ot ot at

(1)

~urQyf!anB

9.nd

tt/rl-1'\ttr0

1

)er~s ~.l!!

beto.n

tbn oont

:p~~rtlnr.nt vrobl~m

confrant1t~g

:r"-lli t1cij:,;ns.,

legislators

~a

tldm1nistrrttor:s

in

Oo:lttb

Af:tlea, cvnn

s.lnca

tne

.f:ll!'o-r•e::m

set

toot

1n.

this

country to

coloDlt.!e

1t

~otr~

tl1rce

Jltmdred.

ye:~rs

ago.

/{, atttiy of

~Iott:tt.t

ti.!rl.tn:n

hi:~toey

nhO\!s

th;'i.t

~~e

nature of tho

eontm:t&

w.t:_~ern t:fu:ro~':e,~m

nnd

non-"Euronrmn.

lm~

telldt!t.l to be•

fl'O':~.

the

'beginning~

o.f a Violent

rirnl

~~£l'eG•JiW

1~1nd~)

\rlth

tfte

restl'lt

tllrtt

ft1t

nnmt

oo

oonfes~H~1 tti~fet

1n

~lO~ltb.

it·f"""

4 """"

''~~~"'!s""i"'"l· ---tu'

1 i•'o;!!j<~

""'>#

"'ill

'b>l'i"'.~"a

·-;i!'lt .. ·;c>t

a

h"'-~""·,··U' "I·~~:»i'"'~

ff11<A"'W'>'1 '

n_ -~.1."""<:1,;. .~~;:;,.v <.~l · :';!..I.'M',.Jili.l ...,,.-~ Vi4 n. ·~"'.~'].«;> . .:l,Lbti.. ~-•''''# i '~U~ :~-:f.,;-tS>I,'1.ftf!l~'~.,

'the

p:ro'ble:i~

at

1nter·:t~JJ1al ~.tdJ'uttn1ent aet~!e~~n ~tn''Cl~-:c:Jl

em

ro~r~0{Jer:,n r.-~lli::Jbm

as

yf~t unoolv~:L.

\ltat

~iO:ltb

!lf'rica,

1~

conso1o"u;

at'

tt1e

urg~nt Dt~vd ttl

find a.

oolut1~)n

to ti!is preacin[';

tESVl

ever

~;r~srmt

rrroblem

it-t

st,o~n

by

the

reF.ctions

ctf

tile

~:mntb

:loi4:'

1·

·r .. -

l .,., ·

-1· .

•r,

ttt ..,,.,, ·. ,. ...

:•e. .. t·~ P -r• · ·- "'·"' """1

·uli

.~,~·•1 '('If . . .... ~r tLl· i,·A'l.O.·:-

e

.to~,z .,.. -, ..,J,\ro,.~,t, IL ,,.res.1₁ t~to ~·cl . C 1~~·'* llt~.S₁... ,,

the

leg1:alri~ture ~nd

r:tt

tho

elf':.cti~)n

11011s..

The

defe~~t

ot

the

Sunts-gov~~rf!tt~ent

at the

~I

te:

in

~~n,y

1948 and

tr1e

li?.rtdinc

ove-r,

of

the control of s,;overn:·1.1en't to

t!te l{at1o:naliat

::~Drty·

under

tlle

leaderst:d}:} of nr.

ll:,.li",.'l!al.an,

who l1aa made

the

problt:mi

of r3t!lrll

.adjustmet~t

of·

'Mttor:e~m ~;nrJ oon~~tlro:~e'3A

tb:t(lttf;Jl

~·

:Gystem of

terri tor1{il

~nd '9011 tic~~l sep~Sf.t,tton or ~a:ptJ'fth~~id~ Z) tf!e ~rost

i~r-t,r.nt vl~nk

1n tl1n poll

ticz;tl

policy

of 11is

t~~~rtr,. :9hf~~~.

ll.<:.rw

""n'>·'.ii+·a t.

h1.

('!

1><!11f'T-

'h·~•4:l' . ...,..,.~,..t'W•'ti

i""

""h""' ·t.,lt'¥il"'l"''"

