EHUHNHQGYRRUHQYRRUHHQJHVHOHFWHHUGHJURHSYDQGDJYOLQGHUVRRUWHQPHW KHWPRGHO9OLQGHU029( 2RVWHUPHLMHUHQ9DQ6ZDD\2RVWHUPHLMHUHQ9DQ6ZDD\ 9DQ6ZDD\

(204)  9OLQGHU029(LVHHQVWDWLVWLVFKUHJUHVVLHPRGHOGDWGHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQYDQFD GDJYOLQGHUVRRUWHQEHUHNHQWDOVIXQFWLHYDQPLOLHXFRQGLWLHV'H]HEHWUHIIHQGH(OOHQEHUJ LQGLFDWLHZDDUGHQ (OOHQEHUJHWDO

(205) YDQVWLNVWRIEHVFKLNEDDUKHLG 1

(206) ]XXUJUDDG S+

(207) HQ JHPLGGHOGHYRRUMDDUVJURQGZDWHUVWDQG *9*

(208) HQEHJURHLLQJVW\SH %*7¶VERVJUDVODQGHQ KHLGH

(209) ,QWHJHQVWHOOLQJWRWWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLHLVELMGHGDJYOLQGHUVJHHQWR[LVFKHGUXN GRRU]ZDUHPHWDOHQLQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVPHHEHUHNHQG'HEHUHNHQLQJHQLQGH09]LMQJHGDDQ PHW9OLQGHU029( 9OLQGHU029(OHYHUWSHUVRRUWYRRUHONHJULGFHO [PHWHU

(210) GHNDQVRSYRRUNRPHQ 9HUYROJHQVZRUGWKHWDDQWDOJULGFHOOHQSHUVXE)*5ZDDULQHHQVRRUWYRRUNRPWLQ HQYRRUDOOHYOLQGHUVRRUWHQYRRUDOOHVXE)*5¶VEHUHNHQG+HWDDQWDO JHPRGHOOHHUGHYLQGSODDWVHQZRUGWSHUVXE)*5YHUJHOHNHQPHWKHWDDQWDOJHPRGHOOHHUGH YLQGSODDWVHQLQ JHFRUULJHHUGYRRUDUHDDOYHUDQGHULQJHQYDQQDWXXUJHELHGHQSHUVXE )*5

(211)  'HPLOLHXVWUHVV DIQDPHYDQKHWDDQWDOYLQGSODDWVHQYHUJHOHNHQPHWGDWLQ

(212) SHU EHJURHLLQJVW\SH ILJXXU]LH09WHNVW

(213) LVEHUHNHQGDOVKHWJHPLGGHOGHYDQGHVRRUWHQ EHKRUHQGHELMGDWEHJURHLLQJVW\SH ]LHELMODJH

(214) 'HERVHQKHLGHVRRUWHQ]LMQDOOHHQ EHUHNHQGYRRUGHKRJHUH]DQGJURQGHQGHGXLQVRRUWHQYRRUGHGXLQHQJUDVVRRUWHQ]LMQ EHUHNHQGYRRUKHHO1HGHUODQGEHKDOYHKHXYHOODQG(U]LMQRQJHYHHUVRRUWHQJHPRGHOOHHUG SHUEHJURHLLQJVW\SH'HDDQGHOHQYDQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHIDFWRUHQLQGHPLOLHXVWUHVV]LMQ EHUHNHQGRSGH]HOIGHZLM]HDOVELMWHUUHVWULVFKHYHJHWDWLH SDUDJUDDI

(215) 9RRUHHQ JHGHWDLOOHHUGHEHVFKULMYLQJYDQGHEHUHNHQLQJHQELMGDJYOLQGHUV]LHELMODJH 'HEHUHNHQGHPLOLHXVWUHVVELMGDJYOLQGHUVLVHHQRQGHUVFKDWWLQJRPGDWYRRUHHQDDQWDO VRRUWHQGLHVLQGV]LMQYHUGZHQHQRQYROGRHQGHZDDUQHPLQJHQEHNHQG]LMQRPYRRUGH]H VRRUWHQPRGHOOHQDIWHOHLGHQ%RYHQGLHQLVJHHQUHNHQLQJJHKRXGHQPHWYHUDQGHULQJHQLQGH YHJHWDWLHVWUXFWXXUGRRUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ]RDOVHHQYHUJUDVVLQJYDQKHLGH'H]HYHUDQGHULQJHQ NXQQHQRSGDJYOLQGHUV YRRUDOKHLGHYOLQGHUV

(216) ZHOLQYORHGKHEEHQ'HEHUHNHQGHDIQDPHLQ YRRUNRPHQYRRUGDJYOLQGHUVGRRUPLOLHXIDFWRUHQLVRQJHYHHUGHKHOIWYDQGHZDDUJHQRPHQ WRWDOHDIQDPHLQYRRUNRPHQ =RRJGLHUHQUHSWLHOHQDPILELHsQYRJHOV 'HWRWDOHVWUHVVELMYRJHOV]RRJGLHUHQDPILELHsQHQUHSWLHOHQLVEHUHNHQGXLWVHPL NZDQWLWDWLHYHLQVFKDWWLQJHQYDQKHWYRRUNRPHQYDQGH]HVRRUWJURHSHQYRRUHQ GRRUH[SHUWV %LMODJH%URHNPH\HUHWDO

