Full survey in English - To panic, or not to panic

Appendices

Appendix 2 Full survey in English

Psychedelics Survey English Survey Flow

Block: Introduction (1 Question) Standard: Demographics (7 Questions) Standard: Attitudes (2 Questions)

Standard: Experience & Opinions about Psychedelics (10 Questions) BlockRandomizer: 1 - Evenly Present Elements

Standard: Control condition - ABSENT (1) (2 Questions) Standard: Treatment - CONCERN (2) (2 Questions) Standard: Treatment - HOSTILITY (3) (2 Questions) Standard: Treatment - CONSENSUS (4) (2 Questions)

Standard: Treatment - DISPROPORTIONALITY (5) (2 Questions) Standard: DV1: Character Evaluation (2 Questions)

Standard: DV2: Electoral Support (2 Questions) Standard: Manipulation Check (2 Questions) Standard: Debrief (2 Questions)

Page Break

55 Start of Block: Introduction

Introduction Q1 Dear participant,

Welcome, and thank you in advance for your time!

In the following questionnaire, we will ask your opinion about political issues to be able to better understand the relationship between citizens and politicians. We will also ask you some questions related to your profile, including your personal preferences and character, which will help us to interpret the results. This questionnaire takes about 10 minutes to complete.

This project, conducted under the supervision of Dr. Rachid Azrout, does not involve any personal inconvenience for the participants. It is important to note that the questionnaire is fully anonymous. We will not be able to identify the participants, so you should be free to answer according to your opinions and beliefs. Under absolutely no circumstances will the results of this research be shared with governmental institutions. We will only use the answers gathered for academic research, and under no circumstances your data will be transmitted to other parties or used for commercial purposes.

Participation is always voluntary, and all participants can refuse to participate in the research and can pull out at any time. Please note that you have up to 7 days after completion of the survey to withdraw your permission for the use of your data in the research.

This project meets the ethical standards of the Research Ethics Board of the University of

Amsterdam. Please contact the Ethics committee for any complaint or questions about the study:

ASCoR Secretariat Ethics Committee

University of Amsterdam

PO Box 15793 1001 NG Amsterdam Tel: +31.20.525.3680

Email: ascor-secr-fmg@uva.nl

If you have any questions about the study, you can contact Mathilde Kamer (mathilde.kamer@student.uva.nl) or Dr. Rachid Azrout (r.azrout@uva.nl).

Thank you in advance!

Consent

By clicking NEXT, I confirm that I have read the information above and understand the nature of this research.

By clicking NEXT, I freely consent to participate in this research. I know that I can withdraw at any time without prejudice and without having to justify my decision.

o

NEXT (1)

End of Block: Introduction

56 Start of Block: Demographics

Q1 What is your year of birth?

________________________________________________________________

Q2 How would you describe your gender?

o

Male (1)

o

Female (2)

o

Non-binary (3)

o

Genderfluid (4)

o

Prefer to self-describe (5) ________________________________________________

o

Prefer not to say (6)

Q3 In which country do you currently reside?

▼ Afghanistan (1) ... Zimbabwe (1357)

Display This Question:

If List of Countries = United States of America

state In which state do you currently reside?

▼ Alabama (1) ... I do not reside in the United States (53)

Page Break

57 Q15 What is your ethnic/racial background? Choose the option that best represents you.

o

White or European origin (1)

o

Black, African, African American or Afro-Caribbean origin (2)

o

Asian (origins in East, Southeast or Central Asia) (3)

o

South Asia (origins in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, or Sri-Lanka) (4)

o

West Asian, Arab, or Middle Eastern (origins in Armenia, Afghanistan, Iran, the Middle East or Northern Africa) (5)

o

Polynesian/Pacific Islander (origins in Hawai'i, Polynesia, or other Pacific Islands) (6)

o

Indigenous to the Northern Americas (Native American, American Indian, Alaskan) (7)

o

Hispanic/Latino (origins in Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central or South America) (8)

o

Mixed ethnic/racial origin (9)

o

Other: (11) ________________________________________________

o

Prefer not to answer (10)