..,.f

t'l••>;;t;~.. ~~~c·lft

~~~~Q J.i .~' . u .... ~~~-~ "'-~·f ~~~ ... ~ it! '-,~;-~- J_.t~i._;f.._U~ v .f-~~ j{l~i~-~-_,_ _V•

1)

Macarone~

I .• r; .. : '!ltHaee

Attituties 111

~~o·]th Mrtca~.

".5 •.

. 2)

Ib1t1~ ~:.ret··}oo

·vt ..

S)

cf'

ht}

Fll~K~ttnents

rmcb au At::t No.4l

ot

lPOO.~ ·:mict~. e.itl}10:;0eru

tttf.7

.govcm:;ent to

r~roclaitt~

areas fc;.r

th~

.

e~clusive o~nershl:r~

Ol'

occrl!)at1on,,

r;~r

· ooth..,

of

ol

~.he:r ~iu

te,

o.lr~ck

or

oolonr~f r~oo~·~te,

or '*tll:c•r

!!:~)UJ1Dl ;(l'"O~r.~s,

nuch

.~s ~r~~"e ~:~lnys..

· (b) Ae:t

.'i'~t'J

..

~~C>

o!

1P50 -

i"(}')1

tlf1,ti.an

!r£~p;1~tTst1on

t'i.Ct ...

(2)

!;tlt

only 1n

~klntb

Africa, but also in the

rJn1'ted

Sta;tes

ot

tmerica

1tJ

this

'c<roblertt

of

.m:ljlu~tment

·ootwccn

\~hi

tes

;~ ~the

mr-tn or

colour~

as-

ac~1te

a.s t::ver. in the tJn1

t~~d

ntate.s

of Mterlcil.,., w1 tb t:ts

:t~~id, aAiv:7~nc-e:r..ent

ot

tlle negro in

edu.c:1tion

anu.

'~:wrld

a1:fa1rs$

·there 1tt

::;.r1$1't~ ~»

il'Icttcasing

de:mand

on

l1is

pi:t.rt

fu-r 'lrt'bat ne ·

:re:~·ls

to

oo

his

.na.turnl

r!gt~ts

anrl

!t~r

!ulJ.f;r

rccognlt:1on

trf · lhls

status an

a

~.

tr11tl

a.

e1

tizen ..

ll

.;~nt1-colour

legislation

if~

rot

®tltt::<.1n

to

south

t.fr1ca,

dorm:. In fact, t:ome

of

t11~ l~~;g

in

th~ '~ml te~.l

nta;tes

ot

A'm8:r1ca.

hcvt~ ~e··n

w.neh

~:re

virtllnnt

i:tl

t1nt1-oolour

'P:teJ~~.lice th~tn

in

neath.

td"ri·o:;;:..

In 18Zl

11

for

1n~t~~<~,

negt"'es

~ere

d.ented.

ey

sta~.

tute

the

rit.'"ittG

of tric(l bY

jury~

excgpt

f,~)r of:t~~mces

'Plllllsh!lble

'b1!'

dCatl'l;

W~tle

tt.!.f:,

l~IW fJt' O'V1tit1t'ilt.'e ~1'01/1d.ed,

tb:'1it

OOltit~ed ~~·~!'!JOOS

CO'lld.

only

fMtjti:fy.

for or

r~z~:t1:nst COl\)ttr~~~J. per!30DS~

ttut not 1n a,

.A<"t:'l/JO!i, _""'"<:;;.,~ 1' f l ,.<h:.. h1i>- M, ,..},, 4:

+ii:~! """""h.

'i!;o;n· t.'lf <"W'J!\.j<'•f

~..Vt .~)

, *S : ;J.,;l,,~ 'iic '1> .• d.L '£i-.:. ;t,U~...,._.!i 'l'!'~i:l· ..,..,Ji:A>~" )~ ;J . .O.~·•' ·

At

awut

the sr;'i':ff:

t1ri:;e

~ !)rd1n::~noo

00 of

lBBO

'Was.

~ro

mrilge~ted

at

tile

CL~;e_.,

Bl1anlrlf} "Hotte..ntota and

othe~ tro~:

reop:le

of colcm.r-"

e<:Jlal

bE,fore tb(}

lt::.~

111 tb

'f.'llror~e~r:nm.

3) !.he

sy~tem

o:t

law

ado:~ted tn tne

Cape

t1~1ony

tll:rtttll::h.

t!lo Oh:lTtt:rra

of :;Justice

ot

192?

~.nd 1s::~a n:~la

r.w f11trt1ne.t1on

bet~~e:n

1 ts tnnalJt

t:~:nts

on

t11e

ero1mcia

cf

ra.ce

or

colo~,..

tatd

<lt.rectcd th:±t

z~ll

uer!,:):ls

t~riu~tn~l

ft<+-t•<!u'<t:

.~:1';··-····l

..

t lha ...

1-"' .

..,....,..,..""""e· ....

.,..~

..., .

..,.

'"'"""'".a

.f'f'~61rf.6t!l:

'!:'>Yt/¥

"'~- '*"'~

4)

vit\,r~.t ~:l\Ju· u Vv '-'.-f< >cv, u<;;>.i,il.l~. ~"'""t<'<' v~ ? .. HI,)~'M' 4''n.Ag.,-:;.;i;l' ~t~ <a> ,.~.:-.,•

~.Jllen.

in

lH4l"

O,rultncit]Ce

50 was

r~ealed

arH1

re,lfk'CM

by

!be

M~ter ~.a

!U!rvsxtts

(;r.;1in:xnce

5 >,

tile

Sec:ret~~ry

'!r;r

t!<)ln:niea

~'t>\lld

only

t;t;r1_~rove

_ut·

_~the

_{orctinrM'lce tt!h.en}

_t11e

_{a,sau.r::.,nce}

_·~Rs

_!"r:1ven

.Jlim

ths;t

in ttlis

lar~t

evtrry

one

ot

tlm neces::;a:ry

proV1~1·ons

sate-ff't••:.'''' .• t4.,a· :t'l.J•p

'lill'l."~.·.hto

.«t. · f ·

t"

_1··p

~"".···l·'"''tl•l!S!l 1'-~"

..

'fl.tl<.

,,:;ra

*'"00

...

·'*"""'•,.r

.

..-•.s.tl

6)

(3)

It

Wf."S

only

G.ft~r

1U60 thnt

cert:.::;;irt

d1scr1n:\1l'u;ttive

l~tS ~ere ::frt-:~J1eti

fdld

'td.a,C~

On

tile

(J't:.tt~lte-cOok,.

retleot1DB 1n

this wa-y

tne:

pre~~t:·noe

irt ;:ton,th

Africa of'

l::1:r,t~e

masrnm

ot

nrr.ck*tf~1

_poo~1le

1

_{} ar~i .a,~ oiu~-}

_rtf

_tile

_a~:~~moo

_(If.

_titB

_r.:r~a.t

_{Tltekt 1n}

_the

_~,,"C,'rd$l

of the !rre-k

le~MI~r K~,r.e1

triebr:d'dt

VtlS

~

de

a:m~ta':n(te

n1tnrt!e

~-ane

von

zak<mit

~

., ...

~

.. ,. '" ..

~

de

gel~jkstt;llitlg v~n

ltlrturlingm.

met df!

blaiiken•}it rttS

ttl

be

el'.pented

th~1',t

1n

the constitutions of tbe

'g,e:r

rern1bl1e~ -~Jlti-oolour

ltt.'•'S

~(;:r'fJ itlCOl'r,.Ol":~:tted.

z},

c: ..

n.-r,£elstl. who

1nve~:~tle~~,tf~(t

the

edti.ct~:i:!otl

of

~r1<:rm

~Negroe.s

under a

f!amegie Grr;:nt

hat-~

mau(l:

tr~is

pe-rtJ.t1ent

·obse:rvat1,t>n:

~r~!':13lti.ti:ve

tl1st'Jt1rrJ.na,tlttn

on

t:'ro~mas

at

oolt}~lr ~~"3.s., Er·:nf!rr~-:llY

sper.&:if',e.,

tl't{~

rule

r,,ttfleT tb9ll

the

ex.c~.1ti.on fhrcs!J{~bo~.tt th~

!Jni

tri'J

~~t·~-t

....

~· 4

>

t,~ ~( J;""'"' •

In

sa·u,tll

Af'r:S.ca# the

IK1n-1~1Ir{F

e n

ete;:1ont~

of

t~m

'P®-Ul~=~tlon con~~1st

of .aoout

?~

mtru.on. :natives,.

900~000

r.olr;u:re\:;s

•'\~~

.l,

"""lll·

1!,..t;fl

"'~1""

..

"-·it

,.;;;~

fj)

·t~ . .JU. 1r '"'~· -.~ v:•~ -1~.1'· ~ll•~~·

'I'be

~tolouroo

;rteorlJ;le,

tno~~h

o:tlly 9tK>

₇

000,.-

oonatttate

a very 1tnnclrt:rJn't

el~-~rar:nt

·of

tlte

mn-:flttto~:e:n ~}JllE.ttion

of !)Ou.th

Afr1c~;..

by

vl:-tue of

th51T

long

contr~ct \t:~

th the

f~ttt:J: ,e~.:n,

-.rhieh :bas

rn:l~dte<i

thPt

tllny

br:;ve

~oooo~::e

COWflletel.y

ass1m1la,ted

to

·~!tn"oner:~D

c1vili~J::t1~;,tl~

6

_!

tile p:rcibl:Em

tft providi.r~f~ edltC',{:tion~U.

!cJ:c1li ties

for

thtJ

dive.ri.:J~nt

(4)

-4-antl

<11sr:~p;-.·1te rooi~;;l

grouL•S

that

oon~:;t1

tnte

the

South, African

society"

It

is

obV1(~11S th~;;.t

·tbe:m:

must

be

a

u1fft)l'e-nt

