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The structure of flower visitation webs: how morphology and abundance affect interaction patterns between flowers and flower visitors

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The structure of flower visitation webs: how morphology and

abundance affect interaction patterns between flowers and flower

visitors

Stang, M.

Citation

Stang, M. (2007, October 30). The structure of flower visitation webs: how morphology and abundance affect interaction patterns between flowers and flower visitors. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12411

Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown)

License: Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden

Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12411

Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable).

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The sstructure oof fflower vvisitation w webs

How morphology and abundance affect interaction patterns

between flowers and flower visitors

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The structure of flower visitation webs: how morphology and abundance affect interaction patterns between flowers and flower visitors

THESIS LEIDEN UNIVERSITY

© 2007 Martina Stang

ISBN 978 90 6464 184 8

Cover design: Martin Brittijn & Martina Stang Figures cover: Vera Geluk & Kirsten Kaptein Photograph: Martina Stang

Lay-out: Jan Bruin (www.bred.nl)

Printed by Ponsen & Looijen, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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The sstructure oof fflower vvisitation w webs

How morphology and abundance affect interaction patterns

between flowers and flower visitors

PROEFSCHRIFT

ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden,

op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. P.F. van der Heijden, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties

te verdedigen op woensdag 31 oktober 2007 klokke 16.15 uur

door

Martina Stang

geboren te Greifswald, Duitsland in 1959

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Promotiecommissie

Promotor

Prof. Dr. E. van der Meijden

Co-promotor

Dr. P.G.L. Klinkhamer

Referent

Prof. Dr. N.M. Waser (University of California at Riverside, USA)

Overige leden

Prof. Dr. J.J.M. van Alphen Prof. Dr. P.J.J. Hooykaas

Dr. M.M. Kwak (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen)

Prof. Dr. E.F. Smets (Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden)

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Contents

CHAPTER 1 General introduction . . . .7

CHAPTER 2 Size constraints and flower abundance determine the number of interactions in a plant–flower visitor web . .17 CHAPTER 3 Asymmetric specialization and extinction risk in plant–flower visitor webs: a matter of morphology or abundance? . . . .43

CHAPTER 4 Morphological matching of flowers and flower visitors: the role of size thresholds and size distributions . . . .69

CHAPTER 5 General summary . . . .97

Nederlandse samenvatting . . . .101

Deutsche Zusammenfassung . . . .107

Acknowledgements . . . .113

Curriculum vitae . . . .117

Publications . . . .119

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