The postcolonial state, "state penetration" and the Nkoya experience in Central Western Zambia

31

-2. THE POSTCOLONIAL STATE. 'STATE PENETRATION' AND THE NKOYA

EXPERIENCE IN CENTRAL WESTERN ZAMBIA

by W. van Binsbergen

1. INTRODUCTION (1)

Statehood, deriving from either thé endogenous dynamics of local

political processes, thé incorporation of local communities in

expanding state Systems originating elsewhere, or from a combi nation

of both, is a much more common and much older phenomenon on thé

African scène than would be suggested by thé application of the 'state

pénétration' metaphor to politica! processes at the local level in

that continent today. In this paper I shall contrast two phases in

Zambian peasants' attitudes towards thé postcolonial Zambian state.

One phase, of aloofness and apparent 'non-pénétration', relates to thé

early 1970s; thé next phase i s that of the much greater ideological

and active support for the same state atnong the same people, less than

a decade later. At first glance, one might be inclined to interpret

the phase of aloofness as a base-line of a process of political

incorporation; thé changes leading to thé next phase would then appear

to amount to some sort of increased 'state pénétration'. A historica!

analysis of politica! structures in Central Western Zambia over a much

longer period of time w i l l revea! the spuriousness of such a view, and

illuminate contemporary options in thé light of collective political

expériences that, in this case, hâve merged with pre-state notions of

sacred kingship to articulate a contemporary ethnie identity.

2. STATE AND LOCAL COMMUNITY IN CENTRAL WESTERN ZAMBIA IN THE EARLY

1970s (2)

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