Q3 What is the highest level of education you have received (whether you graduated or not)? If you are still in education, please select the education you are currently receiving.

o

No schooling (1)

o

Elementary School (2)

o

High School (3)

o

Vocational, technical, or professional training/degree (4)

o

University (graduated with a degree) (5)

o

Some graduate school (attended or graduated from a masters, doctoral, legal, medical or similar program) (6)

o

Other (7) ________________________________________________

o

Prefer not to answer (8)

58 Page Break

Q17 What is your religion?

o

Christian (Catholic, Protestant, or any other Christian denominations) (4)

o

Jewish (5)

o

Muslim (6)

o

Buddhist (7)

o

Hindu (8)

o

Sikh (9)

o

No religion (1)

o

Agnostic (2)

o

Atheist (3)

o

Other: (10) ________________________________________________

End of Block: Demographics Start of Block: Attitudes

Q18 Generally speaking, how interested are you usually in what is going on in politics?

Not at all interested Very interested

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

I am... ()

Page Break

Q19 Political ideology is usually defined on the left–right spectrum, with left-leaning ideas classified as liberalism and right-leaning ideas classified as conservatism. Those who hold beliefs between liberalism and conservatism or a mix of beliefs on this scale are called moderates. “0”

stands for someone that is positioned fully on the “left”, “10” for someone that is positioned fully on the “right”.

59 When you think of your own position, where would you place yourself on this scale?

Left Moderate Right

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 My position ()

End of Block: Attitudes

Start of Block: Experience & Opinions about Psychedelics

Q21 In this section, we would like to ask you some questions about your experiences with classic psychedelics. The term classic psychedelics refers to four different psycho-active drugs:

1. LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide)

2. Psilocybin (the active compound found in Magic Mushrooms, also known as "shrooms") 3. Ayahuasca, also known as DMT

4. Mescaline

We would like to remind you that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

During your lifetime, have you ever consumed any of these substances?

o

No, never (1)

o

Yes, only once (2)

o

Yes, only occasionally (10)

o

Yes, frequently (3) Page Break

Display This Question:

If In this section, we would like to ask you some questions about your experiences with classic psyc... != No, never

Q22 Which substance(s) have you used? Please check all that apply.

Please be reminded once more that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be

60 persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

▢

^{LSD (1)}

▢

Psilocybin (2)

▢

Ayahuasca/DMT (3)

▢

Mescaline (4)

▢

I don't remember (5) Page Break

Display This Question:

If Which substance(s) have you used? Please check all that apply. Please be reminded once more that... = LSD

Q26 We would like to remind you again that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

Generally speaking, how often have you consumed LSD?

o

Once only (1)

o

2-5 times (2)

o

6-10 times (3)

o

11-15 times (4)

o

16-25 times (5)

o

25-50 times (6)

o

51-100 times (7)

o

> 100 times (8) Page Break

Display This Question:

If Which substance(s) have you used? Please check all that apply. Please be reminded once more that... = Psilocybin

Q23 We would like to remind you again that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

Generally speaking, how often have you consumed psilocybin? This can be in any form (e.g.

hallucinogenic mushrooms, capsules, tea).

o

Once only (1)

o

2-5 times (2)

o

6-10 times (3)

o

11-15 times (4)

o

16-25 times (5)

o

25-50 times (6)

o

51-100 times (7)

o

> 100 times (8) Page Break

Display This Question:

If Which substance(s) have you used? Please check all that apply. Please be reminded once more that... = Ayahuasca/DMT

Q25 We would like to remind you again that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

62 Generally speaking, how often have you consumed ayahuasca/DMT?

o

Once only (1)

o

2-5 times (2)

o

6-10 times (3)

o

11-15 times (4)

o

16-25 times (5)

o

25-50 times (6)

o

51-100 times (7)

o

> 100 times (8) Page Break

Display This Question:

If Which substance(s) have you used? Please check all that apply. Please be reminded once more that... = Mescaline

Q24 We would like to remind you again that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

63 Generally speaking, how often have you consumed mescaline?

o

Once only (1)

o

2-5 times (2)

o

6-10 times (3)

o

11-15 times (4)

o

16-25 times (5)

o

25-50 times (6)

o

51-100 times (7)

o

> 100 times (8) Page Break

Display This Question:

If In this section, we would like to ask you some questions about your experiences with classic psyc... != No, never

Q27 Now we would like to understand your psychedelic experience a bit better. Please rate the following statements, with 0 meaning "No, not more than usually," and 10 meaning "Yes, entirely or completely". When you do this, please keep your most intense psychedelic experience in mind.