~~~8

of

,._..q,-'~~::, .. t*••*~ ~~"'lilt +t.."": w.p+ •v.r... +h..,>10'5.. ""'...-:.¥< if<'}.•"" ;._."'.·· ·~··••t!·~_~::.;.·ft n~t~ .-_ ·

tof'1"""

a_

9W>•A"'··· 1l.w',.-" J;.''v"" lllW ·U._",.l,OI;Io, Y.''W W~'l' .,;1;,.\.!l.J.C ·ji.U~ >t;,q.-u , "I;; ~•"'.!• ~t.a.u,J, afx~ "'~f'

-ttpect~.ll

tyue.

ot

euu~~,tion

for

the~ f',olourl~l l~eople.

Tl~

· ayste'!'i

ot

(',Aluo~t1on th!;~t

1u

tt~

oo

e~tnbl19fled

:to:r

tbe

r.olOtlt:'t;t'i

l'OOnlC

tt1ll

dO:tHrmJ.ne tl1f.3

\~~tm·lO ftlt~:®

Of

thcue

_

:PaY:~le

_·- . -') '

and· ~"ill

tie

derimdent

,-·

u~~on

trte

attttt~irf

ot

·•:v'b1~ ~~ntll

.

Africa

tow~d:s

tlm·

{"tOI.ouref.l

l"!etml~.,

for

.f.lJ)

foro!..

I. n ..

~~ae~ne

rightly

~f:l!'J.ll!kst

'lfsocl:':;l

a;ttittKlen

are

t'.he

l:trtderlyinr;

r~ality

of

uocl.al llfe:otl,)

. '

Tnat

th~re

is a,

n~cd

'to·r defltJ:lng

th.e

"P011ey

.of

Colou:trJ.;1 !i:ldu.c:.!tton

in ehoi:n. bY thn

~.r1G·?:s M.i:'l.:v~1~l::1o:ne

ot

~n·uiry

that

l'f!J:Ve

!nVt}titlgc~,t·e{l

thin

r:.tatter

frn~'J :ti.:1~e

to

t1::~r~

in

recont

!)\

·<tt~·-~."iitb _{:jJ"··~~c.·..\;:0.}''";/!I

if:ti:~e·M~~

.·(\.very

po~rerful ~i.nd ~rottdnt:nt

b.1ctytn

!~utb

1.1\f.rlcm.

out-line~ 11~

policy·

in re.,g2rd

to tile .future of

ed.ttC::::.t1on.

in

ti~1s

eotmtrv

111

a.

p~Jble'

ent1tln'1

~Chri;:~teltk''""'Ma~lit~n::sltri (lru:ler~tJYs

.belcidrt~Zl

a

<1oa1t~~nt

tb..1;t

ll~~

cteeted

r:l.Uct ..

h

co::r·,:t~t

1n

ne~~s:pa.pers

:Gll(l

edllC'.:~tt/y:,nal ~oum:::,ln 1.n

:.buth Afrlc.a ..

