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Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29763 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation

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The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29763 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation

Author: Zweemer, Annelien

Title: The ins and outs of ligand binding to CCR2

Issue Date: 2014-11-20

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The INS and OUTS of ligand binding to CCR2

Annelien Jacomina Maria Zweemer

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Amsterdam (Amsterdam, The Netherlands).

This thesis was printed by Gildeprint (Enschede, The Netherlands).

The printing of this thesis was financially supported by PeproTech.

Cover design: Esmee Gramberg - www.annageemag.com

© Annelien Zweemer 2014. All rights reserved.

No part of this thesis may be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the holder of copyright.

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The INS and OUTS of ligand binding to CCR2

Proefschrift

ter verkrijging van

de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker,

volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op 20 november 2014

klokke 16:15 uur

door

Annelien Jacomina Maria Zweemer

geboren te Goes in 1985

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Overige Leden: Prof. Dr. M.M. Rosenkilde Prof. Dr. B. van de Water Prof. Dr. J. Kuiper

Prof. Dr. P.H. van de Graaf

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Contents

Chapter 1 General introduction 7

Chapter 2 Bias in chemokine receptor signalling 23

Chapter 3 Multiple binding sites for small molecule antagonists at the

chemokine receptor CCR2 45

Chapter 4 Discovery and mapping of an intracellular antagonist binding site

at the chemokine receptor CCR2 71

Chapter 5 Allosteric modulation of the chemokine receptor CCR2 by amiloride

analogues and sodium ions 97

Chapter 6 Structure-kinetics relationships – an overlooked parameter in hit-to- lead optimization: a case of cyclopentylamines as CCR2 antagonists 121

Chapter 7 Conclusions and future perspectives 143

Summary 159

Samenvatting 163

List of publications 169

Curriculum Vitae 173

Acknowledgements 177

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