64 No, not more than

usually

Yes, entirely or completely 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I experienced a dissolution of my 'self' or

ego () I felt at one with the universe () I felt a sense of union with others () I experienced a decrease in my sense of

self-importance () I experienced a disintegration of my 'self' or ego () I felt far less absorbed by my own issues and concerns () I lost all sense of ego () All notion of self and identity dissolved away ()

Page Break

Display This Question:

If In this section, we would like to ask you some questions about your experiences with classic psyc... != No, never

Q28 Do you believe that the experience, and your contemplation of that experience, have led to a change in your current sense of personal well-being or life satisfaction? The value -3 stands for

"decreased very much", the value 3 stands for "increased very much".

Decreased very much Increased very much

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

After my experience, my current sense of personal well-being or life satisfaction... ()

Page Break

Display This Question:

If In this section, we would like to ask you some questions about your experiences with classic psyc... = No, never

Q29 We would like to remind you that the results of this survey are fully anonymous and will never be shared with governmental or law enforcement agencies. You cannot, and will not, be persecuted for the answers you give in this survey.

Do you ever see yourself consuming any of the psychedelic substances mentioned above (LSD, psilocybin, DMT/ayahuasca, mescaline) at one point in your life?

o

Definitely not (8)

o

Probably not (9)

o

Might or might not (10)

o

Probably yes (11)

o

Definitely yes (12) Page Break

66 Q30 Please indicate whether your attitudes towards the following are negative, positive, or

somewhere in between.

Very negativ

e (1)

Negativ e (2)

Somewha t negative

(3)

Neutra l (4)

Somewha t positive

(5)

Positiv e (6)

Very positiv e (7) Your own

attitude towards classic psychedelics

(LSD, psilocybin, DMT/ayahuasca

, mescaline) (1)

o o o o o o o

Your own attitude towards

medical use of classic psychedelics (2)

o o o o o o o

Your own attitude towards recreational use

of classic psychedelics (3)

o o o o o o o

End of Block: Experience & Opinions about Psychedelics Start of Block: Control condition - ABSENT (1)

Q37 You are about to watch a topical campaign clip from a politician named Robert Smith. The topic of this clip is the potential usage of psychedelics in healthcare.

Please watch this clip carefully. After about a minute, when the clip is finished, a button will appear that will allow you to progress to the next section of this survey. There, you will be asked a couple of questions about the clip you just watched.

Q46 Timing First Click (1) Last Click (2) Page Submit (3) Click Count (4)

67 End of Block: Control condition - ABSENT (1)

Start of Block: Treatment - CONCERN (2)

Q38 You are about to watch a topical campaign clip from a politician named Robert Smith. The topic of this clip is the potential usage of psychedelics in healthcare.

Q45 Timing First Click (1) Last Click (2) Page Submit (3) Click Count (4)

End of Block: Treatment - CONCERN (2) Start of Block: Treatment - HOSTILITY (3)

Q39 You are about to watch a topical campaign clip from a politician named Robert Smith. The topic of this clip is the potential usage of psychedelics in healthcare.

Q44 Timing First Click (1) Last Click (2) Page Submit (3) Click Count (4)

End of Block: Treatment - HOSTILITY (3) Start of Block: Treatment - CONSENSUS (4)

68 Q40 You are about to watch a topical campaign clip from a politician named Robert Smith. The topic of this clip is the potential usage of psychedelics in healthcare.

Please watch this clip carefully. After a little over a minute, when the clip is finished, a button will appear that will allow you to progress to the next section of this survey. There, you will be asked a couple of questions about the clip you just watched.