~·}

In

tbi~' doctwr.:t.tt

. greG:t

otrcsc~

in

~lr;.ced

on

tllc

nc~d

ft.rr

'!JTevitl1nt

,adet~tt:;te

ootJCt;,-t1onal

f:tcill ties:

ffi'r

f"-olour~JJ

nldldJ<en..,

In /irt1elc

14 ot

thit!

docl1lr#1tlt ~~~:tr'ks

;-r;re

:m~~le ~~1

th

~vft!.:;,i'd

to

t",cloltre~l l"d:ntt.:ctton.

ij'rl.te

oouct·t1on

of

t:.olOUt"(Klr.1

silt}~nl~1

be

senn

~'l

a,

sut;lO:rdJ.n;ryte

p~,rt

ot

thn 1\fr!k:;-..oor•s

t£Hlk

ot

(5)

'9:rino1~Jle.

or

gnardi[:'nsilip. over-

the

ro~f\nro'·)e:~n~ ~;.;~m

1t in,

tlle-re,fo~e;J

the

Af1-i_kr:,tm·r~:1d· n~·~orf?d (i~ltV

to

sec

tb~tt~ tll~

Colol:JrffJs

are

:ttttrtlf;ht

np

Ch'rtfitlNl-lln.tiotltf.l1st~.

?.he

dom:B!i\~ttt

tmdtt

1t~~

obse:rvt~;t1ons

on r.olotll!.ed.

~11rwr\'i;i.on

:'li.tlt

tr£

xollo~·~itlt'

rer.1:trks:

i:'fOrL~

g.lo d\tt

dlc

.lleil

6'1

e:eli~k lr~3l1

d1t}

klenrlitlg

du2r:in

l~ dz::lt

by

beset

~:2t

ily·

•n

ap~u.-te

rasHer;roep.

is,.

da!'l"OV

trc~t;J

nu

t-1er::s

. .. . . . .

.

. . . ~

en drt.t

lly

diP..Mol:anllkooot1g

Cbri~ltolUc ~n

nas1nn:l4

tJ;~~:ewoo

s:;:::l

wor~l.

Iiice-

:t1r.-tilln1erine:

·vrm

!rlen:tlint,ondr~nl'Ya

r:roet

o~:l

oo *n

grond•

slr.g

ge~!.tel. wr~l dr~,t

d1

t

rd.r;

ten kor;tc

v~xn bl:::n~e

ontlffr";"tyt:·

i~eukled

nie.~

ll

the des1rFJb111ty

fo~

n.

'tbor:r.:mgh

1nw~t1g~~t1~)n

of

·ti:te

ed.:t.JC~:~.t1on;:1

ailt;S

~

ncede

ot

tl1~

t':oloured

~"eo~-;J.e

1s

·ttH:tr~yroo~t i~err~.tivo

in

v1~

of

tllt~

t?:tct

th?:t

r~~eeut tmrestlfpr:t~ti';Jns

ot'

tt:.e~;e

t'lOOr:te

sl1t}w

a,

ra!rid

dete~1or,r;;tf

..

t>n

in

st~dr.rd

of

l1v1rtt

a-

a

grodlt'~l

. .

in;'f)Overialrr::.ent:~

a

vtthdt:!r.•tal

troa

thA:

aven'ti.en

ot

slttlled

r~d s~~~

;ald,l1.e..1

lDlXlllr _

an

entr(~:;er.;oo.t.

tro.;!f:

the

lt.rnl

ona

a€'ric~dturn. r«ltl

&

t1egcncJ>c:tton

1n

tll~

nrbtm arer;g.,a) there

;i$,

.in

f:~~et,

only one

$.ectlon

of

szny

i~;nrt!·Jlltle

moong tbe Co-loured :Pf1onle

th~lt

m:tY

oo

s~if:l

to li:ve

oofmttely

aoove

tt

m.f'~re

subs1nte:noo

le~l

nnd

tl;ts

section oongt1

tutf!~

tbe

skill~,

and sef"i1-rik111ed

~.:or!Soon.

in the

to;.;,"!U:t

t.:nd

c1tt:es .. 3

l

In

:t-fiOOnt

:YE.F,,:rs~

too!ltha

~'bloltred ,~~ti~~~an ~t,S

beF1tt

relinJlUi:Jld.XJC )'113

llol~i u;~on

tneao

sk1lle(l

ttm~

r-JeiD!-ID:{1lltt.tt

ucctt-patloo~

;:;;hich

ool:::nged

to

h1J'ft

ainco.

too

d;.l.ys

il!

$l~1Jrery4las

,a

(6)

centul"y

ot

a

contJ1dereble

nlrioor

ot

sk!ll~tt 1ttOi"kt1tm

t:ron

FS~.tr()'l;&

nn<l the Intro,ttttJt1on

ot

the

~~rule

Imio:n

~·~crm

1 '1f~nt

tnto

SOuth

Africa~

a;anng

eeettonn ·n!

tlle

Coloured

I«mle. 'Xho:ir

h1stol:")r

lo .not·

l1ketl"·

to

tnH~ire

'Pl"idt"?

of

:ri:AJe

or

r~~ oonn.e1o'l::u'l~!!n.

ana

t'he

toot

til.zt

tbe

Q>lour~£i ~·,r:o~ll&

SDl"1nt

trok!t

an

amntxture o,t

d1fferen1

r:.

