Early home visitation in families at risk for child maltreatment
Bouwmeester-Landweer, M.B.R.
Citation
Bouwmeester-Landweer, M. B. R. (2006, May 18). Early home visitation in families at risk for child maltreatment. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4396
Version: Publisher's Version
License: Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden
Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4396
Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable).
E ARLY HOME VISITATION IN FAMILIES AT RISK
FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van
de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Dr. D.D. Breimer, hoogleraar in de faculteit der Wiskunde en
Natuurwetenschappen en die der Geneeskunde, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op donderdag 18 mei 2006 klokke 16.15 uur
door
Merian Bride Rafael Landweer
geboren te Ouder-Amstel in 1976
Promotiecommissie:
Promotores:
Prof. Dr. J.M. Wit
Prof. Dr. H.E.M. Baartman (Vrije Universiteit) Co-promotores:
Dr. N.P.J. Kousemaker Dr. F.W. Dekker Referent:
Dr. C. Hoefnagels (Universiteit Maastricht) Overige Leden:
Prof. Dr. S.P. Verloove-Vanhorick Prof. Dr. I.A. van Berckelaer-Onnes
Dit proefschrift is mede mogelijk gemaakt door financiële bijdragen van:
Zorg Onderzoek Nederland
Stichting Kinderpostzegels Nederland Stichting Centraal fonds RvvZ Fonds 1818
Stichting Zorg en Zekerheid
To René, with love
and to Noor, with appreciation
Colofon:
ISBN-10: 90-9020588-8 ISBN-13: 978-90-9020588-5
Druk: Optima Grafische Communicatie Rotterdam Omslagfoto: Caro Pieck
Omslagontwerp: Merian Bouwmeester-Landweer
5
T ABLE OF CONTENTS
1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 9
1 INTRODUCTION 10
2 THIS STUDY 13
3 OUTLINE OF THIS THESIS 15
4 REFERENCES 17
2: AN INTRODUCTION TO CHILD MALTREATMENT AND PREVENTION 19
1 INTRODUCTION 20
2 DEFINITIONS AND LIMITATIONS 21
2.1 Defining child maltreatment 21
2.2 Defining prevention 24
2.3 Setting limitations 26
3 THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF CHILD MALTREATMENT: DANGEROUS CHILDREN 29
3.1 The response to ‘the social issue’ 29
3.2 Child maltreatment as a threat to society 32
3.3 Child protection 33
4 THE REDISCOVERY OF CHILD MALTREATMENT: CHILDREN IN DANGER 35
4.1 The problem of domestic violence 36
4.2 Child maltreatment as a threat to becoming a person 37
4.3 Dilemma’s in child protection 38
5 THE NEED FOR PREVENTION 41
5.1 The rights of parents and children 42
5.2 Trias Pedagogica 44
5.3 Parental support as prevention of child maltreatment 46
6 PARADIGMS FOR PREVENTION 48
6.1 A paradigm for this study 50
7 REFERENCES 54
6
3: RISK FACTORS FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT 59
1 INTRODUCTION 60
2 FROM PARADIGM TO PRACTICE 61
2.1 The ecological perspective 61
2.2 Parental awareness 70
2.3 Conclusion 75
3 RISK FACTORS AND CHILD MALTREATMENT 77
3.1 Risk factors 77
3.2 Review 81
3.3 Conclusion: towards a useful instrument 93
4 REFERENCES 99
4: PREVENTION OF CHILD MALTREATMENT: PROGRAM DESIGN 107
1 INTRODUCTION 108
2 DESIGNING THE PROGRAM 109
2.1 Choices in program design 109
2.2 Conclusion: a design for prevention 114
3 EVALUATING THE PROGRAM 121
3.1 Types of evaluation 121
3.2 Objectives of this study 122
3.3 Instruments for evaluation 124
3.4 Conclusion 133
4 REFERENCES 136
5: PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT IN THE
NETHERLANDS 141
1 ABSTRACT 142
2 INTRODUCTION 143
3 METHODS 145
3.1 Instrument 145
3.2 Population 146
3.3 Procedure 147
3.4 Statistical analysis of data and definition of at-risk label 149
4 RESULTS 152
7
4.1 Prevalence of risk factors 154
4.2 Nurses’ assessment of at-risk level in families 156
5 DISCUSSION 159
6 CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS 164
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 165
8 REFERENCES 165
9 APPENDICES 169
6: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RESPONDENTS AND NON-RESPONDENTS ON A POSTAL QUESTIONNAIRE ADDRESSING RISK FACTORS FOR CHILD
MALTREATMENT 173
1 ABSTRACT 174
2 INTRODUCTION 175
3 METHODS 177
3.1 Ethnicity 177
3.2 Neighborhoods 180
3.3 Other socio-demographics 181
4 RESULTS 182
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 184
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 187
7 REFERENCES 187
7: HOME VISITATION IN FAMILIES AT RISK FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT:
PROCESS-EVALUATION 191
1 ABSTRACT 192
2 INTRODUCTION 193
3 METHODS 195
3.1 Sample for home visitation 195
3.2 Protocol and objectives for home visits 196
3.3 Instruments for evaluation and statistical procedures 198
4 RESULTS 200
4.1 Implementation of the program protocol 200
4.2 Attainability of the program objectives 202
4.3 Satisfaction about the program 204
8
5 DISCUSSION 208
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 212
7 REFERENCES 212
8: HOME VISITATION IN FAMILIES AT RISK FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT:
ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS 215
1 ABSTRACT 216
2 INTRODUCTION 217
3 METHODS 219
3.1 Instruments for effect evaluation 220
3.2 Statistical procedures and analysis of data 224
4 RESULTS 227
4.1 Evaluation of parental measurements 230
4.2 Health-related evaluations 235
5 DISCUSSION 238
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 243
7 REFERENCES 243
9: GENERAL DISCUSSION 247
1 INTRODUCTION 248
2 SELECTING FAMILIES AT RISK 249
2.1 Results of selection 251
3 PREVENTION IN FAMILIES AT RISK 255
3.1 Implementation 255
3.2 Results of intervention 257
4 FUTURE DIRECTIONS 261
5 REFERENCES 265