Q43 Timing First Click (1) Last Click (2) Page Submit (3) Click Count (4)

End of Block: Treatment - CONSENSUS (4)

Start of Block: Treatment - DISPROPORTIONALITY (5)

Q51 You are about to watch a topical campaign clip from a politician named Robert Smith. The topic of this clip is the potential usage of psychedelics in healthcare.

Please watch this clip carefully. After about a minute and a half, when the clip is finished, a button will appear that will allow you to progress to the next section of this survey. There, you will be asked a couple of questions about the clip you just watched.

Q42 Timing First Click (1) Last Click (2) Page Submit (3) Click Count (4)

End of Block: Treatment - DISPROPORTIONALITY (5)

Start of Block: DV1: Character Evaluation

Q34 In the following question we would like you to evaluate Robert Smith on some

characteristics. Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each statement.

69 I think Robert Smith is...

Strongly disagree

(1)

Disagree (2)

Somewhat disagree

(3)

Neither agree

nor disagree

(4)

Somewhat agree (5)

Agree (6)

Strongly agree (7)

Competent (1)

o o o o o o o

Knowledgeable

(2)

o o o o o o o

A strong leader

(3)

o o o o o o o

Decisive (4)

o o o o o o o

Honest (5)

o o o o o o o

Trustworthy

(6)

o o o o o o o

Likeable (7)

o o o o o o o

Q52 I think Robert Smith...

Strongly disagree

(6)

Disagree (7)

Somewhat disagree

(8)

Neither agree

nor disagree

(9)

Somewhat

agree (10) Agree (11)

Strongly agree

(12) Represents

my interests

(1)

o o o o o o o

End of Block: DV1: Character Evaluation Start of Block: DV2: Electoral Support

70 Q33 To what extent do you agree or disagree with allowing classic psychedelics to enter the national healthcare system of your country?

o

Strongly agree (1)

o

Agree (2)

o

Somewhat agree (3)

o

Neither agree nor disagree (4)

o

Somewhat disagree (5)

o

Disagree (6)

o

Strongly disagree (7)

Q35 How likely are you, given the chance, to ever vote for Robert Smith?

Extremely unlikely Extremely likely

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

A vote for this candidate is... ()

End of Block: DV2: Electoral Support Start of Block: Manipulation Check

Q31 To what extent was Robert Smith concerned about the potential use of classic psychedelics in the national healthcare system?

Not concerned

at all Reasonably

concerned Extremely concerned

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Robert Smith was... ()

Page Break

71 Q32 To what extent was what Robert Smith said cause for panic?

No cause for

panic Some cause for

panic Definitely cause for panic

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

There is... ()

End of Block: Manipulation Check Start of Block: Debrief

Debrief Comment Dear respondent, you have reached the end of this questionnaire. Thank you for your time. Please read this text carefully.

The clip you just saw is not real. I am a student who is researching the impact of moral panics on voting behavior at the University of Amsterdam. In this survey, you have been exposed to an experiment in which I created the video footage you have seen. This video is in no way a product of an existing political candidate. The political candidate you saw was completely fictional. I have created the clip in terms of the voice-over, content and audio. Based on the video you were shown, you were asked various questions related to your assessment of the (fictional) candidate, your opinion towards classic psychedelics and your voting intentions after watching the clip.

There are five videos contained in this experiment, one of which was randomly assigned to you.

I want to stress that the information provided to you in this campaign was completely fictional.

Any mentioned statistics or numbers were fabricated and not based on truth. I am not affiliated with any electoral political campaigns in the United States, The Netherlands, or anywhere else.

As mentioned before completing the survey, your answers and information that you have provided will be kept strictly anonymous while it will be stored in accordance with GDPR regulations. The data collected will be used for purely academic purposes and academic purposes only. In no way, shape or form will the results or data of this study be shared with governmental institutions. You reserve the right to withdraw consent for your data to be used in our data collection at any time.

I would like to ask you to not share the true purpose of this study with anyone that you forward this survey to. This will negatively impact the results of this study. I appreciate your discretion.