1

_{:Ceo ·:Xl(:t{l}

tonds to

t':lG~l<e

the

brtnrtnr

~tbont

of

a

bomEteneons

Coloured

oo•E!»:)ity,.

dtt~rtrenlt..

Antl

yet¥ tho

C~loutef1

:Poonle farm

a

&m"JP

ot· the1r

u~-n tn

the ooe:l:,.l ntr'!.tctnre

ot

thr.,

:fk"Kttb

.Af:rlot:·n

""'"''"1""'~-.:!t'*';ti'~. _{"VV:HJW:~_.M.,L·-L:·tf} ;m,-L"'i

rr-1· ,.. ..

,..""A:

'ftt'''~ ~t"''~'l ~8 l""~A..-y 1oo. .. t· i:iPni"oft txfi ·1. .. ,.,..., .•

.,.,.e· ....

~

"'f- ~,l.j,:~:· ~.nJ V~·l:e\L ..;.;~_~,. ~ 1-~~!~ ~itV ·~\..l.f't-tJ.l. ~ .. ;, "l$~.p;;;; .•. 4 -!.;1~~+ ··;"t>\..Hi,l.:_..~ ~~

tbe

e1v111ot.;{tit1n

and

so~

of

th~

cul

tm.•c of

the

~a0ean" '11"~

r.olOtrred

:rerr:-le""

on

tf!B

!;;"hole'"

:regf:ad

thr~:is.~lvet~t

assu."erior

to th.e

tf:;xtt.ve.. The

mi'i3or1ty

~Jf'

tllf

1

· ~tc.nrrc~~i f'OO~ile obJ~nts

s:trongly

if

..

iP'<fo.t

~at_to'ri~.c···t·~*('t_

f""""'"''

tl:u!'~< 'ft«"'·'t· ;i:"f'i'J!'.tl' "~t: ~-*+""'1B ""•'rt<'* h'ft 'f:~h'""" """''·i"~·i<t-·-:t«ii' _j..nr,; ~~-~~l';~:-.~~-1£ -'~v-.-,M> .t~,,:. ~,~:/: . • y-~_.__;, .?'J,. ~P.J..Q.~.;';4£.<::.-;~>~~ ~u:t\..l,·~A r.Jl~~;· -de'·. ___ •~1,:,_.;.,.;1'-l"""'*

Tt~!if

·t·rBfer

tci

11vn in

tl"~1r

tnm

totrruth1!~S' etr:~rcttoo

· troc~

'tbe

loea·

~)

.

t1ons :tor

;:k·tt1

wa

:t ~"'

although 1n

:m~y l~lYJD.

.ntld

~t:mnl

11"'rer1s

tile

t"ralaurf:K1

1nMbl.tnnts:

~;::re

by

ctr«::mt.~t.r:ru·:~~s oo~ellai f.()

live nide

by

side

'kdth.

tho

llEtn:'ttxin

tbr::

tFme

l:i.:;e·:"~:titJrus.

nntl

in

sp1t~~

·of

mtif,''ltthy·,

a

-~~·mre

of

ttdncnem-j!'t1on

'bet:

-e~n

(llloureds

:e.;nd

:n~~:ttve~

I

t-Y)

~,~ b~en

Q:Oat.tr,rirjf;: .. .;;..

,Q:>ndi

tJJ:~ns

in

tn~

locnt1ontl

b~~ve ~rn Vt~r:y

potJ:r.,

a~1--:'ct~.:

lly

in the

s~ll

iO't1lO

r1ti<l

v!ll';ges~

4)

t~rt:~oll':i ~·to"li'*-. _{~::~:~ ~~-M:· _} _{~~ e~~ -~~~~~.-.}·l ~fiwi'tf""'1t'

_....

_oM~_

y

q,,

"<!i.ln"'

-~1 y l'lib·l ... ~ ¥:~v ~ta · ~~-

t,...

v n~'~1"''"' ... ::.,~~:!tl ,~.~-:· ~

-t·-t<! ...

'"·" \.ill . , ~~1-l

uren

tu neb.ot1ls

for

lV~"~t1vaa

t;,ntl

:resr!t1ts

thr~ dltltlr~..n 'bettl{~ tau;~ht

b1

n2~t.tve

teacners.

5 >

(7)

n~t1ve.. .terldr:~rn

aJ!iCint·

tti®:

Tv1nt

(li~t

thr ..

t

they

:~;m

rt

:OmY:~:rntc

;t;:;:.ci~~l t'll't.i::ty-

Hith

~kr~m1~:t1(~nn

:vt

tt1r~i't'

0'\.c,_tt..

l l

ln,

n~:11.t~)

of

l'r"i~!il'd1l1E~ tr~t~t~~el~s

an ·.a

s~r:rE

..

:te

t»~~~mlty

ti~0:r" 1~. !lt~V3~tilele35,

a

_t·t~r:.dcncy ~x1r~st

t.t".r:

~'bl(';nrr'-ia,.

cl*lntly

a..~

a :r6:rnt

t.

nt'

~f;he

itdlnftntt"::

~-f r.r1t.rdo~~ ~

·ttl

O.J:'~·r~.~:")er ,tt; -~"1

un.i

tt1.

