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University of Groningen

Impact evaluations, bias, and bias reduction

Eriksen, Steffen

IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.

Document Version

Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

Publication date: 2018

Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database

Citation for published version (APA):

Eriksen, S. (2018). Impact evaluations, bias, and bias reduction: Non-experimental methods, and their identification strategies. University of Groningen, SOM research school.

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Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.

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525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018

Processed on: 19-10-2018 PDF page: 1PDF page: 1PDF page: 1PDF page: 1

Impact Evaluations, Bias,

and Bias Reduction

Non-experimental methods, and their identification strategies

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525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018

Processed on: 19-10-2018 PDF page: 2PDF page: 2PDF page: 2PDF page: 2 Publisher: University of Groningen, The Netherlands

Printed by: Ipskamp Printing B.V.

ISBN: 978-94-034-1066-1 (printed version) / 978-94-034-1065-4 (electronic version) © 2018 Steffen Eriksen

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying or recording without prior written permission of the publisher.

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525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen 525243-L-bw-Eriksen Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018 Processed on: 19-10-2018

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Impact Evaluations, Bias,

and Bias Reduction

Non-experimental methods, and their identification strategies

PhD Thesis

to obtain the degree of PHD at the University of Groningen

on the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. E. Sterken

and in accordance with the decision by the College of Deans. This thesis will be defended in public on

Thursday 29 November at 12:45 hours by

Steffen Steffensen Halkjær Eriksen

born on 1 November 1989 in Odense, Denmark

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Supervisor Prof. B.W. Lensink Co-supervisor Dr. F. Checchi Assessment Committee Prof. R.J.M. Alessie Prof. R. Ruben Prof. C. Adjasi

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Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 Do Healthcare Financing Reforms Reduce Total Healthcare 15

Expenditures?

Chapter 3 The Impact of Microcredit 49

Chapter 4 Measuring the Impact of an Ongoing Microcredit Project 117

Chapter 5 Social Desirability, Opportunism, and Actual Support for Farmers’ 133

Market Organizations in Ethiopia

Chapter 6 Conclusion 153

References 161

Summary (English) 181

Samenvatting (Dutch) 183

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