If you want to know more about the topics that were mentioned in this survey, please follow the provided links below:

United States’ Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) information about classic psychedelics:

https://www.dea.gov/taxonomy/term/321

Information on psychedelics and psychiatry: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00187-9

72 Information on current state laws concerning psychedelics in The United States:

https://psilocybinalpha.com/data/psychedelic-laws

Once again, I would like to share the contact information of the Research Ethics Board of the University of Amsterdam. Please contact the Ethics committee for any complaint or questions about the study:

ASCoR Secretariat Ethics Committee University of Amsterdam PO Box 15793

1001 NG Amsterdam Tel: +31.20.525.3680

Email: ascor-secr-fmg@uva.nl

Is there anything you would like to communicate? If so, please leave your comments in the box below. You are also welcome to contact the supervisor of this research at r.azrout@uva.nl.

________________________________________________________________

Debrief Email If you are interested in reading the results of this study, please leave your email address below.

Your email address will only be used for the purpose of sending you the results in the beginning of July, 2022, and will be separated from the answers you give in this survey. Your email address will not be shared with anyone and will not be used to identify you and the answers you give in this survey.

Please note that it is completely voluntary and you can leave this question blank if you do not wish to receive the results of this study.

________________________________________________________________

End of Block: Debrief

73 Appendix 3

Robustness checks for LECP: the effect of control vs manipulation (binary IV) on electoral support Table 10

Output of multivariate regression analysis, with and without LECP as a moderator

Model 1: Moral panic cue Model 2: LECP

(Constant) 5.946*** 4.853***

(.152) (.269)

Moral panic cue (no/yes) -3.291*** -1.941***

(.170) (.298)

LECP (no/yes) 1.594***

(.324)

LECP*Moral Panic cue -1.974***

(.361)

R² .254 .273

Note: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Table 11

Conditional effects on electoral support for groups based on lifetime experience

Effect Estimate SE 95% CI p

LL UL

No lifetime experience with classic psychedelics −1.941 .296 −2.527 −1.356 .000 Lifetime experience with classic psychedelics −3.916 .203 −4.1313 −3.518 .000

74 Figure 6

Visualization of effect of control versus manipulation, for respondents with and without LECP

Appendix 4

Robustness checks for age: the effect of control vs manipulation (binary IV) on electoral support Table 12

Output of multivariate regression analysis, with and without age and LECP as a moderator

Model 1: MP cue Model 2: Age

(Constant) 5.946*** 4.563***

(.152) (.555)

Moral panic cue (no/yes) -3.291*** -1.391*

(.170) (.621)

Age group: legacy 1.228*

(.590)

Legacy*Moral panic cue -2.029**

(.660)

Age group: renaissance 1.925**

(.609)

75 Model 1: MP cue Model 2: Age

Renaissance*Moral panic cue -2.145**

(.680) MP cue*LECP*Legacy

MP cue*LECP*Renaissance

R² .25 .27

Note: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Table 13

Conditional effects on electoral support for groups based on age groups

Effect Estimate SE 95% CI p

LL UL

Moral panic −1.391 .621 −2.609 −.172 .025

Legacy −3.420 .224 −3.859 −2.981 .000

Psychedelic renaissance −3.536 .278 −4.081 −2.990 .000

Figure 7

Visualization of effect of control versus manipulation, for different age groups

76 Appendix 5

Robustness checks for age*LECP: the effect of control vs manipulation (binary IV) on electoral support

Table 14

Output of multivariate regression analysis, with and without age and LECP as a moderator

Model 1: MP cue Model 2: Age Model 3:

Age*LECP

(Constant) 5.946*** 4.563*** 4.538***

(.152) (.555) (.609)

Moral panic cue (no/yes) -3.291*** -1.391* -1.323

(.170) (.621) (.682)

Age group: legacy 1.228* .429

(.590) (.726)

Legacy*Moral panic cue -2.029** -.855

(.660) (.811)

Age group: renaissance 1.925** .336

(.609) (.756)

Renaissance*Moral panic cue -2.145** -.634

(.680) (.843)

MP cue*LECP*Legacy -1.334

(1.644)

MP cue*LECP*Renaissance -1.936

(1.673)

R² .25 .27 .29

Note: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

In document To panic, or not to panic (pagina 55-78)