~itl;;

·ttt.e

!t:J~1·w~-~

an<:}

tUJJ.~'j_:tiJ:~

.1n

.~11} o:rt~:..ni~rul N!n-:;~t:s-P·~~~n

fr,'tnt

·f:.._~ ·_ ~~1'1"i:l"~ f._.;,. •:r~-~ •r:-~'"'-·r- '!llk"ff ,;cv_ ;·'i: j'.O 4<1; .~.., "'""~>"'-"'t""hrY!J-'t>-"t"''l'1i: :flo'*"'_' i_.

~~...,_:..:~.+:.tF.)<., ~~i~-~ :a,~~~"s ~''"\.~)---"~,t_·f.l, ""~ -~Jr.<!..~~-' W;.,.~_,_+.¥.!_)_ '*"'"·t..~ ~-~"

:rJltll

t1f~:Jt'

nf

t1l~ ll(.J~K'u"(J'' -~

_

~ns

.a)

nn

tlre other .tt·<J1:<1• there

i~l

a

n1~bHr

nt

COl-oureds.

:,.;•.no

h'c'::v~-

try

v11."t~.Je C~f

thnir

~'ura.::~-n f~clet.'t f~·:.tnres ~i

'light

corml~;~·

p~itt-'0

tnt\;' tha:

tur~:· ·~'

n

tx1.:m~~t.r::i

ty...

fht1

'y'J.'l

tur-

~<;~~

of'

~ nnti~ber

of

ltD-t··:x~ces 1~"heYf:!· Colon.~.';.

:.::iffn

ar4

't."~1~l

h,.ve

~l~:yt~¥ ~thlt~;.'!

'iflld

1t:,ve

Q(;y·

n

,Ji}J}lu:tor·~i

int·c

'the

fltr<t'.-e~·n ro~::mur;;i

ty

:1)'id

~.~'fe ltK~~.;y

rc•

g,;:~Jf!.{l

in ff/f/F::·rt

:rt~~r:r!Ct

tt1l

~Ul"'\.1·-·H.M•:..:)

~r-1,:zy.,

tu

mmtr:~a,t to ~.icnt.b ~trtttt~

the'f(!J

.1:3

:tl;'l- .ctt~:ctlnntt~;n

in

~tm

Sft1!:~

t!f

11~- l.a,~ bnt~'

...

e' :n

tr1C-

blP,ck~

1.e. the

Ht'£:;'t0ett. and

tne

t7.olo~

or

H1Jl~;.ttoeg,}t

1 ..

e.

negrof:~s h~vJ.ng

oorr;e·

~:r·t.,::<tif't.t.on of ;;;ld.te blt-x"ld

4

:1n~r-e c~~n

be

no

aa~Jbl,.

on

tlM'?

Fl"o~mc:s

ot

bl~Jto:ry~ tr~

dlti":Jn

&Ki

J1:•:ttJreJ~ a~'~

t·o the

de~~·ll"?:.Jll:ltty·

of

ttt~itt:~t~lnlt;~

tlie

~~lo1t :r"ecr?~lt'

1n

;~:a·Jtb ~fr1c:;,

:as

flit s~y~~r:::rte

:ent1

ty,

~Jttt~rr1nt

tr··:xt.;

th.c~t

vf'

fi.be

~'® ~::n.

n:;,t1

ve

~r

l\$.1at1c ..

"~~*· t~l·

.

.,..u.~1i """"'"""' io..-~·~ .. ... ~4A~·~~ .tl'%-

•r•A

1·""

~"':~ ,..JI:'· 1:"!;..,.

₁

•'1"

.~t*~1h•

(8)

-a-rooted tn tlli:n:

1:-~ri

t.OOd :t11a:

only futnx"e

l1fj't

in

it.

Frorr;.

tho

~oint

ot

vlcw of

tht~

well-bt:i..r.g

ot

the

fkJlvurt~l ii~·«~i;?le

t.t...'1

S'?Jcll,

i)t

is

es;'tent1t~l. th~r:t

tltt'

g:rcup ....

r:nd

:r~.;ce•

conncl"Jtt.':liles$

{"~f

these

r.-eo·'~le a~

a.

t)t::.~"\~;tr~;.te

rmt:\

ty be· fur·thered

t_md t;trenr~tllen.t:!d

tm(i

tn1s

Crin

only

t>t:;

.actd,evct:l by

tr

..

e

r.tr;ht

kim

of

oouC:"f"t1on..

A.

hav~y, pro~eTO!ttt t:.tttll~e'::lthy ~o1out:i:!tl

People,

~

nnve

itJ

tb€1r

o~n ~~hem

nna

wl"t-O

nTc

f:11tnt~:l

to

tti."i1r

orn

!'ectlt11~ ~~{~:'li~tir;ns

'ltl1

fol'btlt)'te

~1r-rt

oo

ttte

st"f'tvin~~ ~!~d a.i:m

of

every:

~lue"::t1onist,

soc1.nl vorker ond

l~.t;:;isl~tor*

Tho

~lrosnority

of ;:lQuth

Mtica.

is,. 1nde;:d,

contirtgt~nt tt~on f::··~oo

:of

its v-a,rJ.Q{lS

':racial rood

oolo~rroo: ,gmu~~s ~evelrr

"ing

::±long 1

t~t ti~ill lin~s

»

yet

-~"''""'e···'*'"'"-·i'>' ~=

-,.-_

A· ~:::-~.i~-4:-'.lic_:: ~-~ 4.~ ~FP-c3

...

d ·t-h """ ... ~ _...,/ -":_.:_":--t.l.. ___

"-·li'i·:r•?·--

-~JJ_Q-"-II

Tb.e

Wf~1l·bt~1.ng

of t·ne Qllour{-;d,

People

i:~

· ft{rt

only

:.n

p:roblem. · ftl1U

the

eiiuc:,;tirJnlst

muHt

t~~ke

due

oor:n1acnoo

of

tbe

pollticc?l"

30t!irl

;t,-rnd

er:~llle st:~tus

of

a

eott.rmmi

ty

:'1ilen

.a.snesoir~

_,...,.:t,

-l·""'"n ..

