Duurzame mobiliteit
KNAG Onderwijsdag / Almere / 7 Nov 2014
Dr. ir. W.G.Z. Tan (Wendy)
Assistant Professor Infrastructure and Transportation Planning
w.g.z.tan@rug.nl | @wendytangz
Mentimeter: How to?
•
Pak je smartphone/tablet/laptop
•
Open je browser
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Ga naar www.govote.at
•
Vul de gegeven code in
Prof. David Banister
“...transport planning is at a crisis point and that it
underestimates the key challenges facing urban
planners...”
Wat zijn de grootste uitdagingen
voor steden in de toekomst?
Percentage Urban
0-20%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
80-100%
City Population
1-5 million
5-10 million
10 million or more
Note: Designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Percentage Urban
0-20%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
80-100%
City Population
1-5 million
5-10 million
10 million or more
Note: Designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Percentage Urban
0-20%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
80-100%
City Population
1-5 million
5-10 million
10 million or more
Note: Designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Percentage Urban
0-20%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
80-100%
City Population
1-5 million
5-10 million
10 million or more
Note: Designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Ingredienten
•
Technologische innovaties
•
Gedragsveranderingen
•
Actuele kosten reflecteren
•
Persoonlijke (Individuele)
informatie
•
Samenhang met
ruimtelijke ordening
Prof. David Banister
“Sustainable mobility provides an alternative paradigm
within which to investigate the complexity of cities, and
to strengthen the links between land use and transport.”
Traditionele verkeers- en
vervoersplanning
•
Infrastructuur aanleggen is essentieel voor
economische ontwikkeling
•
Afzonderlijke sector van ruimtelijke
ordening (RO)
•
Taal/Begrippen/Aanpak - anders
•
‘Predict and provide’ verhalen
•
Wederopbouw
•
Nederland Transportland
•
Verbreding A2 goed voor werk, mobiliteit
en leefbaarheid - nieuws.nl
Key differences
27
Engineering perspective: Solving a problem
Planning, Design perspective: How do we make it better?
Physical dimensions
Social dimensions
Mobility
Accessibility
Traffic focus, particularly on the car
People focus, either in (or on) a vehicle or on foot
Large in scale
Local in scale
Street as a road
Street as a space
Motorized transport
Multi-modal - pedestrian oriented
Traffic forecasting
Visioning on cities
Modelling
Scenario development and modelling
Economic evaluation
Multi-criteria analysis (environmental and social concerns)
Travel as a derived demand
Travel as a valued activity as well as a derived demand
Demand based
Management based
Speeding up traffic
Slowing movement down
Travel time minimisation
Reasonable travel times and travel time reliability
Segregation (People/Traffic)
Integration of people and traffic
Een andere kijk:
Duurzame mobiliteit
•
Duurzaamheid - economische, ecologische
en sociale aspecten
•
Focus op kansen:
•
Waar liggen de potentiele
arbeidsplaatsen?
•
Welke voorzieningen kan ik bereiken?
•
‘People and places’ verhalen
•
Bereikbaarheid
•
Leefbaarheid
•
Beter Benutten
•
Knooppuntontwikkeling
Is het makkelijk om duurzame
mobiliteit toe te passen?
Prof. David Banister
“Sustainable mobility provides an alternative paradigm
within which to investigate the complexity of cities, and
to strengthen the links between land use and transport.”
Verkeers- en
vervoerssysteem
(netwerken)
Grondgebruik
(locaties)
Bereikbaarheid
Activiteiten
Socio-demografische, economische en culturele factoren Infrastructuurinvesteringen Mobiliteitsbeleid Regionale vraag Beschikbaarheid grond Attractiviteit locatie Omgevingskenmerken Ruimtelijk beleid direct snel langzaam langzaam snelDilemmas van planologie van
mobiliteit (Bertolini, 2009)
1.
Spanning tussen de
afhankelijkheid van mobiliteit
(essentiële voorwaarde voor
sociale emancipatie en
economische ontwikkeling) en
de negatieve effecten daarvan.
2.
De actieruimtes van mobiele
huishoudens en bedrijven zijn
niet gebonden aan eenduidige
territoriale grenzen, terwijl dat
voor beleidsarena’s meestal wel
het geval is.
Samenhang van ruimte en
mobiliteit
“
if you plan cities for cars and
traffic, you get cars and traffic.
If you plan for people and
places, you get people and
places.”
- Placemaking
Hoe nu verder?
Stand van zaken
Trends
We (NL) zijn al goed op weg om
duurzame mobiliteit te behalen.
mode share
Amsterdam
Almere
Londen
Parijs
Berlijn
Kopenhagen
New York
Shanghai
Singapore
0
25
50
75
100
22
27
15
25
30
47
20
16
20
1
20
1
31
13
3
3
20
22
44
33
55
15
26
33
37
13
20
33
20
29
29
31
17
40
52
38
Economic
Envir
onment
Social
Sustainable urban
mobility:
Holistic approaches to
integrating land use
and multi-modal
transportation planning
with societal challenges
Smart Cities
Economy
People
Governance
Mobility
Environment
Living
Committee of Digital and Knowledge-Based Cities (2012) SMART CITIES STUDY: International study on the situation of ICT, innovation and Knowledge in cities. mobilityplans.eu. UN HABITAT, U.N.H.S.P. (2013) Planning and Design for Sustainable Urban Mobility: Global Report on Human Settlements 2013. Routledge.
