Volume of cornstover purchasedaspercentage of maximum capacity(%)

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The role of the agribusinesscomplex in the bio-economy: challenges and opportunities

ILVO’s ILVO’s ILVO’s

ILVO’s perspective perspective perspective perspective

20/02/2020 Royal Flemish Academy of Science and the Arts, Brussels, BELGIUM Bart Van Droogenbroeck, Bart Vandecasteele, Edward Belderbos, Jef Van Meensel, Johan De

Boever, Marta Ribeiro Alves Lourenço, Greet Riebbels, Hilde Muylle

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Content

• ILVO ?

• ABC Flanders?

• Bioeconomy @ ILVO!

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ONE

INSTITUTE

ILVO is an autonomous scientific

scientific scientific

scientific research research research research institution institution institution institution and service provider of the Government of Flanders to strengthen sustainable agriculture, fisheries and agro- food production in Flanders, Belgium, Europe and the world.

Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food

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VISION AND MISSION

PRIMARY PRODUCTS

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ORGANIZATION

o TransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinary

o Technology platforms o Experimental design o 8 research themes o 4 Living Labs

o Principles of tacit

knowledge and system thinking

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HUMAN RESOURCES

Government Flanders

Own Capital

600 600 600 600

employees

49.5% men, 50.5% women

> 290 researchers & > 160 290 researchers & > 160 290 researchers & > 160 290 researchers & > 160 research support staff research support staff research support staff research support staff 90% job satisfaction

Data 2018

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INFRASTRUCTURE

• 8 sites in Merelbeke, Melle, 8 sites in Merelbeke, Melle, 8 sites in Merelbeke, Melle, 8 sites in Merelbeke, Melle, Ostend Ostend Ostend Ostend

• 200 ha 200 ha 200 ha experimental 200 ha experimental experimental experimental fields fields fields fields

• > 15,000 m > 15,000 m > 15,000 m > 15,000 m ² greenhouses greenhouses greenhouses greenhouses

• > 20.000 m > 20.000 m > 20.000 m > 20.000 m ² animal animal animal housing animal housing housing housing

• > 40 > 40 > 40 accredited > 40 accredited accredited accredited labs labs labs labs

• Pilot food processing plant Pilot food processing plant Pilot food processing plant Pilot food processing plant

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PARTNER

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THINK GLOBAL, ACT ‘LOCAL’

23 NEW EU projects in 2018

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KNOWLEDGE CO-CREATION

EXPERTISE

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IS

KNOWLEDGE

Healthy crops, animals, and soil for healthy food and feed Healthy crops, animals, and soil for healthy food and feed Healthy crops, animals, and soil for healthy food and feed Healthy crops, animals, and soil for healthy food and feed

Socially acceptable animal production

Rural development in urbanized Flanders

Climate Climate Climate Climate

Healthy food Healthy foodHealthy food Healthy food

Bio-economy

Profitable production and value creation Exploitation of marine production

Tacit knowledge v v

Systems thinking

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IS Living Lab for Animal Husbandry

Living Lab at the Food Pilot

Living Lab for Precision Precision Precision AgriPrecision AgriAgriAgri and Foodand Foodand Foodand Food

Living Lab for AgroAgroAgroAgro----ecologyecologyecologyecology and Organic Agriculture

“…starting a dialogue, finding truly co-creative solutions, performing professional experiments and thoroughly evaluating the collaborative trajectories …”

Center of Expertise for the Climate

“…working on solutions for agriculture and fisheries in a changing climate!”

CO-CREATION AND EXPERTISE

Living Lab plant Living Lab plant Living Lab plant

Living Lab plant related support (diagnosis; prebreeding…)

Living Lab for fishery & marine related development

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Inleidende les

Healthy Healthy Healthy

Healthy SOIL SOIL SOIL SOIL

Jane De Bode, Eva Kerselaers, Lieve De Cock, Laure Triste, Marijke Verhegghe, Greet Ruysschaert

SYSTEMS THINKING: EXAMPLE

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Content

• ILVO ?

• ABC Flanders?

• Bioeconomy @ ILVO!

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=

Part of the Flemish

ABC

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AGRIBUSINESSCOMPLEX IN FLANDERS

• 34.000 ENTERPRISES - 70% are agricultural and horticultural businesses

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• 34.000 ENTERPRISES in ABC - 70% agricultural & horticultural businesses

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• 34.000 ENTERPRISES in ABC - 70% agricultural & horticultural businesses

• 133.000 DIRECT WORKPLACES (140.000 INDIRECT)

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• 34.000 ENTERPRISES

• 133.000 DIRECT WORKPLACES (140.000 INDIRECT)

• TURNOVER 62 billion euro

• TRADE (export minus import): more than 4 billion euro

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Content

• ILVO ?

