Cover Page
The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/38874 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.
Author: Martinez-Barbosa, Carmen Adriana
Title: Tracing the journey of the sun and the solar siblings through the Milky Way
Issue Date: 2016-04-13
Tracing the journey of the Sun and the Solar siblings through the Milky Way
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden
op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het college van decanen
in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 13 april 2016 klokke 13.45 uur
door
Carmen Adriana Martínez Barbosa
geboren op 25 augustus 1984 te Bogotá, Colombia
Promotor: Prof. dr. S.F. Portegies Zwart Copromotor: Dr. A.G.A. Brown
Overige Leden: Prof. dr. L. Kaper University of Amsterdam Prof. dr. C. Soubiran University of Bordeaux Dr. L. Jílková
Prof. dr. H.J.A. Röttgering Prof. dr. K.H. Kuijken
c
2016, Carmen Adriana Martínez Barbosa
Tracing the journey of the Sun and the Solar siblings through the Milky Way Thesis, Universiteit Leiden
Illustrated; with bibliographic information and Dutch summary ISBN: 978-94-028-0118-7
"The most important thing is to enjoy your life -to be happy- it’s all that matters”
Audrey Hepburn
Cover: Artistic impression of the Milky Way with one of the possible distributions of the Solar siblings at present.
Credit: Agustín Barbosa Rojas.
Contents
1. Introduction 1
1.1. The constituents of the Milky Way . . . 3
1.1.1. Orbital resonances . . . 5
1.2. Radial migration . . . 6
1.3. Star clusters . . . 10
1.4. The Solar System . . . 11
1.5. Numerical methods . . . 13
1.5.1. The amuse framework . . . 13
1.5.2. The bridge integrator . . . 14
1.6. About this thesis . . . 15
1.7. Future perspectives . . . 17
2. High-order hybrid N-body methods for compound systems 19 2.1. Introduction . . . 20
2.2. Method . . . 22
2.2.1. The Classic Bridge . . . 22
2.2.2. A High-Order Bridge . . . 25
2.2.3. Bridge in rotating frames . . . 27
2.2.4. Bridge with post-Newtonian Corrections . . . 35
2.3. Tests and Applications . . . 37
i
Contents
2.3.1. Implementation . . . 37
2.3.2. High Order Bridge . . . 38
2.3.3. Rotating bridge . . . 41
2.4. Discussion and Conclusions . . . 44
3. Radial Migration of the Sun in the Milky Way: a Statistical Study 47 3.1. Introduction . . . 48
3.2. Galactic model . . . 50
3.2.1. Central bar . . . 51
3.2.2. Spiral arms . . . 53
3.3. The Amuse framework . . . 56
3.4. Back-tracing the Sun’s orbit . . . 57
3.5. Results . . . 60
3.5.1. Radial migration of the Sun as a function of bar parameters 62 3.5.2. Radial migration of the Sun as a function of spiral arm parameters . . . 66
3.5.3. Radial migration of the Sun in the presence of the bar- spiral arm resonance overlap . . . 72
3.5.4. Radial migration of the Sun with higher values of its tan- gential velocity . . . 77
3.6. Discussion . . . 78
3.7. Summary and final remarks . . . 82
4. The evolution of the Sun’s birth cluster and the search for the solar siblings with Gaia 87 4.1. Introduction . . . 89
4.2. Simulation set-up . . . 91
4.2.1. Galactic model . . . 92
4.2.2. The Sun’s birth cluster . . . 97
4.2.3. Numerical simulations . . . 100
4.3. Disruption of the Sun’s birth cluster . . . 100
4.4. Current distribution of Solar siblings in the Milky Way . . . 103
4.5. The search for the solar siblings with Gaia . . . 107
ii
Contents
4.5.1. The solar siblings in the Gaia catalogue . . . 107
4.5.2. Selecting solar sibling candidates from the Gaia catalogue 112 4.6. Discussion . . . 115
4.6.1. Re-evaluation of existing solar sibling candidates . . . . 115
4.6.2. Applicability of the sibling selection criteria . . . 118
4.7. Summary . . . 119
5. The effect of Galactic stellar encounters on the outer edge of the Solar System’s parking zone 123 5.1. Introduction . . . 124
5.2. Galaxy model and the solar orbit . . . 128
5.2.1. Axisymmetric component . . . 128
5.2.2. Galactic bar . . . 131
5.2.3. Spiral arms . . . 131
5.2.4. Solar orbits . . . 132
5.3. Galactic stellar encounters . . . 134
5.4. The outer limit of the parking zone . . . 139
5.5. discussion . . . 141
5.6. Summary and conclusions . . . 142
Bibliography 145
Nederlandse Samenvatting 155
Resumen en Español 161
Curriculum vitæ 167
List of Publications 169
Acknowledgements 171
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