e l e m e n t s
v0.3 2019/10/14
properties of chemical elements Clemens Niederberger
https://github.com/cgnieder/elements
contact@mychemistry.eu
This package provides means for retrieving properties of chemical el- ements like atomic number, element symbol, element name, electron distribution or isotope number. Properties are defined for the elements up to the atomic number 118.
This package is a spin-off of the package bohr [Nie15] by the same author.
Table of Contents
1 Licence and Requirements 1
2 Element Names 1
3 Element Symbols 2
4 Atomic Numbers 2
5 Electron Configuration 3
6 Isotope Lists 4
7 Supported Languages 5
Element Properties 5
References 11
Index 11
1 Licence and Requirements
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this software under the terms of the L
ATEX
Project Public License ( lppl), version 1.3 or later (
http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt).
The software has the status “maintained.”
elements
loads the packages etoolbox [Leh19] and translations [Nie17].
2 Element Names
\elementname{
hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
}Prints the element name of a given element as defined with .
3 Element Symbols
\setatomname[
halt. namei
]{hatomic numberi
}{helement namei
}Define or redefine the name of an element. If h element name i contains non-ascii symbols
the optional argument h alt. namei must be given. In this case h alt. namei must be used in
elements’ other macros where an element’s name can be given as argument.
\DeclareAtomName[
halt. namei
]{hatomic numberi
}{helement namei
}This is the same as
\setatomnamebut used before begin document or in packages/classes.
\saveelementname{
hcsi
}{hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Saves the name of the given element as replacement text for the macro h csi .
1 \elementname{Cu} \par
2 \elementname{11} \par
3 \saveelementname\foo{28}
4 \ttfamily\meaning\foo
Copper Sodium
macro:->Nickel
3 Element Symbols
\elementsymbol{
hatomic numberi
|helement namei
}Prints the element symbol of a given element as defined with
\setatomsymbol.
\setatomsymbol{
hatomic numberi
}{helement symboli
}Define or redefine the symbol of an element.
\DeclareAtomSymbol{
hatomic numberi
}{helement symboli
}This is the same as
\setatomsymbolbut used before begin document or in packages/classes.
\saveelementsymbol{
hcsi
}{hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Saves the symbol of the given element as replacement text for the macro h csi .
1 \elementsymbol{13} \par
2 \elementsymbol{Sulfur} \par
3 \saveelementsymbol\foo{83}
4 \ttfamily\meaning\foo
Al S
macro:->Bi
4 Atomic Numbers
\atomicnumber{
h element symbol i
|h element name i
}Prints the atomic number of a given element.
5 Electron Configuration
\Z{
helement symboli
|helement namei
}An alias of
\atomicnumberbut only defined at begin document and only if it isn’t defined
already.
\saveatomicnumber{
h cs i
}{h atomic number i
|h element symbol i
|h element name i
}Saves the atomic number of the given element as replacement text for the macro h csi .
1 \atomicnumber{U} \par
2 \atomicnumber{Chlorine} \par
3 \saveatomicnumber\foo{Kr}
4 \ttfamily\meaning\foo
92 17
macro:->36
5 Electron Configuration
\elconf{
hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Typesets the electron configuration of the given element.
\writeelconf{
h electron distribution i
}Typesets the electron distribution h electron distributioni . The input is the same as described
below for
\setelectrondistribution.
\setelectrondistribution{
hatomic numberi
}{helectron distributioni
}This set the electron distribution associated with the atom number h atomic numberi . h electron
distributioni is a comma-separated list of the number of electrons placed on each shell from
inner to outer shell. For example
\setelectrondistribution{3}{2,0,1}would be an excited
Lithium. The number of electrons with the same principal quantum number but a different
angular quantum number are separated with a
+ordered by the angular quantum number, i. e.,
first s, then p, then d, and then f . Copper’s distribution would be declared like this:
\setelectrondistribution{29}{2,2+6,2+6+10,1}
.
A declaration with
\setelectrondistribution{29}{2,8,18,1}would work but then
\elconf{29}
would give the wrong results.
\DeclareElectronDistribution
This is the same as
\setelectrondistributionbut used before begin document or in pack-
ages/classes.
\printangularmomentum{
hangular momentumi
}Introduced in version 0.1e
This command is used be
\elconfand
\writeelconffor typesetting s, p, d, ... You can redefine
it if you want to change how those functions are typeset (keeping in mind that it will be used in math mode). The initial definition is:
\newcommand*\printangularmomentum[1]{\mathrm{#1}}
6 Isotope Lists
1 \writeelconf{2,2+6,2+6+7} \par
2 \elconf{Cl}
1 s
22 s
22 p
63 s
23 p
63 d
71 s
22 s
22 p
63 s
23 p
5There is currently no way to get the electron configuration in the shortened way (e. g.:
[Ar]d
104 s
1).