(217) 'HLQVFKDWWLQJYDQKHWYRRUNRPHQ LQLVJHPDDNWRSEDVLVYDQJHPRGHOOHHUGHGDWDYDQQXWULsQWHQEHVFKLNEDDUKHLG 1

(218)  ]XXUJUDDGYDQGHERGHP S+

(219) JHPLGGHOGHYRRUMDDUVJURQGZDWHUVWDQG *9*

(220) HQ&RPEL3$) ]ZDUHPHWDOHQ VFKDWWLQJHQYROJHQVKHW(&VFHQDULR

(221)  7HYHQV]LMQGHUHODWLHYHDDQGHOHQYDQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHIDFWRUHQLQGHWRWDOHVWUHVVLQJHVFKDW 'HFRPELQDWLHJHHIWGHPLOLHXVWUHVVHQGHDDQGHOHQYDQGHPLOLHXIDFWRUHQ.

(222) SDJYDQ. 5,90UDSSRUW. 0HWKRGLHN 'HEHRRUGHOLQJVPHWKRGLHNYRRUKHWLQVFKDWWHQYDQPLOLHXHIIHFWHQRSGHQDWXXUNZDOLWHLWLVDOV YROJWXLWJHYRHUG œ 9RRUHONHVRRUWJURHSEHJURHLLQJW\SHFRPELQDWLHLVHHQOLMVWNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQ RSJHVWHOG DDQWDOVRRUWHQ

(223)  œ +HWYRRUNRPHQYDQGH]HNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQLQGHKXLGLJHVLWXDWLH 

(224) HQWRY GHUHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLH 

(225) LVLQJHVFKDW'DDUQDLVKHWJHPLGGHOGYRRUNRPHQWRYGH UHIHUHQWLHVLWXDWLHYRRUGH]HVRRUWJURHSEHSDDOG œ ,QVFKDWWLQJYDQGHYHUKRXGLQJPLOLHXVWUHVVRYHULJHVWUHVV KXLGLJHQ

(226) HQGHUHODWLHYH DDQGHOHQPLOLHXWKHPD¶VELQQHQGHPLOLHXVWUHVV œ %HUHNHQLQJPLOLHXVWUHVVHQDDQGHOHQYDQGHPLOLHXWKHPD¶VKLHULQ YRRUKXLGLJHQ

(227)  8LWJDQJVSXQWHQ %LMGHLQVFKDWWLQJYDQKHWKXLGLJYRRUNRPHQLVGHDUHDDODIQDPHWXVVHQHQQLHW PHHJHQRPHQKHWJDDWGXVRPGHDFKWHUXLWJDQJYDQVRRUWHQELQQHQHHQYDVWVWDDQGDUHDDO %LMGHLQVFKDWWLQJYDQYRRUNRPHQLQLVHUYDQXLWJHJDDQGDWGHRYHULJHGUXNIDFWRUHQ UXLPWHGUXNHQEHKHHU

(228) JHOLMNEOLMYHQ9HUDQGHULQJHQLQYRRUNRPHQLQGHWRHNRPVW]LMQGXV DOOHHQKHWJHYROJYDQYHUDQGHULQJHQLQPLOLHXGUXN 'HHIIHFWHQYDQPLOLHXGUXN]LMQDSDUWEHRRUGHHOGZDDUELMGHDDQQDPHZDVGDWHUJHHQ LQWHUDFWLHLVWXVVHQGHYHUVFKLOOHQGHPLOLHXWKHPD¶V 'HVRRUWHQZDDUYRRUGHPLOLHXVWUHVVLQJHVFKDWLV]LMQNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQYDQHHQ HFRV\VWHHPW\SH]LMQHQQLHWVSHFLDDOJHYRHOLJHRI]HOG]DPHVRRUWHQRIGRHOVRRUWHQYDQKHW QDWXXUEHOHLG'RRUWHNLH]HQYRRUNHQPHUNHQGHVRRUWHQ LQDDQVOXLWLQJRSGHPHWKRGLHNYDQ GHJUDDGPHWHUV7HQ%ULQNHWDO

Referenties

GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN

Parental involvement in this study is therefore, viewed in terms of parent, family and community partnerships with the school and according to Epstein and

Verspreiding van Grote Mantelmeeuw tijdens de survey op de Bruine Bank 23-26 januari 2017.. Weergegeven zijn de gemiddelde aantallen

De oorzaak hiervan moet worden gezocht in het verschil in Nmin-vorm in de bodem, die op 17 mei bij de ontsmette objec- ten voor 90% (bij rundveedrijfmest) en 84% (bij

De komst van de WMO kan en moet betekenen dat de ondersteuning van mensen met een beperking bij de maatschappelijke participatie nieuwe kansen krijgt. De gemeente is straks

The article consists of the following parts: introductory remarks on the value of reader-response theory for the interpretation of apocryphal texts; a short overview

IDF Instituto de Investigação Florestal (Institute for Forestry Development) 林业发展研究所 IFI International Financial Intuition 国际金融研究所.. IGAD

Afval voor verbranding (biogene fractie) 35 Hout voor houtkachels bij huishoudens 35 Biomassa voor bij- en meestook 36 Biomassa voor de productie van biogas 36 Hout voor

Intravitreale geneesmiddelen: éénmalige dosis [toedienen van een tweede dosis moet worden over- wogen indien er geen klinische verbetering wordt gezien na 48 tot 72 uur