4'11l_tr ~. ~-~t'}t··--• .,.,.. ¥;\#/' n·•ikn-·,·l~'i"iffr ~./'\.""' ti!'f"''*'<t "'' ,.,..,,;iftw"~~t· ·'1:1' J~f·,

~~ jj.L. :-;?tJ.,t~ttA-~~;,; -:~~ r~-4--V{.j-+~f..>.t!t_:~~ V~-~ g.(;&..iVIJ.' . ..a:.A<~t._~« -~J.V,.J:- -q-.. -!.-W<~ ;~~· ~~-::-1'~~'--M-J-H,-. ~ 'fi . ·,,t.V ·

"*

J.t:~1ooWS!I!:.i~

111 !Jln

Ot..'ld'fCS'il

to

the

~HeH r~th!C!=!titltl }~Cl.lo

..

.t-shi:p"

Gon-terence .of

lHZ4 lle'td.

lrt

~1011tn r:1r1e~~. l)ttt

It

~~o ~~,ntly

flhen

be

~",id.t

M'fo

:educ.::;te

a rrJ8n is to

:t··c~$0,

not

only bl$

tn(t~tledge ~na

skills:,

bn~

r.'loo .bis liD9es

-~d

iTltt

a..1jfbi

ti<Jns,

bis

clr,it4S

ft;r

f".~ll

c1

tlz~

:.

IJZU_p.

an1

the

sense

of his

p~rtronrtl

d1E;n1

ty .... ., ...

~ ~ ~:tt

i.t

.1.s

un-:>t11:6""'•t ,.,·n-·t~l'tr rh•fl!"'~~.;,.,~·-~~~ t· .() a.-.p_,...(W. ~"·l ...,"'}'W• L"f't~r'l'llfMt'»~· <l>y

1 . .,

~r,t

't'f'1.

'i'Ul' '""""''

t~.~~~J\Ir._U tW ·if· ~--->~~-:-L, .. A,U£~~ - . u~~-t~~·-'"·~-1~~- .'(..It:_ -~-"!~-~~: ~> .. _ . .t_t ... -.4-~-~"~~t,~ -· ... i$.lt•- ~~}- ~;M;

a goottly

.'ffte:J.sttte

of

eunc::;tton,

only'

'to

delJ~rtw ht'"l~

ot

tn.e

fr:li.ts

th~:re<>!

'fly

the

ft:trce

ot

l~~

nnd

pr!llttc-~1 d1sc-rlmlrt~:t1o:n..

1:.un:t

cu···-'\Y _~o,,z

t·~-~".><7'1'-"J..~"tf

_{_..,,""'~.~~.~I.e·}

11'"t>'l.

_{. . . ...}_,~_"'ti

l)

Ot.to of

the

gre~::t15~1t

t)l"Oblems confronting

('"',olrmre<l

'fi1dlte:;,,t1rJn.

in t:!Onth

At:r1cn~ it:?

the

:need

for

ret<Jl'fi11t-.g

;:;ntl.

re'Utt:U.1tJ1lll

family

:::.:ml

OOtrAltnn1tY'

life.

fi)

'"'~

a l'nsult c,f rtovcrty,.

~~ra-ticul;:~'fly

1n

tile

urban nro:tS,

very

f~~ t'Ul:oottrt~u ~'eot:•le·

olm

thf!1r

o~m

ootr.ns-,

rerP:tlting

often

in a

(9)

:par~.ntz~l

dli·1<;1:;>11n&

<>c-o.~.stnnecl

by

thf~ s:u;~llr_es~~

t'!:f

tl~e d~~lltne:

t;.nd

the

l~cK

of

1tt1U~ehol~:l ~tf:Ui't1e.~;

.m;my

Colo~.ttt;c~

ctiil:i-roo

E<Se tt~:t·

rlrlvcu iuto

too

strerts

~~hern

thf;.y

~;r~:

oi'ten

stibjcc'ted.

to all 'kin<IIJ

{Jf fl..nti•U<.J(ii;~l

and.

aen-orf~:.U.nll:-tg ini'laenc~.s.

In

tb.e

cr~e

ot

~Y

C,olouraa.

:t~.1tJi

11ea·, both

;}~1ren.ts ~a CO~iullec1

to find

~lO:Yl~ent

.in

oT:ia:r

tn

a~lllllltlllt

tlt.e

f:

tilily

income.

~-;e l!'{!}~alt

:tr!

tl:t?:,t

the·

~{)\titer

1u not

tible

to

,ei

vc

su.f:ticl~..nt

at

te.n:t1on

to

t.dlr

lJ.J~;e

:sxld

cllildrt'x; .. 1

l

:t"~b:ern 1~ ~f~<.z

-rl

tlt;e

-of

·COloured

;per~!On,~

Who Is;

tJ,ot

~on.~ciou.

..

~

o:t

.hi~ t'f)''~~(~tmi11bi.l1ty

·to

£;1N,

of:t:'s-::i:ri.ng

~Jr:d

often le::;.vea

!llle

l~~ck.

of

a<i~(':Uate

!emily 1ltH

~n:na pare-.nt~

.1

c:xre

and

(!Olltml t

thr;

~ho:rt :Sebi;t>l~t~te

of

·th.(':'

ch11tl..,

the lack

ot

f'c~clli.t1fl...S

~)

f~·>r ~(:1t1:r1ng fi~ trt~Ie.,.