6 Isotope Lists
\setatomisotopes{
hatomic numberi
}{hisotope listi
}Defines or redefines the isotope list for a given element. h isotope listi should be a comma
seperated list of integers. One of the integers may be preceded with a
!to mark the main
isotope for the given element:
\setatomisotopes{6}{10,11,!12,13,14,15,16}\DeclareAtomIsotopes{
hatomic numberi
}{hisotope listi
}This is the same as
\setatomisotopesbut used before begin document or in packages/classes.
\saveelementisotopes{
hcsi
}{hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Saves the isotope list of the given element as replacement text for the macro h csi .
\savemainelementisotope{
hcsi
}{hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Saves the main isotope of the given element as replacement text for the macro h csi . If the isotope
list of the element contains no main isotope hcs i will be equivalent to
\@empty.
\mainelementisotope{
hatomic numberi
|helement symboli
|helement namei
}Introduced in version 0.1d
the main isotope of the given element. If the isotope list of the element contains no main isotope nothing will be printed.
1 \ttfamily
2 \saveelementisotopes\foo{C}
3 \meaning\foo\par
4 \savemainelementisotope\foo{C}
5 \meaning\foo\par
6 \normalfont
7 \mainelementisotope{C}
macro:->10,11,!12,13,14,15,16 macro:->12
12
7 Supported Languages
7 Supported Languages
Currently the following languages are supported:
• English
• German
• French
•
Introduced in version 0.2
Spanish
•
Introduced in version 0.3
Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese
Element Properties
On the following pages a table containing the properties known to
elementsis printed. For
those interested: the code used to get the table is as follows (using the packages lscape [Car00],
longtable [Car19] and booktabs [Fea16]).
1 \setlength\LTleft\fill
2 \setlength\LTright\fill
3 \newcounter{element}
4 \setcounter{element}{1}
5 \begin{landscape}
6 \begin{longtable}{lllll}
7 \toprule
8 Number & Symbol & Name & Main Isotope & Electron Configuration \\
9 \midrule
10 \endhead
11 \whileboolexpr{test{\ifnumless{\value{element}}{119}}}
12 {
13 \theelement &
14 \elementsymbol{\arabic{element}} &
15 \elementname{\arabic{element}} &
16 \mainelementisotope{\arabic{element}} &
17 \elconf{\arabic{element}}
18 \stepcounter{element} \\
19 }
20 {}
21 \end{longtable}
22 \end{landscape}
Element Properties
Numb er Symb ol Name Main Isotop e Ele ctr on Configuration 1 H Hy dr ogen 1 1s
12 He Helium 4 1s
23 Li Lithium 7 1s
22s
14 Be Ber yllium 9 1s
22s
25 B Bor on 11 1s
22s
22p
16 C Carb on 12 1s
22s
22p
27 N Nitr ogen 14 1s
22s
22p
38 O O xygen 16 1s
22s
22p
49 F Fluorine 19 1s
22s
22p
510 Ne Ne on 20 1s
22s
22p
611 Na So dium 23 1s
22s
22p
63s
112 Mg Magnesium 24 1s
22s
22p
63s
213 Al Aluminium 27 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
114 Si Silicon 28 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
215 P Phosphorus 31 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
316 S Sulfur 32 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
417 Cl Chlorine 35 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
518 Ar Argon 40 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
619 K Potassium 39 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
64s
120 Ca Calcium 40 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
64s
221 Sc Scandium 45 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
14s
222 Ti Titanium 48 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
24s
223 V Vanadium 51 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
34s
224 Cr Chr omium 52 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
54s
125 Mn Manganese 55 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
54s
226 Fe Ir on 56 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
64s
227 Co Cobalt 59 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
74s
228 Ni Nickel 58 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
84s
229 Cu Copp er 63 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
1Element Properties
Numb er Symb ol Name Main Isotop e Ele ctr on Configuration 30 Zn Zinc 64 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
231 Ga Gallium 69 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
132 Ge Germanium 74 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
233 A s Arsenic 75 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
334 Se Selenium 80 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
435 Br Br omine 79 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
536 Kr Kr ypton 84 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
637 Rb Rubidium 85 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
65s
138 Sr Str ontium 88 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
65s
239 Y Yttrium 89 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
15s
240 Zr Zir conium 90 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
25s
241 Nb Niobium 93 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
45s
142 Mo Molyb denum 98 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
55s
143 Tc Te chnetium 99 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
65s
144 Ru Ruthenium 102 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
75s
145 Rh Rho dium 103 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
85s
146 Pd Palladium 106 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
1047 A g Silv er 107 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
148 Cd Cadmium 114 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
249 In Indium 115 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
150 Sn Tin 120 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
251 Sb Antimony 121 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
352 Te Tellurium 130 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
453 I Io dine 127 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
554 Xe Xenon 132 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
655 Cs Caesium 133 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
66s
156 Ba Barium 138 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
66s
257 La Lanthanum 139 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
105s
25p
65d
16s
258 Ce Cerium 140 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
25s
25p
66s
2Element Properties
Numb er Symb ol Name Main Isotop e Ele ctr on Configuration 59 Pr Prase odymium 141 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
35s
25p
66s
260 Nd Ne odymium 142 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