• ABC Flanders?

• Bioeconomy @ ILVO!

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BIO-ECONOMY

Centered around 4 research clusters:

• Systems innovation

• Sustainable use of resources

• Production biomass

• Optimal use of available biomass

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BIO-ECONOMY

Systems Systems Systems

Systems innovationinnovationinnovation ---- facilitating innovation facilitating facilitating transition from facilitating transition from transition from transition from agrofoodagrofoodagrofood to agrofood to to to biobiobiobio----economyeconomyeconomyeconomy This concerns diverse topics :

• Design, organization and follow up of system innovation processes

• Supply chain organization for multiple valorization pathways according to the cascade principle

• Study of enabling public and private institutions and institutional arrangements along the value-chain

• Integration of techno- and socio-scientific research approaches

• Design and organization of participatory approaches involving stakeholders along the entire value-chain

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.147 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.03.017

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Technologies

Techno-economic studies

Sustainability

Organisation

BIO-ECONOMY

Systems innovationinnovationinnovation ---- facilitating transition from innovation facilitating transition from facilitating transition from agrofoodfacilitating transition from agrofoodagrofood to bioagrofood to bioto bioto bio----economyeconomyeconomyeconomy

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 Large number of producers

 Geographically dispersed

 Specialized harvesting equipment

 Seasonality

 Multiple applications

 Conventional vs new

Organisational challenges

BIO-ECONOMY

Systems innovationinnovationinnovationinnovation ---- facilitating transition from facilitating transition from facilitating transition from facilitating transition from agrofoodagrofoodagrofoodagrofood to bioto bioto bioto bio----economyeconomyeconomyeconomy

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 400,000 ton DM

 Cellulosic sugars

 plastics, paints, artificial leather, etc.

Example: value chain for corn stover

BIO-ECONOMY

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Influence of governance structure on value chain development?

Direct sale Cooperative

BIO-ECONOMY

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Research approach

Semi-structured interviews Agent-based modelling

BIO-ECONOMY

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Example result

Volume of cornstover purchasedas percentage of maximum capacity(%)

0 10 20 30

1 6 12

Simulated years

BIO-ECONOMY

Systems innovationinnovationinnovation ---- facilitating transition from innovation facilitating transition from facilitating transition from agrofoodfacilitating transition from agrofoodagrofood to bioagrofood to bioto bioto bio----economyeconomyeconomyeconomy

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BIO-ECONOMY

Sustainable use of resources

What is it about?

- Closing nutrient cycles

- Energy & resource efficiency - Reduce-reuse-recycle principle Current ILVO focus :

System oriented:

– life cycle analyses (exergy en emission based) – economic-ecological trade-offs

– optimal use of resources Process oriented:

– resource efficient production processes

– optimal use by-products to close nutrient and carbon cycles

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Biochar

Nutrients

Stimulates biodiversity

Inoculation with biocontrol organisms Structure

Disease suppression

Chitin ^Stimulates_biocontrol

organisms

Plant immunity Disease

suppression

Nutrients

Building blocks for sustainable growing media?

Compost

nutrients

biodiversity

inoculation with biocontrol organisms structure

disease suppression

Plant fibres

Structure

inoculation with biocontrol organisms

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BIO-ECONOMY

What is it about?

Cultivation, environmental and economic aspects of primary biomass production Current ILVO focus :

• Breeding optimal crop varieties and developing sustainable management (e.g.

agroforestry)

• Diversification by introduction of

• New crops production of fine chemicals

• Crops for high-added value products in fully controlled systems

• Multifunctional and alternative use of common crops

• Novel biomass sources (insects, algae…)

• Surveying and improving biomass quality, harvest and collection efficiency in relation to processing requirements, including physico-chemical properties of biomass

• Study crop improvement - phenomics

- metabolomics - genomics

- new breeding technologies (e.g. Crispr/Cas)

Primary production of biomass

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Chromatographic/mass spectrometric Chromatographic/mass spectrometric Chromatographic/mass spectrometric

Chromatographic/mass spectrometric platform:

• Horizontal

• Joining the available knowledge, expertise and analysis-potential for the detection, identification and/or quantification of organic

compounds in plant, animal, food and feed.