,_

VC:.g:r:_,nG"Y

anti

tl.iO

lf.;Ck

·uf

p:t-QY~e.r

f1?iCil1t;1mt

A)

.

for

lni~ntt"C cr.f~ f,~ot~.

•...

resnonstble for

crime

tJtd

delinr'-tU31:;cy

a.i'DXU:~

' . .. .

.

. .. .

th€7

Colou:r~u

ycrrt.fl .. , ) . ':t'tl.f:

~!t'i

tc:t

~:H lli'rllt'tt~lt

.bad

to

tit:";l

~:,,~·tll

m:itty

intrt<;tlrn:~ t~f tll~):ft, ht:rJ.aeb-ra::J.~lng. str:-i;bbir~t~• f~tc:_

...

<Xlii~YJittr~cl

by

pupilg

of

the

lr-.:l'gP.

Cctltlu.roo nc:t10ol or

r;"hi!~h

llf'!'

iitf:.S

the

l~rtneto~•l

.. "

In

t;:.t

le:.:!_;t

t~!o

c:::ttes

~<

the

ot.dlt.iri;n

(;{Jne.,·me(l

Wf!rt~

in

'the

Junior

c~asseu~

i ..

e.

crau~~s

,311u

nt~mdt~ru

x.

i,'.te::te

cbi.l<irr~ mrtr~

111 tlwir

~erly te:~:.u~

U!d

~·er,e

rrutt

fl:r~tt. 4d'1

1Hnch~rs

..

In a

rec:~nt. 1nve~tic:~~;t1(1li

by

trs.e

g(;vem-:;:nnt. en the

soc!gl,

lJ.e·

l

th.

:~r1d

et:anom1c

®nfll

tionu of

urb:;_n

tl~rtive!~-

1 tt

-was

found ·thct

tJtc

prnoler•;

of

1.mcontrt~ll~uli

ty

ot

:f{!"IDi!.

ch1l.urf!n watJ

(10)

sutf1C1<mey

tJf

tl!e

e~mit'J{~s

of tile head

of

th.e

tr;-rntly.

ti'lle

1n

turn renul:tel1 1n

8..

b1t~b 1)1:Q~i0rt1(;n

of

tbe

.mother~ bo1llf~

fot'ced

to

tmiert6ke

emrillOYiUcnt..

~l.te cnlldrt:~u fete·

ther(;fote

loft

moot\tto11m:~

at !home

rru tl'te

e.Juc~\~t1on:Jl

fnc111 ties

"d.bicll aildd

to

liDtne

ext;)nt

p:rov1tle an

ratema,tive

to

.home disC11:Jline

atld

Ctllltrol

t~ze (:;~"l'~t~tlllf

a.bsent.

~lim «ro:t~f::,_~-~:rnce

1s th·ut

UJ..:lny

of the

urlt'~n :m::~tlve

Cli1l{'lrm

gJOw

up.

untl1$c1~~11ned ~:.ltd unocjntrollm~. and.

the

ulti:m:tte

reslut :1n

tbm.t

a,

~ls~:ttvely

l'tlf:;;tl.

Tl!'tro<':rrtton,

l~1nrl

in

ttu~

jUVGnile

ccnu-ts ...

1)

'V,"kr:-• _{..,_,:,1:!J;'~·k II,.~&,.) -\lft-1L~.t;~ .,o~_.~,4t~ ~:JM.i{,.~ ._~*·- .f~A}t..!:'l~ J;..,""':' ... d~>·.C .i, .,..'\,.,.. ... + ~x""'b'"!ifi.-

n·

_{_ -: ..}".·-'~>t;i:""~ _{~lt~ti-1'1:.:; -\.i.l~ ~~-}.. ~"S>·.t·l·

,...;,...,...,._

1o.!""'1l"-

_..._{~~~.JCo __ ~} _~UA

m"tltat1s mut;'l.fJ.diu :in very mra1y·

ea,~es

to

'tn"br'ltl

t:Olouretl

children ..

llttrllll;~ t't.iff.'·

yeBro

194~

.... 1005t

tllr~rf~ ,~u~rt}

on

the

flV(c:rst~e

1,9HO Coloured

m:~le

youths

.r~:rJ

63B Colourer-l female

y4:r~1ths

ooncorned

vl

tt1

delinr}tten··

oy.

fll

T.t·10

delin~ueJtoy :rr.~te

fo:r

tJolo~trE,:tJ.S, w::~u

rr10re

tbnn

seven

t11-res.

ot

the

PQitiUl!it:lon

tnto

~.c~xmnt;J'

·thE

r:::t&

tor

·tl~e

!bluureaa

·~11s

r<.oro

?.j,'ic}~>'fi

_-\Wl,~~:k

n

_{_ .}

.. ,( ... ,, ...

_{,4-J_:J~:~ ~~~,_L ~~,~-4'\~-nt ~lA:::~-~ ~-VA~};Ai!'.Jh,

i&<<41'il:L~>t'l ·~~·'''·""

di'-r-•:11if +h4"!1 _{~t.t~.~ '}:'f~AA-·V-~_fij.i.}

·~~

...

,.~··.l!'t·'<fift

_{__}_:.£.,.~-«

3.)

limk· on

'life.. Thin

the

$t1ztlt~t1't

o.t

~:ltiD!~tion r:tl~n!t oorv:~trJltly oor~

'Jon

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