45s
25p
66s
261 Pm Pr omethium 147 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
55s
25p
66s
262 Sm Samarium 152 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
65s
25p
66s
263 Eu Eur opium 153 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
75s
25p
66s
264 Gd Gadolinium 158 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
75s
25p
65d
16s
265 Tb Terbium 159 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
95s
25p
66s
266 D y D yspr osium 164 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
105s
25p
66s
267 Ho Holmium 165 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
115s
25p
66s
268 Er Erbium 166 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
125s
25p
66s
269 Tm Thulium 169 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
135s
25p
66s
270 Yb Ytterbium 174 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
66s
271 Lu Lutetium 175 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
16s
272 Hf Hafnium 180 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
26s
273 Ta Tantalium 181 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
36s
274 W Tungsten 184 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
46s
275 Re Rhenium 187 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
56s
276 Os Osmium 192 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
66s
277 Ir Iridium 193 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
76s
278 Pt Platinum 195 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
96s
179 A u Gold 197 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
180 Hg Mer cur y 202 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
281 Tl Thallium 205 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
182 Pb Lead 208 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
283 Bi Bismuth 209 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
384 Po Polonium 210 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
485 At A statine 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
586 Rn Radon 222 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
687 Fr Francium 223 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
67s
1Element Properties
Numb er Symb ol Name Main Isotop e Ele ctr on Configuration 88 Ra Radium 226 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
67s
289 A c A ctinium 227 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
66d
17s
290 Th Thorium 232 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
106s
26p
66d
27s
291 Pa Pr otactinium 231 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
26s
26p
66d
17s
292 U Uranium 238 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
36s
26p
66d
17s
293 Np Neptunium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
46s
26p
66d
17s
294 Pu Plutonium 244 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
66s
26p
67s
295 Am Americium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
76s
26p
67s
296 Cm Curium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
76s
26p
66d
17s
297 Bk Berkelium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
96s
26p
67s
298 Cf Californium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
106s
26p
67s
299 Es Einsteinium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
116s
26p
67s
2100 Fm Fermium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
126s
26p
67s
2101 Md Mendele vium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
136s
26p
67s
2102 No Nob elium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
67s
2103 Lr Lawr encium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
17s
2104 Rf Rutherfor dium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
27s
2105 Db Dubnium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
37s
2106 Sg Seab orgium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
47s
2107 Bh Bohrium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
57s
2108 Hs Hassium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
67s
2109 Mt Meitnerium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
77s
2110 Ds Darmstadtium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
97s
1111 Rg Ro entgenium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
1112 Cn Cop ernicium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
2113 Nh Nihonium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
1114 Fl Fler ovium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
2115 Mc Mosco vium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
3116 Lv Liv ermorium 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
4Element Properties
Numb er Symb ol Name Main Isotop e Ele ctr on Configuration 117 Ts Tennessine 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
5118 Og Oganesson 1s
22s
22p
63s
23p
63d
104s
24p
64d
104f
145s
25p
65d
105f
146s
26p
66d
107s
27p
6References
[Car00] David Carlisle. lscape. version 3.01, Oct. 22, 2000 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/graphics/. [Car19] David Carlisle. longtable. version 4.12, Feb. 6, 2019 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/tools/. [Fea16] Simon Fear. booktabs. version 1.618033, Apr. 29, 2016 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/booktabs/. [Leh19] Philipp Lehman, current maintainer: Joseph Wright.
etoolbox . version 2.5h, Sept. 21, 2019 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/etoolbox/. [Nie15] Clemens Niederberger. bohr. version 1.0, June 24, 2015 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/bohr/.
[Nie17] Clemens Niederberger. translations. version 1.7a, Aug. 31, 2017 (or newer).
url:
http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/translations/.
Index
A
\atomicnumber. . . .2f.
B
bohr(package) . . . .1
booktabs(package) . . . .5
C Carlisle, David . . . .5
D \DeclareAtomIsotopes. . . .4
\DeclareAtomName. . . .2
\DeclareAtomSymbol. . . .2
\DeclareElectronDistribution.3 E \elconf. . . .3ff. \elementname. . . .1f.,5 \elementsymbol. . . .2,5 etoolbox(package) . . . .1
F Fear, Simon . . . .5
L Lehman, Philipp . . . .1
longtable(package) . . . .5
lppl . . . .1
lscape(package). . . .5
M \mainelementisotope. . . .4f. N Niederberger, Clemens . . . .1
P \printangularmomentum. . . .3
S \saveatomicnumber. . . .3
\saveelementisotopes. . . .4
\saveelementname. . . .2
\saveelementsymbol. . . .2
\savemainelementisotope. . . .4
\setatomisotopes. . . .4
\setatomname. . . .1f. \setatomsymbol. . . .2
\setelectrondistribution. . . . .3
T translations(package) . . . .1
W Wright, Joseph . . . .1
\writeelconf. . . .3f. Z \Z. . . .3