• Stimulating the multidisciplinary and coordinated approach of current and future strategic important ILVO-research.

BIO-ECONOMY

Meet@all analytical platform

LC-MS/MS

GC-MS-O LC-HRMS (IMS)

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BIO-ECONOMY

Dandelion Rubber & Inulin Valorisation Exploitation for Europe

• Asteraceae

• Perennial plant

• Undomesticated crop

• Around 1930 cultivated in Russia and Europe

• 200 kg rubber/ha

http://drive4eu.eu

Primary production of biomass

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Calendula, a golden opportunity

BIO-ECONOMY

Primary production of biomass

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BIO-ECONOMY

Miscanthus as crop for the bio-economy

Primary production of biomass

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BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

What is it about?

Innovative processes and products, optimal valorisation of residual flows from plant or animal production. Added value creation.

Current ILVO focus:

• Evaluation and screening of the nutritive value and functionality of by- products from the food industry and bio-energy production as feed ingredients and/or additives in animal production

• Characterization (biochemical, nutritional, … ) of locally available biomass fractions in order to identify and quantify health promoting compounds

• Application of innovative technologies to produce novel, healthier, cheaper or more sustainable food or feed ingredients and other bio-based products.

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• Food security!  Seaweed/microalgae can contribute + zero-waste: valorization of side-streams in animal production

ValgOrize- what is the challenge?

Chemical Safety - Heavy metals - PCB

- PAH

Microbiological safety

- Total plate count - Food pathogens

Taste parameters/profile - Aminoacids

- Volatile compounds - Pigments

Taste parameters/profile - Proteins

- Carbohydrates - Fibres

- Minerals - Vitamins - Lipids

Drivers to realize this!

• Local production

• Safety

• Security

• Quality

• Beneficial

• Tasteful

• Sustainability

• Zero-waste and circular economy

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

https://www.interreg2seas.eu/en/ValgOrize

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LIVING LAB

AT THE FOOD PILOT

22.600 22.600 22.600 22.600

Food analyses per year

470 470 470 470

Pilot tests per year

>400

>400 >400

>400

Food

companies per year

>100

Consultations per year

65%

65% 65%

65%

SME’s

5 55 5

workshops or seminars per year

Testing and analyzing new recipes and process improvement

Scaling up to (semi-)industrial production Learning about the latest technologies

From idea

to product

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65 T / ha

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

Optimal use of cauliflower biomass grown for the frozen vegetable industry

65,0 T / ha 19,9 T / ha

= 30,7% biomass valorised as food

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2 farmers

growing cauliflower

1 manufacturer

agricultural & processing machinery

1 frozen food company processing cauliflower as research partner

al project coördinator

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

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BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

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Cauliflower puree with tailored texture - More heart = more solid texture, more DF

Biomass use could be increased by ± 25%

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

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CichOpt: optimal use of Cichorium biomass

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

https://projects.au.dk/faccesurplus/research-projects-2nd-call/cichopt/

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CichOpt: optimal use of Cichorium biomass

BIO-ECONOMY

Optimal use of locally available biomass

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• Novel BE crops provide opportunities for crop diversification – increased economic profit? and can result in relevant ecosystem services: counteract erosion (e.g. Miscanthus), pollinators (e.g. Calendula, organic carbon in soil (e.g. Miscanthus) …

• The BE provides are ample opportunities to increase resource efficiency, close loops and upcycle by-products & waste fractions

• Actors working on R&D&I have a crucial role as matchmakers and

facilitators to build trust among actors unfamiliar to each other and hence also in the creation of novel biobased value chains. Investments by

innovators/private organizations are needed to cross the valley of death.

• Opportunities and challenges in the Bio-economy are region-specific. E.g.

Flanders:

• Limited availability of arable land = low-volume, high value applications Strong food processing industry = concentrated availability of by-

products stemming from their activities

TAKE HOME MESSAGES

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Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 92 9820 Merelbeke – België TTT

T + 32 (0)9 272 25 00 ilvo@ilvo.vlaanderen.be www.ilvo.vlaanderen.be www.ilvo.vlaanderen.bewww.ilvo.vlaanderen.be www.ilvo.vlaanderen.be

ilvo@ilvo.vlaanderen.be

@ILVOvlaanderen

@InstituutvoorLandbouw EnVisserijonderzoek ILVOCOMM

Instituut voor Landbouw-, Visserij- en Voedingsonderzoek

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is working on the SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT G ALS